The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutComprehensive Development Plan Part I 1967 RAYMOND & MAY ASSOCIATES Planning Consultants White Plains, New York RICHARD MAY, JRt, AoloPo - Partner STUART No POLLY, Aolo'Po - Associate Partner WILLIAM R~ BARRON - Planning Associate The preparation of this report was financially aided through a Federal grant from the Department of Housing and Urban Development, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program for the Bureau of Community Planning, New York State Office of Planning Coordination, It was finar~ced in part by the State of New York, the Town of. Southold and t'he Village of Greenporto RICHARD ~IAY, JR,, I~IATHA~i~L J. PARNSH, P.E.~ Assoc, SAMUEL W. PINE, A.I.P, TOM T. WUERTH STUART N, POLLY, Assoc. A.I.P, 11 HOLLAND AVENUE WHITE PLAINS NEW YORK 10603 (914) 948 6400 NEW YORK CITY TIE LINE · 212) 5843355 52 TRUMBUEL STREEY NEW HAVEN CONNECTICUT 06510 203) 562-3157 719 CAXTON BUILDING 812 ~URON ROAD CLEVELAND. OHIO 44115 216) 621-0610 December 31, 1967 Mr. Charles T. Lanigan, Director New York State Office of Planning Coordination 488 Broadway Albany, New York Re: Town of Southold - Village of Greenport Urban Planning Assistance Projecz - No. N.Y. P-85 Dear Mr. Lanigan: We take plea sure tn submitting the Comprehensive Development Plan - Part I for the Town of Southold and the Village of Greenport. A recommended sez of Subdivision Regulations and Proposed Zoning Regulations for each community has been separately submitted. Our planning staff has met frequently with each local Planning Board, In addition, we have coordinated our efforts by meeting with other Town and Village departments, agencies, and organization s. We wish to express our appreciation for the effective cooperation extended to us by Malcolm Pirnie Engineers, especially Mro Ernest Whitlock and other members of his staff. We also wish to thank the New Yk)rk State College of Agriculture at Cornell University, Mr, Bruck T, Wilkins and Mro David ~. Allee, Respectfully submitted, RAYMOND & MAY ASSOCIATES RM:kfv By Richard May, Ir. {~ --- TOVYN OF 80[JTHOLD VILLAGE OF GREENPORT' Lester Albertson, Supervisor HenryA. Clark, Justice of the Peace Ralph W. Tuthill, Justice of the Peace E. Perry Edwards, Justice of the Peace Howard Valentine, Councilman Louis Demarest, Councilman Robert Tasker, Town Attorney Albert Richmond, Town Clerk Arthur Levine, Mayor Harry Beiling, Village Clerk ~Tilliam Quinn Herbert Kalin Samuel Katz George Hubbard PLANNING BOARD John Wickham, Chairman William Unkelback Frank Coyle Henry Moisa Alfred Grebe PLANNING BOARD ~ohn Sherwood, Chairman Henry Bunce Dr. Leo Goldin Harry Monsell Bernard VanPopering~ Jr. James' Monsell, Suparintendent of Utilities FOREWORD The Comprehensive Development Plan being prepared for the Town of Southold and the Village of Greenpor~, is being published in t%yo segments~ This report, entitled "Compre- hensive Devel, opment Plan, Part I", contains a summary of all the background materials and regulatory measures sub- mitted to the Town and Village Planning Boards during the first portion of the Village Planning Boards during the first portion of the two-year planning program. By the summer, separate Comprehensive Plan reports will be published for the Village and the Town, These documents will set forth in text and maps, policies and proposals covering all the significant aspects of each community's physical deve]op- ment. At the inception of this planning program, East Marion and Orient Point were selected as possible sites for a Long Island Sound bridge c~ossing. However, the apparent re- jection of these locations in favor of a crossing at Port Iefferson has forced your consultants to proceed on the assumption that the Southold sites will not be selected. Should either East Marion or Orient Point be chosen as the site for a bridge crossing, many aspects of this report and the planning proposals to follow wi/1 have to be re-evaluated. I I I ! I I I I I I I I I I i I TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF iLLUSTRATiONS Paqe INTRODUCTION 1 SURVEY & ANALYSIS 6 Existing Land Characteristics 6 Population Analysis 12 I-Iouslng Analysis 1 Y Economic Base Analysis 22 lk4unicipal Finance Analysis 30 Community Facilities 33 Transportation Analysis 45 EFF ECTUATIO N 50 APPENDIX $ 8 Regional Setting Physical Features Generalized Existing Land Use Plan (Town) Generalized Existing Land Use Plan (Village) Census Tracts & Enumeration Districts (Town) Census Tracts & Enumeration Districts (Village) Sewage Disposal System ~tArater Supply System Street Cla s sification Traffic Accidents Traffic Accidents After Paqe 5 6 7 t0 18 19 43 43 47 49 49 NTRODUCT ON Community planning ts based on the premise that there are community goals and interests which tran- scend the desires of any individual, an.d which can be achieved only by coordinated action. Such plan- ning, whether sporadic and unguided or in accordance with a logical~ well developed pattern~ is a proper function of municipal government. Since municipal planning is particularly concerned with land and its uses, any capital expenditure or municipal ordinance which directly or indirectly affects the use of land should be dealt with as part of the planning process. Planning for Southold~ ts concerned not only with the use of land, whether privately or publicly owned,but also with the timing and sequence of development so as to perm'it maxtmum economy in the provision of public facilities and services. To insure orderly development, planning should not be limited to the preparation of a plan but should be a Continuing proc- ess which considers each new decision in the light of past developments and in relation to present and future needs. of certain goals. Even though planning is directly concerned only with physical development, it must be remembered that each decision in this sphere will have effects on the way of life and finances of the community. For example: Zoning exclusively for single family residences on small lots is more likely to produce a community with a larger number of young families of relatively uniform income, than will a zoning pattern which allows fOr a variety of housing types ranging from houses on large and small lots~ to apartments~ Another example is the construction of a new major highway which may increase property values in one area by making vacant land more easily accessible~ but would decrease property values in an established residential neighborhood, where the in- creased traffic would have adverse effects. The planning programs for the Town and Village of Southold were undertaken at the same time because local, state, and federal agencies have recognized that planning problems are not limited by political boundariesf Land used traffic, and other develop- mental forces do not stop at borders, but must be studied and dealt with on an areawide as well as local basis. The prime purpose and function of community planning i's to help direct the community toward the achievement *The term "Southold" when used alone shall refer to both /he Town and Village of Greenport. lUhen the term "Town" is used alone it shall refer only tothe unincorporated area. The Comprehensive Development Plan sets forth the desired pattern of land development in the community and a program for its achievement. The Plan also contains, where necessary, statements on the order -1- of priority~ or the sequence m which the goals are To be achieved. The Development Plan zs intended as a guide for both private and public activities. Future policies should be examined in terms of the objectives of the over-all plan. It should be clearly understood that, even after its adoption, a Develop- ment Plan ts not an unalterable document to be fol- lowed regardless of unfolding events. On the contrary, a Plan of this nature should be periodically reviewed to determine its continued applicability. However, to insure the eventually harmonious development of the Town and Village, any modification of the parts of the Plan should be preceded by a study of all the implications of such modification and by a readjust- ment of the whole to enable the Plan to absorb such change without losing its comprehensive character~ This Part I of the Comprehenosive Development Plan presents an analysis of the existing patterns and trends c These form the basis for the Plan whichwill delineate, in broad outline, the recommended future use of land for residential commercial, industrial, and public and quasi-public purposes. Special attention will be given to the planning of future high- ways, traffic circulation and community facilities. The first steps in moving from plan to reality are taken with the adoption of certain "planning tools" which are provided for in State legislation. ]~he DeveloDmenz Plan~ a statement of policies and pro- posals covering all significant aspects of the com- munity's physical advisory, is the most important of the planning tools since it forms the basis for all others. The other planning tools alt have the legal .function of influencing or controlling private or pub- lic actions in connection with community develop- men;. They are: The Zoninq Ordinance, through which the community exercises control over the use of all land; The Official Map, which designates the public streets and their widths, shows the location of future streets -and proposed widening of existing streets, and the location of existing and planned parks and drainage rights-of-way; Subdivision Requlations, which set forth the stan- dards of layout for the new residential neighborhoods created through the subdivision of vacant land; Housmq and Buildinq Codes, which prescribe mini- mum occupancy and construction standards for buildings; Redevelopmenz and Renewal Plans for the rehabilita- tion or clearance, and reuse of substandard areas in the community; A Capital Improvement Proqram, which sets forth the proiected capital expenditures for the next sixyears. All the measures listed above, with the exception of the Development Plan, can be adopted or promul- gated only by the Town or the Village Boards. The Development Plan is adopted by the Planning Board and the Subdivision Regulations go into effect after approval by both Planning Board and Town or Village Boards. The Capital Improvement Program shouldbe prepared each year by the Planning Board and sub- mitted to the Town or Village Boards for consideration and action. All of these tools are discussed in greater detail in the part of this report dealing with effectuation. The Town and Village Board are the most important local policy making bodies since they adopt the Zoning Ordinance and Official Map and control pub- lic expenditures. The Planning Board, on the other hand, is primarily an advisory body. It adopts the Development Plan, an adgisory docment, and reports to the Town or Village Boards on other policies relat- ing to the development of the Town. However, the Planning Board through the review of land subdivi- sions and site plans for commercial and industrial development, can substantially influence the design of new residential and business areas; a vital part of the community's development process. The con- tribution of the Planning Boards to the achievement of community objectives in the development of Southold may be summarized as follows: 1. Represent the citizens' interest in developments having long-range physical and social effects. 2. Contribute the judgment, experience and special knowledge of members to such matters. 3. Secure information and analyses upon which to assembler adopt~ and periodically revise a Compre- hensive Development Plan which will include pro- posals for the accomplishment of its objectives~ 4, Safeguard the community's interest in matters of land use and physical development as may be pro- vided in zoning and subdivision regulations. Professional planners, often consultants in smalle'r communities, and permanent staffs in the largerones, perform the technical work which the Planning Boards and Town and Village Boards cannot do due to lack of time and specialized training. The professional planners assemble data, prepare maps, and draft advisory reports. One of their most important func- tions is to present the various alternatives open to the community and their consequences, and to advise as to what course to follow. In this, the profes- sional's knowledge of practical applications of various planning measures in other communities and general planning theory is most helpful. A vast new area of Planning Board responsibility has developed in. the past ten or fifteen years. State and Federal financial participation in local development projects is increasing constantly. In many instances, funds are made available only to informed municipal- ities which ask for them. The acute competition between municipalities for the frequently limited funds available causes disbursing agencies to grant funds to communities exercising the strongest and most continuous pressure for them. ~Ve believe that -3- the responsibility for keeping informed' as' to new State and Federal legislation, or as to the availabil- ity of new appropriations which may be beneficial to the community, rests largely with the Planning Board, The process of developing a development plan for Southold's future begins with the establishment of certain objectives or goals, These goals~ which are set forth below all recognize that Sou:hold will grow and change but that this growth should be effectively guided so that the chalacter and amenities which Sou:hold offers today will continue to persist in the years to come. 1. The important natural resources of Sou:hold should be preserved; they include airs land, and water° Therefore: (a) Positive measures should be taken toassure that land in agriculture can be maintained ].n such use for as many years as possible° (b) Inlets, streams ~ and other wetlands should be kept clean and pollution abated where it now exists~ (c) Sources of potable water' supply should be safeguarded for the fu'{ure. Air pollution, should be prevented. (d) Land for public use should be secured well in advance of need. -4- 2~ The widest possible range of educational, recreational, and governmental facilities should be provided and they should be located so as to be readily accessible to the persons to be served~ 3. Although the single family house will remain the predominant dwelling type g provision should be made for other types of housing in selected areas° 4~ The major areas of employment in the Town are agriculture~ seasonal water oriented recreation, and industry. These activities should be protectedwhere 'they now exist, and their growth should be encouraged. 5. Business and industrial areas should be so developed that '[hey are good neighbors to any adjoin- lng residential areas, The intrusionofnon-resid~nti~'l uses within residential neighborhoods should be pre- vented. Particular attention should be given to the coordination of development plans of the Town and Village along their boundaries. 6. Business .developments should be limited to the principal central areas where they are presently located. Steps should be taken to encourage provements as well as bring about increased prosper- ity of existing business districts toward the end that they provide the best possible service and con- tribute to the over~all attractiveness of the Town and Village. As a corollary to this, strip or ribbon development of businesses along Route 25 should be discouraged, and absolutely prohfbftedalon~ Route 27A. 7. Areas of blight and substandard conditions should be corrected so that they contribute to the over-all well-being of the community and avoid de- preciation of nearby residential or business sections. 8. A highway and street network should be pro- vided that will: (a) Facilitate the movement of through traffic on routes that will not be disruptive to the local streets in the developed portions of the Town and Village. (b) Relate all m~nor streets to a system of collector and arterial streets. (c) Adequately serve the various types and intensity of traffic generated by the proposed pattern of land use. (d) Discourage traffic through or too close to residential neighborhoods. (e) Provide for adequate off-street parking wherever people congregate. (f) Provide for adequate and safe pedestrian ways wherever pedestrian movements needto be pro- tected and facilitated. (g) Improve present or eliminate potentialtraf- fic bottlenecks, and dangerous streetalignments and intersections. 9, In summary, the plan should contribute to the healthy economy of the Town and Village and the effi- cient provision of public services. (a) There should bea stable, diversified taxbase. (b) Measures should be taken to avoid blight and slums. (c) Property owners and businessmen should be enabled to make a fair return on their investment. (d) Future development should be located so that it can be served efficiently, and at reasonable cost by public facilities and utilities. -5- EX $T]N( LAND C HA RACT ER JST] CS Physical Features The Town of Southold comprises the major portion of the north fork of eastern Long Island. It is bounded on the north by Long Island Sound, and on the south by Peconic and Gardiner's Bays. Lying within the jurisdiction of the Town are Fishers, Plum, Little Gull and Robins Islands. The mainland portion of Southold is about twenty-one miles in length and five miles in width at'its widest point. However, the majority of the peninsula is only three miles in width. East of Greenport the width never exceeds a mile and a half and between Greenport and Orient Point there is a narrow isthmus no more than a quarter of a mile zn width. Peconic Bay which separates Southold from the south fork of Long Island has two main sections: Great Peconic Bay, the westerly portion, and Little Peconic Bay, the easterly portion. PeconiQ Bay is separated from Gardiners Bay by Shelter Island and North Haven. Shelter Island, the larger of these two land masses, has an area of eleven square miles and lies just across a narrow inlet from Greenport. Visitors tothe oceanfront beaches on'the southern fork of Long Island, from Southold, must either travel west to Riverhead or proceed by ferry from Greenport to Shelter Island and North Haven. From this point access to the Village of Sag Harbor is provided by a bridge. Southold'has an are~ of approximately forty-nine square miles mak'ing it ~h~ s~'c~nd ~rn~ll~st of"[he':ten ~owns in Suffolk Gount'y., The most important physical fea- tures of Southol~ are its extensive agricultural lands occupying the central and northern portions of the Town, and the many miles of waterfront surrounding the peninsula. As might be expected in a predominantly agricultural area, the land is mostly level. The topography is generally uniform with a gentle to moderate slope from the north to the s~uth shore. A ridge of glacial origin runs east to west along the Long Island Sound Shore. North of the ridge the topography is generally abrupt with an overall slope to the Sound. To the south of the ridge is a long gentle slope terminating in the marsh and wetlands which border the bays on the southern shore. There are a number of settlements situated:along Route 25 which parallels the south shore of the Town. The westernmost and largest of these is Mattituck, and proceeding eastward /he next are Cutchogue and East Cutchogue, Peconic, Southold, the Village of Green- port, East Marion, and Orient Point. Most of these have existed since the Town was first settled in the 17th Century by migrants from Connecticut. The migrants came to take advantage of the rich farm land with its long growing season and the many sheltered harbors which offered opportunities for fishing and shell fishing ports. More recently the bays and in- lets on the south shore have become attractive as home sites for seasonal residents wishing to take -6- advantage of the same natural and scenic qualities which attracted the