HomeMy WebLinkAboutSmall Scale Yard Waste Composting Operations Engineering Report 1990STANFORD SEARL
IEI
Town of Southold
'�®ung r�
.'SMALL SCALE -
. YARD WASTE COMPOSMING
OPER
11
APRIL 1590
Dvirka and Bartilucci
Consulting Engineers
coO
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
Region I Headquarters
SUNY, Building 40, Stony Brook, NY 1179 0 - 2 3 5 6
(516') 751-2617
May 29, 1990
Thomas C. Jopling
Commissioner
The Honorable George S. Stavropoulos
Supervisor
Town of Southampton
Town Hall
116 Hampton Road
Southampton, NY 11968
Re:- Application of municipally collected leaves to farmland
Dear Supervisor Stavropoulos:
Please be advised
sed that this agency has approved the
application of municipally collected leaves to farmland as an
acceptable method of leaf..recycling. This approval is subject
to the following restrictions:
11. The application is limited to leaves only, and does
not include the other components of yard Waste. This
doesnot preclude the farmer from using animal manure.
and other fertilizers. on the same site.
2. The application site must be located on a farm.
3. All physical contaminants (plastic bags, large pieces
of wood, etc.) must be removed from the leaves prior
to incorporationandmust be properly disposed.
4. The maximum leaf application rate must not exceed
three'inches-or 12.8 dry tons per acre, per year,-.,.
whichever is more restrictive.
5.The leaves must be completely incorporated into the
soil, with minimal leaf material apparent on the soil
surface after application.
.3111, J' n"baAAG
�I
I
2.
-6. Stockpiling of the leaves at the farm is.allowable,
provided.a fence is maintained around the pile to
prevent blowing leaves, and the pile size and length
of storage is limited to minimize.the portential for
odors. The length of .storage.is limited to a maximum.
of one-week and the quantity is limited to a maximum
of 3,000 cubic yards.
Should you be interested in pursuing this leaf recycling
method, please contact the undersigned at'(516) 751-2617, or
751-7900. We would be happy to provide any necessary technical
assistance to you in conjunction with the Correll Cooperative f,
Extension as well as assisting you in locating farms that may
-be interested in the use of leaves -as a soil amendment..
Sincerely,
Gtr• -Q _ nM .
Paul M. Roth, P.E.
Regional -Solid Waste Engineer
PMR:mz
cc: H. Berger
G. Brezner-
D. O'Toole
SCOTT L. HARRIS Town Hall, 53095 Main Road
SUPERVISOR _ ac P.O. Box 1179
Southold, New York 11971
FAX (516) 765 - 1823 y
j TELEPHONE (516) 765.- 1800
OFFICE OF THE SUPERVISOR
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
April 10, 1990
Mr. Harold Berger
Regional Director
NYS Department of Environmental
Conservation, Region 1
Building 40 SUNY
Stony. Brook, New York 11790
Dear Mr. Berger:
On behalf of the Town of Southold, I am pleased to submit
for your approval the enclosed "Small Scale Yard Waste Composting
Operations Engineering Report."
I and members of _the Town Board are confident that this
submittal will result in the expeditious approval of the proposed
i small scale yard waste composting operations. Clearly, your.
approval will result in the Town taking a major step in its
efforts to expand its current recycling program.
I
If there are,any questions, please do not hesitate to
contact me.
Very truly yours,
Scott Louis Harris,
Supervisor
SLH:cc .
do
DArka
and
Bartilucci
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
6800 Jericho Turnpike, Syosset, New York 11791
516-3649892 e, Fax: 516-3649045
April 10, 1990
Mr. Paul Roth
Regional Solid Waste Engineer
New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation
Building 40, SUNY Campus
Stony Brook, NY 11794
Re: Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Operations
D&B No. 1027—A201
Dear Mr. Roth:
Dvirka & Bartilucci is pleased to submit the enclosed report entitled "Small
Scale Yard Waste Composting Operations Engineering Report." The Report
documents the proposed site layout and acceptable methods for yard waste
composting, to be used by the Town as required by 6 NYCRR Part 360-5.5.
Additionally, this report follows 6 NYCRR Part 360-1.9 and 5.4 regulations for
yard compost facilities.
As part of the Town's ongoing recycling effort, and in order to diminish
landfilling prior to December 1990, the design of the composting operations has
the flexibility to be expanded in the future. The determination for any expansion
or full-scale operation, is expected to be made as part of the solid waste
management planning effort that is underway.
Should you or your office have any questions, or wish to meet concerning
this matter, I am available at (516) 364-9892.
AOC/de
Enclosure
cc: NY DE
H. Berger
G: Brezner
N. Harrington
43/11
Very truly yours,
A ny O. Conetta, P.E.,
Town
Scott L. Harris
Raymond W. Edwards
George L. Penny IV
Ruth D. Oliva
Ellen M. Larsen
Thomas H. Wickham
(: Recycled Paper
W.M. Task Force
William Cremers
Johanna Northam
Henry Pope
John Romeril
Thomas Samuels
Stanford Searl
Reginald Tuthill
2069M/1
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK
SMALL SCALE YARD WASTE COMPOSTING OPERATIONS
ENGINEERING REPORT
Prepared by:
Dvirka and Bartilucci
Consulting. Engineers
Syosset, New York
April 1990
Town of Southold
Suffolk County, New York
Small Scale Yard Waste Composting Operations
Engineering Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
Title
Page
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1-1
1.1
Facility Integration
1-1
1.2
Waste Generation Rates and Waste Characterization
1-2
1.3
Facility Design
1-2
2.0
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
2-1
2.1
Regional Map
2-1
2.2
Vicinity Map
2-1
2.3
Site Plan
2-2
2.4
Freshwater Wetlands
2-3
2.5
Floodplains
2-3
2.6
Surficial Geology and Drainage Characteristics
2-3
2.7
Groundwater
2-6
2.8
Air Resources
2-10
2.9
Traffic
2-14
2.10
Topography
2-14
2.11
Utilities
2-15
3.0
FACILITY OPERATIONS PLAN
3-1
3.1
Yard Waste Composition and Handling
3-1
3.2
Operation Schedule
3-1
3.3
Traffic Flow Pattern
3-2
3.4
Unloading Procedures
3-2
3.5
Inclement Weather Precautions
3-2
3.6
Equipment Requirements
3-3
3.7
Surface Water Collection and Control
3-4
3.8
Seed Material Description
3-4
3.9
Compost Timing Considerations
3-4
3.10
Windrow Construction
3-4
3.11
Aeration Techniques
3-5
3.12
Site Access Control
3-5
3.13
Fire Safety Procedures
3-6
3.14
Personnel Requirements and Responsibilities
3-6
3.15
Equipment Procurement
3-8
3.16
Operating Records
3-8
2069M/1 i
2069M/1 H
Page
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-3
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-2"
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-1.
7-1
7-1-
7-1
7-2
7-5
7-10
8-1
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-2
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section
Title
4.0
MONITORING
4.1
Quality Control Measures for Deliveries
4.2
Compost Monitoring, Sampling and Analysis
4.3
Soil Sampling and Analysis
4.4
Groundwater Monitoring Program
5.0
FACILITY CONTINGENCY PLAN
. 5.1
Equipment Breakdown
5.2
Odor Control
5:3
Vector Control
5.4
Emergency Responses
6.0
MAINTENANCE MEASURES
6.1
Roadway Maintenance
6.2,
Equipment Maintenance
6.3
Utility Maintenance
7.0
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
7.1
Cost Estimates for Composting Operations
7.2
Compost Market Discussion
7.3
Product Characterization
7.4
Marketing and Distribution Alternatives Practiced
Elsewhere
7.5
Marketing Approach to be Utilized by the Town of
Southold
8.0
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE
8.1
SEQRA Compliance
8.2
Consistency with. NYSWMP and Act
8.3
Alternatives to the Proposed Action
8.4
Unavoidable Impacts
Appendices
A.
D&B Drawing No. 1: Regional and Vicinity Map
B. _
D&B Drawing No. 2: Site Plan and Property Boundaries
C.
Sample Facility Log Sheets
D.
SEQRA Negative Declaration and EAF
2069M/1 H
Page
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-3
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-2"
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-1.
7-1
7-1-
7-1
7-2
7-5
7-10
8-1
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-2
LIST OF TABLES
Number
Title
1.2-1
Waste Quantities and Categories
2.6-1
Stratigraphy and Hydrogeologic Units
2.7-1
Hydrogeologic Zone Definitions
2.8-1
Average Monthly Temperatures
-2.8-2
Monthly Precipitation
3.14-1
Manpower Requirements
7.3-1
Categories of Compost Users
2069M/1 iii
Page
1-3
2-4
2-8
2-11
2-12
3-7
7-4
LIST OF FIGURES
Number Title Page
1.4-1 Composting Area Layout 1-5
2.6-1 General Soil Map 2-5
2.7-1 Water Table 2-7
2.7-2 Hydrogeologic Zones 2-9
2069M/1
iv
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Town of Southold has directed the preparation of this engineering report in
order to implement a small scale yard waste composting operation of no= morethan .000,
`cubic yards of leaves.~_The composting of yard wastes will expand the scope of the Town's
recycling effort while reducing the amount of solid waste that is landfilled. Yard waste
composting operations of greater than 3,000 cubic yards require permits for construction
and operation as provided "for in the 6 NYCRR Part 360 regulations. Yard waste
composting operations of less than 3,000 cubic yards are exempt from regulation as
provided for in 6 NYCRR Part 360-5.1(b)(1). The purpose of this engineering report is to
describe . and document the composting operations, to be used for the yard waste as
provided for in 6 NYCRR Part 360-5.4, 5.5 and Part 360-1.9.
1.1 Facility Integration
The start-up of yard waste composting operations is a natural expansion of the
Town's current recycling efforts. Currently a long-term solid waste management plan is
being developed; however, in conjunction with the spring season, it was considered timely
to initiate a yard waste composting operation in order to diminish the volume of waste
that is landfilled and to convert a waste material to a usable product. The proposed
location, on a portion of the west side of the Town's landfill on Middle Road (County Road
48), allows for a convenient drop off point for a variety of wastes and recyclable
materials. The single site/multiple material drop off allows homeowners and carters the
convenience of a single visit.
Additionally, according to NYS Solid Waste Management Plan (NYSMP) guidelines
and the NYS Solid Waste Management Act, this is one of a variety of strategies to reduce
waste streams and promote recycling of resources. The Town, as part of its planning
process, is evaluating beneficial uses of leaves, brush, wood waste, grass and other yard
wastes to enhance its recycling efforts. Such uses may include those by greenhouses,
farms, landscapers, private residents and the! Town itself. To the extent such uses are
identified, the Town will assess environmental impacts, methods and costs of arranging
for the collection and subsequent distribution of the composted yard waste material in the
Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement (DGEIS) being prepared as part of the
Town's solid waste management plan.
2072M/2 1-1
1 ' 1.2 Waste Generation Rates and Characterization
As part of development of this comprehensive solid waste management program,
Dvirka and Bartilucci is preparing an analysis of waste generation rates projected to the
year 2010. Currently, approximately 43,000 tons of solid waste is received at the Town's
landfill each year.
Table 1.2-1 presents a component materials breakdown based on scale house data.
It should be noted that this data is for materials received by the landfill, and/or sent for
recycling during 1989. The actual composition of the waste stream will be determined in
the DGEIS that is being prepared as part of the Town's solid waste management plan.
Agricultural waste received by the Town was approximately 540 tons in 1989, with
approximately 4,000 tons of yard waste accounting for grass, leaves, mulch, and brush.
The Town's Highway Department reported collecting approximately 1,400 tons of yard
waste during the 1989 spring and fall cleanup season. This value is expected to decrease
to approximately 800 tons annually due to recent changes in collection policies.
Percentages for the individual components of the yard waste have not yet been developed
to date. However, for the purposes of these initial small scale operations,-only=leavesare--
;:_p sed tobe=composted at this=ti-me
1.3 Facility Design
The small scale yard waste composting operation utilizing windrows would be used
_ ---___
77
by the Town to compost leaves. Leaves would be dropped off by''r-esidents, landscapers-;=-'
•: and: Towri Highway-= trucks who will self -haul their refuse to the site. The compost end
product(s) would be available for use free of charge to residents of the Town. In order to
minimize the potential for odors during the initial operation, Igra_s_s wouidnotxbe-included__y
in the composting operation, but would continue to be landfilled.
It is proposed that an approximate 2.5 acre area, on the southern portion of the
landfill, be used for the small scale yard waste composting operation. The windrows and
aisle spaces would occupy a site of approximately 1 acre. J -he composting=a'r6dR:,W
maintan20.0 foot buff_eTs to,the-soothe nr and Wes
tern property lines.^A, buffer of at least
150 feet would also be maintained between the composting area and the boundaries of the
Town's current landfilling operation as contained in Part -j-% -Y. For the last 5
years the proposed area had been used for land clearing debris. In addition, this location
had also been previously.used to cocompost leaves and sewage sludge in the past.
2072M/2 1-2
Table 1.2 -1 -
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
WASTE QUANTITIES AND CATEGORIES
°
January 1 through December 14, 1989
Scale House Category
Weight (tons) % of Total
Garbage
14,037.0
32.85
Construction Debris
6,416.9
15.02
Sand/Sod
5,964.8
13.96
Landclearing Debris
5,056.3
11.83
Rubbish
3,735.0
8.74
Brush
2,623.7
6.14
Leaves/Grass/Mulch
1,306.8
3.06
Concrete/Asphalt/Bricks 1,263.8
2.96
Metal*
540.6.
1.27
Agricultural Debris
535.9
1.25
Paper*
425.3
1.00
Sludge
311.3
0.73
Cleanup Debris
285.4
0.67
Tires*
126.2
0.30
Woodchips
44.0
0.10
Shellfish Debris
42.0
0.10
Lead Batteries*
17.9
0.04
TOTAL
42,732.6
100.00
*Recyclable Materials (Outgoing Loads)
2072M/2 1-3
Thecomposting area will be approximately 296 feet north to south, and 370 feet
west to east. This area will accommodate six windrows that are 16 feet wide at the base,
4 feet wide at the top, 6 feet high, and 225 feet long. A perimeter aisle of approximately
40 feet will be maintained for equipment maneuvering at the north and south regions of
the composting area, while a perimeter aisle of approximately 50 feet will be maintained'
in the eastern portion to insure an adequate drainage area. The western-region=of the
composting area will utilize an area of approximately 75 feet .by 276 feet :t so ore_the
f'product: Working aisles of approximately 20 feet will be maintained
between -windrows. Room for expansion of the composting ` operation is available in the
adjacent area to the north of the proposed composting area. This arrangement is
expected to be sufficient to compost up to 3,000 cubic yards of leaves, and also provide
sufficient storage area for the finished compost product (see Figure 1.3-1).
