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HomeMy WebLinkAboutYard Waste Composting Operations Part 360 Engineering Report/Permit 1993Town of Southold Suffolk County, New York YARD WASTE COMPOSTING OPERATIONS PART 360 ENGINEERING REPORT AND PERMIT APPLICATION Dvirka and Bartilucci Consulting Engineers �. (i OCTOBER 1993 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK YARD WASTE COMPOSTING OPERATIONS PART 360 ENGINEERING'REPORT AND PERMIT APPLICATION OCTOBER 1993 Prepared by: Dvirka and Bartilucci Consulting Engineers Syosset, New York r' f 6964R 1027 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK YARD WASTE COMPOST OPERATIONS PART 360 ENGINEERING REPORT AND PERMIT APPLICATION TABLE OF CONTENTS. Section Title Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose and Scope 1-1 1.2 Status of Solid Waste Management Planning 1-2 1.3 Facility Integration 1-2 ' 1.4 General Facility Description 1-3 2.0 BASELINE SETTING, 2-1 2.1 Regional 2-1 2.2 Vicinity 2-6 2.3 Site 2-9 3.0 ESTIMATES OF WASTE QUANTITIES AND COMPOSITION 3-1 j 3.1 Solid Waste Quantities and Composition 3-1 3.2 Projected Waste Generation Rates 3-5 3.3 Estimated Residential Waste Composition 3-5 and Characteristics 3.4 Town Recycling Efforts 3-8 3.5 Estimates of Yard Waste Quantities and 3-10 Components to be Composted 4.0 EXISTING OPERATIONS 4-1 4.1 Existing Facilities 4-1 4.2 Existing Collection and Disposal Practices 4-5 I 5.0 PROPOSED DESIGN 5-1 . 5.1 General Facility Description and Location 5-1 5.2 Receiving/Staging Area 5-1 5.3 Segregation of Materials 5-3 5-4---PrPprQggssing with Tub Grinder 5-3 �.5 Co ost P 5-4 5.6 Turning Equipment 5-6 5.7 Curing/Storage Area 5-6 6964R/1 1027 i TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Section Title Page 6.0 FACILITY OPERATIONS 6-1 6.1 Yard Waste Composition and Handling 6-1 6.2 Operations Schedule 6-2 6.3 Traffic Flow Pattern 6-3 6.3.1 Scalehouse Procedures 6-3 6.3.2 Site Access Control 6-4 6.3.3 Roadway Maintenance .6-4 6.3.4 Receiving Area Maintenance 6-5 6.4 Unloading Procedures and Inspection 6-5 6.4.1 Facility Signs 6-6 6.4.2 Quality Control Measures for Deliveries 6-6 6.4.3 Inspection of Leaf Deliveries 6-7 6.4.4 Inspection of Brush Deliveries 6-7 6.4.5 Diversion/ Removal of Grass Deliveries 6-8 6.5 Inclement Weather Precautions 6-8 6.6 Equipment Maintenance 6-9 6.7 .Runoff/Run-On Collection and Control 6-10. 6.8 Seed Material Description 6-10 6.9 Preprocessing Procedures for Yard Wastes 6-11 6.9.1 Separation and Material Preparation Procedures 6-11 6.9.2 Shredding Operations 6-12 6.9.3 Blending of Components Prior to Windrow Formation 6-13 6.10 Compost Timing Considerations 6-14 6.11 Windrow Construction 6-15 6.12 Aeration Techniques and Turning Patterns 6-15 6.13 Monitoring of Windrows and Operational Response 6-19 6.13.1 Monitoring Parameters 6-19 6.13.2 Temperature Parameters 6-20 6.13.3 Moisture Parameters 6-21 6.13.4 Observational Monitoring of Windrow Conditions 6-22 6.13.5 Oxygen Meter Usage 6-23 6.13.6 Operational Control and Response Actions 6-24 6.14 Curing/Stabilizing Procedures 6-26 6.15 Personnel Requirements and Responsibilities 6-28 6.16 Operation and Monitoring Records 6-29 6.17 Compost Sampling and Analysis 6-29 6.18 Site Maintenance 6-30 6.18.1 Pad Maintenance 6-30 v 6.18.2 Hydrant/Well Maintenance 6-31 6.18.3 Housekeeping 6-31 6.19 Facility Contingency Plan 6-31 6.19.1 Equipment Breakdown 6-32 6.19.2 Odor Control 6-32 6.19.3 Vector Control 6-33 6.19.4 Emergency Responses 6-33 6.20 Wood Chipping Operations 6-35 6.21 Annual Reporting 6-35 6964R/1 1027 11 i TABLE, OF CONTENTS (continued) APPENDIX A Section Title Page 7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 7-1 SEQRA Negative Declaration and EAF 7.1 Geology, Topography, and Soils 7-1 APPENDIX F 7.2 Water 7-3 7.3 Air 7-4 7.4 Traffic 7-10 7.5 Community Services 7-10 7.6 Noise 7-11 7.7 Odors 7-12 8.0 FACILITY CLOSURE 8-1 9.0 REFERENCES 9-1 Appendices 'Title APPENDIX A Regional and Vicinity Map APPENDIX B Traffic Flow APPENDIX C Site Layout APPENDIX D SEQRA Negative Declaration and EAF - APPENDIX E Part 360 Permit Application APPENDIX F Monitoring Report Forms 1 6964R/1 1027 iii LIST OF TABLES Number Title Page 2.1-1 Population by Community 2-4 2.1-2 Projected Populations 2-5 3.1-1 Cumulative 1992 Monthly Material Summary 3-2 3.2-1 Population Projections 3-6 4.1-1 Southold Town Solid Waste Complex Equipment Inventory 4-2 6-1 Schedule for Windrow Turning 6-17 6-2 Troubleshooting and Response Actions 6-27 6964FI/ 1 . 1027 1v 6964R/1 1027 v LIST OF FIGURES Number Title Page 2.1-1 Regional Map 2-2 2.1-2 Location of Communities 2-3 2.2-1 Site Location Map 2-7 2.2-2 Zoning Map 2-8 2.3-1 Site Layout 2-10 3.1-1 1992 Total Waste Stream 3-3 3.1-2 1992 Monthly Solid Waste Generation 3-4 3.2-1 Population Projections 3-7 3.3-1 Calculated Residential Waste Stream 3-9 3.5-1 Monthly Yard Waste Totals 3-12 3.5-2 Yard Waste Component Percentages 3-13 4.1-1 Collection Center Floor Plan 4-4 7-1 Soil Map 7-2 7-2 Monitoring Wells Located in Vicinity of Landfill 7-5 7-3 Wind Roses 1974-1978 Brookhaven National Laboratories 7-6 7-4a 5 Year Wind Rose by Month 1985-1989 7-7 Islip MacArthur Airport 7-4b 5 Year Wind Rose by Month 1985-1989 7-8 Islip MacArthur Airport 6964R/1 1027 v Section 1 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Town of Southold has directed the preparation of this engineering report as part of the Town's effort to increase recycling and to provide for the • efficient handling/processing of all of the yard waste (exclusive of grass) generated within the Town. The purpose of this engineering report is to describe and document the proposed yard waste compost facility design and operations, to be used for the composting of yard wastes, as provided for in the Town's Solid Waste Management Plan/Generic Environmental Impact Statement, (as updated) and applicable subparts of 6 NYCRR Part 360. 