original settlers° Two Of the most popular locations for seasonal homes are the penin- 'sulas which extend into Peconic Bay, Great I-IogNeck and Little Hog Neck, The level nature of the topography, particularly along the south 'shore, ha s tended to create many wetlands at the headwaters of the creeks which drain into Peconlc Bay. The only similar areas on the north shore of the Island are at IVlattituck arid Peconic (Goldsmith] l,hlets - In some cases these wetlands have been dredged ti) form Inland' po~nd~ or widened and deeperied near'the outle~ Of the ~r~ekSo . Dredging activities and the locating of niany.wells in the vi- cinity of th~se creeks ha s tended to iincrea se their salt content~ This has not only seriou~ly threatened the quality of fresh water being drawn from wells but may also have caused.the practical ex.tinctlon of the plentiful supply of oysters, since the young oyster crop was prOduced in these estuaries' ~vhere the salt content was relatively low~ The best harbor in the Town is at Greenport, which has one of the three deep water ports on Long Island outside of the City of New York. (The others are at Port [efferson, 44 miles to the west, and Hempstead Harbor.) The dredged channel at Greenport has a depth of 40 feet and can accommodate some of the largest ocean liners. It is easily accessible from the ocean and Block Island Sound~ and is the most convenient point for access to Shelter Island. Greenport grew more rapidly than other settlements in Southold because of its excellent harbor. It soon -7- became a prominent fishing port and the site of fish packing and canning industries. These activities persist today in spite of competition from larger ports in New England~ The Village has also become a popular port of call~ home port and maintenance and repair station for a growing fleet of pleasure craft plying coastal waters during the summer months. Existinq Land Use_ In order to plan for future development, the Town should be aware of the existing use of its land~ The consultants combined field surveys and tax maps with the information available from aerial photographs in order to prepare maps of the Town and of the Village showing the various land uses. The resulting land use maps constitute a valuable public record, making it possible to determine at a glance whether a parcel of land is used for residen~ tial~ commercial, industrial, public, or agricultural use. Such a map is of vital importance in all plan- ning and zoning discussions. It is recommended that the planning boards of both the Town and the Village periodically review these maps to insure that. it re- flects the latest developments in the community. ~he Pattern A s the developed !an d in the built-up area s 'of S0~thold is only a small fraction of the total land area, the overall view is one of a very large agricultural arid vacant area with small clusters of development~.. In the Town as a whole,,, over 80% of the land Is either vacant or in agricultural use. The 5,133 acres of .I NEW PHYSICAL FE ATU RES Long Sou~hold Little Pecom~ Boy DEVELOP'MENT PLAN TOWN OF ,SOUTHOLD VILLAGE OF 6REENPORT SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK IM~nd Sound Boy --~ / FISHERS ISLAND I~AYM0 ND &: MAY ASSOCiA~PE8 I0°/o SLOPE AND OVER SWAMP AND WETLANDS .'4' Long Little Peoonic Bay Southold GENERALIZED EXISTING ,LAND USE DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOWN OF SOUTHOLD VILLAGE OF GREENPORT SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK The preparation of this exhibt was fi~ancialJy aided through a Federal grant f om tile D Is/ond Sound SHELTER iSLAND Gard/ner~s Boy Block I$/ond Sound FISHERS ISLAND / / ? / / / IAYMOND & MAY AS SO GIA~I'E 8 RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL IINDUSTRIAL r~ RECREATION 8~ OPEN SPACE AGRICULTURAL PUBLIC 8~ QUASI-PUBLIC VACANT developed land is distributed in small centers such as Mattituck, Southold and Cutchogue, and is strung out along the ma]or roads. The result of this strip d~velopment is the visual impression that a great deal more of the land is built upon than actually is the case. The bird's-eye view provided by aerial photographs clearly depicts many roadside "wails" of development screening large open tracts. Land Use in the Unincorporated Town Aqricultural Uses. Farming is Southold's main busi- ness. Over 25% of its residents are employed in the farming industry, and agricultural uses account for nearly half of the total land area of the Town. The United States Bureau of the Census reported that over 145 farms were being worked in 1964; occupying over 13,000 acres of land. The average farm size has grown in recent years to approximately 87' acres. The Census also indicates that the total acreage in farming has not significantly changed since 1930. Potatoes dominate the agricultural land use pattern with three-fourths of the land producing this crop. Minor crops of strawberries, cauliflower, brussel sprouts and other vegetables are grown on the re- mainder of the operated land. Residential Uses. A little over 7% of the land area in the unincorporated Town is devoted to residential u'~es. The predominant dwelling type is the single family house accounting for over 9.5% of all housing units. A number of the newer subdivisions outside of Mattituck and Southold central areas represent the most intensively developed re sidential ne'ighborhoods Outside of the Village of Greenport. Furthermore, the housing types, street layouzs, and general character, in these developments represent the type of modern methods of residential construction which can be ex- pected to increase in Southold in the years to come. EXISTING LAND UTILIZATION Unincorporated Town Land Use 1 Residential. 2 Commercial 3 Industrial 4 Public and Semi-Public 5 Streets and Highways 6 Agricultural 7 Vacant and Private ©Den Space T(~tal Land Area Total Developed Land (Items 1 through 5) Acreage (Approximate) Number 2,125 7.5 225 0.8 43 0.2 1,378 4.9 1,362 4.8 13,136 46.7 9,881 35.1 28,150 100.0 5,133 18.2 Source: Aerial Photographs, Tax Maps, and LandUse Surveyx-Raymond & May Associates. Scattered throughout the farming areas are small groups of migrant housing, constructed to house -8- some of the migrant farm workers who come to Southoldin the spring. Seasonal housing of a dif- ferent nature is prevalent along the miles of shore- front~ A visual inspection indicates large numbers of cottages arld small residences built for summer vacation use° Most of these homes have been con- structed on land overlooking the numerous inlets on Peconic Bay or Long Island Sound. Commercial an_d Industrial Use__so The accompanying table entititled "Existing Land Utilization" shows that 1% of the land is occupied by commercial and 'industrial uses. In addition to a general scattering of small retail stores along Route 25~ there is a clustering of com- mercial uses in a number of the central areas. A small neighborhood type shopping area has developed in Mattituck around the intersection of Love Street and Route 25. A new A & P with considerable off- street parking facilities has recently been constructed adjacent zo this area. Additional retail concentra- tions exist in Cutchogue and Southold central areas. Various produce processing plants, lumber yards and storage facili.tles can be found scattered along the nght-~of-way of the Long Island Railroad° Several other industries are located throughout different parts of the unincorporated area° A number of ship build,- ing facilities and other marine related uses are scattered along Southold's extensive shore [ine~ Public and Semi-Public Uses. Presently, almost five percent of the land (or ] ,378 acres) is devoted -9- to public and semi-public uses~ Over 580 acres are devoted to outdoor recreation space.. Of this, 340 acres are in a State Park at Orient Point, Over 50 acres are located in a County Park. The remain~ ing acres in public arid ~emi-public use include the schools in. the ten school districts, various churches, cemeteries, firehouses, ambulance corps~ dumps, and water storage facilities. Land Develol~ment Potential, Starting from the total land area in the unincorporated Town, it is possible to identify those land areas which are already built- up, those in agricultural uses~ and those which are difficult to develop. The latter category includes swamps, wetlands, lakes, streams, and land in excess of 20% slope. The accompanying table en- titled "Land Development Potential" indicates that developed land amounts to 5~ 133 acres, land in agricultural uses 13,136 acres, andland difficult to develop about 6,242 acres, Subtracting these figures from the total acreage in the unincorporated area provides a rough measure of the available buildable land. Calculating on this basis yi'elds a total buildable land area of about 3,639 acres. The physical characteristics of the land are extreme- ly important factors to be considered in the prepara- tion of land use plans for the unincorporated area of the Town. Building construction in the marsh and wetland areas is very difficult without the use of costly footings, The land use plan for the unin- corporated area begins to take shape, if we add to these physical factors the desire to preserve the extensive agricultural lands l.n the central and northern Portions of the Town. LAND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL Unincorporated Area s Acreage (ADDroximate) 28,150 Land Area Gross Land Area Minus Developed and Agricultural Land 18,269 Net Land Area 9,881 Minus Land Difficult to Develop 6,242 Buildable Land 3,639 Source: Raymond & May Associates, U.S. Geological Survey, Tax Maps. Land Use in the Villaqe of Greenport The single family house is the predominant land use feature of the Village of Greenport accounting for over 25%0 of the developed land. A few two-family and multi-family buildings are scattered throughout the Village. There has been little new residential construction' in the Village and the majority of the existing residences are large, old structures on relatively large plots of land. The center of the Village is dominatedbythe commercial uses along Front and Main Streets and the waterfront with its marine related uses. The Greenport water- front is an Important landing for commercial fishermen and the site of fish packing and canning industries° The Village, with its extensive marina ~ docking re- pair, and marine outfitting facilities~ is also a popu- lar port-of-call for the growing fleets of summer pleasure craft. Many of the buildings in Greenport's business district are in mixed uses with dwellings above and commercial uses on the ground floor. The newest addition to the Village's shopping facilities is an A & P occupying the easterly portion of the block bounded by Adams, South, and First Streets. The Village Hall is also located in the vicinity. Less than 2% of the Village is devoted to industrial and heavy commercial uses. Most of this acreage is located along the waterfront and the tracks of the Long Island Railroad. The Long Island Railroad enters the Village from the east below Route 25. It runs in a westerly direction to a termination~at the waterfront. The Greenport station area also serves as the embarkation point for the Shelter Island ferry. The railroad tracks act as a dividing line between the western portion of the central business district and one of the ma]or resi- dential neighborhoods. This area of one family homes is located on a small peninsula that extends into Peconic Bay. At the tip of the peninsula is Fifth Street Beach and a boat laufiching ramp. Three hundred and-twenty-eight acres of land are devoted to public and semi-public use. These in- clude 250 of watershed land, churches, parks, the Village I-Iall, the Police Station, firehouses, Eastern -10- Long Island Hospital and Village owned property bounded by South, Third and Center Streets and Fourth Avenue. Over 6% of the land in the Village has been catego- rized as vacant~ All of this land is scattered in sma ll parcels throughout Greenport~ EXISTING LAND UTILIZATION Village of Greenport Acreage (approximate) Cateqor¥ Number Percent: 1 o Residential 135 25.4 2. Commercial 25 4.7 3. Industrial 7 1 . 3 4. Public, Semi-Public, and Watershed 328 62 o0 5. Vacant and Private Open Space 35 6.6 Total Land Area (not including underwater land) 530 100.0 Source: Raymond & May Associates, Land Use Survey, Tax Maps and Aerial Photo. Land Developmenz Potentials. The land development potential for the Village of Greenporz was calculated by using the same method as described previously -11- for the unincorporated Town. Of the total acreage in the Village (530 acres), approximately 93% is developed or in public watershed land, 3% is dif- ficult to develop, and the remaining 4% (20 acres) is buildable land. LAND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL Village of Greenport Land Area Gross Land Area 530 Minus Developed and ~Vatershed Land 495 Net Land Area 35 Minus Land Difficult to Develop 15 Buildable Land 20 Acreage (A D proxima re) Source: Raymond & May Associates, U.S Geologi- cal Survey, Village Tax Maps. [~ RESIDENTIAL I COMMERCIAL I MARINE COMMERCIAL GENERA[. COMMERCIAL [~ STORAGE VACANT (SENERALIZED EXlSTINEi LAND USE VILLA(SE OF (SREENPORT The preparation of this exllibit was financially aided through a Pederat grant from the Department of POPU LAT ON ANALYSIS Communities may be viewed as a complex system of physical facilities and activities which are both cre- ated by the population and required by it to maintain its daily life. In analyzing a community's physical facilities, we are concerned about several distinct aspects: Total number or amount; different kinds or types, and location and distribution. The population study is a first szep tn such an analysis. The total size of the population determines the amount of physical facilities required; whereas the character- istics of the people determines the kinds of facilities arkd services needed. The location of the population relates directly to the distribution of various phys- ical facilities. The population study is almost en- tirely based on United States Census material. Population Trends New York Metrooolitan Reqlon and Suffolk County. The New York Metropolitan Region* has had a dynamic population growth in the past 30 years; this growth, *The New York Metropolitan Region, as defined by the Regional Plan Association comprises all of New 1930 York City, and Dutchess, Nassau, Orange, Putnam, 1940 Rockland, Suffolk and Westchester Counties in New York State; Fairfield County tn Connecticut; and 1950 Bergen, Essex, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, 1960 Passaic, Somerset, and Union Counties in NewJersey. however, has been more emphatic in those portions of the Region outside of New York City. The popula- tion of Nassau County increased by 328% and of Rockland County by 130% between 1930 and 1960. The population of New York City, on the other hand, increased by only 12.2% in this 30 year period and actually decreased during the 1950-1960 decade. The population of the Region as a whole increased by 38.5% during the 1930 to 1960 period, while the State of New York tncreasedby'33.3%0 In the 1950 to 1960 decade, Suffolk County's population increased 141.5% making it the fastest growing County in the State~ The Regional Plan Association has estimated that Suffolk County's population will reach 2 million individuals by 1985, an increase of 300% over the 1960 population of 666,784. POPULATION CHANGE 1930-1960 Town of Suffolk Metropolitan Southold County Reqion 11,669 161,055 11,642,943 12,046 197,355 12,517,671 11,632 276,129 13,951,000 13,295 666,784 16,138,883 -12- Town of Southold and Villaqe of Greenport. The phenomenal post-World War l]I population growth has taken place to the west of the Town of Southold, which has remained relatively stable in populatton size since 19200 During the 1920's, the population of Southold's unincorporated areas grew moderately (from 7~025 in 1920 to 8,607 in 1930) while that of the Village of Greenport declined slightly (from 3~122 to 3~062) u The slight gains manifest tn the unincorporated areas and the Village from 1930 to 1940 were balanced by population losses in both areas during the forties. Thus, the population re- ported in 1950 was almost identical to that reported in 1930. From 1950 to 1960, the unincorporated areas again grew moderately increasing in size by 24% (from 8,604 persons in 1950 to 10,687 in t960). The Village, meanwhile, declined by 16.1%, from 3,028 in 1950 to 2,608 persons in 1960. The Town, over-all, grew by 14.3%. from 11.632 to 13,295 persons. Indicative of the stability of the population in the Town ts the 1960 Census report that over 60% of Southold's residents, who were five years old or older in 1960, were living in the same housing units as in 19~55. In Suffolk County as a whole, the geo- graphic mobility rate (of those who were 5 years old or over in 1960 who had not moved from 1955 to 1960) was 46%. During the early part of its history the eastern areas of Suffolk County had more papulation than the west- ern towns. However, since 1920 five western Towns have had a greater total population than the com- bined five eastern Towns° From 1920 to 1960, the geographic center of the County's population moved -13- westward, Thus, in 1920 the ratZoof population concentration was 2~3 persons in 'the five western Towns to each person in the five eastern Towns, representing 76,878 to 33,868 persons. By 1960, this ratio increased to 10:1 In itself, this is a reflection of the saturation development of Nassau County and the population tide extending itself deeper into 8nd beyond Brookhaven Towfl. In th,e future the geographic ratio of east and west Suffolk County can be expected to change stgnificantly and the center of population will shift eastward. Except for brief periods during the summer months, the five eastern Towns of Suffolk County have re- matned relatively unaffected by the post-war popu- lation expansion into Nassau from New York City and the combined Nassau County-New York City growth into Suffolk County. The Town of Southold, which is a farming and resort community,and the Village of Greenporz, which is the Town's business center and residence for much of its labor force, has shown a relatively stable winter-time population (the Census is taken as of April 1). The Cornell University study of Southold has estimated the 1964 summer population of the Town (excluding Fisher's Island) to be 25,189 persons, of which 14,186 were rated as being permanent residents. The 1964 Long Island Lighting Company Population Survey which is based on electric meters estimated the combined Town and Village population at 14~ 626 persons for a 10% ~ncrease over the 1960 Census. The Village was estimated az 2,630 persons, an increase of only 22 persons over 1960, and the unincorporated areas at 11,996 persons, a growth of 1,209o Aqe Group Composition The most significan-~ changes ~n the age composition of the population of both communities between 1950 and 1960 was the ~ncrease in the oldest age groups, which follow national~trends. The Town balanced the rise in the number of older persons with increases in the youngest age groups, again reflecting the na- tional trend. The Village, on the other hand, had a loss in the actual numbers of younger people. There was a corresponding proportional and absolute de- cline in the number of young and midd~e-aged adults ~n both communities reflecting the possibility of the area becoming a retirement community, Although the population of the unincorporated areas increased by 24% between 1950 and 1960, the under 5 age group grew by 16% and the 5-14 age group (elementary and junior high school children) jumped by 66%. The growth in the high school group (15-19 years) was only 3.5%. The l'arge percenta'ge increases for the two youngest age groups in all probability refelcts in part the large inm~gration of population into the Town, while the 15-19 years old