Seeded earth berms, l0 feet wideand G74eefzh1gh will be established around the
composting area with an opening for an entrance on the northwest side and two. additional
openings designed to allow water drainage at the southeastern end. The composting area
will be graded to direct drainage to the southeast. The extent of - these grading operations
are expected to be minimal due to the existing southeastern slope of the natural
topography. Swales on the exterior perimeter of the bermed area allow for the collection
and distribution of surface water runoff. The soils of the composting area are generally
medium to coarse sand and gravel and are on top of areas that have been used in the past
to dispose of trees, cars, metal, cocomposting residues, and land clearing. debris. The
grading and permeability of this area is considered to be sufficient to prevent ponding.
Access to the composting area will be from the landfill and will be limited to Town
equipment and personnel. Drop-off of yard wastes will be at two separate staging areas.
A staging area for residents will be located near the existing. Collection Center, while
another staging area near the composting area will allow landscapers and trucks to deposit
bulk yard wastes. Inspection of deposited yard wastes will be accomplished, as described
in Section 3 and 4, before delivery to the windrow piles.
2072M/2 1-4
/0' BERM
75�
SWAL E— - �y
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(ell
�,- AREA FOR
END PRODUCT
STORAGE
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and
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370
225 WINDROW L ENGHT
DRAWAGE
fLi13�17�
im
/ ACRE ACT/VE } SWAL EJ 20 DRAINAGE
COMPOSTING AREA AREA
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
COMPOSTING AREA LAYOUT
20' DRAINAGE_
AREA
�I
'0" DRAINAGE
AREA
SCALE IIt- 601
FIGURE 1.3-1
i
�t
;
.2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
This Section presents information and materials needed to establish a baseline for
the purposes of reviewing the proposed small scale yard waste composting operation.
Environmental impacts for this operation are not considered to be significant as cited in
the SEQRA Negative Declaration and Environmental Assessment Form in Appendix D.
Impacts associated with yard waste composting will be fully evaluated in the DGEIS for
the Town's Solid Waste Management 'Plan that is being developed.
�. 2.1 Regional Map , 11
- The Town of Southold is- located on the North Fork of eastern Long Island. The
proposed compost area is off of Middle Road (C. R. 48), between Cox Lane and Depot
Lane. Cox Lane is the nearest north—south roadway. Middle Road is currently used by
private and commercial vehicles to deliver wastes to the Town's landfill. Appendix A
presents the regional map of the Town.
2.2 Vicinity Map
The solid waste complex including the proposed composting area is located on the.
north side of Middle Road. The composting area is bordered by farms and open land to the
north, by the landfill and a sand mine to the east, farmland to the west, and some
II residential areas to the south. Between the landfill and Cox Lane is an area under,
l- construction by a developer. Only the entrance to the complex fronts along Middle Road.
The vicinity around the site has a relatively light residential density with much of
the surrounding area consisting of farmland. South of the site for the composting- area are
four houses between the landfill entrance and the site's western boundary. On the east is
a farm with its associated buildings and some homes across open fields to the northeast.
c; The western portion of the northern boundary of the site. also borders- along farmland.
- Immediately to the east of this is a dense stand of trees. Sand mining and landfilling .
operations of the complex, as well -as the drop off/collection building and scale house; are
on the eastern side of the proposed site for the composting area. The vicinity map is
found in Appendix A.
2075M/3 2-1
�I
The only commercial airport within the Town is the Mattituck Airport which is
located in Mattituck approximately 3 miles southwest of the proposed operations.
Current waste disposal at the landfill does not appear to interfere with operations at this
airport.
r 2.3 Site an
The Town owned property that includes the Cutchogue landfill covers an estimated
60.9 acres. Landfilling operations have occurred in the eastern region of the property.
1 The proposed composting area is 5 miles west of the Riverhead/Southold Town line and
approximately 5,000 feet south of the ,Long Island Sound. Refer to Appendix A for the
regional and vicinity map.
The proposed 2.5 acre composting area is approximately rectangular in shape with
dimensions of approximately 296 feet by 370 feet. The eastern portion of this parcel, is
adjacent to the active portion of the existing landfill. This eastern area of the complex
has been mined for sand and gravel for use as cover material for the existing landfill
operation and for the Town's Highway Department. The southern portion of the site,
c, where the p compost area is located, is currently flat, unused land. The proposed
proposed
composting area is situated near an existing 500 gpm well that would be utilized for
windrow maintenance. This well is not used for drinking water and would be used solely
for the composting operations. The site plan is provided in Appendix B.
The main entrance to the landfill, off of Middle Road, would be utilized for
deliveries of the leaves. Residents would drop off leaves at a staging area to the north of
the existing Collection Center, while a separate drop off area for bulk deliveries of leaves
by landscapers and trucks would be established on the south side of the fence between the
landfill portion of the complex and the composting area. The bulk deliveries will be
weighed at the scale house and directed to the appropriate drop off area. Both drop off
areas will be clearly marked by signs.
The proposed composting area, including the bulk delivery drop off area, will be
[` over 150 feet from the landfill, and therefore, exceed the buffer requirements of 6
NYCRR Part 360-1.9(g)(2). Buffer zones of 200 feet to the western and southern property
2075M/3 2-2
,I
boundarieswill also be maintained.- The horizontal separations found in Part 360-5.5(g)
will also be maintained at this. location. Access to the composting area will be through
the existing entrance to the complex, and use of existing on-site roads.
2.4 Freshwater Wetlands
Freshwater wetlands are generally low-lying areas saturated with moisture,
including swamps and marshes. Those freshwater parcels of 12.4 acres or larger, along
with smaller wetlands of special importance, are protected by New York State pursuant to
Article 24 of the Environmental. Conservation Law. Freshwater wetlands provide flood
and stormwater control, spawning grounds for fish, wildlife habitats, and opportunities for
recreation, aesthetic appreciation, scientific research, and education. Wetlands identified
from USGS maps are located in the outlying regions of East Creek, and are over 7,000
feet from the proposed composting area.
2.5 Floodplain
There are no floodplains on or within one thousand feet of the proposed composting
area. There are several small farm ponds in the general vicinity, but there are no major
surface water bodies in close proximity to the site. The nearest major surface water body
is the Long Island Sound 'which is approximately 5,000 feet to the northwest of the
proposed site.
2.6 Surficial Geology and Drainage Characteristics
The landfill and the adjacent property overlays approximately 1,200 feet of
unconsolidated glacial deposits. The approximate thickness and elevation of the geologic
units are presented on Table 2.6-1. In general, the soil and gravel deposits in and around
the proposed composting area are well drained and rapidly permeable, both in the surface
layers and at depth. High .soil percolation rates are desirable so that excessive water and
leachate will not run off the site and ponding will not occur during windrow wetting
operations or heavy rains.
A general soil map of the Town of Southold is presented in Figure 2.6-1. It should
be noted that the soil information included here is generalized, and field investigations
2075M/3 2-3
Table 2.6-1
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
STRATIGRAPHY AND HYDROGEOLOGIC UNI'T'S
Source: USGS 1974
2075M
Approximate
System
. Series
Geologic Unit
Hvdrogeologic Unit
Thickness (ft.)
Quaternary
Holocene
Shore, beach, salt marsh
Upper glacial aquifer
0-60
deposits and artificial fill
Pleistocene
Till; Harbor Hill Terminal
0-150
Moraine
'Outwash deposits
0-350
Cretaceous
Upper Cretaceous
Matawan Group - Magothy
Magothy Aquifer
0-1000
Formation
undifferentiated
Raritan Formation,
Raritan Clay
0-250
Clay Member
Raritan Formation,
Lloyd Aquifer
0-550
Lloyd Sand Member
Precambrian
Precambrian
Crystaline rocks
Bedrock
Not Known
Source: USGS 1974
2075M
L�
0
m
z ,
�n
GREAT
PECONIC
BAY
SOURCE: USSCS.1975
/
• , ..
LITTLE GULL
ISLAND //�.'•". /� �SNER // ,.
GREAT GULL
ISLA40
ND ///// /////. ; /// .• //////
GREENPORT
1. °i1i*e
and
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CONSUIYNG EP4064EElg
BAY
.•ROLl/NS
LEGEND'
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
GENERAL SOIL MAP
6ARDINERS
BAY
F
Ofil N � q'
%POINT•' '• �
CARVER - PLYMOUTH- RIVERHEAD ASSOCIATION
HAVEN-RIVERHEAD ASSOCIATION
DUNE LAND -TIDAL MARSH -BEACHES ASSOCIATION
FIGURE 2.6-1
HOLD
L/rnE
PECON/C
1. °i1i*e
and
earmuccl
CONSUIYNG EP4064EElg
BAY
.•ROLl/NS
LEGEND'
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
GENERAL SOIL MAP
6ARDINERS
BAY
F
Ofil N � q'
%POINT•' '• �
CARVER - PLYMOUTH- RIVERHEAD ASSOCIATION
HAVEN-RIVERHEAD ASSOCIATION
DUNE LAND -TIDAL MARSH -BEACHES ASSOCIATION
FIGURE 2.6-1
are necessary for an accurate analysis at any given site. The soil association found on the
site of the proposed composting operations is described below.
o Haven -Riverhead Association: Deep,. nearly level to gently sloping, well
drained, medium texture soils in outwash plains. This area is good for farming
and development. High water table areas are a limitation for nonfarm use.
This soil underlies most of the Town.
4 "
2.7 Groundwater
The entire aquifer system found under Long Island has been designated a sole source
of drinking water by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under the Safe
Drinking Water Act of 1974. All of the groundwater utilized in the Town is obtained from
the Upper Glacial and Magothy Aquifers. The glacial Pleistocene deposits are the main
source of water in the Town of Southold. The Magothy is the major source of public water
supply for the Towns of Suffolk County that are west of Southold, but it is only available
for water supply in the portion of Southold that is west of Mattituck Creek due to the
presence of the salt water interface in the Magothy Aquifer in the eastern regions of the
North Fork. These regions, that are situated to the east of Mattituck Inlet, contain
isolated, relatively thin, fresh groundwater lenses.
The water table, on the average, is located approximately 10 feet above mean sea
level in the region of the proposed composting operations. Average depth to groundwater
in the vicinity of the proposed composting area is approximately 40 feet. The 1983
elevations of the water table, above mean sea level, is shown in Figure 2.7-1.
The July, 1978, Long Island Comprehensive Waste Treatment "208" Management
r Plan (208 Plan) defined eight hydrogeologic zones on Long Island. These zones are based
on hydrogeologic conditions and are used as a basis for land use *and waste disposal
recommendations. The hydrogeologic zones are defined in Table 2.7-1, and the boundaries
of the zones, as presented in the 208 Plan, are presented in Figure 2.7-2. The entire Town
of Southold, with the exception of Fishers Island, lies within Zone IV. Fishers Island was
not assigned a zone.
2075M/3 2-6
/BLAND GULL ERS F
• f�s� 01.92
GREAT GULL '04.57
\
/BLAND .
• 4.84
02.15 _ 2.16
c)yf LU • 3.14
\
` ' . .:• •2'74 GARD/NERS
\� BAY
SOUND
•5.24
ISLAND
04.59 05.18
• 4.59
�.� r • 4.51
98.35 91.70
•8.89
• 3.74
O Y 0.82
` 5.34
5.61 9.33 O v
•9.00
4.28
• •5.82/L TTLE
• 6.78
PECON/C
Z\ • 8.01
0.49 < BAY
p •
z • 5.42
•6.18
z�
c GREAT -ROBINS
PECON/C /SL 41VD
BAY
SOURCE: DONALDSON & KASZALKA 198 (ELEVATIONS ARE IN FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL)
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS
o_
•NG�R FIGURE 2.7 1
Table 2-1-1
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
HYDROGEOLOGIC ZONES
Zone Number
Type or
Location of System
Characteristics of System
I
Central and northern
Deep aquifer recharge area. This zone is
Nassau and portions of
a primary source of public water supply
western Suffolk
II
East central Nassau
Deep aquifer recharge area. An area of
existing water quality problems.
III
East central Suffolk
Deep aquifer recharge area
Exceptionally high water quality
with high potential yields.
*IV
North fork and
Local water quality problems, but
eastern south fork
potential for groundwater
development, particularly on south fork;
significant agricultural input.
V
Western south fork
Local water quality problems, but
potential for groundwater development;
little agricultural input.
VI
South central Suffolk
Generally shallow groundwater
levels, with horizontal flow, which has
impact on surface water.
VII
Southern Nassau and
Generally shallow horizontal groundwater
southwestern Suffolk.
flows.
VIII
Most of the area bordering
Generally shallow horizontal groundwater
Long Island Sound, from
flows.
Hempstead Harbor to
Wading River.
* Zones located within the Town of Southold
Source: Table 5-1, Long Island Waste Treatment (`208') Management Plan, 1978
TOSHCHYD
Hempstead Huntlnaton
Harborf� '�V��l lay
Gnat Sou" Bay
� oqb
Moriches 2
REPRODUCED FROM:
L.LRPB, "Comprehensive Long blend Waste Management Plan',197&
SHELTER ISLAND
Gardmarc FIS END
!�r Bay Block Island
I Sound
i
1
.EAST HAMPTON
FT `ShInneaMolc Say
Aflaatl• Ocean
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Ch&+s HYDROGEOLOGIC ZONES
and
-Bart FIGURE 2.7-2
'I*-.� VIII
r
I M
Loa! Island Sound
HUNTINOTON
NORTH IN
,)HEMPSTEADI�,
i r
OYST[R
SOUTHOLCilD
No
NtivYork A--------
11 SMITHTOWN
I RIVERNEAD Iv %% �•
BAY
I
i
HEMPSTEAD
11, _______y Ii
BROOKHAVEN
II _ •�^r - _
L
_
6AlYLON l SLIP
i�
'
I
' SOUTHAMPTON
a_ �. qoI.