1.1 Purpose and Scope The Town of Southold proposes, through this engineering report, to develop and operate yard waste composting operations at the Town solid waste complex to effect the composting of all of the Town's yard waste (exclusive of grass) as a further implementation of the Town's resource recovery system. Implementation of the proposed yard waste compost operations expands the current recycling program in the Town, and significantly increase recycling and reuse of the Town's yard waste. It is currently proposed that the compost will continue to be distributed to Town residents and landscapers free of charge as well as being used as a component material for the landfill cap. The alternative to the proposed action would be a no -action (i.e., a limited compost effort and long haul of the remainder) choice. A no -action alternative, however, is not considered to be acceptable since the Town is committed to compliance with the guidelines and regulations associated with the Long Island Landfill Law, the New York State Solid Waste Management Plan (and its updates) and Act, and the State 40% recycling goal to be achieved by 1997. The decision for providing composting operations for all yard waste generated (exclusive of grass) in the Town is based on compliance with the aforementioned guidelines and regulations. 6966R/1 1027 1-1 � I f 1.2 Status of Solid Waste Management Planning As a result of the comprehensive State legislative and regulatory actions concerning solid waste facilities, the Town prepared an initial Solid Waste Management Plan (Plan) and commensurate • update in recognition of the need to develop and implement.a program that provides a long-term, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible solution for the disposal of solid waste. Measures that have been taken to date in order to achieve full implementation of the Plan include: o A full-time S.T.O.P. program to remove household toxic materials from the waste stream o A voluntary drop-off and mandatory curbside collection recycling program that currently includes metal cans, plastics, green, brown, and clear glass, vehicle and other batteries, cardboard, newspapers, mixed paper, and waste oil o Stockpiling of tires and white goods for removal/recycling o Adoption and implementation of a special bag law requiring purchase and use of j special .bags for the collection/drop-off of garbage and rubbish handled by the Town transfer operations o A small scale yard waste composting operation for less than 3,000 cubic yards of leaves annually to be upgraded- to a full scale facility for composting all yard waste (exclusive of grass) generated in the Town. The Town has directed the preparation of this engineering report for a solid waste compost facility as an additional measure necessary for the complete implementation of the Solid Waste Management Plan. The Town will compost a total of approximately 9,000 tons per year of yard waste which is approximately 20 to 25 percent of the total waste stream generated in the Town. 1.3 Facility Integration j A collection center is currently maintained and . operated at the Town solid waste complex that is utilized to store and segregate recyclables and residential "household" garbage and rubbish (excluding wood and metal) dropped off by residents. Approximately 39,000 tons of solid waste (including recyclable materials) were received by the Town in 1992. On-site roadways lead directly to the collection center• from the Middle Road 6966R/1 1027 1-2 e I(CR48) entrance. This area is also easily accessible from the weigh station, which currently utilizes dual scales for incoming and outgoing traffic. The Town has been operating an exempt small scale yard waste compost facility for less than 3,000 cubic yards since 1990. The integration of this operation into the Town's recycling reuse and recovery efforts has resulted in an operation that recovered all of the compost product and wood chips generated and distributed these products to residents, landscapers, and others in the Town. The small scale composting operation has been successfully integrated into the Town's solid waste management effort. A full scale operation for composting all yard waste generated in the Town, exclusive of grass, is the next logical progression in expanding the recycling, reuse and recovery efforts of the Town. 1.4 General Facility Description The proposed Facility would involve removal of existing composting materials from the area west and north of the. scalehouse. The site of the small scale composting operations would be regraded to a slope of approximately 2 percent to 5 percent to improve drainage conditions. A pad comprised of packed crushed stone that is 450 feet by 700 feet and is 8 to 12 inches thick would be constructed for windrows of yard waste. Clearing this area of the existing small scale operations to allow resurfacing with hard packed soils and regrading to a 2 percent to 5 percent slope will result in increased site drainage. Windrows of yard waste would be formed on a pad comprised of 8 to 12 inches of packed crushed stone that is 450 feet by 700 feet. Receiving/staging areas, just south of the compost pad, would be established for bagged leaf deliveries, bulk loose leaf deliveries by commercial vehicles and Town Highway Department trucks, and landclearing debris/brush deliveries. A drop-off area for bagged leaves and brush will be established near the collection center for residents delivering materials to the collection center. Preprocessing and woodchipping operations using the Town's tub grinder would occur to the west of the receiving/staging areas. Bagged leaves will be opened by the end of each day and placed in the bulk leaf staging area. Ten windrows of yard waste would be formed on the pad for composting. Town owned 4 cubic yard bucket loader(s) will turn the windrows on a scheduled basis and in response to monitored conditions. Curing and stabilization of the compost product would occur in a separate area to the east of the composting operation. The final compost r� product would be made available to residents and commercial users as well as being used by the Town as one component of the landfill capping materials. r 6966R/1 + 1027 1-3 2.0 BASELINE SETTING This section presents the environmental setting of the Town solid waste complex located on Middle Road (CR48). The description presented below consists of a general overview of ,the area surrounding the proposed composting operations, against which any changes or impacts resulting from implementation of the composting operations can be r evaluated. To simplify discussion of relative directions, this report identifies "north" as toward Long Island Sound, "east" as towards Orient Point, "south" as towards Peconic Bay, and "west" as towards the Town of Riverhead. 