group are a result of the smaller populations of the 1940's. In support of this assumption, the age groups which probably contain the parents of those children have also registered 1960 population increases. The 35 to 44 year old age group rose by 18% and the 45 to 54 year olds increased by 46.5%. During the period between 1950 and 1960 the number of persons in the 20 to 24 and 25 to 34 year old groups registered declines: The 20 to 24 year old group lost 59 persons (-13.8%), and the 25 to 34year old category lost 47 persons (~3..8%). Persons 55 years or older increased from 1,978 in 1950 to 2,627 in 1960, for an increase of 32.8%. This reflects a nation-wide trend which has been spurred by advances xn health services, medical research and treatment, and the general rise in the standard of living. Indications are that this trend will continue in the future. The increase in this age group~ in Southold~ may also be related to changes in year-round residential occupancy. During the 1950's, the 55-64 age groups grew by 20% and the 65 and over group gained by 44.7%. The proportion of the two age groups as part of the total population, thus increased in the ten year period, from 22.98% to 24.6%. The proportion of persons over 55 years in the County~ in 1960, was 16.48%. T'he trends manifest in the age composition of Green- port's population are not similar to those of the unin- corporated areas of Southold, ~Vith the exception of those persons 65 years or over, every other age group in the Village decreased in actual numbers or remained the same. In addition~ the increases noted in the older age groups were less marked than those for the Town. Compared to the County as a whole, the Vil- lage contained proportionately more persons in those age groups 45 years a'nd over, and fewer in the younger age groups. Residents of both the Town and Village were somewhat older than those of Suffolk County as a whole. ~Arhile the median age of Suffolk County males was 29.7 -14- years in 1960 and that of females slighlly h~,gher (30.2), Census Tract 100 encompassing the western section of Southold, reporteda median age of 35,1 for males and 36.4 for females~ The other half of the Towns which nad slightly more inhabitants con- rained residents with median ages of 36o4 and 36.9 for males and females~respectively. The medianage for Greenport males was slightly higher at 36~ 7 and for females~ 39.5~ Racial Composit~ o_n The non-white population residing in Southold in 1960 amounted to approximately 7.4% of the resident population, Of these 987 non-white persons, 340 were residents of the Village and 647 residents of the Town. Population Characteristics by Enumeration District In 1960, the following population characteristics were available on an enumeration district (E, basis for the Village of Greenport. E.D, 167, which in general covered the area aorth of West and Center Streets--Central Avenue contained 1,233 or slightly more than 50% of the Village's population. Of these, 953 were white, 274 were Negroes,and 6 were of other races. On an E. D.-wide basis the population in households was 3, 13 persons o However, of the 280 non-whifes, the population per household was 4.75 persons. The median age in the E.D. was34o9 years for males and 36~4 years for females° In F,~]D. 168, which lies south of E.D. 167 and runs to the Long Island Railroad, north along Fourth Street -15- and east along Front Street and south along Main Street, there was a total population of 923 persons~ Of these, 865 were white, and 58 were non-white. The population in households for the entire E.D. was 2.96 persons, while that for non=whites was 3.87 persons~ The median age was 37.6 years for males and 41~ 1 years for females. In E.D. 169, which covers the remaining areas of the Village, there were 448 whites and 2 non=whites~ The population per household was 2.71 persons and the median age for male's' was $8° 6 years and that for females was 42~8 years~- Theoretical Capacity Based on Existinq Zoning and Ave ilability of I~rater Supply The existing zoning in the Town, through the various zones, restrictions, and district boundaries~ has implications with respect to the maximum population potential of the area. At any given point in time, it represents an image of Southold's future land uses and population distribution. The estimate of zoning capacity is based upon a number of assumptions: (1) Farm land will continue in its present use. (2) Residential development will occur only on the buildable vacant land (not-including farm land). (3) The population estimate relates to permanent residents only. (4) Family size is assumed to be 3 persons per dwelling. On the basis of the above assumptions: (1) All the vacant land in the Town currently zoned for residential use, was measured and classified by zone. (2) For each area measured, 50% of the land was deducted for accessory facilities (schools, roads, shopping, etc.). (3) Based on current zoning, the maximum number of dwelling units for each area was then calculated. (4) The potential, number of dwelling units thus derived was multiplied by 3 persons, per dwelling. The resulting figure, which is somewhat in excess of 19,000 persons, is the theoretical additional population capacity of the Town. Malcolm Plrnie Engineers have conducted a studyon the availability of water and the consumption rate of the existing supply. Their report estimates that at the existing level of withdrawal for irrigation, about 5 million gallons a day, the present water supply can provide for an additional year-round population of approximately 20,000 people. The rate at which the Town achieves this population level is dependent upon many factors including: The general state of the economy; the realization of re- gional proposals, such as the ~etport at Calverton and the Bridge crossings; the continued rises in pro- jected population for the Region and the County; the willingness of the owners of the land to sell for de- velopment purposes; and finally, the zoning policies of the Town and the Village. -16- HOU$ N( ANALYS]$ Housing is as much an indicator of developmental trends and patterns as is population, and its study is, therefore, also a necessary prelude to the plan- ning process. In this analysis, we will be particu- larly concerned with the following: 1. The quah~ity and characteristics of the housing supply. 2. The condition of housing. The following discussion deals mostly with "housing units" as defined by the U.S. Census of Housing, as opposed to houses or structures. The Census defines a housing unit as a room, or group of rooms. intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. Thus~ a single family house and a housing unit are synonomous, while a multi-family structure may con- tain many housing units. Due to the nature of devel- opment in the Southold area, the %/asr maiority of housing units are in one family structures. Total Housinq Supply The 1960 housing supply of the Village of Greenport consisted of 1,005 housing units. This represented a decrease of 20 units from the 1,025 dwelling units reported by the 1950 Census. At the same time, the Town of Southold experienced a rate of growth of 34% in the number of dwellings in its unincorporated areas, from 5,204 dwellings in 1950 to 6,967 hous- ing units in 1960, In the Village, the loss noted in the number of hous- ing units may have been greater than indicated., due to a change ~n census definition from the 1950 term of 'Dwelling Unit" to the 1960 "Housing Unit". In 1950, a one-room unit without cooking facilities qualified as a "dwelling uhit" only when located in a regular apartment house or when the room consti- tuted the only living quarters in the structure. In !960, the definition was broadened to include such categories as units in rooming houses, resident hotels, and those occupied by lodgers with separate entrances to their living quarters even when there was no separate cooking equipment. (Mote] rooms usually occupied by transient guests are excluded.) In 1960, there were 22 one-room units in Greenport, .as compared to only 4 reported in the 1950 Census. Since there was little "new" construction in the Village between 1950 and 1960, it is conceivable that some or all of the 18 additional one-room ui~its reported in 1960 were tn existence prior to 1950. Assuming this to be the case, then the Village may have lost more than the 22 housing units reported by the Census between 1950 and 1960. In 1960, there were 114 one-room units in the unincorporated areas of Southold. Most of the Town's one-room units were located east of Peconic in Census Tract ~102. Comparison of data between the 1950 and 1960 Census of Housing by smaller statistical areas iS not pos- '~ible since these boundaries (Census Tracts and Enumeration Districts) did not exist [n 1950 or were changed for the 1960 Census. -17- Characteristics of Housinq Units A_ge of Housinq Supply. Of the Village of Greenport's 1~005 housing units reported in 1960, 951 or' 95% were built before 1940. Only 54 units were con- structed between 1940 and 1960. Of these, 949 (94.4%) were onexfamily dwellings, 42 were two- family houses, 4 were three and four family units, and 10 contained 5 to 9 housing units. In. 1960,98% of the unincorporated Town's housing units were one- family dwellings and almost 50% of all the units ex- isted before 1940. Vacancies° As of April 1960, 869 units or 86.5% of the Village's housing supply were occupied. Ap- proximately two-thirds of the occupied housing units were found to be owner-occupied. Of the total Village housing supply 46 (4.6%) were considered to be va- cant and for rent or sale. Ninety units (8.9%) were classified as-"Other Vacant". Many of these prob- ably belonged to summer residents who were not present at' the time of the Census .survey. In the Town, almost one-half of the housing units were classified as "Other Vacant" at the time of the Census. In Census Tract 100, delineated west of Peconic, only 1,633 units out of a total of 3,16i housing units (51~ 7%) were occupied. Another 1.3% (42) were con- sidered to be vacant and available for rent and sale and 47% (1,486) were noted as "Other Vacant". In all probability, most of these were owned or'rented by summer residents. Of the occupied housing units, 83% (1,357) were owner-occupied and 17% (276) were renter-occupied. In Census Tract 102 the picture was similar, with 1,882 out of 3,806 units (49%) -18- occupied. Some 2.0% (75) of the units were con- sider'ed, at the ztme, to be vacan% and available for' rent or sale. A total of 1,849 units or 49% were ~n the "Other Vacant" designation and probably were owned or rented by summer residents. Of the occu- pied units, 77% (1,442) were owner-occupied and 23% (440) were renter~-occupied. Comparison of statistics reveals that the Villagehad a greater percentage of occupancy (86.5%) than either the Town (52%) or Suffolk County (77%). However, the Village's 66% of owner-occupied units was less than zhe Town's 80% and the County's 85%. In ad- dition, the Village's non-seasonal vacant units (available for rent or' sale at the time of the Census) which accounted for 4.6% of its housing supply was greater than 'the Town s 1.7% and the County's 2.5To. In the "Other Vacant" category, the Village, with only 9% of its housing supply in this group, was lower than the Town's 48% and the County's 20%. Value of SinGle Family Homes. One out of every four resident owners of single family houses were asked by the 1960 Census to place a value on their homes~ The reported results show similar median values in the unincorporated Town ($14,300 in Census Tract 100 and $14,800 in Census Tract 102) and Suffolk County as a whole ($14,500). These figures averaged 40% greater than the Village's $10.400. Of owner- occupied homes 80.5% were valued at $10. 000 or more in the Town as opposed to only 54% in the Village. In the Town 26% of the homes were valued at $20,000 or more, whereas in the Villa ge none of its owner-occupied units had values exceeding $19,000. C.T. SO I00 C.T. S( 65P~ L/ttl~ P~coni¢ B~y CENSUS TRACTS AND ENUMERATION DISTRICTS 1960 DEVELOPMENT~-~~ ^ h,t TOWN OF $OUTHOLD VILLAGE OF GEREENPE)Ii~ SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEV¥ YORK The preparation o{ tbs exhib was na~ca ¥ ade¢ th ough a £ede a g ant urn he Department of 14ous ng a~ld Urban Developmen, undo the Urban P arming Assistance program for the Bureau of Community Planning, New York State Office o P ann ng Coordination. it was tinance~ B par by the State of New York Islond P 171 Gardiner~ Bay FISHERS ISLAND ~FIAYMONI) & MAX' A~SOCI A~CES- CENSUS TRACTS ENUMERATION DISTRICTS Monthly Rental Value, Median gross rentals for occupied units (contrac~ rent plus the average month- ly cost of utilities, if these are paid for by therente~) were also higher in the Town and County as a whole than in the Village ($80 in C.T. 102, $96 in the County and $63 in Greenport). In addition to the differences tn median rentals there were also vari- ations tn percentages of distribution. In the Village, 62% of all rentals ranged between $40 and $79 with another 4% reporting no cash rent. In the Town, 60% of all rentals ranged between $60 and $149 and an- other 25% had no cash rent. This high percentage of no cash rent for renters reflects the farm economy of th~ Town. In Suffolk County as a whole, 73% of all rentals ranged between $60 and $149andanaddifi(~rial 10% paid no cash rent. Number .of Rooms and Household Size. The median size of housing Units in Greenport and the Town was 5.8 rooms and approximately 5.3 rooms respectively. This was close to the County median of 5.4 rooms. In 1960, household size tn Town and Village areas were fairly similar to each other, but were loWer than the County's. The Greenport median household size was 2.6 persons in C.T. 100 and 2.5 persons in C.T. 102. The percentage distribution of one and two person households, in 1960, were greater in the "North Fork" than in the County as a whole. In the COunty household sizes of .more than two persons w.ere more characteristic. In this regard, the smaller household sizes in the Town and Village pr~)bably reflect their older age composition and the retire- ment character of the area. Overcrowdinqo Overcrowding [s considered to exist in suburban and rural areas when there is, on an average, more than one person per room of a housing unit° In the Town and Village where there are large percentages of one and two person households and large housing units, overcrowding is of little concern at this time. In Greenport some 6.3% of the housing units fall within this definition. In the untncorporated areas of Southold, C.T. 100 had 4.4% and C.T. 102 had 4.7% of its housing units in this category. I-Iow- ever, in both the Town and Village more than one- half of all of the housing units reported less than 0.5 persons per room. Condition of the t{ousinq Supply The condition of a community's housing supply is indicative of the living conditions of its residents. [n order to plan for the Town's future, the planners should be aware of these conditions and the nature and extent of the problems 'they represent. From the 1960 Census data, it has been possible to qual~tify the number of housing units deficient either structur- ally or because they lack basic plumbing facilities. The Census uses three classifications of structural condition. A "sound" structure is one which has either no d~fects or only slight ones which can be corrected during the course of normal maintenance. A "deteriorating house is one which needs more repairs, or repatrs of a more critical nature than would be provided.during regular maintenance, if it ts to continue providing safe and adequate shelter. A dilapidated" house may either be of inadequate -19- contained the second area of generally poor hot~sing. The Development Plans for the Town and the Village will make various recommendations for improving the condition of housing throughout Southoldo -21- ECONOMIC OASE ANALYSIS Southold and its surrounding urban area can be viewed as part ora distinct economic region. It is on the outer fringe of the high density housin:3 and indus- trial concentrations of the New York Metropolitan Region. Suffolk County, where Southold is located, is the sixth largest county in the New York Metro- politan Region, when measured by size of population and eleventh largest in number of iobs o The Gounty is also one of the fastest growing counties zn the Region, reflecting the spill-over of population and 3obs from the crowded "core" counties to Suffolk County. For Suffolk County as a whole, the most pronounced economic pressures are arising from continued growth of population and industry in the Metropolitan Region. The population of the 22 counties which make up the New York Metropolitan Region is expected to grow from 16.1 million in 1960, to 22.2 mil]lonin 1985~ for an increase in number of 5.1 million. This rise compares to an increase of only 4.1 million over the 30 year period of 1930-1960. Insofar as little popu- la'tion gain can be expected in the fully developed central parts of the region, the gazns in numbers will be greatest in places 20 to 60 miles out of Manhattan, where vacant land is still available. In the Southold area itself, population and commer- cial growth will lag behind the county as a whole because of Southold's greater distance from the "core" city and its relative inaccessibility. This means that Southold's planners have a little more time to structure the growth that inevitably will take place. Planning for future growth must achieve a satisfac- tory balance of rural and urban housing, and agricul- tural, industrial, and services employment~ The Ooncept of "Export" Industries in Economic Base Studies Industries are termed "export" or "base" industries when their products are consumed outside the region in which they are produced, or when they are con- sumed by residents from outside the region. This results in the "exporting" community earning income from the consuming community. However, such transactions take place only when the products and services of the exporting communities successfully compete in the marketplace against products from other communities. Thus the industries in the ex- portihg communities must keep abreast of technical and marketing developments, and their costs of government and services from government must be competitive. Technological developments and consumer buying habits are erasing the line that separates "base" industries from local industries in some sectors of the economy~ Traditionally, industries such as re-' tailing were consfdered lo'cai industries because their product~ and 'services were largely consumed in the communitfes in which they were produced'. Improve- ments in shopping centers have resulted.' in a great deal of crossing of community lines for retail buying~ Thus, some local industries have the capability of earning money from outside their community in much the same manne~ as "export" industries~ The implications o£ this trend toward increased consumer mobility is that communities with strong export industries can have funds drawn away if local institutions are not adequate to meet consumerneeds~ while2communit~i~s which do not have strong export industries can sometimes develop the capability of earning revenues from outside their community by building strong local industries° In Southold, the major "base" or "export" industries are: Agriculture Commercial Fi shing Recreation Over the short-term, the major opportunities for Southold are to increase the efficiency of the exist- ing "base" industries. Southold currently does not have a strong retail sector~ and because of its geographical location~ it probably cannot build one strong enough to draw dustomers from neighboring towns° However, a re- tail industry that maximized the amount of shopping performed by Southold residents within Southold is a feasible goal. Aqriculture Today, the overwhelming importance of agriculture in Southold's economy is undeniable, There are -23- some 145 farms in the Town producing close to 6 million dollars worth of output*,, primarily potatoes. Some $36,000 of sales per farm place Sot/thold in the upper brackets of farm ~ales'inthe New'York Met,~ ropolitan Region and the northeast in general. Of the $22 million in sales of potatoes for all of Long Island~ in 1965~ Southold received about $$~8 mil- lion or about 25% of Long Island's income. Southold has about '25%<;~f th~ N~Y, Metropolitah R&'gion's potato acrea~fe aa~ only 18 percent of the region's storage capacity~ indicating that additional storage capacity might be useful in Southold to help keep potatoes off:the market when prices are iow. The Hamptons have a storage capacity ratio of 228 hun- dredweight (cwt)~ for each acre planted, compared to a capacity of 152 cwt. per acre for Nassau and western Suffolk. For the entire Long Island, the average ratio is 151 cwt. per acre, about 41 percent larger than the Southold ratio. In addition~ only 6 percent of the storage capacity. on Long Island has controlled humi~dity, indicating that long-term storage capacity is not. adequate. Long Island potato growers were questioned about use of sprout inhibitors, by the Department of Agri- culture, and half reported they did not use any, fur- ther indicating a~,market'fng program.aimed at so pplylng * - Allee, David I., The L'onq Island North Fork Study, D. epartment, of Rural Sociology, Cornelt UniversitY, Ithaca, New-York *~ - 1 h,undr~dweight (cwt) -~ 112 pounds. fresh produce only. Some improvements in selling to local markets might be made if the flow of fresh potatoes to the market could be regulated after the crops are harvested. Long Island potatoes have about half of the shelf life in the retail store than potatoes from other re- gions have. This results in pressure for quick sales to move volume. Research efforts to develop strains with longer shelf lives, or storage methods to pro- long shelf life, would seem advisable. Other re- search projects aimed at staggered planting, to ;de- velop crops over a longer time period, should also be considered. Strawberries, claiming a modest 6% of the operated [and, follows potatoes in terms of land use. Cauli- flower and brussel sprouts follow using 4% and 2% of the land respectively. Approximately 10% of all agricultural land is devoted to the combined acreage of cabbage, sweet corn, onions, string beans, cu- cumbers, tomatoes and peas° Aqricultural Recommendations. Southold (and Long Island) requires an a~ricultural research program with the following aims: 1. Increasing the acceptability of Long Island crops to food processors where market growth is taking place. 