I J VII �'
i VI
- IV
Gnat Sou" Bay
� oqb
Moriches 2
REPRODUCED FROM:
L.LRPB, "Comprehensive Long blend Waste Management Plan',197&
SHELTER ISLAND
Gardmarc FIS END
!�r Bay Block Island
I Sound
i
1
.EAST HAMPTON
FT `ShInneaMolc Say
Aflaatl• Ocean
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Ch&+s HYDROGEOLOGIC ZONES
and
-Bart FIGURE 2.7-2
i
2.8 Air Resources
The climate of the Town of Southold may be characterized as temperate. Air
masses and weather systems generally originate in the. humid -continental climate of
North America and are tempered by the . maritime influences of the Long Island Sound,
Peconic Bay and Atlantic Ocean. The result of the influences of these water bodies is a
reduced range in daily and annual temperatures. Winter temperatures are milder than
? those of mainland areas at similar latitudes, while summer temperatures are cooler.
i I Seasonal temperature extremes occur in January and August. At the Greenport
station the average January temperature for 1989 was 34.5*F, while the average
A temperature for August 1989 was 71.9°F. Mean annual temperature measured in the
Cutchogue region of the Town, averaged 51°F over a 54 year period, with the mean annual
_ precipitation measured at the same station calculated to be 45 inches over a 51 year
period (Crandell, 1963).
Temperature data from the period 1951 to 1980, 1988, and 1989 are listed in Table
2.8-1. Table 2.8-2 provides monthly precipitation data for the same years. Precipitation
includes rain, snow, sleet, and freezing rain. 1988 and 1989 data were collected at the
Greenport Power House, which is located within the Town of Southold. Since no historical
data was available from this station, 1951 to 1980 'data were obtained from the Long
Island Vegetable Research Farm located in Riverhead.
Data on:=wind-speeds=and^-directions _ foT thewTown have not _ye`t =been -=found.-,
- - __.�
Historical wind data from Montauk, Brookhaven, and Westhampton, have been reviewed to
characterize the principal direction and strength of the wind that can be expected at the
site. It should be noted that the surrounding waters of the bays and ocean can affect the
direction, strength and duration of the wind locally as a result of temperature differences
- between the land and the water. In general, the winds at the site are expected to have a
strong westerly component, but in the -same sense, do not originate from the west. During
the fall, winter and early spring, the wind tends to be more out of the northwest. During
the summer the westerly predominance is modified by weather masses that generate
southerly winds so that overall winds tend to be out of the southwest.
2075M/3 2-10
Table 2.8-1
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
AVERAGE MONTHLY TEMPERATURES
Month
Temperature
CF)*
1951 - 80*
1988**
1989**
January
3.0.9
26.8
34.5
February
31.8
33.3
30.8
March
39.1
38.6
37.2
April
48.9
46.6
46.3
May
59.2
56.9
57.6
June
68.1
66.3
67.6
July
73.3
73.8
71.7 .
August
72.5
74.4
71.9
September
66.1
63.9
66.1 .
October
55.9
51.1
55.1
November
45.7
46.6
45.3
December
35.4
34.6
24.2
Average
52.2
51.1
50.7
*Measurements taken at L.I. Vegetable Research Farm (Riverhead)
**Measurements taken at Greenport Power House
Sources: NOAA, 1989
NOAA, 1.982
2075M/3 2-11
Table 2.8-2
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
MONTHLY PRECIPITATION
Month
Precipitation
(inches)
1951 - 80*
1988**
1989**
January
4.07
3.66
1.73
February
3.63
5.49
3.53
March
4.28
4.95
4.62
April
3.74
2.19
5.48
May
3.53
3.36
6.17
June
2.90
2.67
8.57
July
3.20
3.43
7.41
August
4.17
2.21
8.08
September
3.60
2.84
4.56
October
3.56
3.77
4.77
November
4.18
7.79
6.11
December
4.46
2.06
1.12
Total
45.32
44.42
62.15
*Measurements taken at L.I. Vegetable Research Farm (Riverhead)
**Measurements taken at Greenport Power House
Sources: NOAA,_ 1989
NOAA, 1982
2075M/3
L_
2-12
The Town of Southold, as part of Suffolk County, is in the Metropolitan Air Quality
` Control Region (AQCR), as designated by the NYSDEC and the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Ambient air quality is monitored by NYSDEC
at several stations located throughout Long Island. The stations that serve as a primary
( basis for evaluating ambient pollutant concentrations are located in Babylon, Oyster Bay,
and Eisenhower Park. In addition, the Long Island Lighting Company maintains six sulphur
dioxide monitoring stations. The NYSDEC previously . monitored total suspended
particulates levels at two sites located in Port Jefferson, but activity at these stations
1 ceased during the summer of 1984.
In general, air quality in the Town is good. Data from the monitoring stations
located in Babylon and Eisenhower Park on Long Island indicate that eastern Suffolk
County is in compliance with both Federal and State air quality standards for all
pollutants except ozone, which is a regional nonattainment .problem. Carbon monoxide
levels for Long Island are in attainment except for an area in western, central Nassau
County.
Airborne compounds generated by an actual composting operation, if properly
implemented, are typically innocuous. During the biodegradation of the organic matter
(leaves) oxygen is consumed and heat is produced and carbon dioxide and water are given
off. The primary air contaminant which would be expected to be emitted at the site is
carbon monoxide from truck traffic and equipment exhaust. Under less than optimal
composting operating conditions, potential air quality impacts consist of odor and airborne
dust.
Concern has been raised regarding the release of spores of the fungus Aspergillus
fumigatus. These spores are capable of producing an allergic response in some individuals.
In a few cases they are also capable of causing infections in individuals with a weakened
immune system, and have been found to be of some limited concern in sludge composting.
However, no work has been published to date indicating ,the presence of pathogens in
composted yard waste. In any case, adequate wetting and proper windrow construction, as
discussed later, is expected to eliminate any potential problem.
2075M/3 2-13
_2.9—Existing--Traffic-F1'o-T-Atterns=
Traffic to the landfill consists of Town vehicles, commercial haulers and private
`- vehicles that deliver wastes and recyclable materials. Traffic patterns are not expected
s to permanently change as a result of implementation of the yard waste composting
operations at the landfill. The site is centrally located in the western region of the Town
with primary access travelling along Cox Lane, or Depot Lane to Middle Road.
Middle Road
The Town owned properly is bordered on the southeast by Middle Road (County Road
48). 'An existing entrance between Depot and Cox Lane provides access to the active area
of the landfill and would allow access to the staging areas for drop-off of leaves. Middle
Road is a generally straight, two lane, paved roadway that travels in a northeasterly
direction from Mattituck to Southold. _
Cox Lane
� J
Cox Lane is a straight, two lane, paved roadway that runs in a northwest -southeast
direction and borders the landfill to the northeast. It is just over a half -mile long, running
from Middle Road to Oregon Road, and provides access to the northwestern region of the
landfill.
Depot Lane
Depot Lane is a three-quarter mile long, straight, two 'lane, paved roadway that
travels in a northwest -southeast direction. It is located to the southwest of the landfill
and can be traveled to obtain access to Middle Road from the northern region of the Town.
- 2.10 Topography
The Town's topography is largely the result of glacial activity. The extreme
southern parts of the Town are characterized by gentle slopes, though there are some
bluffs in the vicinity of Nassau Point and Indian Neck. The north shore, classified as
2075M/3 2-14
the Harbor Hill Terminal Moraine, consists of steep slopes, bluffs, and rolling landscape.
The central portion of the Town, including the area of proposed composting operations, is
located on gently sloping outwash plains resulting from glacial melting. Elevation in the
Town ranges from sea level to 160 feet above mean sea level, although most of the Town
is at an* elevation less than 50 feet msl. The highest elevations and steepest slopes .are
found along the north shore in the western part of town. A peak elevation of 160 feet msl
is found at Mattituck Hills. The topography of Robins Island and Fishers Island is also
characteristic of the morainic deposits in the area. Both islands have very irregular
topography, with many hills and steep bluffs.
2.11 Utilities
Electricity to the scale house and Collection Center is supplied by LILCO. Existing
LILCO towers transect the southern portion of the complex but have not caused
significant problems with any current operations. NYNEX provides telephone service to
the complex at the Collection Center and scale house. Water is supplied to the landfill by
on-site wells. Potable water is present in the office/maintenance building. Water supply
for windrow wetting will be taken from a 500 gallon per minute well adjacent to the
compost area. This well is not used for drinking. water and would be utilized solely for the
composting operations.
2075M/3 2-15
3.0 FACILITY OPERATION PLAN
This Section describes the operation plan for the small scale yard waste composting
operation.
3.1 Yard Waste Composition and Handling
In the initial stage of operation, leaves are expected to be delivered in plastic bags
by private vehicles, and. in unpackaged bulk by the Town Highway Department, private
trucks, and landscapers. The only wastes accepted by the operation would be leaves. The
initial small scale program would not accept grass. It is also anticipated that the method.
of leaf collection may change in future years to utilize either paper or possibly corn
starch bags which would be degraded during the compost process. Leaves from the drop
off areas would be deposited at a staging area where the loads can be inspected by site
personnel. All yard waste handling on site could be accomplished by use of a rubber tire
payloader and dump truck. Initially, the leaves would be turned weekly during the first
month of operation.. Turning. of the windrow piles would then be conducted on a monthly
basis using a bucket loader. Waste composition and generation rates were discussed in
Section 1.2.
The actual density of yard wastes collected by the Town Highway Department, and
delivered by residents i unknown. However, using an average density for the leaves of
200 pounds per cubic yard, 3000 cubic yards of leaves translates into 300 tons of leaves
that can be composted by the proposed small scale operations. Calculations are presented
below:
(2001bs/yd3 x 3000 yd3)
= 300 tons of leaves
2000 lbs/ton
3.2 Operation Schedule
The landfill hours of 6:45 a.m. until 5:15 p.m., seven days per week, are also the
hours during which leaves would be accepted. Composting operations are expected to be
performed Monday through Saturday as equipment operators are available and scheduled
by the Supervisor.r. ter truckwor spr'inkhng'sys em would be used, as determined by
windrow monitoring for moisture content, during the same Monday through Saturday .
schedule. Montoring--_;oft=temperature and moisture would be performed daily for the first
two months, and three times a week thereafter.
2080M/2 3-1
3.3 Traffic Flow Pattern
Traffic flow to the landfill is= -not expec-ted—tto`be- A fectedw-by--the-proposed
operations, and is expected to vary on a seasonal basis throughout the year. During
October and November, the receipt of leaves as well as the related traffic flow is
expected to be at a maximum.
On-site traffic will enter the landfill off of Middle Road and follow directions to the
appropriate leaf drop off area. Existing on-site roads allow access to both staging areas.
3.4 Unloading Procedures
i_
Signs, or the scale house operator, will direct traffic to the appropriate deposition
area. Field laborers and equipment operators will inspect all drop-offs for extraneous
debris that will then be removed. As stated previously, there will be two separate drop
off areas in order to facilitate unloading of private vehicles separately from trucks.
A drop-off area for private vehicles will be located near the main entrance, off of
Middle Road, to the north of the existing Collection Center. A staging area for unloading
of trucks and other bulk leaf deliveries will be situated near the proposed composting
area. These areas are illustrated on the Site Plan in. Appendix B.
3.5 Inclement Weather Precautions
Inclement weather can affect the operation in several different ways. The first is
on the delivery of the yard waste. The roadways that access the landfill can become slick
and make it difficult to deliver the yard waste material to the site. In these cases, it
would be at the discretion of the site supervisor to cease the collection and transportation
operations during particularly hazardous ice and snow storms. All on site roadways are
crushed gravel or packed soils, and will be maintained with appropriate coarse base
materials so access to, and movement around, the site by trucks delivering the yard waste
should not pose any undue problems during normal rainstorm events.
208OM/2 3-2
A second situation where inclement weather would affect the operation is in access
to the compost areas in order to turn the windrow piles. The site chosen for the compost
operation has good drainage so ponding should not pose a major impediment to successful
operation at this site. If ponding does occur at the site, which would preclude easy access
to the windrows, then activities would cease until the site can be properly graded to allow
continuation of operations.
Inclement weather could also affect the operation by hindering the biological
activity in the windrows. This hindrance would occur if the leaves became saturated and
the pile turns anaerobic. This is most likely to occur when a pile is being formed since the
surface area to volume ratio is highest at this time and the rain is most easily absorbed.
Once a pile is built, saturation is only likely to occur during extreme weather conditions.
If sthe windrows_,.become,�--too wet= `(>5SO/fti6isture) =they will be turned to aerate and
evaporate the excess moisture.
3.6 Equipment Requirements
Currently the staff is not equipped for monitoring operations, but could begin the
small scale composting program with existing equipment. Possibly needed at the site are:
0 1 Royer shredder or equal
o Screening equipment
o Compost mixing attachments for existing bucket loaders
o Temperature and oxygen monitoring equipment
o Sprinkler system
As stated previously, windrows will be formed and turned by bucket loaders. Leaves
will be moved from the staging area to the composting area by bucket loader or dump
truck. Royer shredders can be used to reduce the composted material in preparation for
final screening for end product delivery. This piece of equipment does not need to be
purchased or leased until the finished compost is ready for processing. Screening
equipment may improve the marketability of the final product and should be considered in
the future. Attachmerit`s=exist. for:_use2-with==bucket'`loaders`that can help to shred and turn
the windrows efficiently. _These compost mixer attachments can reduce the composting
time and should be considered, most notably if this program expands. It will be the
Town's decision to utilize existing equipment on site, lease or purchase equipment as .
needed.
208oMi2 3-3
3.7 Surface Water Collection & Control
Well drained sand and gravel soils overlay the site. Drainage is expected to be
controlled on-site by a combination of swales, grading to a 2% to 4% slope under the
windrows, and percolation. The 20 foot aisles between windrows will allow surface water
to be directed to the 50 foot perimeter aisle in the eastern region of the composting
area. Openings in the berm on the southeastern section of the proposed area will allow
water to flow off-site. Surface water run off will be directed to the southeastern
I ortions of the proposed site by the natural topography in addition to the graded area and
the construction of swales.