2.1 Regional The Town of Southold is located in eastern ISuffolk County on Long Island as shown in Figure 2.1-1. The Town covers approximately 54 square miles, or 34,600 acres, including Fishers, Plum, Little and Great Gull, and Robins Islands. It is bordered by the Peconic Bays and Gardiners Bay to the south, and the Long Island Sound to the north. The Town, along with the Town of Riverhead to the west,, comprises the "North Fork" of the "East End" of Long Island. The Town supports a large agricultural community as well as a seasonal tourist population and a number of weekend/part-time residents. Of the various communities in the Town, the larger residential areas are primarily located in Southold, Cutchogue, Greenport, and Mattituck. Figure 2.1-2 depicts the location of the individual communities found in the Town. } Tables 2.1-1 and 2.1-2 present population data obtained from the Long Island Regional Planning Board and the Long Island Lighting Company. Table 2.1-1 includes population calculations for the individual communities in the Town, as well as Suffolk and Nassau Counties. Table 2.1-2 includes projections for the Town, as well as Nassau and Suffolk Counties. LILCO estimates the population in the Town (1/1/92) to be 19,940. Historic homes, structures, and districtsof significance are catalogued by the Federal government and listed in the National Register of Historic Places published by the U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service. The following historic resources located in the Town are on the National Register: 69678 1027 2-1 NEW NEW JERSEY 1 CONNECTICUT -YORK iy Sou THOLD — Q o • I ;:. TY SUFFOK LCOON 2 NASSAU ' QUEENS COUNTY le ` STATEN ISLAND SOURCE LAMBF-1985 CLODvi rice and CCFw%&f0QW43r4FFJ" Bartiluccl r-dZ(aniic 66aw TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT REGIONAL MAP 5 0 5 10 15 20 SCALE IN MILS FIGURE 2.1-1 IS L r LE GULL RS ZF /SL AND GREAT GULL Pp/ /SL AND Nt 0 5t IpN \q' / GREENPORT GA RD/NERS BAY GREENPORT ONO (UN/NC) Sp / S�tN00 R p SANG � tN N OL,° G 00 PEGONIG y I! O � e Ptt /ItUGK ra • M�E 0tG NO L /TYLE G PECON/C o PNREI, avr m m vREAT ROBIi]/S PECON/C 'ISLAND BAY TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT CLob[LOCATION OF COMMUNITIES e.rsuoa °°""""Oe'°' FIGURE 2.1-2 Total Town of Southold 19,172 Table 2.1-1 +3.5 19,831 19,940 Total Suffolk TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING - ENGINEERING REPORT -8.4 1,323,394 1,324,944 Total Nassau Population by Community Census Designated Census Census % Change Estimate Estimate, Places 4/1/80 4/1/90 1980-1990 1/1/91 1/1/92. Cutchogue 2,404 2,627 +9.3 2,624 2,643 New Suffolk 384 374 -2.6 366 363 East Marion 658 717 +9.0 714 723 Fishers Island 318 329 +3.5 339 337 Greenport Village 2,273 2,070 -8.9 2,068 2,059 Greenport West 1,571 1,614 +2.7 1,610 1,642 Laurel 962 1,094 +13.7 1,101 1,107 Mattituck 3,923 3,902 -0.5 3,907 3,931 Peconic 1,056 1,100 +4.2 1,056 1,100 Southold 4,770 5,192 +8.8 5,188 5,203 Orient 853 817 -4.2 817 820 Total Town of Southold 19,172 19,836 +3.5 19,831 19,940 Total Suffolk County 1,284,231 1,321,977 -8.4 1,323,394 1,324,944 Total Nassau County 1,321,582 1,287,348 -2.6 1,287,065 1,285,735 Bi -County Total 2,605,813 2,609,325 +0.1 2,610,459 2,610,679 Source: LILCO, 1992 6967R .1027 2-4 Source: LIRPB, May 1987. 6967R 1027 2-5 Table 2.1-2 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING — ENGINEERING REPORT Projected Populations Year. Southold Suffolk Countv Nassau Countv Bi—County 1995 23,450 1,468,000 1,339,050 2,807,050 2000 24,100 1,527,450 1,336,300 2,863,750 2005 25,100 1,574,250 1,325,000 2,899,250 2010 26,100 1,614,650 1,308,850 2,923,500 Source: LIRPB, May 1987. 6967R 1027 2-5 o Old House (Cutchogue) o Fort Cutchogue Site (Cutchogue) o David Tuthill. Farmstead (Cutchogue) o Orient Historic District o Greenport Railroad Station o. Richard Cox House (Mattituck) o Greenport Village Historical District -o Gildersleeve Octagonal Building (Mattituck) o Terry—Mulford House (Orient) o James Austin Homestead (Flanders) All of these locations have been identified to be outside of a one mile radius of the proposed transfer station site. 2.2 Vicinity The proposed site for the proposed composting operations is located off of Middle Road (CR48), between Cox Lane and Depot Lane at the Town solid waste complex, and is situated in a rural, agricultural area approximately 2.5 miles east of Mattituck, eight miles west of the Incorporated Village of Greenport, five miles east of the Riverhead/Southold Town line, and approximately 5,000 feet south of the Long Island Sound. The vicinity around the site has a relatively light residential density, with much of the surrounding area consisting of farmland. Mattituck Airport is a privately operated facility for propeller aircraft located in Mattituck approximately 2-1/2 miles southwest of the proposed operations: This is the nearest airport in the vicinity of the site, and is located well outside of the 5,000 foot NYSDEC buffer zone required for airports of this type. It also exceeds the 10,000 foot buffer required for airports that accommodate jet aircraft. A vicinity map is presented on Figure 2.2-1, and in Appendix A. The proposed site for yard waste composting is located on the Town's existing solid waste complex in an agricultural—industrial zoned area, with the existing zoning designated as LI (Light Industrial). Directly adjacent to the northern, eastern, and southern boundaries of the landfill is LI zoned land, and LIO (Light Industrial/Office Park) zoned land is located adjacent to the western boundary. Further to the north, south, east, and west of the solid waste complex is A—C (Agricultural Conservation) zoned land. Figure 2.2-2 illustrates the zoning at the complex and surrounding areas. 6967R 1027 2-6 15 Duck nl p int.. /o_>�� o / �,•� ;•• � \\ \ \ /; v \ems f .,.\ . SOUTHOLD \ LANDFILL ;ou cr \ \ \ �, \ \ ti° \ \'� ,x,10'`, ,;;•`' %- o 57 V \ AGO 7� \ �\r ' : C \ • I ' �C : I �' .\o ,o J• ....,�� D �`� .• a _\ _ \ / � ' �CutCbOjLU2�St3 �30�� acre es p0 0-0, ✓ \ .�, Oo lb ji •\ � Y � 1, �'-•- \ Cutch giie '•.. P 40 r6A 32 . I ,..1'utchoOYe \ ' :\ mil 'I ^• •>_. I NoFord °+ °� I \ �' ` \• �a\„_ - _�� 10 •� I p Cov�UY Clip -� `) BM 11 \ a .' V i �\ \ I�. i.. 'y \vim- '► .. 75 � � �, ••t � u �O a SCALE IN FEET 0 1000 2000 SOURCE: USGS, MATTITUCK HILLS 3 SOUTHOLD QUADRANGLES iiiiii TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT dh0oNDvlrks sL&MG Ew3w1&-ER% and SITE LOCATION MAP Bartflucd FIGURE 2.2-1 y R -4o \\-\ 1-? R R 1 �.