2. Staggering the appearance of Long Island crops on the market through new planting schedules, proved storage facilities, or new varieties with longer shelf life so as to prevent seasonal oversupply and low prices. 3. Analyze yield per acre fOr various crops to determine if substitution of cauliflower, cabbages, or o[her crops for potatoes will increase regional income. Commercial Fishinq In 1964, the commercial fishing industry in Suffolk County was composed of 28 firms employing 114 people, with a payroll of $148,000 per year. The bigges~ firm had less than 50 employees and 21 of the 28 firms had 3 or less employees. Thus, the local industry is made uP of small producers with limited capital for investment in production or market- ing facilities° The income that Southold derives from the commercial fishing industry lies more with the use of the Town's landing facilities than with actual fishing~ In 1965~ 10% of the New yOrk area's total landings of shell and fin fish took place in the Town's two landings. PERCENT OF TOTAL NEW YORK AREA LANDINGS OF SHELL FISH AND FIN FISH IN SOUTHOLD Landinqs Gardiners, Peconic Long Island Sound 19611962 196319641965 3.3 3.1 3.6 5.7 7.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.7 5.8 5.6 6.0 8.0 9.9 Source: U.S. Department of Interior New York Land- ings, annual summaries, 1961-65. -24- The harvesting of the bay scallop in recent years has provided a source of income generation to Southold. Its harvest, commencing in mid-September and continu- ing to spring, provides a supplementaryoccupatfon for many individuals employed ih summer recreatiOnal activities° Major man-made changes (canats~ dredg- ing, etCo) could cause drastic biological effects on · this fishery. The bay -scallop's increasingly important role in Southold's economy, requires careful consid- eration of biological impacts when planning such Physical changes~* The fishing industry on Long Island mainly supplies fresh fish tothe New York market. However, consumer demand for'fresh fish has shown little change in recent years, while consumer demand' for processed fish is growing as follows: From 1960 to 1965 consumer expenditure for fish increased about 7 percent with the entire gain centered in processed fish such as fish sticks and breaded shrimp. Consumption of processed fish is expected to show stronger growth in the future because of changing dietary attitudes, toward low-far--high, protein foods such as fish, and because processing generally masks the flavor of fresh fish and makes the product more acceptable to consumer tastes. Advances in packaging are also extending the shelf life of fish, thereby opening new marketing channels. *Wilkins, Bruce T,~ Trends in Commercial Fishery Landinqs, Town of Southold~ -25- Plans to use fish flour as additives to human food can give this market renewed strength, although the program was set back recently when the Food and Drug Administration contended that fish flour did not meet health standards because of excessive leadand isopropyl alcohol residue used in the processing. These obstacles are likely to be overcome, and fish flour may become a new growth industry with strong overseas markets. Recommendations 1. A program to enlist the assistance of all govern- ment agencies that can finance protection and devel- opment of the Long Island shellfish industry should be prepared. 2. Greenport's deepwater port and location in a landings zone makes it an attractive site for a fish flour plant (such a plant was recently closed in East Marian) . 3. A fish processing plant to produce processed fish for human consumption should be considered for a site in or near Southold. Recreation One of the major sources of income in Southold originates in the recreation industry. The Qontribu- tion to Southold's income from this source is felt in the boating and sport fishing industry, the construc- tion industry, and realty industry (for second homes), and in retail sales of all types. Boatinq~ In 1965, of the 6,645,000 outboard motors in use, about 365,000 were in the New York City area, representing about 5 1/2 percent of the national total. Boats in use in New York State, Connecticut, and New Jersey; combined were 913,000 or about 14 percent of the national average. Southold is located in one of the biggest, if not the biggest, recreational boating market in the United States. The recreational boating indusfry is expected to re- ceive further impetus from Federal programs. Under the Federal Land and Water Conservation Fund Act, which became effective January'l., 1966, an estimated $200' million annually will be available for outdoor recreational development by direct Federal expendi- ture and in matching grants-in-aid to the states. It is anticipated that the Act will give considerable impetus to state programs for developing boating facili~'es. [~wenty~tg¢o' sta.~e~ alre&~gh~ve':p~o~rams a'lloca'ti~g .an estimated $1Z mi.llibn, annua~lly.:im- r. - ~holalmed marine fuel. tax ref~dsJfor~boating ~aoiHty d~ve'lopm-ent ~ ' As .~eq-Uir:ed ;~y the' f~e~alJBurea~ of Qut- wide 'Outdoo~Plan [-- Th:e .St~fe .is;_pDesently :suffveying the nee. d fox,boat launching sites. In addition to the ~ncreased flow of Federal funds into recreational boating facilities, the major manu- facturers of recreational boats and water sports equip- ment are investing heavilyin new types of boats and ~-wide range of water sport equipment. Sales of sporting boats increased more than 100 percent from 1950 to 1965. Thus, growth of the boating industry is likely to be bolstered from both the public and private sectors of the economy. For Southold to share in the growth of this market, additional facilities will be required° Currently,, Greenport' s and Mattituck's facilities are a s follow s: BOATING AND FISHING FACILITIES Greenport Mattituck Boat Sales Marine Service Equipment Yards Supplies & Fishing Rentinq Marinas Enqines Stations 4 4 3 3 2 3 2 2 Vacation Industry. Southold's role as a vacation area is bolstered by Suffolk County's leadership° In New York State, there were 83,600 homes that wer.e clas- sified as seasonal homes or held for occasional use in 1960. Of these, about 39,900 or 48 percent were in Suffolk County. Southold is one of the major areas of Suffolk County where seasonal and vacation homes are located, According to the Cornell Input--Output study, sea- sonal residents spend about $13.1 million per yearin Southotd vs. $23.0 million of spending in Southold by all-year residents. * *Carroll, Robert L., A Social Analysis of Southold Town, Lonq Island, Department of Rural Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. -26- The influx of part-time residents in Southold has had a great influepce upon the economy of the Town. Because of the excellef~t boating, fishing~ and swim- ming facilities~ people seeking these vacationing facilities have come to the Town in i. ncreasing num- bers. These "summer" people or part-time residents do not participated to any great extents in the day- to-day functioning of the Town. They are in Southold for vacationing purposes only. These people are generally of high income~ high education,~ and high occupation background~ During the summer they considerably add to Southold's economy. The recreation industry will continue to grow, and guiding its development will be one of the major problems facing the Town, Over--emphasis of recrea- tion facilities will bring too great an influx of sea- sonal residents necessarily causing the decline of a number of Southold's other attractions. On the other hand, insufficient recreational development will stagnate the Town's summer income. Retail Sales For the period between 1954 and 1963, retail sales in Greenport increased from $6.6 million to $8.6 million, or 3t percent. The gain was not a steady year-to=year improvement, as retail sales in 1958 were 2 percent below the 1954 level. However, the drop in sales for 1954 to 1958 reflected the impact of the 1958 recession, which was the most severe setback in business activity experienced in the na~ tional economy since %/Vorld ~vVar It. Insofar as ex- penditures for recreation tend to drop in a recession -27- period, Greenport retail sales dropped because recreation expenditures in the area dropped° The biggest gains in retail sales in Greenport was in gasoline and service station sales, which rose from $229,000 to $434,000 or 90 percent from 1954 to 1963. Other segments of the retail market showed more moderate changes~ Retail sales made in Greenport do not accurately reflect the total retail sales made in either Greenport or Southold because retail sales in the unincorporated villages a~e not included'in the government data. Thus, retail sales in Mattituck, which has a larger population than Greenport are not estimated~ In ad~ dition, the trend of sales or evidences of change in consumer buying habits (such as a trend to increased food purchases in restaurants) canno~ be substantiated because the opening and closing of a single large retail outlet is sufficient to Change the trend of sales in a community as small as Gfeenport. Labor Force*, and EmPloyment The 1960 Census also provided information on the main components of economic life. An analysis of these elements requires a distinction between the terms "labor force" and "emPloyment". The labor force in a community consists of those residents who hold jobs either within or outside the municipal *The labor .force includes all persons over'14 years of.age.twh'o were either ernDloyed or unemploYed (but looking for job.s) during the Gensus reference week. boundaries, whereas employment refers zo those jobs within a community held either by local persons or non-residents. Southold, in 1960, hada total labor force of 6,035, Over one-fifth of this total were concentrated within the Village of Greenport. Over the past decade the role of women tn the work- ing force has increased slightly from 22% to 26.7% of the Village labor force. In the unincorporated Town in 1960, 29% of the labor force consisted of women. Industry Groups. The Census of 1960 classified Greenport and Southold workers by type of industry of their principal employers. In the unincorporated areas approximately one out of every six workers was employed in the wholesale and retail trade dustries which is almost identical to the County as a whole° Whereas in the Village one out of every seven worked in these industries. Manufacturing industries employed only 9% of the workers in the Town and some 13% in the Village. This was con- siderably less than the County as a whole where manufacturing industries employ 25% or one out of every four worker's. On the other hand, construction industries employed 13% of the Town's workers and 8.5% of the Village's. The County as a whole had 10% of its workers tn this category. Professional related services--including educational services, hospitals, etc.--employed 12% in both communities. In addition, a large percentage of the residents in both communities were employed in "Other Industries" --26.4% in the Town and 22% in the Village. This all-inclusive category includes persons employed in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, entertainment and recreation services, finance, insurance and real estate, and industry not reported. Although it is conceivable that many of the "North Fork's" farm and resort workers are probably counted within this gen- eral category, confirmation of this assumption is not possible since a more detailed breakdown is not available. From the data collected by the Census, it would seem that the Town and Village had employ- ment patterns which were somewhat similar to each other, but which did not follow the County's. Labo~ Force Characteristics. Some 42% of Southold's emplo~zed male residents were in the professional, managerial, and proprietary,* clerical or sales cate- gories and 33% in Greenport. In the County as a whole, this grouping accounted for 42%. However, abreakdown of this combined percentage would show that the Town, with some 24% in the managerial and proprietary categories, was significantly higher than the Village's 11.4%, and the County's 12.7%. It is conceivable that the agricultural and ~esort economy of the Town provides the basis for this difference. Craftsmen, foremen, operatives and kindred workers accounted for some 38% and 36% of Town and Village workers, respectively. In the County as a whole these groupings amounted to 44% of the employed workers~ Another possible indication of the agricul- tural economy of the area is that 16% of the Town's and 14% of the Village's male workers were classified as laborers as against 7% in the County. *Includes farms, -28- -29- Employed female residents in the Town and Village were somewhat closer to the County employment pattern than the male workers. Professional and technical workers in 1960 accounted for 20%, 26% and 16% of the employed females in the Town, Village and County, respectively. Clerical and sales workers comprised 45% and 34% in the Town and Village, respectively, as against 41% in the County. Service and private household workers amounted to 18% in the Towng 20% in the Village, and 23% in the County. Operatives accounted for another 10% in the Town, 21% in the Village and 14% in the County. Plac~D of %Nork. ]Due to their location at the end of Long Islands employed Village and Town residents worked in Suffolk County (99% and96%, respectively). It is interesting to note that, in 1960, 115 Town residents (3 3%) worked somewhere in New York City. Income~ Income data reported in the 1960 Census was limited to "money" income only. The fact that many farm families receive an important part of their incomes in the form of goods rather than in cash~ should be taken into accountin comparisons of data on the unincorporated area of Southold with the Vil- lage of Greenport. In the unincorporated area~ 14% of the residents had yearly incomes under $2. 000 in [960. This com- pared to 15% in the Village and 8% in the State. The percentage of families with incomes of $10~ 000 and above was 12% in the Town and 7% in the Village. Median income in the Village ($4,871) and the unin- corporated Town ($5,386) were both below that of the County ($6~795) and the State ($6~371). MUNiCiPAL F NANCE ANALYSIS Realization of many planning proposals requires the expenditure of Town and Village funds. Each com- munity's ability to undertake expenditures will, to some extent, depend upon its fiscal condition. In order to formulate the most economical method of financing large capital expenditures the financial structure of a municipality should be analyzed in detail with the advice of financial experts. Antici- pation of changes in interest rates, for .example, if used to advantage ,could result in significant savl'ngs. Fiscal policies should take into consideration the following points: 1. The governing bodies of the Town of Southold and the Village of Greenport control only a portion of the revenue collected and expended and the total public services provided. Vital services such as schools, are handled by other agencies whose ex- penditures represent a sizable portion of the total tax burden. 2. No analysis of fiscal facts will conclusively reveal whether or not a community's taxpayers can afford, or,even if they can, whether they desire to pay greater taxes in order to increase public serwces. 