3.8 Seed Material Description
No compost seed material will be utilized at this site. If seed material- is needed,
active yard waste composting material can be obtained from other local towns.
3.9 , Compost Timing Considerations
The leaf compost cycle can take approximately eight to nine months from inception
of windrow formation. Composted material can be marketed after this time frame when
all processing has been completed.
3.10 Windrow Construction
Windrows will be formed by a bucket loader'. The windrows will be trapezoidal in
shape with initial dimensions of approximately 16 feet wide at the base, 4 feet wide at the
top, and 6 feet high. This represents a cross sectional area of approximately 60 square
feet. The composting area dimensions of 296 feet (north to south) by 370 feet (east to
west) will accommodate a 40 foot perimeter border for maneuvering the loader, six 225
foot windrows, a 20 foot aisle between windrows, and a 50 foot -by 276 foot drainage area.
The design of the six windrows will accommodate approximately 3,000 cubic yards of
leaves. Space is available in the adjacent northern section -of the proposed .area to allow
for possible future expansion of the composting operations.
208OM/2 3-4
Leaves will be brought from the staging areas to the composting area by dump truck
and deposited for windrow formation by a bucket loader. Windrows will be turned once
per month, at a minimum, and more frequently if the monitoring program indicates high
moisture content ,(>55%), high temperatures (>140°F), or anaerobic conditions, which is
indicated by odor generation. In the first month, windrows will be turned weekly to assure
proper moisture content, complete aeration and thorough mixing of the material that has
been stockpiled.
Windrows will run in .a; ,w.est-to`east direc:tion:�FThe oldest windrows will be turned
first, with subsequently younger windrows being turned in progression. Turning will be
done in alternate directions to insure a maximum consistancy of windrow conditions. For
example, if an initial turning is performed from north to south, the subsequent turning will
progress from south to north. Windrows will be combined as necessary to maintain the 16'
x 4' x 6' dimensions. This is expected to be necessary after two or three turnings of a
windrow. Sufficient room is available in the proposed composting area to accommodate
the turning of the windrows, deposition of leaves, and final product storage.
3.11. Aeration Techniques
The required aerobic conditions will be maintained by . turning of the windrows (as
discussed in Section 3.1), and convective, action caused by the temperature differential
between the piles and the air. The windrows will be placed in an east to west direction to
allow the wind to assist in the uniform aeration of the windrows. During the summer
months, windrow temperature may also determine, the frequency of turning. Piles will be
turned if internal temperature exceeds 140°F to prevent microbial die -off above this
temperature. However, the temperature should be maintained higher than 95°F to
promote aerobic biologic processes. This should prevent the windrows from becoming
anaerobic and producing odors.
3.12 Site Access Control
Site access to the composting area will be limited to Town employees or their
designated representatives. Access to the landfill is controlled by personnel at the gate
house during operations, and by gates during nonoperation hours. ' Access to the
208OMi2 3-5
drop-off and staging_ area will be Auring normal' operating hours of the landfill. All
vehicles entering the landfill are controlled by the personnel at 'the gate house.
3:13 Fire Safety Procedures
Normally windrowed leaves will burn poorly, since the interior is wet. Vandals may
be able to ignite dry surface `leaves, but a major fire is unlikely. Nevertheless, a water
truck could be used to extinguish' fires at the site. The 500 gpm well at the landfill
provides an, adequate water source to a first response piece of fire apparatus.
In addition, the windrows will be kept adequately wet and the design of the area
allows for quick access, via the perimeter aisles ,and on=site roadways, to all parts of each
pile. Water truck operations and windrow design should substantially lower the possibility
of fire. In an emergency, the telephone at the scale house, gate house or in the office will
be utilized to contact the Cutchogue Fire Department.
�3"14--Personnel"=R --uirements: and_Responsibihties �=
Equipment operators will meet any and all requirements of the Town. The site
supervisor will be responsible for all activities at the site. He will act solely as the site
supervisor and he will be responsible for directing personnel in all - aspects of site
maintenance including picking up blowing materials, windrow monitoring, watering leaves,
and other activities as necessary. In addition to the site supervisor, additional necessary
personnel include: heavy equipment --operators, a--weigh-master; and -IA rers.-.
The initial labor requirements for the small scale composting operations are shown
on Table 3.14-1. It is estimated that between 198 and 338 man-hours would be needed to
prepare the site, form and turn windrows;- monitor composting conditions and water
windrows. This amount of labor, over the composting time frame, is available from
existing personnel in the Town.
208oMi2 3-6
TABLE 3.14-1
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS
TASK
Site Preparation
Creation of 6 Windrows .
First Month Windrow Turningl
Routine Windrow Turning
Windrow Monitoring
Windrow Watering4
Estimated Total Man Hours for the year
ESTIMATED NO,. OF MAN HOURS
PER YEAR
50 to 60
4 to 8
12 to 18
24 to 36
72 to 144
36 to 72
198 to 338
Notes:
1 Windrows turned once per week for 4 weeks at 20 to 30 minutes per windrow.
2 Eight months at one time per month, at 20 to 30 minutes per windrow.
3 Daily for first 60 days, three times per week for 28 weeks, 0.5 to 1 hour per day.
4 This is dependent upon precipitation amounts during composting operations. This
estimate assumes 1 hour per wetting with a range of 1 to 2 wettings per week over 36
weeks.
208oMi1 3-7
Further, the supervisor will serve as the local emergency coordinator for the
contingency plan. In addition to the existing personnel, additional heavy equipment
operators (1), and laborers (3), may be brought in as required to insure orderly operation of
the site during peak season. Prior to_operation-of-the site,:.alhpeisonneL=_will.-be._trained_in
mover=composting -opera_tions=including=compost=biology;`pile: building; monitoring; and
the composting process: Furthermore, proper staffing levels should be maintained, during
the composting season, to assure adequate control over the biological and site specific
processes of this operation. The laborers are expected to operate the water truck, dump
truck, and open bags for inspection and unloading.
3.15 Equipment Procurement
To the extent that. additional equipment is needed (as discussed in Section 3.6), it
should be locally procured to assure that adequate maintenance capability is available. At
this time, no decision has been made as to whether the specialized equipment will be
Town owned, leased, or rented. All equipment necessary to initial, small scale operations
can be maintained by the Town, and backup equipment could be leased on a short term
basis from local suppliers, or borrowed, from other Town departments, if this proves
necessary.
3.16 Operating Records
The site supervisor or his designee will keep the following records:
1. Log of daily deliveries of yard waste to the site; including volumes, and types -of
material entering the site.
2. Log.of daily removal of compost, other products, and residuals.
3. Logs of temperatures achieved in the piles.
4. Logs, of routine monitoring results on compost quality.
S. Logs of operational problems on the site.
6. Records of water consumption.
Sample copies of the data/log sheets are provided in Appendix C.
208oM/1 3-8
4.0 MONITORING
This Section describes the monitoring and oversight of the composting operation..
4.1 Quality Control Measures for Deliveries
All deliveries of compostable material will be inspected prior to incorporation into
the windrows. While it is unlikely that hazardous waste will be deliberately delivered to
the site, personnel will be properly instructed to immediately identify such waste and to
arrange for the proper disposal by a NYSDEC licensed contractor. NYSDEC will be
notified of any such occurrence, and pertinent information will be maintained on the daily
log sheets.
Leaves are to be delivered to two separate staging areas that are accessible through
the use of on-site roadways. The staging area for private vehicles is expected to receive
a high percentage of bagged leaves. Signs at this deposition/staging area will state that
bags are to be opened and the contents placed in the pile. Unopened bags left at the
staging area will be opened by laborers and the contents inspected prior to addition to the
pile. Litter and other contaminants, including empty bags, will be removed daily by
laborers and placed in the active portion of the landfill.
w The other staging area will be used by Town Highway trucks and landscapers for bulk
leaf drop-offs. Fewer bags are expected at this staging area because most deliveries
from these two sources appear to come from open trucks or large cans/barrels that allow
handling of loose yard waste by one worker. Laborers will inspect and remove, any litter
or contaminants from this area daily.
Leaves from both staging areas will be inspected for contaminants such as grass and
litter as they are picked up by the bucket loader, and as it is being deposited into the
truck that will deliver the leaves to the composting area. Signs at the staging areas will
be clearly marked to prohibit the deposition of grass and garbage. Any significant grass
deposition at the staging areas is to be removed .at the earliest possible time each day.
No grass will be composted at this time and no grass will remain in the staging area at the
end of the day. The separate staging areas and layered inspection efforts are expected to
maximize the quality of the leaf feedstock to the composting operation.
2081M/2 4-1
4.2 Compost Monitoring, Sampling and Analysis
Monitoring of the composting conditions in the windrows is necessary to avoid and
prevent unfavorable conditions. Once all . six windrows have been formed, daily
temperature and moisture conditions will be monitored and recorded. The moisture in the
center of a windrow could be judged as temperatures are taken from the windrows by
judging both visual and tactile indicators. Compressing a handful of compost should yield
at most a couple of drops, corresponding to a moisture content of 45% to 55%. If no drops
are observed the windrow would be wetted, whereas if more than a couple of drops are
observed the windrows would be turned.
A daily log of temperatures and moisture conditions will be kept. If either condition
is found to be unacceptable, too wet or dry, lower than 95° F, or higher than 140° F, the
windrow would be watered or turned as appropriate. Initially, this is expected to be
performed daily to establish a baseline for the operation, and decrease to three times per
week, or less, as conditions stabilize.
The purpose of compost sampling and analysis will be to chemically characterize the
final product prior to distribution. Composite compost samples from the finished product
will be analyzed for selected heavy metals and specific organic compounds including
arsenic, barium, cadmium, hexavalent and total chromium, lead, nickel, mercury, zinc,
selenium, copper, endrin, methoxychlor, 2,4-D, 2,4,5 -TP and lindane. One composite
sample for each finished windrow will be collected from a minimum of three (3) locations
in the finished windrows and analyzed according to NYSDEC protocols by a NYSDOH
certified laboratory. Sampling should be planned for six (6) weeks in advance of final
preparation of the composted material. This would allow enough time to receive the
results of the analysis from the laboratory, prior to final product processing.
4.3 Soil Sampling. and Analysis
The impact of composting on surficial' soils could, be evaluated by the chemical
analysis of composite compost samples collected from a minimum of three (3) locations in
a windrow prior to distribution of the final compost product. The need for soil sampling
should await the results of the compost sampling. This sampling would be expected to
occur six (6) weeks before the final compost product is prepared. One soil sample could
2081M/2 4-2
also be analyzed for the same chemical constituents as the composite compost analysis,
namely arsenic, barium, cadmium, hexavalent and total chromium, lead, nickel, mercury,
zinc, selenium, copper, endrin, methoxychlor, 2,4-D, 2;4,5 -TP and lindane. Samples would
be analyzed according to NYSDEC protocols by a NYSDOH certified laboratory. Sampling
and analysis of the soils should be preformed annually at a minimum.
4.4 Groundwater Monitoring Program
As discussed in Section 2.7, the composting area. is located in Hydrogeologic Zone
IV. Compost leachate is not considered a problem at this site for the following reasons:
o The small size of theproposed composting operation
o Data showing that compost toxicity is not a significant environmental problem
With respect to the last item, EP toxicity analysis performed on a composite sample
of leaf compost by the Town of Islip supports this conclusion. The Town can also collect
an annual composite sample from the compost (as discussed in Sections 4.2 and 4.3), for
analysis of heavy metals, as well as organic constituents.
The small scale of this yard waste composting operation is exempt from regulation
as previously discussed. While a groundwater monitoring program would . normally be
conducted for a full scale, larger permitted operation, it is not considered to be necessary
at this time for this exempt small scale operation.
2081 M/2 .4-3
5.0 FACILITY CONTINGENCY PLAN
This Section discusses the various contingencies and planned responses that may be
expected at the compost operation.
5.1 Equipment Breakdown
Equipment used during on-site operations is owned and regularly maintained by
Town personnel. In those instances where specialized equipment, may be utilized on a
lease basis, a maintenance agreement should be provided by the vendor to assure
continuous operation. If an unforeseen equipment breakdown does occur, the equipment
will be replaced immediately in-kind while the repairs are performed. Rolling stock such
as collection and transport vehicles are maintained on a regular basis by the Town
Highway Department.
5.2 Odor Control
Odor control at the site will beaccomplished through a combination of generally
accepted best management practices, site drainage and windrow monitoring by Town
employees. Best management practices include proper construction and maintenance of
windrows to ensure maximum aeration and elimination of odor causing conditions. Proper
and timely windrow turning, a moisture content of 450/6 to 55%, and windrow monitoring,
should enable composting of leaves without odor generation. In addition, excellent on-site
drainage into the soil are expected to preclude standing water. The proposed location of
the operations are also advantageous with respect to minimizing odor impacts due to the
fact that there is a relatively large amount of open space in the nearby vicinity, and the
nearest residences are at least 1,000 feet from the composting area. Complete and
thorough training of the supervisor and staff is critical to odor control in this operation.
5.3 Vector Control
Insect and mammalian vectors, such as rodents, are attracted to a given location if
water, food and shelter are readily available. The operation of a compost operations for
leaves is not conducive to vector habitation, if properly managed. For example, ponding
due to excessive application of water may be a potential source of insect vectors, such as
mosquitoes. Properly trained personnel will be aware 'of this potential concern and
2082M/2 5=1
will be instructed to inform the supervisor of the ponding as well as to assist in preventing
or remediating such an occurrence.
Rodents could be troublesome if decomposable food is readily available. Problems
in this regard would be prevented in two ways. Initially, yard waste will be inspected by
site personnel to eliminate the inclusion of . food waste with leaves. Routine site
inspection will be conducted ,by personnel to monitor for the presence of rodents. A
program of rodent baiting would be conducted if rodents are detected, in accordance with
the requirements and recommendations of the Suffolk County Department of Health
Services (SCDHS). Good housekeeping practices must be continued at the landfill to
contribute to vector control. Site personnel should be trained and realize the necessity of
proper site maintenance to establish an environment unsuitable to vector growth and
enhancement.