+ _ 8�_ a0o. i' • '. '. � \ . A -C\\\ .. � A 1 A -_C. E _f SOUTHOLD LANDFILL LI _ Llo 1Ll 1 _ B ` A -C �\ LEGEND A -C AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION R-40 RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY AA R-80 RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY A R R RESORT/RESIDENTIAL CB LIMITED BUSINESS L I O LIGHTANDUSTRIAL/OFFICE PARK SCALE IN FEET LI LIGHT INDUSTRIAL 800 0 800 1600 SOURCEJOWN OF SOUTHOLD ZONING MAP,1988 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT EMrka O eertii��A ZONING MAP 00MULTMENG.ER FIGURE 2.2-2 r I ti 2.3 Site The Town previously operated a municipal solid waste landfill (landfilling ceased as of October 8, 1993). Currently the Town manages a temporary transfer operation, a small scale yard waste composting operation, and a number of recycling activities at the solid waste complex in Cutchogue, Suffolk County, New York. The Town has applied for a r Part 360 permit to construct and operate a permanent transfer station adjacent to the collection center. The existing Town solid waste complex comprises approximately 61.9 acres (including approximately 17 acres on Town property to the north of the landfill area which was used as a mining/borrow area). The Town's complex is located to the north of Middle Road (CR48) along the western side of Cox Lane. It is south of Oregon Road and east of Depot Lane. As such, the complex is located slightly to the west of the center of the Town. The only entrance to the complex fronts along Middle Road, as indicated on Figure 2.2-1. A site layout of the Town solid waste complex including the proposed composting operations is shown on Figure 2.3-1 and on the drawing in Appendix C. The yard waste composting operation is not expected to adversely affect other existing on-site operations at the collection center for residential drop-offs of recyclables, and household waste or the transfer operations for garbage, rubbish, C&D debris and concrete. The proposed operations, located on approximately 7.2 acres of the complex, will replace the existing small scale operations on that portion of the site. Another drop-off area for bagged leaves and brush will be: established on the eastside of 11 the collection center near the small appliance/furniture swap area. Three receiving/staging areas will be established for bagged leaven _ioose/bulk leaves, and brush and landclearing debris. Other components of the composting operation include use of the tub grinder to preprocess yard wastes for composting and to make wood chips, and the curing/stabilizing area for the temporary storage and stockpiling of the compost product. ! Existing and new traffic patterns will facilitate orderly residential and commercial vehicle , flow around the complex. Electricity to the scalehouse, storage garage, and collection center is currently supplied by LILCO. NYNEX provides telephone service to the complex at the collection center and scalehouse. Water is supplied to the complex by on-site wells. There is an existing 500 gallon per minute (gpm) well and hydrant that will be incorporated into the composting operations. Potable water is present in the collection center and storage garage. The site layout and property boundary map .is provided in Appendix C. 6967R 1027 2-9 a Li J 1 BORROW AREA \ (NOT IN USE) TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT DvWw Nt,d SITE LAYOUT FIGURE 2.3-1 50 ' HORIZONTAL I ' \` SEPARATION I� 1 1 CUR/NG D/STANCE 1 I`I ,/.� j STORAGE AREA cl COMPOST I _13 PAD / TEMPORARY TRsWSFEf�\\ 1 / \ `; AREA 1 EXI9TING I •I LANDFILL AREA OVERHEAD I 1 ELECTRIC LINES —� 1 /; • 1 �— WASTE OIL /� 11 STORAGE FROPOSED BAGGED \\\ LEAF Q BRUSH - 7e%1 a DROP-OFF RECEIVING/STAG/NG J AREAS •C� u COLLECTION CENTER s/� ->IebeT 1 n 9-ev7e .. • • i } • P>• WEIGHING •� STATION 1 111 Jj 1 STORAat :' a i I' ;' je o .it GARAGE -:=�-�' 11 '0 j"i d 200 HORIZONTAL SEPARATION D/STANCE LEGEND PROPOSED PERMANENT EXI9TING BUILDING O. TRANSFER STAT/ON j ON LANDFILLLLSITE /�/'•,� �' ---+—�— EXISTING FENCE LINE i s-eoTei • EXISTING GROUND WATER Ro�6' MONITORING WELL -%� TH F tCALE INTTT OA N o 0o too too TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT DvWw Nt,d SITE LAYOUT FIGURE 2.3-1 3:0 ESTIMATES OF WASTE QUANTITIES AND COMPOSITION This section discusses the Town's current waste generation, composition, and characteristics of the residential portion of the waste stream, and the component fractions of 'the yard waste received by the Town. The proposed operations will accept bagged and loose bulk deliveries of leaves, brush- and inspect landclearing debris for additional yard waste to be composted. Only yard wastes generated within the Town will -_ be accepted. The following g quantification and characterization of the total waste stream is discussed in order to characterize and quantify the residual portion of the waste stream. Population data and future solid waste generation projections are also presented through the year 2015. 3.1 Solid Waste Quantities and Composition . It is estimated that, on average, approximately 107 tons per day of municipal solid waste was delivered to the Town's solid waste complex during 1992. This estimate is based on the 1992 scalehouse annual summary which reflects data from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1992. The total waste tonnage for 1992 was 39,313 tons. Summaries of scale data for. 1992 are presented on Table 3.1-1, and are shown graphically on Figure 3.1-1. As shown on Table 3.1-1, the municipal solid waste delivered to the complex is classified by dominant component by the scalehouse operator into 17 waste categories. ' - Some of these waste categories are identified as outgoing. These outgoing categories are materials which were brought to the complex as source separated materials and were recycled. Resident and commercial users of compost and wood chips were not included as outgoing categories. Only incoming loads of leaves, brush, landclearing debris, mulch, and household wastes went over the scales and can be used to quantify the amount of yard waste generated in the Town. Figure 3.1-2 illustrates average monthly waste generation estimates for 1992 based on available scalehouse data for the total waste stream presented on Table 3.1-1. As shown on this figure', thegreatest volumes of waste were received from April through - October. For the purposes of this document, the analysis of future waste generation projections in the Town will incorporate much of the analyses contained in Section 2.2 of 6968R/1 1027 3-1 Table 3.1-1 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT Cumulative 1992 Monthly Material Summary (Tons) WASTE CATEGORY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG I SEP OCT NOV_ DEC Two Tons A .TPD Brush 214.55 98.84 202.49 953.95 371.35 327.42 249.96 202.33 .211.62 247.56 601.17 614.47 4295.71 11.77 C&D 773.66 333.64 532.01 692.56 561.92 604.13 493.73 391.00 428.67 717.43 522.32 636.44 6687.51 18.32 Concrete 