3. The relationship between costs of s~rvices and benefits received cannot be determined without a detailed management survey. Public improvement financing is largely dependent on that portion of the budget known as the "General Fund". Into this fund go the revenues, from such sources as real property taxes, state aid, and the sale of licenses and permits. Out of the General Fund, communities pay for expenditures such as police protection, health and welfare, recreation and library facilities, snow removal, and highway main- tenance. In the Town of Southold, real estate taxes represented the major source of revenue, and streets represented the major expenditure item. Greenport's major source of revenue and expenditures in 1965, were the Villa§e-owned~electric and water utilities. Town of Southold Revenues. The Town of Southold's major source of income has traditionally been from taxes on real property. The proceeds from this tax have rem6ined relatively constant, ranging from 81.2% in 1960 to 84% in 1963. Taxes from this source produced $ 710,276 in 1965,: re pre s entiflg 82.1'% Of tbta l'reven u e s. The reliance on the property tax as the main source of local monies is typical and can be expected to continue, barring extensive ~ale of bonds or theavail- ability of new forms of taxati~)n. The other significant source of revenue at present is financial aid in the form of grants from New York State. Since 1960, state aid to the Town has remained constant, reaching $118,775 in 1965. This figure accounted for nearly 14% of revenues received in that year. Other sources of revenue for the Town include the sale of licenses and permits, various deparzmenz earnings, and the sale and rent of property. -30- Expenditures~ The cost of operating the Town creased from $618~027 in 1960 to $884,781 in 1965, This 43.2% increase is accounted for partially as increased services to Town residents and partially as the higher cost of providing the same level of service. The repair and maintenance of Town roads is the largest cost zo the Town, accounting for over 49% of the total expenditures in 1965. A "Public Safety" expenditure of almost 29% of the total was the Town's next largest outlay. The cost of admini- strating and operating the Town, which is included in the "General Government" category, accounted for 20% of the total expenditures. Villaqe of Greenoort Revenues. The Village of Greenport derives most of its income from the municipally owned electric and water utilities. Over 76% of the total Village reve- nues comes from these sources. The next most pro- fitable source of income was the real property tax which accounted for over 20% of the total proceeds. In the last 5 years State aid has remained relatively constant, reachin§ 810,976 in 1965 and thereby ac- counting for 2% of all monies received in that year. Other proceeds were derived from the sale of licenses and permits, sewer revenues, and various depart- mental fees. Ex~)enditures. Operating the Village of Greenport has increased in cost from $545,988 in 1960 to 8841,378 in 1965. A large portion of this increase is accounted for by a 8292,465 capital outlay for the electric and wazer utilities, ~n 1965. Greenport did not have any -31- capital outlay in 1960. Expenses for current opera- tions were $510,548 in 1965 and accounting for 61% of the total Village expenses Jn that year. Expendi- tures for "Special Activities" constituted the largest single expense in 1965, reaching $330,385 or 65% of the total cost of current operations~ Expenditures for the electric and water utilities comprised 99.5% of the outlay in the "Special Activities" category. The largest item in th~ "General Government" cate~ gory of expenditures in 1965, was for .public safety, followed by highway maintenance, and sanitation. Tax Load~ Assessed valuation of fully taxable real property in the unincorporated Town of Southold has increased from $34.5 million in 1960 to $41.9 million in 1965, an increase of 21.3%. During the same period of time, the assessed valuation of taxable real property in the Village increased from $3~ 6 million to $3.7 million, an increase of less than 3%. A more realistic indication of the Town and the Vil- lage tax potential is the increase in the full* valua- tion of real property°' The full valuation of taxable property in the Town increased by over 33% between 1960 and 1965. Similarly, the full valuation of real property in the Village increased 23% in the same time period. *This figure is computed by applying the State equal- ization rate to the assessed valuations on taxable real property. I [ Statutory Debt Limit and Bonded Indebtedness New York State law limits the amount of capital notes and bonds a Town or Village may have outstanding. The "debt limit" is now setat 7% ofthe average tax- able equalized assessed valuation for the past five years. Therefore, the debt limit is related to both the assessed value of real property, and to the State equalization rate. The difference between the State constitutional debt limits and the actual indebtedness of the Town and the Village indicates the follow- ing: In 1965, the Town's indebtedness amountedto only 1.4% of its debt limit, wherea'§ the Village's in- debtedness was 71% of its constitutional borrowing capacity. Utility requirements are the major outlay which has raised the indebtedness of the Village. As bonds are paid f)ff and assessed valuation increases, the debt limit will also increase. -32- COt MUNIT¥ IFACIL TIE$ ANALY$ $ The present period of urbanization in rural communi- ties makes itself felt in many ways by their swift and sudden growth. Before residents realize it, open space in the community has disappeared under the onslaught of new building lots. While the neighboring fields or woods are available for children's play or just To look at, it is difficult to picture mile upon mile of developed land in the future. Little thought is gtven to preserving this space, in contrast to the be supplemented by at least 15 acres of regional rec- reation area for each 1,000 population. The Long Island Park Commission and the Suffolk County Park Commission provide (and have plans for additional) excellent regional facilities for Southold residents. A modern recreation system on the community level is composed of several types of facilities which differ in function, size, location, service area, and devel- opment. These facilities can be grouped in two gen- eral classifications: first, those which serve a limited residential area; and second, those which serve the entire muntcipality. The former group includes the neighborhood park and playground; the latter group includes the playfield, large parks, large reservations, stream valleys and special recreation areas such as swimming pools. great energies expended in developing the land. Thus, the provtsion of park and recreation lands tn predom- inantly open communities such as Southold call for genuinely farsighted planning. Recreation Standards The National Recreation Association, which has been advising communities across the nation for over half a century, currently recommends a mtnimum of 10 acres of local recreation space foreach 1,000persons. Standards of this type must of course be tailored to meet the particular characteristics of each community. In addition to the standard of 10 acres of local rec- reation space for each 1,000 persons, the National Recreation Association recomnlends thatlocal facilities The following is a summary of the chief characteristics of the major types of recreational facilities which com- prise a sound recreation system: Neiqhborhood Parks. The neighborhood p~rk is a.rel- atively small area providing an attractive setting for passive recreation, within easy .~alking distance of those it is.intended to serve. This facility.is essen- tial in multi-family and dense residential districts. Neighborhood parks ca_n be developed separately, in conjunction with tot lots, or as part of a playground-: or playfield. The' standard for this type of facility is one acre per 100 residents, and if properly designed can be as small as one acre. -33- Neiqhborhood Plavqrounds_. A child needs a place where he can play freely, without ruining flower beds, breaking windows, or creating disturbances of all kinds in the neighborhood in which he lives. The playground fills this need by being equipped specif- ically for active plays free from the possibility of destruction or disturbance to neighborhood homes and property. The modern neighborhood playground is an area which serves primarily the recreation needs of children from 5 to 16 years of age. The ideal loca- tion for a playground is as near as possible to the center of the residential neighborhood to be served. A great variety of equipment and play areas are ap- propriate for playgrounds, including swings and other apparatus; a paved area for court games and roller skating; a playing field for softball, touch football, soccer, and similar games; a wading pool; a corner developed as a play-lot for younger children; a small landscaped area providing shade, benches, and tables, for quiet games, crafts, and reading, and drinking fountains and toilets. While not all of the above are essential, the list does indicate the gen- eral character of appropriate facilities. The desirable distribution of playgrounds should be such that children do not have to walk more than 1/2 mile from their homes, and the trip should not involve any unusual hazards, such as crossing of a maior traffic artery. The area of each playground should include one acre for each 1,000 persons within its service radius. In many cases, this type of play area may be combined with an elementary school playground or neighborhood park. -34- Playfields. A playfield is a recreation area providing a variety of facilities primarily for the use of young people and adults. A playfield usually includes a separate playground for the use of the neighborhood children. It makes possible valuable and popular forms of recreation that require more space and a wider variety of facilities than is available at a play- ground. A portion of the playfield is sometimes de- veloped as an athletic field for highly organized sports such as baseball, football and track. Being a multi-purpose facility used by all age groups~ the playfield should serve as the recreation center for several neighborhoods or in the case of the incor- porated area for the entire Village. Playfields of from 12 to 20 acres should be provided within one mile of every home. These may be com- bined with other facilities such as neighborhood parks and high schools, and ideally each should serve between 10,000 to 20,000 persons and have an area of five acres for each 1,000 persons in its service area. Community Parks. A community park is a relatively large tract of land forming, if possible, a complete "landscape unit", that is, one which has exceptional natural features such as a section of a wooded valley with stream, creek, or river running through it, or the entire basin of a pond or small lake. The primary purpose of a community park is to provide a pleasing environment in which one can engage in a variety of recreational activities~ including many which depend upon natural land features~ The usual standard for such facilities is 6.5 acres per 1.,000 population° It is seldom possible to secure the de- sired effect in an area of much less than 25 to 50 acres° Smaller areas may be used in the case of parks located in natural stream valleys or alongside large bodies of water. Recreation Facilities The Town of Southold (including the Village of Green- port) has over 580 acres of outdoor recreation space~ Of this total, 340 acres or 58.6% ts provided by the State Park at Orient Point. 54.4 acres or 9.3% is in a County Park; 82.7 acres or 14,3% is provided by school recreation facilities; and the remainder of approximately 107 acres or 17.8% is provided by the Town and the Village. It must be noted that a number of the recreation sites have only been partially de- veloped. The following is a list of the various rec- reation facilities: SOUTHOLD RECREATION FACILITIES (Excluding school facilities) Community Area in & Facilit{; Acres Facilities Laurel Laurel Lake Pond and Picnic Area House Swimming Area 11.5 -Ballfield for Little League -800 ftc in Lake front 2.3 -Beach frontage for swimming -Parking Community & Facility Mattituck Veterans Memorial Park New and un- developed Love Lane Greek Park Swimming Bailey's Beach New Suffolk New Suffolk Beach on the Bay Cutchoque New Beach Ea st- Cutchogu e Nassau Point Causeway Beach Area fn Acre s 5-6 Facilities 7~0 2.0 14.2 17,0 -Parking area., wash rooms~ small conces- sion, barn for storage~ lifeguard during summer, picnic benches and tables, swings and seesaws o -Plan to build docking facilities for boats from the bay: -Permanent and floating docks, washrooms -250 ft. waterfront -900 it. long beach, washrooms, lifeguard, swing and seesaws, parking area. -1,450 ft~ frontage on Long Island Sound, pa rki ng 3.0 4.0 6.7 -1,360 ft. of bay front, lifeguard and life saving equipment Lifeguard -1,360 ft. frontage on Bay, 1,150 ft. frontage on Broadwaters Cove. -35- Community Area in & Facility Acres East-Cutchogue (cont'd) Peconic Goldsmith's Inlet on the Sound Beach Southold South Harbor Park (Emerson Park) Triangle Park Kenney's Road Beach Horton's Point Bea ch 0.7 3.5 2.5 1.9 6.0 Town Creek Park Founders Landing Park and Beach 0.2 2.0 -36- Facilities -Plan to put picnic benches and tables. Restricted to Park District residents -275 ft. of beach front, lifeguard. -Beach, tables, fire- places and parking -Picnic benches -250 ft. of beach front -600 ft. frontage on the Long Island Sound, picnic tables, fire- places -200 ft. waterfront, docking facilities -Parking, washrooms, slide and swings, lifeguards, park house for dancing and refresh- ments Community Area in & Facility Acres Southold (cont'd) Cedar Beach on 54.4 the Bay Arshamomaque Beach on the Sound Greenport Fifth Street Beach on the Bay Village park on Main and 1st Street Gull Pond Beach East Main Truman's Beach 7.0 3-4 0.5 2.5 3.0 Facilities -Two miles of beach front, lifeguards and life saving equipment (owned by Countyand operated by the Town) -1,060 ft. of beach front, lifeguards, float, swings, lunch concession with wash- rooms -250 ft. of beach, picnic area with benches, tables, fire- places, lifeguard -Benches -475 ft. beach front -Lifeguard, boat, life- lines -500 ft. of beach, life- guard, boat, lifeline (Restricted to the Town residents) [ i [ Community Area in & Facility Acres Orient Point State Park 340.0 and Beach Facilities -Eight miles of water- front Tot'al 500° 45 Source: Park District Commissioners The overall recreation standard for local facilities was stated previously as 10 acres per 1,000 popula- tion, The 196'5 year~-rof~nd POpi~latio~i for'?the.e-ntire Town has been estir0,~.t~d~,at'~.,rdx~Ffi'ately 14~ 780 per- sons .i In the summer~ sea[io-n,::.~]%.s p:opulation figure,' i,s estima-ted to.douhle.~ ~. tn ter,xn~rof, overrSll:acreage require- 2!ents there i,s no eJ(isting redreatiOn defi~iency~ In terms of recreation.e,r~eas, o~.r-all acreage.is Onl.y-,the first clue ~ their adequacy. Specific standa~ds.ha~ also: been sug~ ges/ed testing the variety and~distribuii~n.of the-available facilities, a~d these are set forth on the following page° Southold and Greenport have a large number of parks that take advantage of the extensive natural water front- ages, Cedar Beach Park, Kenney's Road Park, Arsha- momaque Beach, Fifth Street Park, Gull. Pond Park, Truman's Beach and Orient Point State Park are~ all located on the water and have beach and swimming facilities~ However~ Southold is somewhat below standard for n.eighborhood parks and playfields. Southold' High School and Mattituck School are the only two schools that have enough acreage for playfield facilities. Playground facilities are primarily concentrated in the Greenport area. The eastern and western portiors of the unincor~ porated Town are inadequately served by neighbor.- hood facilities. However, population density in most areas of the Town is so low that any standards must be applied with a great degree of flexibility. The prevailing rural character of the unincorporated Town tends to fulfill many of the recreational needs. This condition will change as the Town shifts from rural to a more suburban type of development. The enforcement of the proposed subdivision regulations is an excellent means for achieving a distribution of recreation sites which are related to ].and use develbp- ments ~ Means of Ac~uirin~ Park Sites and Retaininq Open Spa_ce Area s Municipalities may purchase or condemn property for "parks and playgrounds" as well as municipal forests. Land acquired for public water supply may be used for recreation unde~ regulations of the New York State Health Commissioner, which us. ually permit fishing and boating, but not swimming. The Federal and State governments have recently initiated programs to assist communities in purchasing park lands and open space preserves~ These funds are limited and there is a large demand for these programs, under which the State will contribute 75% and the Federal Government 20% of the remaining acquisitfor~ cost. -37- SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED STANDARDS FOR LOCAL RECREATION FACILITIES Facility Pla ygroun d Desirable Eguipment Play Apparatus Handball Court Area for Informal Play Area for Passive Re crea ti on Play Lot C'orner %Ara ding Pool Toilet and Drinking l~ater Lan ds caping Size Acres per One Facility Absolute Desirable 1,000 Can Serve Minimum Minimum Population_ Population_ _of Acres 3 5 1.25 3,000 Playfield Same.as above, plus Sports Field for Baseball, Football, Croquet, Archery, etc. 10 15 1.25 10,000 Neighborhood Park Community Park Benches, Landscaping, Picnic Table Open Land Areas Usable Water Features Boating and Swimming Fa cilitie s Trails and Paths 1 or .more t.00 25 50 6.50 *More than two dwellings per gross acre. Source: Based primarily on standards from the National Recreation Association. -38- Service Area (WaJ~inq Distanc~e) 1/4 mile in close re sidential area s* '1/2 mile in open residential areas 1/2 mile in close residential areas* I mile in open residential areas 1/2 mile 2 miles Thus, a single site could be purchased with financial aid totaling as much as 80% of the cost. In some cases where a regional agency is requesting funds, the Federal contribution equals 30% The State pro- gram permits purchase and development of lands for recreational purposes while the Federal program also prq~ides funds for the retention of Qpen space for con- servation purposes. Proposals have been developed based on the recrea- tion standards and the existing areas, including their location, facilities, arid size. Careful consideration has been given to the present use and character of the land in the Village and Town, the proposed future development for housing, industry, shopping and .schools, and how these land uses would relate to recreation facilities. To complete the analysis, the estimated future population and distribution of each community has been used as a guide for measuring recreation needs° These proposals are fully detailed tn the chapter on the Comprehensive Plan. The ten public School districts in the Town of South- old are part of the administrative organization of the First Supervisory District of Suffolk County. The total enrollment in the ten school districts has been steadily increasing over the past decade. In the school year 1953-54~ the total enrollment was 2,417. It increased to 2,901 in the year 1965-66. The in- crease, however, has mainly occurred in the districts of Southold and Mattituck. The school districts of Orient Point, East Marion# Peconic, Laurel Cutch- ogue~ and New Suffolk show various degrees of de~- cline in school enrollment. A summary of school enrollments for the ten school districts~ for the years 1953-54~ 1958=59, 1963-64, and 1965-66 is listed below: ENROLLMENT IN THE TEN SCHOOL DISTRICTS FOR THE YEARS 1953, 1958, 1963, and 1965 District 1953- and No. 1954 Orient Point (2) 114 East Marion _(3) 46 Southold_ (5) 510 Peconic_/~_ 55 East Cutch- oque (8) 103 Mattituck (9) 509 GreenDort (10) 914 Laurel (11) 51 Cutchoque (12) 84 New Suffolk (15) 31 Total Source: 1958- i963- 1965- Increase 1959 1964 1966 1953-1966 89 64 62 -52 49 39 3~ -10 662 792 860 350 47 30 20 -35 114 99 t07 4 559 601 691 182 906 915 974 60 68 43 45 -6 108 84 83 -1 25 40 23 -8 2_~417 2,627 2~707 2.901 484 Institute of Field Studies - Teachers College~ Columbia University, "A Summary of Selected Education Data", Iuty~ 1965. Mr. Harry B. %Arard~ District Superintendent of Schools, Riverhead, Long Island. -39- School District ~2 - OrieD~t Point~ Orient Point School District has a new school building recenlly completed~ It consists of 4 classrooms~ one Kindergarten, and a multi-purpose classroom. The school accommodates Kindergarten through grade six of the district's stu- dents; as well as Kindergarten, first, and second grade students from East Marion School District, on a contract basis~ In the year 1965-1966 the school had a tota! enrollment of 62~ The school building is situated on a 4.5 acre site adjacent to,Route 25. It contains two baseball dia- monds, a basketball court, a tennis court~ and standard playground equipment. These facilities are open to the public and, Summer Youth Program. The School District has plans for additional facilities consisting of two c]~ssrooms and a combined gym- nas~um and auditorium, in phase two of the develop- ment. An additional six classrooms are proposed for the third and final phase of the school construction program, The Board of Trustees is also, considering the acquisition of 5 to 6 acres of land adja6ent to the present site. These facilities~ when completed, will provide the school with a total enrollment capac- ity of 325 