5.4 Emergency Responses
Spill releases may occur at an active site where equipment is routinely used during
the workday. In this regard, liquid fuel spills will be eliminated by ensuring that no leaks
are occurring through a program of equipment inspection. Fuel storage at the compost
area will not occur as a result of the use of heavy equipment from the landfill. If an
unforeseen spill does occur, immediate steps will be taken to reduce environmental
impacts to groundwater. Absorbent pads can be used to contain and collect any spilled
fuel or lubricant materials. Appropriate Town and NYSDEC personnel will be notified if a
spill does occur.
The Town will only accept leaves for this project. All other waste including
garbage, grass, hazardous waste, and leaves in excess of 300 tons will be banned from the
compost operation and staging areas. This will be enforced by the placement of suitable
signs on the grounds of the landfill, as well as routine inspection. All truck and private
vehicle deliveries of compostable material will also be inspected in the staging area prior
' to incorporation into the windrows.
All bags will be opened and their contents inspected by site personnel before being
placed in the piles in the staging area. As the truck, that is to be used to move the leaves
from the staging area to the -compost area, is loaded by bucket loader, the leaf load will
receive a second visual inspection. Inadvertent deliveries of unacceptable waste will be
2082M/2 5-2
handled by removal of such material from the staging area and moved to the active
portion of the landfill. Chronic occurrences would be eliminated by banning responsible
parties from access to the landfill.
Fires are uncommon at a properly managed yard waste compost site. Because water
is periodically applied to windrows to enhance biological degradation, the potential of
fires should be minimal. However, if a fire should inadvertently occur, immediate steps
will be taken to extinguish the fire. First, the Cutchogue Fire Department will be
notified. Other fire suppression measures include the quick application of water through
the use of a water truck and the existing 500 gpm well at the landfill, as well as utilizing
existing, on-site, quantities of sand. Bucket loaders and a dump truck would be used in
the event that sand is needed to smother a fire.
Similarly, personnel will be properly instructed in the use of all equipment in an
effort to. prevent work related injuries. A first aid kit is available at the landfill for
minor injuries; however, telephone contact will be established for more serious injuries
with emergency medical technicians by dialing 911.
Emergency response equipment will be either on-site or immediately available to
service the site. in the event of a fire or medical emergency. Since the leaf compost
operation is a low -technology management technique, extraordinary measures are not
considered to be necessary to respond to potential emergency occurrences. Other than
fires, the potential for illegal delivery of hazardous waste may be possible. Under such
circumstances, the staging area would be immediately isolated from use and a hazardous
emergency response team from the Town of Southold Police Department, or Suffolk
County Department of Health Services, would be notified along with Town officials, the
Cutchogue Fire Department, and the NYSDEC. Removal of hazardous waste would be
immediate and such waste would be sent to an appropriate disposal facility by a properly
licensed contractor.
Evacuation of the proposed area is unlikely; however, . if necessary this would be
accomplished in cooperation with Town officials, the Cutchogue Fire Department, and the
Southold Police Department. The supervisor will act as the local emergency coordinator
between all responding agencies.
2082M/1 5-3
6.0 MAINTENANCE MEASURES
Maintenance measures for the site, compost operations, and equipment are discussed
in this Section.
6.1 Roadways
Landfill entrance and exit roadways will be. maintained by Town personnel to assure
continued operation of the landfill. Roads on the landfill site and to the compost area will
also be maintained. Appropriate coarse base materials will be applied to maintain on-site
roads as needed; however, paved roadway surfaces on-site are not anticipated to be
necessary.
6.2 Equipment
All equipment will be -maintained through a preventive maintenance program
managed by the personnel at the landfill. On-site repairs will be accomplished by Town
personnel. A maintenance record will be maintained for each piece of equipment used at
either the landfill or compost site. It will be the responsibility of the supervisor to ensure
that all equipment is properly maintained and in proper working condition.
6.3 Utilities
Maintenance of utility service to the landfill, will be the responsibility of the
respective utilities including NYNEX, LILCO and the Town of Southold. Landfill
personnel will be instructed to immediately notify the respective utility if failure does
occur and to maintain a written record of each occurrence..
2083M/1 6-1
7.0 ECONOMIC ANALYSES
A discussion of the economics associated with the small scale pilot yard waste
composting operation is presented here.
7.1 Cost Estimates for Composting Operations
The proposed small scale yard waste composting operation will utilize existing
personnel and equipment. available ' at the landfill for the initial composting operations.
Consequently, no new personnel or equipment charges are expected to be incurred
immediately. As discussed in Section 3.6, a shredder, screening equipment, and mixing
attachments could be purchased to aid compost processing techniques.
The total labor effort estimated for the proposed operations involves approximately'
50 hours for site preparation and approximately 300 hours related to windrow formation
and turning for a six month period. This total of approximately 350 hours of labor (0.2
person/year) is not expected to significantly affect the current labor requirements at the
landfill.
The estimated level of use for equipment is expected to be approximately 150 .to 200
hours for the site preparation and windrow formation and maintenance. This use of
equipment is not expected to significantly deter the equipment's use or availability for
normal landfill operations.
The cost of laboratory analysis for sampling the compost is expected, to be in the
range of $2,000 to $3,000. This would be the only significant cost associated with the
implementation of the proposed operations.
7.2 Compost Market Discussion
A "market" for composted yard wastes may be defined as a productive use for the
material which would divert it from disposal. Markets may pay to buy compost but this is
not a necessary criteria for a successful marketing program. The rest of this Section
discusses the characteristics of the product, potential markets for the' compost, marketing
and distribution alternatives practiced elsewhere, and a discussion of the initial marketing
2084M/1 7-1
approach to be practiced in the Town. It should be noted that marketing of compost
products is a . continuously evolving process and that new markets which might provide
higher levels of income to the Town can be developed over time.
7.3 Product Characterization
Compost is the end product resulting from aerobic, biological- decomposition of yard
waste organic materials. When organic materials are thoroughly composted, a product
physically resembling soil is the result, which does not resemble the feedstock materials.
The term "humus" is often used to describe the end product of composting, whether or not
the material is thoroughly decomposed.
The final nutrient analysis of the compost product will depend on the types of
feedstock. For example, if various green wastes, such as grass clippings, are
inadvertently accepted in sufficient quantity, the nitrogen content of the final product
will be enhanced. Some operations include inorganic nitrogen fertilizer as an additive in
order to speed up the process of composting. This practice has an added. benefit of
increasing the fertilizer value of the product. However, the Town will only compost
leaves at this time and use of enhancing agents is not recommended.
Exclusive of its minimal value as a fertilizer, compost is an excellent soil additive
which improves the physical properties of soils. Most of the readily decomposable organic
matter in the feedstock is consumed during composting. Therefore, the remaining
material represents a stabilized organic matter which when applied to soils has effects
that are apparent over long periods of time.
Improvements in the physical properties of soils that result from the addition of
compost include:
o Improved water retention
o Improved water infiltration
o Improved water permeability
o Enhanced soil aggregation
2084M/1 7-2
o Improved soil porosity
o Improved soil aeration
o Decreased soil crusting
The greatest improvements in physical properties occur in soils at the extremes of
the texture spectrum. Addition of compost to sandy soils increases their ability to retain
water and renders them less droughty. In clay soils, the added organic matter increases
permeability to water and air while promoting water infiltration into the soil profile.
Compost treated soils have a greater capacity to store water for plant use, as well.
Addition of compost to clay soils reduces the effects of compaction.
Compost typically has a high cation exchange capacity (CEC). Many plant nutrient
elements exist in soil in the cationic state, e.g., nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium,
iron, zinc, manganese, and copper. When added to soil, compost can increase the ability
of the soil to hold these plant nutrient elements, reducing leaching.
Table 7.3-1 lists a number of potential major compost applications. Private
residential users of lawn and garden products can be an important user group for compost
end, products. The compost can be used as an supplement to improve soils for planting.
grass, shrubs, flowers and vegetable gardens, and as a decorative top covering for flower
j beds, etc.
The 1985-86 National Gardening Survey conducted by the Gallup Organization for
the National Gardening Association shows that gardening activities are rising in popularity
among members of the baby boom generation. An increasing number of persons between
30 and 49 years of age are participating in gardening activities, and they also are .the
biggest spenders for lawn and garden products. The American Association of Nurserymen
reports that $6 billion was spent across the nation in 1985 by families and businesses for
plants, which is a 33 percent increase since 1980.
Private, commercial uses vary with the different horticultural industries
represented. Users might utilize the product in. soil media for containerized plant
production in nurseries or greenhouses; in landscape bed plantings; in golf course
construction; in turfgrass establishment and maintenance; as a topsoil substitute or
amendment; or as a top -dressing on established turf at golf courses or cemeteries. These
specialized uses ordinarily require excellent quality -control during compost production to
insure a satisfied and continuous clientele.
2084M/1 7-3
Table 7.3-1
J
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
YARD WASTE COMPOSTING PLAN
CATEGORIES OF COMPOST USERS
Growersl
Golf course
Greenhouse
Home gardeners
Landscape contractors
Lawn maintenance
Nursery
Plants
Seeds & Bulbs
Sod & sod svc.
Processors2
Fertilizer contractors
Fertilizer manuf. supply
Topsoil
Sand & gravel
Services3
Landscape planning
Landscape design
Re—wholesale/Retail4
Garden center
Greenhouse equip. & supply
Lawn & garden equip. & supply
Nursery equip. & supply
Bulk Users5
Land reclamation
Landfill cover
Parks •
Roadsides
1 Growers prefer a refined compost product to meet specific chemical and physical
criteria. Potential for use as a field or potting soil amendment.
2 Processors will refine the compost product to their chemical and physical
specifications. Some will require strict quality controlon the part of the
compost producer.
3 Service businesses are in a position to specify the use of compost for landscaping
construction and maintenance projects.
4 Re—wholesale/Retail. markets generally prefer a bagged product for resale.
5 Bulk users represent businesses or operations that use compost at rates on large
acreages or volumes.
2084M/1 7-4
j Use of the product on public playgrounds, school grounds, parks, ballfields, or
- x roadsides would be primarily as an amendment to turfgrass plantings or as a mulch
around trees and shrubs. New construction sites often require some form of
landscaping before they are completed. Consumption of compost for this use is
linked to the level of construction activity.
7.4 Marketing and Distribution Alternatives Practiced Elsewhere
Yard waste compost has potential value to the whole spectrum of horticultural
markets. Available information indicates that the material is currently used in a
variety of horticultural applications. However, user groups have been primarily
limited to homeowners and municipal agencies.
Most municipal programs have not seen the need to develop extensive
marketing programs per se. This is due to the combined effects of high public
demand resulting from word of mouth and the use of significant quantities of
compost by municipalities. The effectiveness of word of mouth notification is
enhanced by the fact that the success of leaf and yard waste compostingdepends on
public participation for its feedstocks. Whether the raw materials are delivered to
the compost site by residents or are set out for curbside pickup, ' it is the residents
who must initially supply the materials. Thus, residents are made aware through
participation of composting in their community.
Differences do exist in patterns of use of the product, as well as pricing
structures and distribution methods. In Brookhaven, New York, over 250,000 cubic
yards of leaves are composted annually. About 100,000 to 150,000 cubic yards. of
compost is distributed each year. Of this amount, approximately 70 percent is used
in municipal projects. The Town uses leaf mold in tree plantings and for starting
young trees at the Ecology Center greenhouses. Leaf compost is also used to start
plants for beautification activities. The Town also chips waste branches and tree
limbs for use as mulch in parks and for cover material at landfill sites to stabilize
slopes.
2084M/1 7-5
Brookhaven has not entered into any contractual arrangements with users.
The Town delivers some of the compost to schools and civic organizations at no
charge, and it makes public service announcements on the radio to promote the
availability of the compost. The Town estimates that in the spring and fall between
250 and 300 people per day pick up compost. Residents utilize approximately 30
percent of the total product.
Tenafly, New Jersey has been composting leaves for 20 years. They also make
wood waste available to residents in the form of firewood and woodchips at no
charge. The City has given the compost a name, "Tenafly Humus," for • recognition.
Two products are distributed, one which sells for $10.00 per yard, and one not
shredded which brings $6.00 per yard. These prices are for commercial businesses
such as nurseries and garden centers. Residents are allowed to pick up material free
of charge. Early in the program, the product was sold at $5.00 per yard and supply
was exhausted in a short time. Subsequently, the town council raised the price in
order to have more material available to residents.
In Webster Groves, Missouri residents annually pick up 1,200 cubic yards of
compost from stockpiles that the City maintains in several municipal parks. There
is no fee for the material. The City applies 3500 yards annually to its park lands
using a manure spreader to apply the material to turf areas. The Missouri Botanical
Gardens uses approximately 500 yards each year. Other special, one-time projects
consume significant quantities.
The Town of Wellesley, Massachusetts began composting leaves after a
hurricane in 1938. After using the leaf mold for turf plantings, public works
officials were impressed with the results and began experimenting with other uses
and various formulations of compost and sand. Presently, the vast majority of the
material is used by the town in municipal projects, approximately 5,000 to 8,000
yards per year. During 1979, Wellesley sold 10,000 yards of composted leaves to a
nursery for a credit of $2,350 worth of plant material. Topsoil, which costs $8.00 to
$10.00 per yard, is no longer purchased for municipal projects. The public is allowed
to take compost at no charge.
2084M/1 7-6
� I
Greenwich, Connecticut composts leaf and yard waste with sewage sludge by
the static pile method. Over 4,000 cubic yards of material are distributed annually
with approximately 20 percent used in municipal projects, 20 percent used by
residents and 60 percent sold to landscapers. The City allows residents to pick up
y the material at no charge and receives $7.00—$9.00 per yard from commercial
landscapers. To date; the City has not entered into any contractual agreements for
distribution of the compost, although one landscaper has offered to buy all of the
material for $7.00 per yard. City officials estimate that several hundred individuals
have used the compost product over the years. Since the material contains sewage
sludge, the City analyzes the product for heavy metals and pathogens on a regular
basis.
Midland, Michigan has been operating a leaf composting operation since 1968.