61.55 15.43 11.95 40.40 61.80 37.26 43.45 69.16 12.34 41.39 12.95 37.93 445.61 1.22 Landclearing 118.95 64.03 124.11 148.87 123.59 140.50 157.24 84.08 140.11 155.63 168.28 - 183.60 1608.99 4.41 Rubbish 151.52 144.22 253.75 232.89 198.53 329.59 225.13 190.77 210.58 231.95 202.28 243.58 2614.79 7.16 Scrap Metal (outgoing) 48.94 20.00 30.00• 40.13 67.64 70.76 30.03 63.66 41.46 100.00 51.44 25.73 589.79 1.62 Tires (outgoing) 11.43 15.00 15.00 26.63 15.00 19.00 21.98 23.86 23.68 15.04 20.00 23.56 230.18 0.63 Agricultural 20.83 12.68 19.00 14.35 0.14 2.89 2.68 11.41 62.70 107.37 267.47 112.57 634.09 1.74 Garbage 926.45 687.60 1139.46 960.59 1197.11 1250.64 1534.92 1518.64 1379.89 1337.19 1464.98 1139.02 14536.49 39.83 Grass 0.00 0.13 2.03 31.66 182.69 191.81 120.54 158.34 123.81 96.18 14.50 0.76 922.45 2.53 Leaves/Mulch 87.25 29.05 107.03 335.86 154.16 98.03 66.67 41.96 25.70 87.69 988.43 685.49 2713.32 7.43 Sand/Sod 138.93 5.06 46.85 94.82 142.69 75.30 84.00 188.30 151.40 127.59 24.30 199.86 1279.10 3.50 Shellfish 0.20 0.12 0.03 0.00 2.85 14.13 11.88 1.72 2.19 18.60 21.21 3.78 76.71 0.21 Sludge 2.02 0.00 13.19 14.12 3.23 16.81 37.84 49.79 68.02 60.70 38.26. 14.58 312.56 0.86 Wood Chips 1.71 9.47 7.60 10.49 26.39 7.64 34.14 23.76 25.52 17.35 18.83 21.20 204.10 0.56 Household Recyclables 119.40 136.66 152:16 154.88 185.94 225.43 189.51 205.66 196.05 195.40 162.44 176.63 2100.16 5.75 Waste Oil 3.561 3.871 3.721 4.511 6.721 4.511 6.281 6.24 5.71 5.89 6.52 3.95 61.48 0.17 TOTAL 2680.951 1575.801 2660.381 3756.711 3301.751 3415.851 3309.951 3236.68 1 3106.451 3862.96 1 4-582-411 4123.15 39313 - 107 7f Source: Town 1992 Scalehouse data TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Engineering Report Total Waste Stream (Average % By Weight) Grass 2,3% Leaves/Mulch 6.9% Sand/Sod 3.3% Brush 10,E Garbage 37,0% C&D 17.0% Source. 1992 Town Scale Data 'OTHER: Concrete - 1,0% Sludge - 0.8% Tires - 0.6% Wood Chips - 0.5% Shellfish - 0.2% Waste Oil - 0.2% Household Recyc, 5,3% Other" 3,4% Scrap Metal 1.5% ubbish 6,7% earing 4.1% Agricultural 1,6% FIGURE 3.1-1 � , the Town's Solid Waste Management Plan, but will use the 1992 "base" year estimate of 107 tons per day for all future waste generation projections. The quantity and composition of yard wastes are presented in Section 3.5. 3.2 Projected Waste Generation Rates Estimates of future waste generation and generation rates are based on population projections. This section discusses population projections and provides estimated future waste quantities for the total waste stream of the Town of Southold. The Town, as well as other "East End" Long Island towns, consists of year-round residents and seasonal ("summer season") residents and tourists which cause the yearly population to fluctuate. The "summer season" residents and tourists can cause ,a dramatic change in population in the Town. Accordingly, estimated seasonal population data has been analyzed along with year-round population data. Table 3.2-1 illustrates population projections through the year 2010 obtained from LILCO estimates and the Long Island Regional Planning Board. The table includes population projections based on year-round residents, summer season increase, summer season population, and a "weighted" population estimate. The "weighted" population estimate factors in the summer seasonal increase in population. Therefore, it represents a more accurate year-round population estimate. Figure 3.2-1 shows this dramatic population variation, including year-round population estimates, summer seasonal increases, summer season population estimates, and a "weighted" population estimate. Future total waste generation in the Town is expected to increase from 107.7 tpd in 1992, to 134.2 tpd in 2000. 3.3 Estimated Residential Waste Composition and Characteristics Section 3.1 discussed the Town's total solid waste generation quantities and characteristics. This section discusses, on the composition and characteristics of the residential portion of the Town's solid waste stream, since this classification accounts for almost 60 percent of the Town's waste stream. The estimated the compositional characteristics of the residential portion of the waste stream was used to quantify the volume of yard wastes to be handled by the composting operations. L 6968R/1 1027 3-5 Table 3.2-1 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING — ENGINEERING REPORT Population Projections* * Based on LILCO's 1992 estimates and May 1987 Long Island Regional Planning Board population projections. Includes Fishers Island. ** Extrapolated using average projected population growth from 2000 to 2010. 6968R/1 1027 3-6 Estimated Summer Yearly Summer Season "Weighted" Population Season Population Population Year Estimate Increase Estimate Estimate 1992 19,940 10,000 29,940 23,273 1995 23,450 10,000 33,450 26,783 2000 24,100 10,000 34,100 27,433 2005 25,100 10,000 35,100 28,433 2010 26,100 10,000 36,100. 29,433 2015** 27,100 10,000 37,100 30,433 * Based on LILCO's 1992 estimates and May 1987 Long Island Regional Planning Board population projections. Includes Fishers Island. ** Extrapolated using average projected population growth from 2000 to 2010. 6968R/1 1027 3-6 w 30 20 10 A TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Engineering Report Population Projections * Population Estimate (Thousands) 1992 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year ME Yearly Pop. ® Summer Increase ffifl Summer Pop. 0 "Weighted" Pop. • Based on LILCO 1992 estimates & May 1987 LIRPB pop. proj. FIGURE 3.2-1 r Composition and characterization information was initially obtained from a May 1989 field solid waste compositional analysis. This data was used in conjunction with scalehouse data presented in Section 3.1. Local and national available information was considered in determining the Town's calculated residential waste stream material component breakdown (excluding landclearing and C&D debris). Figure 3.3=1 summarizes the calculated percent by weight of the major material component categories for the residential waste stream. The following list of material components of the residential waste stream presents the percent of each component by weight. This list shows all materials found in the total waste stream, excluding landclearing debris and C&D debris. The residential components list includes: *Totals may not add to exactly 100.009 due to rounding. 