students-~significantly larger than the 1965-66 enrollment of 62~ School District~3 - East Marion~ The East Marion School District's facilities are composed of one three room elementary school building accommodating grades one through st×, with an enrollment of 36 in 1965-66~ The building was erected in 1869, re- modeled in 1908~ and an addition constructed in 1953. -40- The school site encompasses etght acres of ],and adjacent to Route 25. It contains a basketball court, baseball field, volleyball court, and standard play- ground equipment, all open to the public~ School District ~5 - Southold The Southold School District consists of two schools joined by a connect- ing passageway. The junior-senior high [s housed in'a two story building which was erected tn 1923, and enlarged in t939. A separate elementary school and gymnasium was erected in 1962 and attached to the existing high school facility. The K-6 facilities include one kindergarten class- room and 12 standard classrooms~ The junior-senior high school contains 17 standard classrooms, five specialized rooms, one gymnasium~ a cafeteria~ and a library. The elementary and secondary grade stu- dents share the gymnasium and cafeteria facilities. In the year 1965-66 the school had s total enrollment of 860. School District ~7 - Peconico The Peconlc School District's facilities consist of ~ single school build- ing erected in 1938. It contains 3 classrooms, a library and a multi-purpose room~ It.a.ccommodates grades one through five and had an enrollment of 20 in the year 1965-66~ Students in the other grades are contracted to the Southold School District. School District ~8 - East ~utcho~ue. The East ~utchogue School District's facilities comprise one elementary, school buildirfg erected in 1954o It con- tarns one Kindergarten, four classrooms ~ one gym- nasium and a library, and accommodates students from Kindergarten through grade 8. i [ [ School District t~9 - Mattituck. Mattituck School District's facilities consists of one two-story build- tng erected in 1934 and an addition constructed in 1954. The school accommodates both primary and secondary school students~ K-12. The elementary school facilities consist of one kindergarten, 12 classrooms and a libra'ry. The High School facilities consist of 10 classrooms, one room each for science, arts home economics~ and industrial art. In addition it has a gymnasium, a library~ and a cafe- teria. School District ~10 - Greenporto The Greenport School District is the largest disirict in Sou;hold, both in terms of school age population as well as school en- rollment. Its facilities consist of one three-story building erected in 1933~ It accommodates students from kindergarten through grade 12. The elementary school facilities consist of one kindergarden and 13 classrooms. The high school facilities consist of 16 classrooms; 2 science rooms, ] room each for art music, language laboratory~ industrial art shop~ typing laboratory, and a study hall, In addition it has 3 economics laboratories, 1 gymnasium~ 1 cafe- terra ~ 1 auditorium and a library. It houses grades K-12 from the Greenport Dis2rict and grades 7-12 from Orient Point and East Marion School Districts. School District 4~11 - Laurel. Laurel School District has one three room school building housing grades one through s~x. Kind~ergarten and grades 7-12 are contracted to the Mattituck School District. The Laurel school ts a stngle story, wood-frame building erected in 1928. It contains two classrooms on the first floor and one classroom and an activity room in the basement. School Dis;ri_ct ~12 - Cutchoque, The Cutchogue School District's facilities are composed ~f one elementary school housing. Kindergarten through grade 8. It is a two-story brick building erected in 1929 containing 6 classrooms and an all-purpose room. School District ~15 = New Suffolk. The New Suffolk School District's facilities consist of one three-room elementary school building~ housing kindergarten through grade 6. It is a two-story woodframe building erected in 1907, on an estimated 3gacre site. School Site Standards. The University of the State of New York has published standards for school site selection. The area standards are similar to those published by the National Council on School House Construction. The size of elementary school sites ts based on a mimmum site of 5 acres. The specific site stze required is determined by providing 3 acres per site, plus 1 acre for each 100 pupils expected to be enrolled in the school. The recommended opti~ mum capacity of an elementary school is about 600 pupils; this school would therefore require a site of ntne acres. The 7-12 and K-12 site size determina- tion is based on 10 acres plus 1 acre for each 100 pupils. The land development policies tn the Comprehensive Development Plan will substantially affect the future distribution and intensity of population within each school district. This in turn will affect not only -41- the number of schools but also the location of these schools. In cooperation with the school boards,, the Town and Village Planning Boards should consider future school sites l,n relationship to the other land use and circulation elements of the Development Plan. The Town Clerk's office ts located [na former resi- dence on Route 25 in the Southold Central Area. The Village Hall is located in an old, woodframe building on South Street in Greenport. It contains the Village offices, the Town Supervisors office, and a meeting room. The Town police headquarters ts located tn the Peconic Central Area off of Route 25. Fire Fiqhtinq Facilities Fire fighting facilities for the Town of Southold and the Village of Greenport are provided by six separate Fire Districts: Orient, East Marion, Greenport, Southold, Mattituck and Cutchogue. Their facilities consist of the following: Orient. The Orient firehouse is a wood frame building, ~n good condition, with a garage downstairs and a meeting hall upstairs. It houses two pumpers of 750 and 500 gpm, and a high pressure fog truck. East Marion. The East Marion firehouse is a wood frame building erected in 1954. The equipment -42- consists of a 2,500 gpm tanker, a 1,500 gpm tanker, a 400 gpm pumper which can draft water or draw from hydrants, and a utility truck with two portable pumps, Greenport. The Village of Greenport has 4 firehouses which are inadequate for present needs. The main firehouse is a large rundown brick structure on an otherwise unoccupied block on South Street. Only the ground floor is used,to house one Hook and Ladder Company. The second firehouse,on the north side of South Street, between First and Second Streets, ~s a wood frame garage housing a rescue truck. The third firehouse .on Carpenter Street, is an old building dating from the 19th Century, The first, floor consists of a garage with inadequate space for trucks. The narrow width of Carpenter' Street creates an added problem for trucks attempting to reach Main Street. The fire fighting equipment consists of two pumpers each of 750 gpm capacity. The fourth firehouse,on Flint Street, is a wood frame structure, built about 1910. It houses a 1,000 gpm pumper and a 1 1/2 ton utility truck to carry equip- ment. Southold. The firehouse is an old brick veneer and masonry building built in 1937. tt contains adequate space [or 6 trucks on the ground floor, and has a meeting hall on the second floor. The fire fighting equipment consists of: three 750 gpm pumpers 500 gallon tanks, one hook and ladder, one hose and light, truck which carries 2 1/2" hose and generator for emergency lighting, and an emergency Aid Wagon,, Mattituck_~ The firehouse is located in the Mattituck busmess district, It has adequate space for the trucks on the ground floor and a meeting hall, on the second floor~ The firefighting equipment consists of: one 750 gpm pumper with a 750 gallon water tank; one 500 gpm pumper with a 700 gallon water tank; one 500 gpm pumper with a 500 gallon water tank, one '750 gpm truck; and one rescue and utility truck. Cutchoque. The Fire Headquarzers consists of two connected units~ The original building, in use since the founding of the Fire Department in 1928, consists of two stalls for the fire fighting apparatus, a meeting room on the second floor and a room on the ground floor used as the night man's sleeping quarters, Attached to this building is a three-stall apparatus room built in the early 1940~s~ Both buildings are of cement block, stucco, and wood construction and adequately house the existing firefighting facilitieso The firehouse has si× pieces of equipment: one 750 gallon High Pressure Fog, one 600 gallon High Pressure Fog; one 750 gallon pump; one 500 gallon pump; one utility First Aid truck, and a pick-up truck with a portable pump. Water The Greenport Water Department was established in 1899 to supply water to residents of the Village from a well field located at the Power Plant site on Moores Lane, near the Main South Road Later, additional wells were developed along Moores Lane end in East Marion° In 1958, the Village purchased the North Fork Water Company system which comprised a we].] field located near the i. ntersection of Route 25 and South Harbor Road and a distribution system which supplied about 200 homes in the Village of Greenport, In 1965 a new well field with two 500 gpm wells was developed, The remaining portions of Southold have no public water supply service and the residents obtain water from individual wells. Most of the agricultural ],ands in Southold are irrigated during the summer months with water from pm. vate wells. Much more water is used for irrigation than for domestic use, Sewera_q_g The Village of Greenpor~ has a sanitary syszem which serves the Village, as well as some areas just out- side of the Village limits At the present time, the sewage is discharged into Long Island Sound. Recent- ly, the engineering firm of Holzmaker, McLendon, and Murrel] of Melville-New York have been engaged to make a study of a secondary treatment plant. It is proposed that the effluent can be recharged into sand filter beds, and so replenish the water table. The Village charges a flat fee of $20 per household for providing sewer service. These revenues and regu- lar property taxes pay for sewer bonds. The remain,- der of the Town of Southold has no regular sewer sys- temo All property owners make their own arrangements -43 - for sewage disposal by providing cesspools or septic tanks and tile fields° Garbaqe Disposal The Town of Southold has no public system for garbage and refuse collection. All garbage is disposed of in a Town dump located in Cutchogue, just off Route 27. The dump is an abandoned sand pits 6 to 7 acres in area, and is steadily filling up. It is estimated that the dump wil! be filled to capacity within the next 3 to 4-years. No sanitary land fill operations are employed on this site. -44- Power The Village of Greenport maintains its own electric generating and distribution system. The Greenport Light Company is a Vilia~-owned public utility. It is a completely indepen~t system with its plant located just west of the ~Iigh School, and has no tie- in with the Long Island ~ghting Corporation, which supplies power to the remainder of the Town of South- old. The Company serv~ an area approximately one square mile. Its plants originally built in 1887, has been modernized through the years and is considered an up-to-date municipal plant. SEWERS MANHOLES OUTFALL TO LONG ISLAND SOUND SEWAGiE DISPOSAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOWN OF $OUTHOLD VILLAGE OF ®REEENPORT The preparation of this exhibit WaS financially aided through a Federal grant from the Deparlrneflt of "' ~ MAINS 0 WELLS WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOWN OF 8OUTHOLD VILLAGE OF GREENPORT [~i~)~[~¢~ SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK ........... ;i~ pl~Sl ~ alld Urban Development, lind., tho Urban Planning Assi ...... ~,ogram for the Bl~l/le~ul}ef~arlment c,f RANS?ORTATION ANALYSIS The New York Regional PlanAssociation predicts that automobile ownership will grow over the next 25 years at a rate that is twice as fast as population growth. A street system unable to effectively handle the pre- sent as well as the expected traffic volumes can become a blighting factor in residential area s, inhibit the e~onomic viability of~ndustrl.al',areas and' may greatly hamper the competitive position of a business district. Therefore it is vital that Southold keep a constant vigil on the functioning of its basic street system. Functional Street Classification The studyof a traffic system is basedon a classifica- tion of the streets and an analysis of traffic volumes and highway capacity. In a properly planned street system, each highway should be designed in accord- ance with 'the function it will perform. For this put~ pose, a street system ts usually divided among three fungtional street categories: MajorArterials, including Expres sways and Major Streets, which carry substantial volumes of traffic from one section of a community to another or to adjoining communities; Collector Streets, which carry local traffic between the numerous minor streets and the ma]or arterials; and Minor Streets. which give direct access to abutting property. The accompanying "Street Classification Map" indi- cates the following breakdown of the Southold Street System: Maior Streets State Route 25 CounTy Route 27 Collector Streets Peconic Bay Boulevard Bay Avenue Cox Neck Road Luthers Road Wickha'm Avenue grand Avenue Reeve Road New Suffolk Avenue Oregon Road Eli] ahs Lane Old Suffolk Road Depot Lan e Pequa sh Avenue Bridge Lane Bay Avenue Little Peconic Bay Road Indian Neck Road Peconic Lane South View Road Main Bayview Road Pine Neck Road Railroad Avenue Lighthouse Road Albertson Lane Moores Lane Rocky Point Road King Street Narrow River Road The highway plans to be presented will attempt to satisfy existing needs as well as meet those likely -45- to develop as a result of tile inevitable increase in vehicular traffic and the greater' development of the Southold area. In order for such a highway syster~ tO function effectlgely, the standards presented in the tab]~ below are recommended[ PROPOSED STREET STANDARDS Mimmum Right- Number of Type of Street of-16rav (feet)_ Traffic Lanes Major 100 4 Collector 60 2 to 4 Minor 50 2 Traffic Volumes and Hiqhway Capacity Visual impressions of traffic movements are not a reliable measure of their volume and nature. The only means of securing accurate, permanent and comparable records of traffic volumes, and of detect- ing changes in volumes due to basic changes in the street pattern or in traffic regulations is the taking of traffic counts° Such counts also measure the degree of traffic saturation on any particular street or highway, and may be used to indicate the addi- tional capacity a facility should be designed to accommodate or to help decide whether the provision of a new facility would be more desirable. These latter functions are particularly useful, for, as traffic -46- volumes increase beyond practical capaCity, traffic density increases sufficiently to cause substantial delays. Although the resulting lower and more uni- form speed enables higher traffic volumes to be ac- commodated, up to a point corresponding to possible capacity,** ultimately congestion sets ].n, speed drops greatly, and a sharp reduction in traffic volume results. Traffic Volume Data and Hiqhway Capacity. ~Arith the assistance of the New York State Department of -Public ~rorks traffic counts were obtained in 1965 at selected locations in the Town and the Village ,along State Route 25. These counts indicated an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)*** volume of 4,797 cars *Practical capacity is the maximum number of vehi- cles that can pass a given point on a roadway or in a designated lane during one hour without the traffic density :being so great a's to cau se'unrea son- able delay, hazards, or restriction to the driver~ freedom to maneuver under the prevailing roadway and traffic conditions. **Possible capacity is the maximum number of vehi- cles that can pass a given point on a lane or road- way during one hour under prevailing roadway and traffic conditions, regardless of their effect in delaying drivers and restricting their freedom to maneuver. ***AADT is the total traffic for the year divided by 365. east of Bailey Avenue, 4,903 cars north of Main Street, 6,638 west of Main Street, and 6. 428 west of Railroad Avenue. The practical capacity" on this type of street is 6,000 to 13,000 and the "possible capacity" is 8,400 to 15,000° Thus, Route25appears to be adequate for existing traffic volumes. To per- sons living in Southold and familiar with traveling the various roads there may be disagreement with this statistical conclusion for the following reasons: the inability to pass on long sections of Route 25; the congestion in portions of this route located in built-up areas; and the increase in congestion at various intersections. Traffic counts are not intended to pinpoint specific problem areas such as these, however they nevertheless do give a general indica- tion as to the over-all traffic use pattern, Continuous Traffic Counts. In view of the statistical benefits to be derived from a systematic compiling of traffic volume da'ta and the r.