The product has been used in a variety of municipal projects, including the
preparation of landfill cover material. It is also blended with soil to prepare topsoil
for landscaping public parks, buildings, cemeteries, and highways. The finished
compost is available to the public and to professional users at no charge in bulk
form. City officials estimate saving $37,000 per year in topsoil purchases. Topsoil
sells for $5.00 per yard.
At La Pere, Michigan approximately 2,000 to 3,000 cubic yards of compost are
distributed annually. The City has not assigned a value to the product which is used
entirely in municipal projects. The public is not involved with distribution. City
park and cemetery departments use it all.
One of the few composting operations that delivers compost to end users is
Hennepin County, Minnesota. Approximately 35 commercial landscapers and five
nurseries take delivery of the material at no charge. Officials estimate that 40
percent of the material is distributed in this way. Private residents pick up and use
approximately 50 percent of the material produced. The remaining product is used
by the municipalities. Total distribution is in the vicinity of 20,000 to 30,000 yards
annually. Another unique aspect of the. County's program is its advertising
campaign. A brochure describing the product and giving locations for "pickup is
mailed to County residents. Where previously the County was having problems
maintaining a user clientele, this is no longer the case due to the publicity generated
by the brochure.
2084M/1 7-7
Two of the larger and more sophisticated leaf and yard waste composting
i
operations in the country are in California. The City of Davis operates its own
facility, while in Berkeley a private firm called Urban Oregon Inc. is used to operate
the Compost Facility.
In the Davis operation, woody yard waste is ground and added to leaves and
grass clippings to undergo composting. The top quality product is reground before
distribution. to create an even textured material. Due to the size constraints at the
site, some material that is only partially decomposed is sold as mulch material.
Other incompletely degraded material is dried and sold as boiler fuel. The City has
found its primary markets to be local landscapers and nurseries. These users
substitute the composted wastes for processed forest waste materials. However,
seasonal variation in materials received at the compost site results in variable
products, thus limiting the value of the material to professional users who desire a
consistent product. Approximately 25 percent of the compost produced is given free
to residents for use in private gardens. The average price that Davis receives from
i commercial buyers is approximately $4.00 a yard or $20.00 per ton. This is their
break-even cost.
Davis is somewhat unique in having its product analyzed to aid in marketing to
professional users. The published analysis follows:
Moisture 60%
Total Solids 40%
Volatile Solids 34%
C/N Ratio 45%
Carbon 22%
Nitrogen 0.48%
Phosphorous 0.16%
Potassium 2.24%
The analysis shows that the compost cannot be sold as a fertilizer. As with
any nonfortified compost product, its value is as a soil conditioner.
Urban Ore, Inc. has marketed its compost products primarily to homeowners
and private landscape firms. Production and sales are enhanced by the sale of spent
mushroom compost hauled in from a local producer. Five different products
accounted for over 95 percent of the sales.
2084M/1 7-8
Composts and mulches were sold- primarily to the same people who brought in
the brush, that is, hundreds of landscape contractors. Urban Oregon also sold
- directly to homeowners, renters, and property -managers. Small quantities of bagged
materials were kept on hand for these smaller users. Material that was delivered in
bulk was hauled by independent truckers.
Income came from two main sources: product sales and tipping fees charged
to other than municipal dumpers. Initially, income from tipping fees far exceeded
that from product sales. However, in fiscal 1984, the two sources of income almost
equalized. Disposal fees of $4.00 per yard brought in $169,000. or 54 percent of
income. Income from sales of firewood, composts, and mulches accounted for
$142,000 or 46 percent. Early in the program, the contract with the City called for
Urban Ore, Inc. to pay Berkeley 30 percent of any gross income over $125,000.
Since this arrangement threatened the continuation of the project, the stipulation
was dropped.
Brookside Nurseries, Inc. of Darien, Connecticut provides complete leaf
composting services to municipalities in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey.
Services cover processing right through taking title to the product, if desired.
Brookside1 s operations are unique in that the leaf compost is blended with
other waste organics and inorganic materials to create more than 20 different soil
amending products, mulches, and soil substitutes. It has been the experience of
Brookside that professional horticultural tradespeople do not want leaf compost per
se. Where they do purchase leaf compost, they are blending it with other materials.
Thus, the creation of the various specialty products from a leaf mold base is filling a
well—defined need.
The organic matter in Brookside's various soil products is derived from bark,
manures, leaves, peanut hulls, and wood waste. Each of the materials is composted
separately and for various lengths of time before it is blended into a specific soil
product. Topsoil is not used in the blends. Mineral matter is derived from ground
stone. Some of the products are fortified with fish meal fertilizer.
2084M/1 7-9
As might be expected, such a wide variety of products demands a variety of
prices. Cost is related to the degree of processing required to produce the material,
whether the material is fortified with fertilizer, and the quantity of material
delivered. As examples, the least expensive product, woodchips, is available at
$13.50 a yard delivered in one yard quantities or for $5.50 per yard delivered in
25-35 yard loads. A product referred to as "Light and Leafy Pot Mix" sells for
$52.50 per single yard load down to $44.50 per yard in 25 to 35 yard loads. The
various other products are available for prices intermediate to those quoted above.
7.5 Marketing Approach to be Utilized by the Town of Southold
The Town has received indications of interest from local farmers to accept
and use the end product of compost derived solely from leaves. Further, the Town is
expected to `use the end product for roadside plantings, park maintenance, and
in -office plants Other uses can be developed as the program grows. The
agricultural history of the Town provides many residents with a .familiarity with
returning nature's products to the soil. Use of all of the compost generated in the
Town is not expected to encounter marketing difficulties and consequently, supply is
expected to be depleted annually. There is sufficient space available at the
composting area to stockpile finished compost prior to distribution.
2084M/1'
7-10
8.0 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE
Compliance with regulatory structures is discussed in this Section. It should be
noted that the Town is developing a GEIS for a solid waste management plan. The Plan,
when completed, will address in greater detail, the role of yard waste composting.
Sections of the DGEIS will discuss impacts, waste quantities, characteristics, generation
rates, recycling and solid waste management for the Town. Since this is a small scale
operation sized smaller than the 3,000 cubic yard threshold cited in Part 360-5.1(b)(1) and
the DGEIS is being prepared for a Plan, detailed analyses, evaluation of impacts, and a
comprehensive recycling plan beyond what is presented in this document, would be
preliminary and premature with respect to the ongoing Plan development.
8.1 SEQRA Compliance
The Town. Board has adopted a resolution for a Negative Declaration, as defined
under SEQRA, and supported by an Environmental Assessment Form (EAF). The Negative
Declaration and EAF are found in Appendix D. - This action complies with the tenets of
Article 8 of the Environmental Conservation Law (State Environmental Quality Review
i Act) and the regulations found in 6 NYCRR Part 617 that implement SEQRA.
8.2 Consistency with NYSWMP and Act
The small scale yard waste composting operation is consistent with the intent and
hierarchy developed in the New York State Solid Waste Management Plan (NYSWMP) and
put into law by the New York State Solid Waste Management Act (Act). The hierarchy
identified recycling and reuse to be the second key element to effective solid waste
management. Composting of yard waste has been defined by NYSDEC as one form of
recycling/reuse. Therefore, the ' small scale pilot yard waste composting operation is
consistent with both the NYSWMP and Act.
2085M/2 8-1
8.3 Alternatives to the Proposed Action
Alternatives to the proposed action include no -action (i.e., ongoing landfilling),
long-haul, and alternate siting locations. A no -action alternative is not determined to be
acceptable since the Town is committed to compliance with both the goals of the New
York State Solid Waste Management Plan, and Act. The proposed yard waste composting
operations will complement and enhance the Town's commitment to comprehensive
recycling. There are currently no alternative regional or private yard waste composting
operations that can assist the Town in this effort to increase recycling efforts.
Off -island transport and, landfilling, the long haul alternative, has serious
economical and practical drawbacks. Current long hauling costs are in the range of $100
to $200 per ton. Alternative sites are not considered necessary for this small scale pilot
operation due to the Town's ownership of the 60.9 acre piece of land which provides ample
room for the incorporation and expansion of any foreseeable waste reduction facilities.
8.4 Unavoidable Impacts
Initially site preparation and development will require some added payloader,
chipper, and shredder operations, during normal operating hours. Once the new area is
prepared, seeded earth berms would mitigate any visual aspects of the site.
Another unavoidable impact would be the consumptive use of water required during
compost operations. Leaves will be wetted upon receipt at the composting area.
Windrows will also be watered to maintain a 45%-55% moisture content. Water use and
demand will be dependent on the degree of precipitation and the frequency of windrow
turning. This impact is considered insignificant since sufficient water supply capacity is
presently available at the landfill's 500 gpm well.
Reduction of the. amount of materials going towards landfilling is expected to have a
small but beneficial impact on the current solid waste practices in the Town. The
composting operation is another of a recent series of efforts by the Town to increase the
of materials recycled, and ,increase public awareness of the need for and the ease
^•vcling can be accomplished. This is a preparatory step to the ongoing
-J waste management plan currently being developed.
8-2
D&B Drawing No. 1:
Regional and 1Icinity Map
2182M
NO.I DATE
L ON G / S L A N D S O U N D
PROPOSED SITE
\ PLUM ISLAND
moss.5':,...
B K A
R00 VEN H
LI.RR
REVISION
L
A T L A N T/C
INT.
O C E A N
Qv
ROBINS
ISLAND
SHELTER
ISLAND
GARD/NERS
SAY
1
�1 EAST HAMPTON
2,
LI RR
REGIONAL MAP
APPROX. SCALE - I"= 20,000'
UNAUTHORIZED ALTERATION OR ADDITION
TO THIS DOCUMENT IS A VIOLATION OF
SECTION 7209 OF THE NEW YORK STATE
EDUCATION LAW.
PROJECT ENGINEER: DRAWN BY:
A.O.C. H.J.A.
DESIGNED BY: CHECKED BY:
R. R. A.O.C.
FISHERS ISLAND
1
GREAT GULF ISLAND
BLOCK ISLAND SOUND
vp
GARDINERS
ISLAND
O •
AREA OF
YARDWASTE COMPOSTING
OPERATION
,rllrl �'rrllf
Pccollio
.✓ . ,% Frh
1 I S V
Duck PondII
I, 1
»
Point _ - r• � 1 I 'j I 1
17
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1 Il I� 1� I, ` I I 4( 1 l �.
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21
Waterville
" ! ll , � �, ' '� ; J
71
40 Cove
Lim 32 7.
Cutchnt,uc �' ,
• (;utrhnRv��•N G�•� F'Sh '
/ Flee 15•\ r e��,�S
C11 t e it o g lie �n '
1:.. �, l6, /.�%'/ J • --''� �'• � • "%. • •• %l !1 1' it a I' S
1 t/F/• •, "r Wolf Pit c c \ �. 10 � o Country Cruh (i.' Marshllrrr..�(a,r,r
• .: P, C - /` J 1'' Z 4 Fit
Dvirka APPENDIX A
andTOWN OF SOUTHOLD
Bartilucc i
CONSULTING ENGINEERS YARD WASTE
Syosset, New York
COMPOSTING OPERATION
.VICINITY- MAP _
APPROX. SCALE: I"= 2000'
REGIONAL AND VICINITY
MAPS
PROJECT NO. DRAWING NO.
1027
DATE:
3/30/90
SCALE:
AS NOTED
APPENDIX B
D&B Drawing No. 2:
Site Plan and Property Boundaries
APPENDIX C
Sample Facility Log Sheets
2182M
COMPOST FACILITY MONITORING WORKSHEET
FACILITY NAME: DATE:
WINDROW PILE COMBUSTIBLE
NUMBER HEIGHT OXYGEN LEVELS GAS TEMPERATURE ODOR TRASH
Yard Waste Composting Facility
Daily Log Sheet
Date: Operator:
Material Received
Material Truck Type # Loads CY/Load Total Y
Leaves
Subtotal
Grass Clippings
Subtotal
Brush
Subtotal
Other
Subtotal
TOTAL
Compost Removed
Material Volume (CY) Comments
Leaf Compost
Grass Compost
Mulch
Other
Comments
Weather
Wind Direction and Speed
Odor
Water Addition Gallons
Turning Piles
Other
Date(s) Constructed _
Date(s) Removed
Material(s) in Windrow
Initial Windrow
Final Windrow
Yard Waste Composting Facility
Pile Monitoring Sheet
Height
Volume
Height
Volume
Pile #
Ft,'Length Ft
CY
Ft/Length Ft
CY
Yard Waste Compost Facility
Composting Laboratory Worksheet
Sample Name: _
Date Collected:
Date Analyzed:
A. Dry Solids (%TS)
B. Total Volatile Solids (dry weight percent)
r,
Sample Type:
By:
By:
,--
D. Total Nitrogen — TKN (dry weight percent) _
E. Ammonia Nitrogen — NH3 (dry weight percent)
F. Total Phosphorous (dry weight percent)
G. Potassium (dry weight percent)
H. Metals (mg/kg dry sludge):
i. Cd ii. Cu iii. Cr iv. Hg
v. Ni vi. Pb vii. Zn
APPENDIX D
SEQRA Negative Declaration and EAF
2182M
SEQRA
NEGATIVE DECLARATION
NOTICE OF DETERMINATION OF NON -SIGNIFICANCE
Lead Agency: Town of Southold Project: #1027
Address: Town Hall
53095 Main Road
Southold, NY 11971 ,
Date: APR F -1990
This notice is issued pursuant to Part 617 of the implementing regulations pertaining
to Article 8 (State Environmental Quality Review) of the Environmental Conservation
Law.
The Town of Southold, as Lead Agency, has determined that the proposed action
described below is not expected to have a significant effect on the environment.
Title of Action: Small Scale Yard
Waste Composting Operations
SEQR Status: Unlisted
Description of Action:
The Town of Southold proposes to initiate a small scale yard waste composting
operation for less than 3,000 cubic yards of leaves. The proposed area to be used for
composting operations is an approximate 2.5 acre portion of the Town's existing 60.9 acre
solid waste facilities (recycling drop-off bins and landfill). The proposed action is an
expansion of the Town's recycling effort and is designed to reduce the amount of solid
waste that is landfilled.
2180M
This size yard waste composting operation is exempt from regulation as contained in
6 NYCRR Part 360-5.1 (b)(1). However, the design of the operations and area layout
comply with the appropriate sections of 6 NYCRR Part 360-5.4, Part 360-5.5, and Part
360-1.9. An engineering report has been prepared to document the, proposed operation
plans.