3.4 Town Recycling Efforts Use of the residential drop-off area at the collection center is free. Materials currently being accepted for. recycling include: o Metal containers o Newspaper o Plastic containers o Bulk metal o Glass (brown, green, clear) o Waste oil 6968R/1 1027 3-8 Residential waste stream % by weight excluding Material Component landclearing and C&D debris Paper 29.1 Plastics 6.5 Food 10.5 Ferrous Metals 6.9 Nonferrous Metals 1.3 Batteries 0.1 Glass 5.4 Wood 5.1 Rubber 2.1 Other & Fines 3.7 Yard Waste 20.4 Bulky Waste 3.4 Misc. 5.1 TOTAL. 100%* *Totals may not add to exactly 100.009 due to rounding. 3.4 Town Recycling Efforts Use of the residential drop-off area at the collection center is free. Materials currently being accepted for. recycling include: o Metal containers o Newspaper o Plastic containers o Bulk metal o Glass (brown, green, clear) o Waste oil 6968R/1 1027 3-8 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Engineering Report Residential Waste Stream (% By Weight) Plastics 6,59 Food 10,5% Paper 29,2% Rubber 2.1% Source: 1992 Town Scale Data & 1989 Composition and Characterization Survey (1-12M, 1989) Other & Fines/ 8.8% Misc. Bulky waste 3.4% Waste 20,5% FIGURE 3.3-1 o Automobile batteries o Clothing o Tires o Leaves and light brush o Household hazardous waste o Household batteries o Cardboard o Mixed paper (other than cardboard) The Town has implemented a mandatory curbside recyclable collection program. Residents are required to separate green, brown, and clear glass, plastic (HDPE #1 and 2), tin and aluminum (commingled), newspaper, and cardboard. Collections of recyclables from customers are currently performed once every other week. Deliveries of recyclables from carters are currently accommodated at the bi-level drop-off station near the collection center, and do not interfere with current public drop-off practices at the collection center. In 1992 the Town recovered and recycled approximately 4;438 tons of materials from 17 different categories of materials. Processing of these recyclables occurs outside of the Town. Brush and branches from both commercial and residential drop-offs have been processed into wood chips at the site and by the Town Highway Department. Over 1,336 tons of composted leaves and brush were recovered in 1992. 3.5 Estimates of Yard Waste Quantities and Components to be Composted As previously stated, approximately 39,313 tons of solid waste were delivered to the Town's solid waste complex during 1992. This total includes items that are not expected to require composting part of the proposed total operations, specifically items such as garbage, rubbish, C&D, recyclables, tires, batteries and white goods. Therefore, the amount of waste that would be processed through the composting operations is much less than the estimated total waste stream delivered to the complex. Additionally, the waste stream is further reduced by the Town's S.T.O.P. program that removes household hazardous wastes from this total. 6968R/1 1027 3-10' The yard waste handled by the composting operations includes the following scalehouse categories: o Brush r , o Leaves/Mulch o Landclearing Debris o Wood Chips While grass is a category normally included under the collective heading of yard waste, grass will not be accepted or included in the composting operations. Because grass can consume large quantities of oxygen and decomposes faster than leaves or brush, odor generation can be a significant concern• when composting grass. As such, to maintain aerobic conditions, and minimize the potential for odor formation, grass will be segregated from other yard wastes and not incorporated into the proposed composting operations. ' Figure 3.5-1 presents the monthly total tons of yard waste received in 1992. As shown the peak months are November and December which accounted for over 37 percent of the 8,822 tons of yard waste delivered, exclusive of grass, to the Town in 1992. The r proposed composting operations have been sized to compost approximately 9,000 tons per year. Figure 3.5-2 presents the percentage breakdown of the components comprising the { total yard waste received by the Town. As shown, brush comprises approximately 49 percent of the yard waste category. Leaves/mulch account for approximately 31 percent of all yard wastes, while landclearing debris comprises approximately 18 percent and wood chips just over 2 percent of all yard waste. Grass, which comprised approximately 2 percent of the Town's total waste stream in 1992, was not included in the < component breakdown of the yard wastes since it will not be composted by this operation. A portion of landclearing debris, such as stumps and logs, will be processed into wood chips by the Town's tub grinder. A portion of those wood chips and some of the wood chips received by the Town are expected to be distributed directly to residents and commercial interests. This portion of wood chips not sent to the composting operation cannot be 6968R/1 1027 3-11 7 -� - � - - -- - - � � � -- '-- � -- - - � --- -, - --7 -- -- - - - - u - ' Landclearing 18.2% TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Component Percentages Percent by Weight Leaves/Mulch 30.8% Based on 1992 Scale Data Does not include Grass ish 48.7% Chips 2.3% FIGURE 3.5-2 estimated at this time. The amount of wood chips directly used and distributed will depend on demand for a wood chip product, the Town's continued use of wood chips for + edging and landscaping at the complex, and the type/volume of landclearing debris received by the Town. However, the yard waste composting operation has been sized to accommodate all wood chips into the operation. 6968R/1 1027 3-14 1 4.0 EXISTING OPERATIONS This section describes the existing solid waste management practices and the current status of existing solid waste operations in the Town of Southold. 