~latiVely small cost of traffic counting equipment, it would be useful if the Town and the Village undertook a coordinated program of traffic counts on most major collector streets as well as minor streets of local importance. Seasonal volume checks repeated from year to year and so designed as to be directly comparable are essential if impending traffic problems are to be identified before they become unmanageable. Traffic Accidents An examination of the number, location,, and frequency of traffic accidents pro~zides an additional criteria to evaluate the existing street system. While some accidents occur on local streets in the residential areas~ the greatest concentration is along State Rouze 25 and County Route 27, the two main arterial streets, In 1966, the Southold Police Department reported there were 310 traffic accidents in the Town as com- pared with an annual average of 250 in the six years period extending from 1960 through 1965o The number of traffic accidents in 1966 is, therefore, 24 percent above the average annual rate during the 1960-1965 period. It is significant to note that the number of property damage accidents was 35 percent higher in 1966 than the 1960-65 averages~ No change in the method of recording accidents reports could account for this difference. Traffic accidents in the Village were recorded in 1965~ from January to October~ The majority of the accidents occurred on Front Street at the intersections with Main, Firsts Third and Fifth Streets. There were also a number of accidents at the intersections of Main and Broad Streets, and Main and Center Streets. As might be expected~ the areas with the greatest number of accidents were those with the highest traffic volumes. Accidents were especially numerous at intersections which were not designed to accom- modate heavy volume of turning and through move- ments~ and along major streets with a high frequency of entrance and exit driveways related to commercial uses. They were more frequent during summer months (between May to August) ~ accounting for 40 to 45 percent of the total for the year. This is due to the approximate doubling of the Town's resident popula~ tion during summer months. -47- Speed and Delay Surve_sf_ Surveys were conducted to determine the location and cause of major traffic delays along State Route 25 from the Town Line to Orient Point~ Several runs were made along this road between 10 A.M, and 6 PoMo and the location and cause of each delay were recorded. The typical causes of excessive delays include the foil. owing: Inadequate traffic control at intersections, (Main and Front Streets in the Village of Greenport ~) o Existing traffic signals improperly timed~ (Intersection of Young's Road and Route 25 in Southold Central Area ~) Left or right turning movements block traffic o (The intersections of Route' 25 and Wickham Avenue, North Street, Peconic Lane, Young's Road, Moores Lane, Third, Second and First Avenues, and Main Street.) Conflict between pedestrian and vehicular traffic. (The intersection of Main and Front Streets in the Village of Greenport~) Interference between vehicles maneuvering into curb parking spaces and moving traffic. Based upon the observations of this survey, proposals will be developed in the Comprehensive Plan section -48- indicating remedies for major points of congestion in both the Town and the Village° Particular consider- ation will be given to needed improvements in signal- ization and channe]ization. Pedestrian Volume Counts During the latter part of May, 1967, pedestrian volume counts were taken at major intersections in both the Town and the Village. The counts covered a period of 6 consecutive hours, from 12 noon to 6 PoM. on a series of normal weekdays. Pedestrian volume was surveyed along State Route 25 at the intersections with Love Lane, North Street, Young's Road, First Street and Main Street. The pedestrian counts in Southold's Central Area were uniformly low and indicated negligible friction between pedestrian and vehicular traffic. The sur- veys in the Village of Greenport, at the intersections of Front Street and First Street and Front Street and Main Street, also indicated relatively low pedestrian volumes. However, a number of problems were ob- served. At both intersections there was noted a degree of pedestrian interference with vehicular turning movements. In addition, over 10 percent of the pedestrians jaywalk* when crossing the inter- section at Front and Main Streets. In general, the survey indicated that the existing walkways and pro- tection and control facilities were adequate for the low volume of pedestrian traffic in the Town and the Village. * Cross diagonally or outside the marked cross walks. £ ong Buy £#tle ?econic Bay STREET CLASSIFICATION DEVELOP.MENT PLAN TOWN OF $OUTHOLD VILLAGE OF GREENPORT SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK The preparation of this exhibit was financially aided through a Federal grant from the bepartment of Island ~'/~ ~~. Sound B~AYMON D & MAY ASSOCIATES ARTERIAL STREETS COLLECTOR STREETS _Public Transportation The following public transportation services the Town and the Village: The Long Island Railroad provides one service a day between Greenport and New York City. In addition there is a bus and rail service which runs six times a day and connects Greenport to Long Island and New York City. The bus runs between Greenport and Huntington, where the passengers destined for New York transfer to the Long Island Railroad° Sunrise Coach Lines, Inc., provides bus service on State Route 25 running between Greenport, Riverhead, Southampton, Sag Harbor and Easthampton. Four serwces a day are provided, witt~ connections from Riverhead, on Blue Bus Lines, to Westhampton Beach Eastport, Quogue, the Mori'ches and Patchogue. Two ferry services are provided from the mainland of Southoldo One ferry operates between Orient Point and New London~ Connecticut, between April 30 and November l',' The ferry starts: at the fOOt of State Route 25 and runs every zwo hours. The other ferry operates between the Village of Greenport and Shelter Island~ The ferry starts at the foot of 3rd Street in the Village and runs every 20 minutes during the day and every 1/2 hour during the evening until i i P oMo Regular ferry service throughout the year is also provided between Fishers Island and New London, Gonnecticut. Currently, there are no plans to exzend these trans- portation services. It is unlikely that Southold with its large area and low population density, will, in the forseeable future, have a vastly improved public transportation system. Some increase in bus service may eventually be needed, especially connecting the built-up areas along the south shore with future shop- ping and employment centers in Riverhead. -49- S~u~hold Greo! P~con~¢ Boy £itU~ P~coni¢ Bay TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOWN OF SOUTHOLD VI.LLAGE OF6REENPORT SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK The preparation of th s exh b t w~s tflanc a ly aided t~rough a Federal grant from the Department of tlousing and Urban Oeve opmen under the Urban Planning Assistance Program for tile Bureau of Community Plan~ing, New York State Office of Planning Coordination, It was financed in part by the State of New York, Sound \ PROPERTY DAMAGE OR PERSONAL INJURY PROPERTY DAMAGE OR PERSONAL INdURY TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOWN OF $OUTHOLD V~LLAGE OF GREENPORT EFFECTUATtON The preparation and adoption of a Comprehensive Development Plan does not alone insure the develop- ment of the Community in accordance with the Plan's objectives and proposals. The Plan is primarily a guide which gives the Planning Board and governing body a framework within which to view necessary public improvements and proposed private develop- ments. On the other hand.~ the tools required to r. ealize or effectuate the Comprehensive l~lan.,~re~ not guides, but laws; laws, however which should reflect the Plan. Whenever changing conditions in the community justify the'modification of the Plan or the legal instruments for implementing it, fhe Plan- ning Board should consider appropriate measures to keep these documents current and meaningful. The Planning Boards and Town and Village Boards have at their disposal the followir~g variety of tools [or effectuating the Comprehensive Development Plan: (1) Zoning Ordinance (2) Subdivision Regulations (3) Official Map (4) I-tousing~ Building, and Related Codes (5) State and Federal Programs (6) Capita] Improvement Procedure Land development is the result of private as well as public actions, For this reason it is imperative that each community guide private development through the powers granted to it by State statute. The zoning powe~ is one of the most significant measure.s where- by communities can give 'direction to private uses of land--both in the continuation of desirable land use patterns which exist today, and in guiding the velopment of areas to be deveIoped in the future. The specific intent of zoning is prescribed in State law* as follows: (1) Towns and Villages are "hereby empowered, by ordinance to regulate and restrict the height- number of stories and size of buildings and other structures, the percentage of lot that may be occu~ pied, the size of yards, courts, and other open spaces, the density of population, and the location and use of buildings, structures and land for trade, industry, residence or other purpose." (2) Zoning regulations "shall be made in accord- ance with a comprehensive plan and designed to lessen congestion in the streets, to secure safety f~orn fire, flood, panic and other dangers; to promote *Town'Law, Article 16, Sections 261 and 263; Village Law, Article VI-A, Sections 175 and 177. -50- the health and general welfare; to provide adequate light and air; to prevent the overcrowding of land; to avoid undue concentration of population; to facilitate the adequate provision of transpor~ation)~ waters sewer- age~ schools, parks and other public requirements," Zoning regulations "shall be made with rea son - able consideration, among other things, as the character of the district and its pecu!ia~ suitabil lty for particular uses~ and with a view.%o conserving the value of buildings and encourag],ng the most propriate use of land throughout the munic~pality~" At preser~t, both the Town of Southold and Village of Greenport have zoning ordinances° Ove~ the years 'these have been amended numerous times, and there~ fore the consultants h~ve prepared a n,ew set'offi6ning regulation s~ During the first half of the two-year program, the draft framework of the Zoning Ordinance was sub~ mitred. After land use plans had been developed in the second phase of the program~ the consultants submitted to the Town and Village the proposed dis~ tricts (and the related controls, such as lot size~ yards, and building height) and zoning maps which indicate by land area the various zoning district lines. The draft framework is largely devoted to administrative procedures and special types of regu~ lations covering such topics as: non-conforming uses; accessory buildings; off~street parking and loading facilities; and duties of the Building tnspectoL Planning Board and Zoning Board of Appeals, as related to zoning matters. -51- In regards to the existing Zoning Map and to the proposed Zoning Maps, the consultants recommend the fol lowing a dministrative policie s: (1) All proposed zoning amendments should con ~ tinue to be referred to the Planning Board for their study and recommen dation; (2) "Spot-Zoning' should be avoided,~ inasmuch as every such action may have the effect of changing the character of the particular acea involved to a degree which might jeopardize the zoning pattern of the entire area. (3) Variances granted by the Board of Appeals should be limit, ed exclusively to instances where "practical difficulties" or "unnecessary hard~ ship" dictate some ~egree of relief° The indiscrimi~ nate granting of variances would, in effect, be equi~ valent to "spot-zoning" (4) Any zoning change which departs from the Town Or Village Development Plan should be subjected to a particular searching study by the Planning Boards° The'residential subdivisioniis'tt/emost Oomm0n meth6d by which development takes place in a community. The need for new'housing will undoubtedly continue far into the future, and the subdivisions and streets that are laid out and created today and tomorrow will to a large extent be responsible for shaping the future community. Since the manner tn which new streets and lots are laid out have a direct effect not only on the land directly involved, but also on ad- joining properties and the entire surrounding area, there is a community-wide interest in the proposed layout of each subdivision. New lots, land uses and streets can change or intensify traffic; they can increase the storm water drainage from an area; they can create a need for more water supply and sewage disposal facilities; and eventualIy they will enlarge to some extent, the need for a whole series of public services, Local officials and others interested in land development should therefore strive to insure that each new addition to the community is the best that can be provided. The State's planning laws per- mit Villages and Towns to review proposed subdivi- sions to see that good subdivision design is obtained. When the planning program began0 the Town of South- old had subdivision regulations in effect, These required such substantial revisions to make them up-to-date and effective that the consultants pre- pared and submitted s new set of regulations, These proposed regulations follow a general format in both the Town and Village, which is briefly described below: Article I contains a statement of the objectives and policies of the regulations. Article II contains a series of definitions clarifying the technical terminology used in the regulations. Article III is devoted to the procedure which the sub= divider is to follow in submitting plans for Planning Board approval. Article IV specifies the design requirements and standards which will guide the Planning Board in their review of subdivision layouts. Article V sets forth the specific maps, documents and other materials which the subdivider is required to submit. Article VI deals with the ability of the Planning Board to grant, in certain cases~ waivers from the require~ men. ts set for!:h in the regulations ~ ALt. icle VII.is a normal separability statement protect- ~ng the remainder of the regulations in the event of a successful court challenge of any section or portiom The Official Map is another means made available by State law for a municipality t~)',~,mplement porMon~ Of the Comprehensive Platl; The of{i~ial Ma'p~ be adopted by the goverhing bod¥/.deals with thelDc~tlon and size of existing,,as 'welias ~roposed stregtS~ drainage systems~ and park~areas ~ , Propos=qd ~d ~eS for 0 ffi c fS'l' rhap s wil 1; be '~ U bmitt e d t~f th e T.OWn a n'd Vil:la g e ~ The first step in adopting an Official Map is for the governing body to approve by resolation a map showing -52- the streets, parks.~ and drainage systems "theretofore laid outs adopted and established by lawo"* Once this is accomplished the Official Map may beamended~ These amendments may be implemented in two ways: (1) the Town or Village Board may adopt changes the Official Map, after' holding a public hearing and receiving a report on the matter from the Planning Board, and (2) streets and parks shown on an approved (and filed) Subdivision Plan. automatically shall come a part of the Official Mapo The Board of Appeals is the only Board which can issue building permits for buildings on land within the bed of streets mapped on the Official Mapo State statute provides that the Board of Appeals shall have power' to grant such a permit when the land within the mapped street "is not yielding a fair return on its value to the owner". In addition the issuance of such a permit shall as little as practicable increase the cost of eventually opening a street, and the making of changes in the Official Map. In granting a building permit under these conditions, the Board of Appeals may impose reasonable requirements on the manner in which land and buildings will be used° The Planning Board has several roles to play in the Official Map process: (1) Where the community has not as yet adopted an Official Map, the Planning Board should recommend to, and provide the governing body with, ~Town Law, Article 16, Sections 270 and 273; Village Law, Section 179-e and 179-h, Article VI-A. -53- the best available map showing the existing streets parks and drainage ways° (2) State law provides that the governing body shall refer all proposed changes to the Official Map ~o the Planning Board for their study and report° (3) The Planning Board has the responsibility to insure that all land subdivisions are designed to conform with the Official Map. (4) Once the basic Official Map is adopted, the Planning Board should recommend the adoption of amendments for proposed new streets, widenings, new parks, and proposed drainage ways (including flood plains) , as outlined in the Town and Village Development Plans. Building and Housing Codes are needed to assure that building occupancy and construction meet mini- mum standards. A building code establishes minimum requirements for building construction and safety, based on authoritative technical research, so that occupants and users of all buildings are assured protection of their safety and welfare. A Housing Code prescribes the minimum conditions under which existing and new buildings or 9arts of buildings may be occupied for residence purposes. Included within the framework of such a code are minimum standards governing space per occupant, required basic sanitary [, [ equipment and facilities~ light and ventilations structural conditions of the.buildings, heating equip- ment. and safe and sanitary maintenance of the build- lng structure and installed equipment and facilities. Urban Renewal Congress and the State Legislature have enacted pro- grams for urban renewal to assist communities in providing suitable living environment through the rehabilitation or clearance of deteriorating structures, Any community which wishes to participate in the urban renewal program must show that it has under- taken on its own a lNorkable Program, which is a community improvement program designed to prevent the occurrence of slums and blight. Such a program includes the following elements: (1) A Comprehensive Development Plan completed or in preparation, including a [and use and highway plan~ neighborhood analysis, and public works program. (2) An up-to-date set of codes and ordinances in- cluding a building, plumbing and electrical coded establishing minimum acceptable standards of housing; and a zoning ordinance; (3) Administrative personnel adequate to effectively enforce the various codes and ordinances; [4) An effective program of citizen participation irt urban renewal and planning activities pro- viding for representation of various organizations and concerned citizens to [Dsure the best plans as well as community-wide understanding and support. (5) A program for rehousing of persons and families who may be displaced by code enforcement- clearance, or rehabilitation; and (6) A sound financial program covering costs of code and ordinance enforcement as well as the costs of related public works and other community lmprovemenzs. To be eligible for renewal a built-up area must contain deficiencies to a degree and extent that public action is necessary in order to eliminate and prevent the development or spread of deterioration and blight. At least 20% of' 50% of the buildings tn the area (depend- lng on whether the area is to be rehabilitated, or cleared and rebuilt) must contain one or more struc~ rural deficiencies~ [n addition the area itself must contain at least two environmental deficiencie$~ such as incompatible land uses, inadequate parking facil- ities, overcrowded structures, or obsolete street pattern. The plan for an urban nenewal area may pro- pose the ~euse of land for those purposes which are in accord with the best interests of the community~ parking lots~ parks or playgrounds, street widenings residentia]~ commercial, industrial~ or public uses. The cleared land is sold by the muntcipalit~ to pri~ vate owners or public agencies with the' restriction that they develop it in accordance with a detailed renewal piano The renewal program must also show how all families to be displaced can be relocated in decent, safe and sanitary dwellings, within their financial means° The first step in an urban renewal project must be undertaken by the Town or Village Board. This step is a decision by the local governing body to study in detail the possibility of a renewal program, prior to any decision as to whether such a program is actually desirable° An application, called a "Survey and Planning Application" is filed in order to ~eceive Federal funds with which to survey and plan a poten- tial renewal project. Upon approval of the Survey and Planning Application, the Federal Urban Renewal Administration makes advance funds available to the community to cover the entire cost of planning local administration, real estate appraisals, and prelimi-. nary engineering for the project° These advance funds are made in the form of a loan~ repayable only if the actual execution of the renewal project is proved by the governing body andby the'Urban Renewal Administration. Upon such approval, this loan is included as a part of the Gross Project Cost, as ex- plained below. Should the project be rejected by the local governing body or by the Urban Renewal Administration, the planning advance fs notrepayable When a renewal program is actually underway, the net cost of relocation of families and businesses is borne entirely by the Federal Government° Families may receive up to $200 each for actual moving ex- penses and businesses may receive reimbursement for actual moving expenses up to a maximum of -55- $25~000. The net cost of the project (which is the gross cost of items such as administration, planning,, land acquisition, building demolition, utility and street improvements, less the resale price of the cleared land) is shared in the following manner: (i) '3/4 Of the-net cost is borne by the Federal Government (2) 1/8 of the net cost is borne by the State Government (3) 1/8 of the net cost is borne by the municipality. However~ if in the execution of the project, the com: munity has contributed any land or performed any service or constructed any