I -
Location: Middle Road (CR 48), Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New York
Reasons Supporting this Determination:
Development of a small scale yard waste composting operation is an Unlisted Action
that is not expected to have a significant effect on the environment. Possible beneficial
impacts include increased recycling levels, reduced volume of material that is landfilled
and a potentially marketable end product that can be reused. Proper operations, in
accordance with Part 360 regulations, are expected to mitigate any adverse impacts that
may result from the proposed action.
For Further Information:
Contact Person: Scott L. Harris
Town of Southold
Supervisor
Town Hall
53095 Main Road
Southold, NY 11971
(516) 765-1800
Copies of this Notice Sent to
2180M
Commissioner -Department of Environmental Conservation, 50 Wolf Road, Albany,
New York, 12233-0001
Region I Office Department of Environmental Conservation
14-16-2 (2.87)—'c
617.21 S EO R
Appendix A
State Environmental Quality Review
FULL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FORM
Purpose: The full EAF is designed to help applicants and agencies determine, in an orderly manner, whether a project
or action may be significant. The question of whether an action may be significant is not always easy to answer. Frequent -
Iv, there are aspects of a project that are subjective or unmeasureable. It is also understood that those who determine
significance may have Little or -no formal knowledge of the environment or may be technically expert in environmental
analysis. In addition, many who have knowledge in one particular area may not be aware of the broader concerns affecting
the question of significance.
The full EAF is intended to provide a method whereby applicants and agencies can be'assured that the determination
process has been orderly, comprehensive in nature, yet flexible to allow introduction of information to fit a project or action.
Full EAF Components: The full EAF is comprised of three parts:
Part 1: Provides objective data and information about a given project and its site. By identifying bask project
data, it assists a reviewer in the analysis that takes place in Parts 2 and 3.
Part 2: Focuses on identifying the range of possible impacts that may occur from a project or action. It provides
guidance as to whether an impact is likely to be considered small to moderate or whether it is a potentially -
large impact. The form also identifies whether an impact can .be mitigated or reduced.
Part 3: If any impact in Part 2 is identified as potentialIV-1 arge, then Part 3 is used to evaluate whether or not the
impact is actually important.
DETERMINATION OF SIGNIFICANCE—Type 1 and Unlisted Actions
Identify the Portions of EAF completed for this project: 3 Part -1 ®. Part 2 Z Part 3
Upon review of the information recorded on this EAF (Parts 1 and 2 and 3 if appropriate), and any other supporting
information, and considering both the magitude and importance of each impact, it is reasonably determined by the
lead agency that:
2 A. The project will not result in any large and important impact(s) and, therefore, is one which will not
have a significant impact on the environment, therefore a negative declaration will be prepared.
B. Although the project could have a -significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant
effect for this Unlisted Action because the mitigation measures described in PART 3 have been required,
therefore a CONDITIONED negative declaration will be prepared.*
C. The project may result in one or more large and important impacts that may have a significant impact
on the environment, therefore a positive declaration will be prepared.
• A Conditioned Negative Declaration is only valid for Unlisted Actions
•.• • •ur• •• /•- •� • - •_• 111 • •
Name.of Action
Town of Southold
Name of Lead Agency
Scott L. Harris Supervisor
Xr Type Nam of Responsible Officer in Lead Agency Title of Responsible Officer
Signature of Responsible Officer in Lead Agency Signature o reparer (If different from responsible officer)
- 90
Date
PART 1—PROJECT INFORMATION
Prepared by Project Sponsor
NOTICE: This document Is designed to assist in determining whether the action proposed may have a significant effect
on the 'environment. Please complete the entire form, Parts A through E Answers to these questions will be considered
as part of the application for approval and may be subject to further verification and public review Provide any additional
intormatlon You believe will be needed to complete Parts 2 and 3.
It is expected that completion of the full EAF will be dependent on information currently available and will not involve
new studies. research or Investigation.. If information requiring such additional work is unavailable, so Indicate and specify
each Instance.
NAME OF ACTION
Small Scale Town Yard Waste Composting Operations of 1 Pgc than '1,000 r>>hi r, ya•-��-
LOCATION OF ACTION (Include Strut Address. Municipality and County)
Town owned property, Middle Road, Southold, Suffolk County
NAME OF APPLICANTISPONSOR BUSINESS TELEPHONE
Town of Southold (516)765-1800
ADDRESS
53095 Main Road
STATE ZIP CODE
CITYIPO
Southold/P.0. Box 1179 NY 11971 I
NAME OF OWNER (It different) I BUSINESS TELEPHONE
I ( 1
ADDRESS
JIAIC
CITY/Po
ZIP CODE
DESCRIPTION OF ACTION
Development of a small scale Town yard waste composting operation for less than
3,000 cubic yards of leaves in an area on Town owned property to the east of the
intersection of Middle Road (CR 48) and Cox Lane, in an existing area of the Town
owned landfill.
Please Complete Each Question— Indicate N.A. if not applicable
A. Site Description
Physical setting of overall project, both developed and undeveloped areas.
1 Present land use: CUrban Clndustrial OCommercial OResidential (suburban)
C" Forest OAgriculture 930ther Solid Waste Facilities
2 5
ERural (non-farm)
2. Total acreage of project area: approx acres.
APPROXIMATE ACREAGE
PRESENTLY
AFTER COMPLETION
Meadow or Brushland (Non-agricultural)
acres
acres
Forested
acres
acres
Agricultural (Includes orchards, cropland, pasture, etc.)
acres
acres
Wetland (Freshwater or tidal as per Articles 24, 25 of ECL)
acres
acres
Water Surface Area
acres
acres
Unvegetated (Rock, earth or fill)
acres
acres
Roads, buildings and other paved surfaces
acres
acres
Other (Indicate type) Town owned landfill 60.9
acres
60.9 acres
3. What Is predominant soil type(s) on project site? Sand and gravel
drainage: IRWell drained 100 % of site - OModerately well
% of site.
a.' Soil
-drained
CPoorly drained % of site
b. If any agricultural land is involved, how many acres of soil are classified within soil group 1 through 4 of the NY,
Land Classification System? acres. (See 1 NYCRR 370).
4. 'Are there bedrock outcroppings on project site? ❑Yes I29No
a. What Is depth to bedrock? 500 to 1000 (in feet)
2
5 Approximate percentage of proposed project site with slopes. $0-10°'0 100 0% —10-159/0 °",
_15% or greater %
6 Is project substantially contiguous to. or contain a building, site, or district, listed on the State or the `ational
Registers of Historic Places? Yes !No
7 Is project substantially contiguous to a site listed on the Register of National Natural Landmarks? =Yes rNo
8. What is the depth of the water table? approx 40 feet)
9 Is site located over a primary, principal, or sole source aquifer? 'Yes .No
10 Do hunting, fishing or shell fishing opportunities presently exist in the project area? =Yes INo
11 Does project site contain any species of. plant or animal life that is identified as threatened or endangered?
=Yes _No According to
Identify each species
12. Are there any unique or unusual land forms on the project site? (i.e., cliffs, dunes, other geological formations)
=Yes ZNo Describe
13. Is the project site presently used by the community or neighborhood as an open space or recreation area?
=Yes $No If yes, explain
14. Does the present site include scenic views known to be important to the community?
_;Yes ;x No
15. Streams within or contiguous to project area: "vv
a. Name of Stream and name of River to which it is tributary
16. Lakes, ponds, wetland areas within or contiguous to project area: No
a. Name b. Size '(In acres)
17. Is the site served by existing public utilities? ®Yes GNo
a) If Yes, does sufficient capacity exist to allow connection? ®Yes 0 N
b) If Yes, will improvements be necessary to allow connection? CYes (3No
18. Is the site located in an agricultural district certified pursuant to Agriculture and Markets Law, Article 25 -AA,
Section 303 and 304? CYes C21No
19. Is the site located in or substantially contiguous to a Critical Environmental Area designated pursuant to Article 8
of the ECL, and 6 NYCRR 617? CYes ®No .
20. Has the site ever been used for the disposal of solid or hazardous wastes? IYes . '"No
The 60.9 acre property contains the Town's solid waste management and disposal facilit-
B. Project Description
1. Physical dimensions and scale of project (fill in dimensions as appropriate)
a. Total contiguous acreage owned or controlled by project sponsor 60.9 acres.
b. Project acreage to be developed:' 2.5 acres initially; N/A acres ultimately.
c. Project acreage to remain undeveloped N/A acres.
d. Length of project, in miles: N/A (If appropriate)
e. If the project is an expansion, indicate percent of expansion proposed N/A %;
f. Number of off-street parking spaces existing 0 ; proposed 0
g. Maximum vehicular trips generated per hour N/A (upon completion of project)? Vehicle traffic
h. If residential: Number and type of housing units: enters landfill
One Family Two Family Multiple Family Condominium
Initially N/A N/A N/A N/A
NA NA 'NA N/A
Ultimately
i. Dimensions (in feet) of largest proposed structure 6 height; 16 width; 225 length.
j. Linear feet of frontage along a public thoroughfare project will occupy is? N/A ft.
3
2. How much natural material `i e pock, earth, etc.) will be removed from the site? None — tons,cubic Yards
Minimal Grading
3. Will disturbed areas be reclaimed? =Yes .No AXNiA
a. It yesJor what intend .. purpose is the site being reclaimed?
b. Will topsoil be stockpiled for reclamation? '"Yes '"No
C. -Will upper subsoil be stockpiled for reclamation? '"Yes ONO
4. How many acres of vegetation (trees, shrubs, ground covers) will be removed from site? 2.5 acres
5. Will any mature forest (over 100 years old) or other locally -important vegetation be removed by this project?
'"Yes 2tNo
6. If single phase project: Anticipated period of construction N/A months, (including demolition).
7. If multi -phased: N/A
a. Total number of phases anticipated (number).
b. Anticipated date of commencement phase 1 month year, (including demolition).
c. Approximate completion date of final phase month year.
d. Is phase 1 functionally dependent on subsequent phases? ❑Yes ONO
8. Will blasting occur during construction? ❑Yes ±NO
9. Number of jobs generated: during construction 0 ; after project is complete 0
10. Number of jobs eliminated by this project 0
11. Will project require relocation of any projects or facilities? ❑Yes CZNo If yes, explain
12. Is surface liquid waste disposal involved? OYes ONO
i a. If yes, indicate type of waste (sewage, industrial, etc.) and amount
b. Name of water body into which effluent will be discharged
13. Is subsurface liquid waste disposal involved? ❑Yes ENO Type
14. Will surface area of an existing water body increase or decrease by proposal? ❑Yes ENO
Explain
15. Is project or any portion of project located in a 100 year flood plain? ❑Yes ZINO
16. Will the project generate solid waste? ]Yes ONO Compost for reuse.
a. If yes, what is the amount per month tons
b. If yes, will an existing solid waste facility be used? ®Yes ONO Entrance, Inspection, Staging
c. If yes, give name * Town of Southold L.andfi 11 location Middle Road, Southold
d. Will any wastes not go into a sewage disposal system or into a sanitary landfill? IRYes ENO
e. If Yes, explain End product of composting opprntinn i c� rec3,sled mate ri nl to be mar-k"ec
17. Will the project involve the disposal of solid waste? QYes ONO
a. If yes, what is the anticipated rate of disposal? N/A tons/month.
b. If yes, what is the anticipated site life? N/A years.
18. Will project use herbicides or pesticides? ❑Yes ONO
19. Will project routinely produce odors (more than one hour per day)? ❑Yes E -No
20. Will project produce operating noise exceeding the local ambient noise levels? ❑Yes GnNo
21. Will project result in an increase in energy use? ' CRYes C3 No
If yes , indicate type(s) Fuel for equipment.
22. If water supply is from wells, indicate pumping capacity 500 gallons/minute.
23. Total anticipated water usage per day N/A gallons/day. Applied as needed to windrows.
24. Does project involve Local, State or Federal funding? OYes nNO
If Yes, explain
4
25. Approvals Required: Submittal
Type Date
City, Town, Village Board
Yes
=No Town Board
City, Town, Village Planning Board
—Yes
=No
City, Town Zoning Board '
=Yes
=No
City. County Health Department
=Yes
=No
Other Local Agencies
CYes
=No
Other Regional Agencies
= Yes
-- No
State Agencies
CYes
=No Written Approval
Federal Agencies
CYes
::No
C. Zoning and Planning Information
1 Does proposed action involve a planning or zoning decision? CYes No
If Yes, indicate decision required:
zoning amendment Czoning variance Cspecial use permit Csubdivision L_J plan
new/revision of master plan Cresource management plan Cother
2 What is the zoning classification(s)of the site? "A" Residential—Agricultural, & "C-1" General Industi
3 What is the maximum potential development of the site if developed as permitted by the present zoning?
N/A
4 What is the proposed zoning of the site? "A" Residential—Agricultural, & "C-1" General Industry
5 What is the maximum potential development of the site if developed as permitted by the proposed zoning?
N/A
6 Is the proposed action consistent with the recommended uses in adopted local land use plans? ?tYes No
7 What are the predominant land use(s) and zoning classifications within a '/4 mile radius of proposed action?
Landfill/Solid Waste Facilities
8 Is the proposed action compatible with adjoiningisurrounding land uses within a '/4 mile? 2 -Yes ::No
9 If the proposed action is the subdivision of land, how many lots are proposed? N/A
a. What is the minimum lot size proposed?
_ 10 Will proposed action require any authorization(s) for the formation of sewer or water districts? CYes INo
11 Will the proposed action create a demand for any community provided services (recreation, education, police,
fire protection)? CYes ffNo
a. If yes, is existing capacity sufficient to handle projected demand? CYes CNo
12 Will the proposed action result in the generation of traffic significantly above present levels? CYes ZNo
a. If yes, is the existing road network adequate to handle the additional traffic? CYes C No
D. Informational Detalls
Attach any additional information as may be needed to clarify your project. If there are or may be any adverse
impacts associated with your proposal, please discuss such impacts and the measures which you propose to mitigate or
avoid them.
E. Verification
I certify that the information provided above is true to the best of my knowledge.