4.1 Existing Facilities The Town owns and operates a solid waste complex that receives virtually all of the municipal solid waste generated and disposed of in the Town. This includes municipal solid waste from residential, commercial, institutional, agricultural, and industrial sources. Table 4.1-1 presents an inventory of the equipment currently maintained by the Town at the complex in Cutchogue. The Town's existing solid waste complex is comprised of a number of areas that accommodate the site's various operational needs. These areas include: o Scalehouse and weigh station o Collection center o Permanent household hazardous waste drop-off and containment facility o Voluntary recycling drop-off center o Bi -level drop-off station for bulk deliveries of recyclables o Waste oil storage area for recycling o Small scale. yard waste composting area o Landfill area (landfilling operations ceased October 9, 1993) o Tire stockpile area for recycling o White good (household appliance) stockpile area for recycling o Landclearing debris area o Temporary C&D and concrete transfer area o Temporary garbage and rubbish transfer operations o Borrow/mining area (no longer used) , o Perimeter fencing/natural buffer zone. 6969R/1 1027 4-1 1 Table 4.1-1 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Southold Town Solid Waste Complex Equipment Inventory International Tractor Mower Brockway Truck Tractor Homemade Trailer Royer Hydrostatic Shredder 510B Payloader H90E Payloader Caterpillar D-60 Brown Bear Cub w/Compost Auger Steco Trailer Steco Trailer Komatsu 4-1/4 yd. Payloader W.H.O. Tub Grinder Note: Air Compressor #4218 Welder #71-560948 Steam Cleaner Air Grease Pump Dodge Ram 50 Pickup Caterpillar 816B Compactor 40 Yard Roll -Off Container Q.C.I) 40 Yard Roll -Off Container w/Compartments Mack Dump Truck Generator 55 kw Fork Lift Attachment GMC Water Truck* *Available from Town Highway Department Source: Southold Department of Public Works 6969R/1 1027 4-2 �- The site is entered. from Middle Road (CR48). Town residents are directed to the collection center before the scalehouse by signs and Town personnel. The collection i center, is utilized to receive recyclables and household garbage from residents. It is located to the west of the household hazardous waste containment facility and south of the bi-level drop-off facility for collection vehicle deliveries of recyclables. At present, there are recycling drop-off bins at the collection center for metal cans, plastics, green, (` brown, and clear glass,, mixed paper, and cardboard. Additionally, inside the collection center there are residential drop-off areas designated for household hazardous wastes, batteries, newspapers, and clothing. The floor plan of the collection center is shown on Figure 4.1-1. i - The Town, in order to comply with the October 9, 1993 deadline to cease landfilling recently began State authorized temporary emergency transfer operations at the site. Concrete and C&D debris are handled at a location north of the scalehouse, along existing on-site roads. Residential drop-off of garbage still occurs in the west trailer bay within the collection center. Carters unload garbage and rubbish in the east trailer bay where the wastes are scooped up by a bucket loader and put into a transfer trailer that is ;- approximately 100 feet to 200 feet east of the collection center. These temporary transfer operations are expected to be used for approximately 6 to 12 months (from October 1993) until the permanent transfer station has been permitted, constructed and placed into operation. The proposed permanent transfer station is to be constructed on the north side of the collection center. Permitting, construction and start-up are anticipated to take 6 months, but may take up to one year to complete. The transfer station is expected to be the long term operation for handling the Town's residual waste materials after recycling, recovery, and reusing as much of the waste stream as economically and environmentally practical. Residential waste, exclusive of recyclables, is brought inside the collection center where it is unloaded by the residents into the trailer pit situated in a lower level, drive through loading ramp: This "direct -dump" transfer operation allows for an efficient operation that can be utilized with minimum rehandling, of wastes. The Town's S.T.O.P. program (Stop Throwing Out Pollutants) utilizes an initial collection point for drop-off of hazardous materials inside the collection center. These materials are then transferred daily to the permanent containment facility situated adjacent to the east side of the collection center. 6969R/1 1027 4-3 -�—-- TEMPORARY UNLOAD/NG AREA 100' FOR CARTERS 50' I' 1' TRANSFER PUSHWALL TRAIL DOWN RAMP DOWN RAMP -- -- n;ORA/N---- - 1 : UR�N6 E GRADED AREA - N �- 48' _ N NEWSPAPER 1 _ Lld— m Q/4bP OFF " I'THICK CONC. 3'WIDE,6'HIGH CURBINGC yygONC WA L L io N CLOTHING l B/N I L_IJ LlJ 1 —�� L2�AlT/NUAVS &VkC VENT RUNN/AG FULL L ENGIN OF ROOF STRUCTURE rl-1 r I -I i -l -A LTJ I BATTERY SHOP DROP OFF AREA [r' p L-� OFF/CE R. R V. _ - L14 5' _ 14' /9ES/LENT/AL % B�XB 1- BEANS h GARAGE �- DROP OFF-�- A A FOR i RECYCLABLES -` 20' _ = 20' — 20' 3' -23'. 100' N_ PROPOSED 84GGED LEAF AND BRUSH DROP OFF AREA 3-1/2' APPROXIMATE SCALE`1"=20' TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT Cld, �j a, EXISTING COLLECTION CENTER FLOOR PLAN FIGURE 4.1-1 OO/ilA I E(. fN(iIEENS i r, I SKYL,/GHTS r h rh 7 I CALLECT/ON el WWA5 rf L O HAZARDOUS *1-05 LOC.SI --I L 1 L J �_L L I� I J L L - I 2RAAINEIRJNN/N cAsr GOFUGLATLENGTH OF I f STRUCTURE CLOTHING l B/N I L_IJ LlJ 1 —�� L2�AlT/NUAVS &VkC VENT RUNN/AG FULL L ENGIN OF ROOF STRUCTURE rl-1 r I -I i -l -A LTJ I BATTERY SHOP DROP OFF AREA [r' p L-� OFF/CE R. R V. _ - L14 5' _ 14' /9ES/LENT/AL % B�XB 1- BEANS h GARAGE �- DROP OFF-�- A A FOR i RECYCLABLES -` 20' _ = 20' — 20' 3' -23'. 100' N_ PROPOSED 84GGED LEAF AND BRUSH DROP OFF AREA 3-1/2' APPROXIMATE SCALE`1"=20' TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT Cld, �j a, EXISTING COLLECTION CENTER FLOOR PLAN FIGURE 4.1-1 OO/ilA I E(. fN(iIEENS i ;1 The Town constructed the bi-level drop-off station for the expected increase in bulk deliveries of recyclable's as a result .of the Town's mandatory recycling program that was cr implemented in early 1991. It is located to the west of the collection center, and consists of roll -off containers situated below grade. They are currently used for the receipt of i �• metal cans, plastics, and green, brown and clear glass. Additionally, a larger covered trailer is used to store newspapers and cardboard to the north of the collection center behind the waste oil storage area. Waste oil brought to the site by residents is placed in a storage tank' located to the i, east of the collection center and south of the garbage transfer trailer for wastes delivered by carters. When full, the waste oil is picked up by a licensed NYSDEC waste oil collector. Major household appliances (white goods), and tires are stockpiled for removal at separate sections of the complex. Application was made to NYSDEC on April 10, 1990 for approval of a small scale yard waste composting operation of less than 3,000 cubic yards for leaves. State approval. was granted on May 2, 1990, and this limited composting operation has been underway at the site since then. Brush and landclearing debris