improvements which are related to the project, such expenditures may qualify as part of the community's one-eighth share. The entire local share, either cash or public improve~ ments, may be provided by long term financing° Experience in most renewal projects has been that tax revenues from the renewal area have far exceeded those previously received. Thus, many municipalities have recovered their renewal investment in a rela- tively short time and have thereafter reaped the divi- dend of added tax revenues, in addition to all the other benefits of a revitalized community. Federal Public Works Planninq Advances and Loans Interest-free advances are made available by the Community Facilities Administration of the I-Iousing and Home Finance Agency to municipalities to finance [ [ [ [ I surveys, plans, designs, specifications and other aspects of public works planning. Advances are available for planning for such facilities as sanita- tion and sewage systems, public hospitals and health facilities, public schools, town or village halls, and similar public works for which no other federal funds are available~ A muni~ipalityor special district may apply [or an advance for any facility which it has the legal authority to plan, finance, and construct. Approval is based on the need and financial feasibility of the project and the verifica- tion of the applicant's intention to begin construc- tion within 5 years. Advances may be for preliminary or complete planning depending on the nature of the project. Advances are repaid without interest, from funds authorized by the community, when construc-. tion is started or contracts awarded. Once a community has developed its plans, financed either by a federal advance or by its own funds, it may find difficulty in financing the actual construc- tion of the facility. In the case of a community of less than S0,000 population faced with this problem, the Community Facilities Administration is authorized to provide long zerm loans at low interest rates. Loans may cover costs of land, right-of-way, and all planning, construction, and site improvements. Interest rates are established at the time applications are accepted by the federal government. The maxi- mum amortization period is 40 years. Other Proqrams New York State and the Federal Government have available other programs relating to code enforcement, urban beautification,and specific improvemenzs such as park site acquisifion, water supply,and sewerage treatment facilities. These programs are discussed in the sections on community facilities and neigh- borhood analys~s. A large part of the Comprehensive Development Plans for the Town of Southold and the Village of Greenport to be developed during the next phase of this pro- gram can only be carried out following its adoption by the respective Planning Boards, and action of the Town or Village Boards on budget appropriations and authorization of special projects. Therefore, sepa- rately submitted to the Planning Boards is an outline for a procedure which has as its aim a proper inte- gration of needed capital* expenditures with ozher annual expenses special district costs, [f any, and other financial responsibili, ties of the taxpayers. Since not all the needed new facilities and improve- ments to existing facilities which will be recom- mended in the next phase of the Development Plan can be financed immediately, it is essential that each of the two constituent communities have a *Capital expenditures shall mean: (~) physical betterment including furnishings, machinery~ ap- paratus or equipment, or (b) any preliminary studies and surveys relating to any physical improvement, or (c) land or rights in land. -56- long-range program which will assure the distnbu- ~:ion of the various projects in the most efficient manner and with a minimum findncial burden. This was recognized recently by the New York StateLegis- lature when they added to the General Municipal Law* a section dealing with capital programs. Under the State statute the governing body has the power to adopt a Capital Program procedure, At any time after the adoption of the Capital Program, the governing board is required to have the affirmative vote of two thirds of its total membership in order to *General Municipal Law, Chapter 24 of the Consoli- dated Laws, Paragraph 99. g of Article 5, entitled "Ca pital Program". -57- amend the Capital Program by adding, modifying or abandoning the projects, or by modifying the methods of financing. No capital project shall be authorized or undertaken by the Town or Village Board unless it is included in the adopted Capital Program. The Capital Improvement Program should be used as a guide in the preparation of the annual budget. Fol- lowing the preparation of each annual budgetg the remainder of the Capital Improvement Program should be re-examined for possible additions orrevision of priorities necessitated by changing conditions. [ [ [ COMPARATIVE POPULATION TRENDS 1930 TO 1960 New York State 1930 ........................ 12,588,066 To change 1930-1940 7.1% New York Metropolitan Suffolk 'Unincorporated Village of Reqion* CoB_n_tv Southold Area of.~Town Greenport 11,642,943 161,055 11,669 8,607 3,062 7.5% 22.5% 3.2% 2.1% 6.4% 1940 ........................ 13,479,142 T~ change 1940-1950 10.0% 12,517,671 197,355 12,046 8,737 3,259 11.5% 39.9% -3.6% -2.1% -6.5% 1950 ........................ 14,830,192 % change 1950-1960 13.2% 13,951,006 276,129 11,632 8,604 3,028 15.7% 141.4% 14.3% 24.2% -16.1% 1960 ........................ 16,782,304 16,138,833 666,784 13,295 10,687 2,608 *The New York Metropolitan Region, as defined by the Regional'Plan Association comprises all of New York City, and Dutchess, Nassau, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Suffolk and Westchester Counties in New York State, as well as Fa,irfield Counw in Connecticut; and Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Passaic, Somerset and Union Counties in New Jersey. Source: U.S. Census of Population. =58- NET MIGRATION. 1950-1960' Village of Greenport, Town of Southold** 1950' 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960' Total Population 1950 Population 1960 Change 1950-1960 Natural Increase Net Migration Villaqe of GreenDort Na tu'ra 1 Births Deaths Increase 49 39 10 57 33 24 53 40 13 51 35 16 47 40 7 46 51 -5 55 50 5 49 52 -3 54 39 15 39 46 -7 17 12 5 517 437 80 Town of Southold Natural Births Deaths Increasq 116 71 45 162 112 50 165 96 69 185 121 64 181 130 51 195 128 67 196 138 58 175 139 36 223 138 85 178 137 41 49 41 8 1,825 1,251 574 3,028 8,604 2,608 10,687 -420 2,083 80 574 -500 +1,509 *Gens.us is taken in April, therefore figures for 1950 represent 3/4 and for 1960, 1/4 of the actual number of births and deaths. **Unincorpora ted Area s. Source: New York State Department of Health; U.S. Census of Population. -59- [ [ [ [, [ [ [ [ [ _PERCENTAGE DISTRIBU?ION BY AGE - 1950-1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold, Suffolk County Aqe Group Under 5 5-14 15-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 and over Total Villaqe of GreenDort 1950 Percent 8,4 15,1 6 6 6 1 12 7 14 8 12 4 12 3 11__6 100,0 1960 Percent 8,2 17,5 7,5 3 8 9 2 12 3 13,9 12 0 i5 6 100,0 Town of Southold _.___ Suffolk__Gou_ _ntv 1950 1960 1950 1960 Percent . P_er cent Percent Percent 9,9 9,3 9,2 13,2 14,6 18,3 13,5 20,5 7,0 5,8 5,4 5,6 5,0 3,5 6,1 4,2 14.7 11.4 14.9 14.6 14.4 13.7 15.4 15.0 11.4 13.4 14.1 10.4 11.0 10.6 11.4 8.1 12.0 14.0 10.0 8.4 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 Note: Percentages rounded to total 100.0. Source: U.S. Census of Population. -60- SELECTED POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS_ BY ENUMERATION DISTRICTS - 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold* Enumeration District Villaqe of Greenport 167 168 169 Census Tract 101 _U_njncorporated Town 1SgN 159P 158A 1S8B 160 161 162A 162B Census Tract 100 163A 163B 164 165N 165P 166N 166P 170A 170B 171 173 Census Tract 102 *Unincorporated Area s Source: Advance Table PH=I, U~S. Census of Population. Total _ POPULATION Median Age Male Female Per Household 1,235 3409 3604 3o13 923 37.6 41ol 2°96 450 38.6 42,8 2,71 2.608 36.7 39.5 2,99 1,024 34.6 36°3 3~03 250 28,8 26.8 3,21 713 34,3 37.6 2.86 342 34°5 38.7 3.20 817 37,6 40.0 2.83 1,124 34,1 33.5 3~33 468 36,3 36.0 2,89 258 45~0 39.5 2~72 4,996 35.1 36,4 3.02 437 38.8 37.4 2.88 693 34.2 3403 3,03 767 45.3 46.2 2.74 215 34.1 35°7 3.31 324 35.8 33,9 3,04 292 28.6 36°4 3o19 1,001 30.7 31o3 3,35 414 39°2 32.5 2.92 423 40°6 40.8 2,73 605 40.3 42.0 2.75 508 35,3 34,2 2.99 5,679 36°4 36.9 2.97 -61- E [ RACIAL COMPOSITION - 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold, Suffolk County Villaqe of GreenDort Number Percent Total Population White Negro Other 9 Source: U.S. Census of Population. 2,608 100.0 2,268 87.0 331 12.7 0.3 UnincorD~orated Town Town of Sou~t_h_old Number Percent Number Percent 10,687 10000 13,295 100.0 10,040 93.9 12~308 92.6 638 6.0 969 7.3 9 0.1 18 0.1 Suffolk County_ Number Percent 666,784 100.0 631,997 94.8 33,035 4.9 1,752 0.3 -62- Housing Units, 1960 Dwelling Units, 1950 Change 195021960 Number Percent 1 RoOm Units, 1960 Year Structure Built, 1960 Total, All Units Number: 1950-March 1960 1940-1949 1939 or earlier Percent: 1950-March 1960 1940-I949 1939 or earlier HO/USING SUPPLY AND AGE OF HOUSING UNITS. 1950-1960 Village of Greenport~ Town of Sou/hold,* and Suffolk County~ New York Southold Census Census Greenport Tract 100 Trace 102 Total Suffolk 1.005 3,I61 3,806 6,967 224,451 1,025 N.Ao N.Ao 5,204 108,402 -20 NoA. N.A. 1,763 116,049 -2.0 N.Ao N.Ao- 33.9 107.] 22 17 97 114 2,837 1,005 3,161 3,806 6,967 28 922 962 1,884 26 545 669 1,214 951 1,694 2,175 3,869 224,451 *Unincorporated Area s o N.A. - denotes Not Available. Source: UoS. Census of Housing, 1950 and i960. -63- 117,152 34,158 73,i4t 2.8 29.2 25.3 27.1 52.2 2.6 -17.2 17.6 17.4 15.2 94.6 53.6 57.1 55.5 32.6 HOUSING TYPES, 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* and Suffolk County, New York Southold Units in GreenDort Number-Census Tract Structure Number Percent 100 102 Total Percent 1 949 94.4 3,114 3,724 6,838 98.2 2 42 4.2 27 57 84 1.2 3 and 4 4 0.4 20 25 45 0.6 5 to 9 10 1.0 ........ 10 or more ............ Total 1,005 100.0 3,161 3,806 6,967 100.0 *Unincorporated Area s. Source: U.S. Census of Housing, 1960. Suffolk County Number Percent 212,396 94.7 6,092 2.7 2,561 1.1 3,368 1.5 224,417 100.0 -64- OCCUPANCY AND TENURE, 1960 Unincorporated Villaqe of Greenport Town of Southold All Housing Units 1,005 6,967 Occupied Units 869 3,515 Owner 573 2,799 Renter 296 716 Available Vacant Units* 46 117 For Sale 10 42 For Rent 36 75 Other Vacant 90 3,335 Vacancy Rates** Home Owner 1.7 1.5 Renter 10.8 9.5 *Non-seasonal, non-dilapidated. **Defined as percentage ratio between vacant units available for renu (sale) and the total renter (homeowner) inventory. Source: U.S. Census of Housing, 1960. -65- NUMBER OF ROOMS IN HOUSING UNITS, 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* and Suffolk County, New York Number of Room s Number 1 22 2 5 3 53 4 156 5 199 6 194 7 158 8 or more 218 Total, All Housing Units 1,005 Median 5.8 *Unincorporated Area s. NOTE: Details may not total, due to rounding. Source: U.S. Census of Housing, 1960. GreenDort Southol d Percent Number 2.2 114 0.5 167 5.3 492 15.5 1,596 19.8 1,506 19.3 1,256 15.7 766 21.7 1,070 100.0 6,967 C.T. 100 5.2 C.T. 102 5.3 Percent 1.6 2.4 7.1 22.9 21.6 18.0 1t ,0 15.4 100.0 Suffolk County Number Percent 2 837 1 ~ 3 4 036 1.8 13 616 6.1 45,883 20.4 51 134 22.8 51,035 22.7 33 197 14.8 22 713 10.1 224 451 100.0 5.4 -66- VALUE OF OCCUPIED HOUSING 'UNITS AND GROSS RENTS, 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* and Suffolk County, New York Green port Southold Number Percent Number Percent Value: Owner-Occupied of Units Distribution of Units Distribution Less than $5,000 46 8°6 46 1.9 S 5,000 to $ 9°900 199 37.4 414 17.6 10,000 to 14,900 232 43.5 800 33.9 15,000 to 19,900 56 10.5 482 20.4 20,000 to 24,900 .... 380 16.1 25,000 or more .... 238 10.1 Total, Owner-Occupied Units 533 100.0 2,360 100.0 Median, in dollars t0,400 14,550 Renter-Occu pied Gross Rent: Less than $20 13 4.4 $ 20 to $ 39 31 10.5 40 to 59 ~ 75 25.3 60 to 79 108 36.5 80 to 99 35 11.8 100 to 149 17 5.7 150 or more 4 1.4 No cash rent 13 4.4 Total, Renter-Occupied Units 296 100.0 Median, in 'dollars 63 8 1.2 12 1.7 56 8.0 162 23.2 162 23.2 96 13.8 30 4.3 172 24.6 698 100.0 80 *Unincorporated Area s. Source: U.S. Census of Housing, 1960. -67- Suffolk County Number Percent of Units Distribution 1,961 1.4 18,837 13.4 55,771 39.9 39,589 28.2 12,067 8.6 11,966 8.5 140,191 100.0 14,500 75 0.3 547 2.1 1..929 7.4 4,290 16.4 6,192 23.6 8,835 33.8 1,659 6.3 2,641 lO.1 26,168 100.0 96 i i HOUSING CONDITION, 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* and Suffolk County, New York Housing Units Sound With all plumbing facilities Lacking some or all plumbing facilities GreenDort Southold Number Percent Number Percent Suffolk County Number Percent 867 86.3 6,119 87.8 208,131 92.7 780 77.6 5,770 82.8 200,180 89.2 87 8.7 349 5.0 7,951 3.5 Deteriorating With all plumbing facilities Lacking some or all plumbing facilities 119 11.8 628 9.0 12,276 5.5 78 7.7 466 6.7 9,713 4.3 4t 4.1 t62 2.3 2,563 1.2 Dila pi da ted Total 19 1.9 220 3.2 4,044 t.8 1,005 100.0 6,967 100.0 224,451 100.0 *Umncorporated Area s. NOTE: Details may not total due to rounding. Source: U.S. Census of Housing, 1960. -68- TRENDS IN RETAIL TRADE BY TYPE -- 1954, 1958, AND 1963 Sales in 000 dollars Village of Greenport 1954 Convenience Goods Food Stores Drug and Proprietary Stores Eating and Drinking Places Gasoline and Service Stations Sub-Total 1958 Shoppers Goods General Merchandise Stores Apparel, Accessory Stores Furniture, Home Furnishings, Equipment Stores Sub-Total 3,029 2,755 79 850 804 229 274 4,187 3,833 Other Goods Automotive Dealers Lumber, Building, Hardware Materials Other Retail Stores Non-Store Retailers Sub-Total 1963 2,996 919 434 4,349 (D) (D) (D) 536 727 613 206 (D) (D) 742 727 613 312 (D) (D) (D) (D) 888 760 670 937 72 (D) (D) 1,144 670 1,825 Total 6,560* 6,431' 8,585' *Includes (D)--data withheld to avoid disclosure. Source: Census of Retail Trade: 1954, 1958, and 1963; Indices computed by Raymond & May Associates. -69- [ [ [ [ INDUSTRY GROUP OF EMPLOYED RESIDENTS - 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* Suffolk County Type of Industry Mining Con struction Manufacturing Durable Non- Dura bl e Transportation, Communication s, Utilities and Sanitary Service ~Vholesale and Retail Trade Business and Repair Services Private Households, Other Personal Services Hospitals, Educational Services, Other Profe s siona 1 Relate d S ervic e s Public Administration Other Industries** Total Employed Town of Southold Villaqe of Greenport Percent Percent Suffolk Number Distribution Number Distribution County 8 0 ..2 .... 0.2 520 13.4 70 8.5 9.6 359 9.2 107 12.9 24.9 233 63 126 44 210 5.4 31 3.8 8.2 632 16.3 118 14.2 16.6 104 2.7 8 0.9 7.3 175 4.5 57 6.9 4.0 472 12.2 100 11.9 16.8 379 9.7 157 18.9 3.9 t~023 26.4 181 22.0 8.5 3,882 100.0 829 100.0 100.0 *Unincorporated Area s. **Includes Agriculture; Forestry and Fisheries; Finance, Insurance and Rea! Estate: Entertainment and Recreation Services; and Industry not repo~ted. Source: U.S. Census of Population, 1960. -70- OCOUPATION GROUP OF EMPLOYED FEMALE RESIDENTS - 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold, Number Town of Village of Southold Greenport Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers 206 Managers, Officials, and Proprietors, Including Farm 36 Clerical and Kindred Workers 382 Sales Work ers 81 Craftsmen, Foremen and Kindred Workers 12 Operatives and Kindred Workers 99 Private Household Workers 70 Service Workers, except Private Household 112 Laborers, except mine 29 Total 1,027 Occupation not reported 111 Total Employed 1,138 *Unincorporated Area So **Details rounded to total 100.0%. Source: U.S. Census of Population, 1960. * Suffolk County Percent Distribution** Town of Village of Southold Greenport Suffolk County 49 20.1 25.8 16o 3 -- 3.5 5°4 40 37.2 21.0 25 7.9 13.2 -- 1.2 -- 39 9.6 20.5 12 6.8 6.3 10.9 13.2 2.8 -- 100.0 100.0 -71- 25 190 24 214 3°3 32.6 8.0 1.3 14.4 5.4 17.8 .9 100.0 [ [ [ [, [ I [ i i OCCUPATION GROUP OF EMPLOYED MALE RESIDENTS - 1960 Village of Greenport, Town of Southold,* Suffolk County Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers, Officials, and Proprietors, Including Farm Clerical and Kindred Workers Sales Workers Craftsmen, Foremen and Kindred Workers Operatives and Kindred Workers Private Household Workers Service ~Aforkers ~ except Private Household Laborers, except mine Tota 1 Occupation not reported Total Employed *Unincorporated Area s. **Details rounded to total 100.0%. Source: U.S. Census of Population, 1960. Number Town of Village of Southold Gree _nt~ort Perce~t Distribution** Town of Village of Southold Green port Suffolk County 250 57 9.9 10o3 15.0 598 63 23.8 11.4 12.7 64 37 2.5 6.7 7.0 140 24 5.6 4.4 7.1 704 153 28.0 27.9 27.6 239 98 9.5 17.8 15.9 9 3 .4 .5 .2 4.8 7.4 7.7 15.5 13.6 6.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 120 41 390 75 2,514 551 230 64 2,744 615 -72- TRENDS, IN REVENUES ~ Town of Southold Real Property Taxes -Town Real Property Taxes - Highway State Aid Mortgage Tax Per Gapita Highway Department Welfare Licenses and Permits Fines, Fees, and Forfeited Bail Departmental Earnings Rental of Town-Owned Property Interest and Penalty on Taxes Miscellaneous Total General Revenues Source: New York State Department of Audit and Control. -73- 1963-1965 . 1963 380,842 272,647 19,635 47,197 9,693 12,601 5,182 1~241 13,291 560 2,588 12,099 777~580 1964 382g148 295~000 30:621 47,197 9,921 11 164 3 298 4 941 11 095 4 246 2 394 16 149 818,176 ~965 391,747 318,530 30,280 63,628 tl,802 13,063 4,329 5,251 10,577 321 2,707 13,087 865,326 [ [ [ TRENDS [N EXPENDITURES 1963-1965 Town of Southold General Government Public Safety Public Health V~elfare Sanitation Highways and Streets Libraries and Museums Recreation Airport Other Enterprises Capital Outlay Debt Service Total Expenditures 1963 124,903 162,391 1,515 21,248 16,929 280,129 26,961 16,679 42,768 7,254 21,100 722,697 Source: New York State Depa. rtment of Audit and Control. 3964 139 542 181 183 1 514 22 824 17 884 306 563 32,335 23,755 15,013 46,602 4 109 13 737 805 395 1965 156,425 203 634 1 500 25 340 20 246 330 484 27,500 19,572 2 402 49 169 42 802 5 619 884 781 -74- TRENDS IN REVENUES 1964-196_5 Village of Greenport 1964 1965 $114,228 $118,358 452 Real Estate Taxes Federal Aid -- State Aid Per Capita 7,824 9,519 Youth Project s 243 167 Mortgage Tax 859 1,290 Fines, Penalties and Forfeits 706 1,010 Interest and Penalty on Taxes 1,234 991 Licenses and Permits 311 307 Sales and Rental 1,250 2,065 Departmental Earnings 20,658 17,586 Sewer Revenues 23,617 23,654 Utilities lAfater Electric Miscellaneous Total Revenues 81,134 87.236 351,531 280,106 4,117 5,621 $608,167 $547,912 Source: New York State Department of Audit and Control. -75- TRENDS IN EXPENDITURES 1964-1965 Village of Greenport General Government Public Safety Public Health Sanitation Highways and Streets Recreation Electric Maintenance ~Vater Maintenance Miscellaneous Debt Service Prin ci pa i Interest Capital Outlay General Utilities 1964 $ 14~551 $ 60,865 362 36 499 39 585 1 619 288 190 59.827 18.686 1965 16,828 67,729 275 29,690 43,046 899 260,835 67,682 13,562 29,000 33,000 11,333 15,364 4,913 1,673 -- 290,79] Total Expenses $565,432 $841,378 Source: New York State Department of Audit and Control. PROPERTY VALUATION 1960-]965 ($ Million) Town of Southold,* Village of Greenport Town of Southold Assessed Valuation Full Valuation Villaqe of Greenport Assessed Valuation Full Valuation 1960 1965 34.5 41.9 104.7 139.6 1960-1965 PerCent Chanqe ' +21.3 +33.4 3.6 3.7 +2.7 8.9 10.6 +23.2 *Unincorporated Area s. Source: New York State Department of Audit and ContrD1. -76-