ApplicantlSponsor Name S Date , 90
Signature 4Cd_ . Title Supervisor
If the action is in the Coastal Area, and you are a state agency, complete the Coastal Assessment Form before proceeding
with this assessment.
�i
Part 2—PROJECT IMPACTS AND THEIR MAGNITUDE
Responsibility of Lead Agency
General Information (Read Carefully)
• In completing the form the reviewer should be guided by the question: Have my responses and determinations been
reasonable? The reviewer is not expected to be an expert environmental analyst.
• Identifying that an impact will be potentially large (column 2) does not mean that it is also necessarily significant.
Any large impact must be evaluated in PART 3 to determine significance. Identifying an impact in column 2 simply
asks that it be looked at further.
• The Examples provided are to assist the reviewer by showing types of impacts, and wherever possible 'the threshold of
magnitude that would trigger a response in column 2. The examples are generally applicable throughout the State and
for most situations. But, for any specific project or site other examples and/or lower thresholds may be appropriate
for a Potential Large Impact response, thus requiring evaluation in Part 3.
• The impacts of each project, on each site, in each locality, will vary. Therefore, the examples are illustrative and
have been offered as guidance. They do not constitute an exhaustive list of impacts and thresholds to answer each question.
• The number of examples per question does not indicate the importance of each question.
• In identifying impacts, consider long term, short term and cumlative effects.
Instructions (Read carefully)
a. Answer each of the 19 questions in PART 2. Answer Yes if there will be any impact.
b. Maybe answers should be considered as Yes answers.
c. If answering Yes to a question then check the appropriate box (column 1 or 2) to indicate the potential size of the
impact. If impact threshold equals or exceeds any example provided, check column 2. If impact will occur but threshold
is lower than example, check column 1.
d. If reviewer has doubt about size of the impact then consider the impact as potentially large and proceed to PART 3.
e. If a potentially large impact checked in column 2 can be mitigated by change(s) in the project to a small to moderate
impact, also check the Yes box in column 3. A No response indicates.that such a reduction is not possible. This
must be explained in Part 3.
IMPACT ON LAND
1 Will the proposed action result in a physical change to the project site?
ONO INYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Any construction on slopes of 15% or greater, (15 foot rise per 100
foot of length), or where the general slopes in the project area exceed
10%.
•. Construction on land where the depth to the water table is less than
3 feet.
• Construction of paved parking area for 1,000 or more vehicles.
• Construction on land where bedrock is exposed or generally within
3 feet of existing ground surface.
• Construction that will continue for more than 1 year or involve more
than one phase or stage.
• Excavation for mining purposes that would remove more than 1,000
tons of natural material (i.e., rock or soil) per year. ,
• Construction ,or expansion of a sanitary landfill.,
• Construction in a designated floodway.
• Other impacts Removal of on—site vegetation
2 Will there be an effect t.,. _..,y un,que or unusual land forms found on
the site? (i.e., cliffs, dunes, geological formations, etc.)IZNO OYES
• Specific land forms:
6
1
Small to
Moderate
Impact
2
Potential
Large
Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes No
Cl
❑
[]Yes No
❑
❑
❑Yes EN
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑N
❑
❑
El Yes 0 N
❑
❑
E: Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
®
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes [No
IMPACT ON WATER
3 Will proposed action affect any water body designated as protected?
(Under Articles 15, 24, 25 of the Environmental Conservation Law, ECL)
ANO =YES .
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Developable area of site contains a protected water body.
• Dredging more than 100 cubic yards of material from channel of a .
protected stream.
• Extension of utility distribution facilities through a protected water body.
• Construction in a designated freshwater or tidal wetland.
• Other impacts:
4 Will proposed action affect any non -protected existing or new body
of water? —NO CYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• A 10% increase or decrease in the surface area of any body of water
or more than' a 10 acre increase or decrease.
• Construction of a body of water that exceeds 10 acres of surface area.
• Other impacts:
5 Will Proposed Action affect surface or groundwater
quality or quantity? ANO i✓YE5
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action will require a discharge permit.
• Proposed Action requires use of a source of water that does not
have approval to serve proposed (project) action.
• Proposed Action requires water supply from wells with greater than 45
gallons per minute pumping capacity.
• Construction or operation causing any contamination of a water
. supply system.
• Proposed Action will adversely affect. -groundwater.
• Liquid effluent will be conveved off the site to facilities which presently
do not exist or have inadequace capacity.
• Proposed Action would use water in excess of 20,000 gallons per
. day.
• Proposed Action will likely cause siltation or other discharge into an
existing body of water to the extent that there will be an obvious visual
contrast to natural conditions.
• Proposed Action will require the storage of petroleum or chemical
products greater than 1,100 gallons.
• Proposed Action will allow residential uses in areas without water
and/or sewer services.
• Proposed Action locates commercial and/or industrial uses which may
require new or expansion of existing waste treatment and/or storage
facilities.
• Other impacts:
6 Will proposed action alter drainage flow or patterns, or surface
water runoff? ANO =YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action would change flood water flows.
7
1
Small to
Moderate
Impact
2
Potential
Large
Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑Yes _No
❑
;_J Yes _No
❑
LYes _No
❑
❑
CC' Yes .No
❑Yes _No
❑n.
J
❑ Yes _No
❑
❑
Eyes No,
Cl
❑
❑Yes _No
❑
❑
❑Yes No
Cl
❑
_Yes _No
❑.
❑
—Yes —No
❑
U
_Yes No
❑❑
'
r-
❑Yes No
Cl
❑
C: Yes _ No
❑
❑
! ;Yes No
❑
❑
❑Yes _No
Cl
❑
CYes _No
❑
❑
❑Yes _No
❑
❑
Yes _No
❑
C
❑Yes No
❑
❑
❑Yes ' No
• Proposed Action may cause substantial erosion.
• Proposed Action is incompatible with existing drainage patterns.
• Proposed Action will allow development in a designated floodway.
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON AIR
7 Will proposed action affect air quality? [NNO DYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action will induce 1,000 or more vehicle trips in any given
hour.
• Proposed Action will result in the incineration of more than 1 ton of
refuse per hour.
• Emission rate of total contaminants will exceed 5 lbs. per hour or a
heat source producing more than 10 million BTU's per hour.
• Proposed action will allow an increase in the amount of land committed
to industrial use.
• Proposed action will allow an increase in the density of industrial
development within existing industrial areas.
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON PLANTS AND ANIMALS
8 Will Proposed Action affect any threatened or endangered
species? INNO ❑YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Reduction of one or more species listed on the New York or Federal
list, using the site, over or near site or found on the site.
• Removal of any portion of a critical or significant wildlife habitat.
• Application of pesticide or herbicide more than twice a year, other
than for agricultural purposes.
• Other impacts:
9 Will Proposed Action substantially affect non -threatened or
non-endangeted species? IJNO OYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action would substantially interfere with any resident or
migratory fish, shellfish or wildlife species.
• Proposed Action requires the removal of more than 10 acres
of mature forest (over 100 years of age) or other locally important
vegetation.
IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES
10 Will the Proposed Action affect agricultural land resources?
I§NO ❑YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• The proposed action would sever, cross or limit access to agricultural
Land (includes cropland, hayfields, pasture, vineyard, orchard, etc.)
8
1
Small to
Moderate
Impact
2
Potential
Large
Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
C3 Yes E- No
❑
❑
❑Yes 72, No
❑
❑
❑Yes L.No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
Cl
❑
C] Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
Cl
C3 Yes ❑No
❑
❑
[]Yes C1 No
❑
❑
C3 Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes 0 N
❑
❑
C] Yes [I No
❑
❑
Dyes 0 N
❑
❑
CfYes C1 No
Cl
❑
11 Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
• Construction activity would excavate or compact the soil profile of
agricultural land.
• The proposed action would irreversibly convert more than 10 acres
of agricultural land or, if located in an Agricultutal District, more
than 2.5 acres of agricultural land.
• The proposed action would disrupt or prevent installation of agricultural
land management systems (e.g., subsurface drain lines, outlet ditches,
strip cropping); or create a need for such measures (e.g. cause a farm
field to drain poorly due to increased runoff)
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON AESTHETIC RESOURCES
11 Will proposed action affect aesthetic resources? ANO OYES
(If necessary, use the Visual EAF Addendum in Section 617.21,
Appendix B.)
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed land uses, or project components obviously different from
or in sharp contrast to current surrounding land use patterns, whether
man=made or natural.
• Proposed land uses, or project components visible to users of
aesthetic resources which will eliminate or significantly reduce their
enjoyment of the aesthetic qualities of that resource.
• Project components that will result in the elimination or significant
screening of scenic views known to be important to the area.
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON HISTORIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES
12 Will Proposed Action impact any site or structure ofhistoric, pre-
historic or paleontological importance? MNO I]YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action occurring wholly or partially within or substantially
contiguous to any facility or site listed on the State or National Register
of historic places.
• Any impact to an archaeological site or fossil bed located within the
project site.
• Proposed Action will occur in an area designated as sensitive for
archaeological sites on the NYS Site Inventory.
= Other impacts:
IMPACT ON OPEN SPACE AND RECREATION
13 Will Proposed Action affect the quantity or quality of existing or
future open spaces or recreational opportunities?
Examples that would apply to column 2 KNO ❑YES
• The permanent foreclosure of a future recreational opportunity.
• A maior reduction of an open space important to the community.
• Other impacts:
9
i_
1
Small to
Moderate
Impact
2
Potential
Large
Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑
❑
❑Yes `No
❑
Cl
❑Yes ENO
❑
❑
❑Yes ENO
u
❑
❑Yes :No
❑
❑
[]Yes CNo
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
Eyes No
❑
❑
❑Yes CNo
❑
❑
.Yes _1 No
❑
❑
❑Yes Li No
Cl
Cl
C3 Yes 7—J No
❑
❑
❑Yes CN
❑
❑
❑Yes C] No
❑
❑
❑Yes r] No
IMPACT ON TRANSPORTATION
14 Will there be an effect to existing transportation systems?
NNO =YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Alteration of present patterns of movement of people and/or goods.
• Proposed Action will result in major traffic problems.
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON ENERGY
15 Will proposed action affect the community's sources of fuel or
energy supply? NO -YES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action will cause a greater than 5% increase in the use of
any form of energy in the municipality.
• Proposed Action will require the creation or extension of an energy
transmission or supply system to serve more than 50 single or two family
residences or to serve a major commercial or industrial use.
• Other impacts:
NOISE AND ODOR IMPACTS
16. Will there be objectionable odors, noise, or vibration as a result
of the Proposed Action? IJNO DYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Blasting within 1,500 feet of a hospital, school, or other sensitive
facility.
• Odors will occur -routinely (more than one hour per day).
• Proposed Action will produce operating noise exceeding the local
ambient noise levels for noise outside of structures.
• Proposed Action will remove natural barriers that would act as a
noise screen.
• Other impacts:
IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH
17 Will Proposed Action affect public health and safe?
INO DYES
Examples that would apply to column 2
• Proposed Action may cause a risk of explosion or release of hazardous
substances (i.e. oil, pesticides, chemicals, radiation, etc.) in the event of
accident or upset conditions, or there may be a -chronic low level
discharge or emission.
• Proposed Action may result in the burial of "hazardous wastes" in any
form (i.e. toxic, poisonous, highly reactive, radioactive, irritating,
infectious, etc.)
• Storage facilities for one million or more gallons of liquified natural
gas or other flammable liquids.
• Proposed action may result in the excavation or other disturbance
within 2,000 feet of a site used for the disposal of solid or hazardous
waste.
• Other impacts:
10
1
Small to
Moderate
Impact
2
Potential
Large
Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑
❑
❑Yes ONO
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ONO
❑
G
GYes GNo
❑
❑
❑Yes ONO
❑
❑
❑Yes ONO
❑
❑
El Yes ONO
❑
❑
❑Yes 0 N
❑
❑
El Yes ONO
❑
❑❑Yes
❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes []No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑No
❑
❑
❑ Yes ❑ NO
❑
❑
❑Yes C: No
IMPACT ON GROWTH AND CHARACTER
OF COMMUNITY OR NEIGHBORHOOD
18 Will proposed action affect the character of the existing community?
SNO i✓YE5
Examples that would apply to column 2
• The permanent population of the city, town or village in which the
project is located is likely to grow by more than 5%.
• The municipal budget for capital expenditures or operating services
will increase by more than 5% per year as a result of this project.
• Proposed action will conflict with officially adopted plans or goals.
• Proposed action will cause a change in the density of land use.
• Proposed Action will replace or eliminate existing facilities, structures
or areas of historic importance to the community.
• Development will create a demand for additional community services
(e.g. schools, police and fire, etc.)
• Proposed Action will set an, important precedent for future projects.
• Proposed Action will create or eliminate employment.
• Other impacts:
1 2
Small to Potentiai
Moderate Large
Impact Impact
3
Can Impact Be
Mitigated By
Project Change
❑
❑
❑Yes No
7'Yes —No
❑
❑
Yes _,No
❑
❑
❑Yes `No
❑
❑
❑Yes ❑N
❑
❑
❑Yes ::No
❑
❑
E: Yes rNo
❑
Cl
Eyes "__J No
❑
❑
C1 Yes —No
19. Is there, or is there likely to be, public controversy related to
potential adverse environmental impacts? (ANO OYES
If Any Action In Part 2 Is Identified as a Potential Large Impact or
If You Cannot Determine the Magnitude of Impact, Proceed to Part 3
Part 3—EVALUATION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPACTS,
Responsibility of Lead Agency NOT APPLICABLE
Part 3 must be prepared if one or more impact(s) is considered to be potentially large, even if the impact(s) may be
mitigated.
Instructions
Discuss the following for each impact identified in Column 2 of Part 2:
1 Briefly describe the impact.
2. Describe (if applicable) how the impact could be mitigated or reduced to a small to moderate impact by project change(s).
3 Based on the information available, decide if it is reasonable to conclude that this impact is important.
To answer the question of importance, consider:
• The probability of the impact occurring
• The duration of -the impact
• Its irreversibility, including permanently lost resources of value
• Whether the impact can or will be controlled
• The regional consequence of the impact
• Its potential divergence from local needs and goals
• Whether known objections to the project relate to this impact.
(Continue on attachments)
11