are chipped at a designated location at the complex. A tub grinder is used to process the brush, reducing the volume and producing a marketable commodity in wood chips. Approximately 4,296 tons of brush were received at the solid waste complex in 1992. Li 4.2 Existing Collection and Disposal Practices In order to increase recycling efforts and participation, the Town instituted on October 9, 1993 the use of a special bag program for collection and drop-off of garbage. These bags can only contain garbage; recyclable materials are excluded by law, from being placed into the bags. In order to encourage recycling, the bags are priced at $1.50 per bag. At this cost, it is expected that reduction of the wastes placed into these bags to maximize the volume of putrescible garbage, would result in increased recovery of recyclable materials. Carters may not collect garbage that is not placed into these special bags, and residents using the collection center may not drop-off garbage that is not in these special bags. Town personnel at the complex are to inspect and enforce the new bag collection system. 6969R/1 1027 4-5 for residential, commercial, Collection by Town permitted carters is available. institutional, and industrial customers on an individual contract basis. Commercial, Y institutional, and industrial waste generators can deliver their own wastes to the complex ~ provided they are licensed by the Town. The; two largest carters that use the complex are the North Fork Sanitation Service r� (approximately 3,500 households), and the Mattituck Sanitation Company (approximately 1,500 households). These two carters both utilize four to five 21 yard packers and 20 to 60 yard roll -offs. There are several other small carters that use the complex on a regular basis (Monday through Saturday). On the average, residential pick ups are performed twice a week. Inspection of incoming wastes delivered to the complex is achieved in two ways. Commercial vehicles, including carters, are initially screened at the scalehouse before proceedings to the appropriate operation or area at the site. At the collection center, personnel inspect deposited materials as they work. Carters unloading garbage/rubbish in the trailer bay are inspected as they dump, and as the equipment operator picks up garbage and loads the transfer trailer. The following presents a brief description of relevant local solid waste ordinances, regulations, and laws in the Town. Town Disposal Bags: 'As of October 9, 1993 all garbage can be picked -up by carters 4 or dropped -off by residents only if in specially marked Town bags. Bags can be purchased for $1.50 per bag. All recyclable materials handled by the Town are not to be placed in the special bags; only garbage can be placed in the bag. Recyclable Materials: Recycling is mandated by Town law. The new bag system for garbage specifically excludes recyclable materials and the per bag cost encourages reduction of the amount of waste placed in the bag. Residents can either source separate recyclables as per their carter's instructions or drop-off recyclables free of charge (but with a permit) at the complex. 6969R/1 1 027 4-6 Carter Permits: A Town permit is required for a carter to collect any form of solid or scavenger waste in the Town. An application with all required information must be submitted to the Town by the carter. Residential Permits: Residents are allowed unlimited use of the landfill complex with a permit. Permits can be purchased at the Town Clerk's office. Permits may be r- revoked by the Town Board after notice and hearing for violations. 0 J Use of Town Facilities: Only licensed carters with permitted waste vehicles and Town residents can use the Town solid waste facilities. A per load fee is charged to residents owning a noncommercial vehicle of less than one ton capacity which does not possess a permit. A per load fee is placed on single axle trucks without a permit. Double axle trucks without a permit are charged by the load. Penalties for Offenses: Violations are punishable by a fine and/or by imprisonment. Any person committing an offense is subject to a civil penalty enforceable and collectible by the Town. Littering is prohibited everywhere in the Town. It is a violation of Town law to bring wastes into the Town (from outside of Town borders) for disposal. 6969R/1 1027 4-7 Section 5 rj � 5.0 PROPOSED DESIGN The Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Facility has been designed to be a low technology, aerobic operation for composting yard wastes, which will expand the Town's effort to reduce, recycle, and reuse their solid waste. No additional equipment, beyond a new tub grinder that is being acquired, will be needed by the Town in order to implement expanded compost operations. The only other significant expenditure will be for constructing the crushed stone pad on which composting will occur using the windrow method of composting. Engineering drawings have been prepared along with this engineering report. Appendices A, B and C of this report present four of the drawings for use in reviewing this report. 5.1 General Facility Description and Location The composting operations will be performed on a crushed stone pad on an approximately seven acre portion of the Town's property on the western portion of the solid waste complex. Receiving/staging areas will be established near the southern end of the compost pad. Curing/stabilizing of the final compost product would occur in a separate portion of the site to the east of the main landfill area. Appendix B presents the site layout for the composting operations. Yard waste will be sorted and/or preprocessed, as described in Section 6 of this report, and placed into windrows on the compost pad. A bucket loader will turn the windrows on a scheduled basis and in response to scheduled monitoring to maintain aerobic - conditions, as discussed in Section 6. Composting time is estimated to be approximately six months from initial formation of a windrow to distribution of the final product. The exact compost time depends in large part 'to the intended use of the final compost. The compost pad has been designed to accommodate over 9,000 tons of composting yard wastes in a year. 5.2 Receiving/Staging Areas Residents who drop off recyclables and waste materials at the collection center will be provided with an area near the collection center to drop off bagged leaves and brush. This receiving area will be near the Town's small appliance and furniture swap area 6986R/1 1027 5-1 on the east side of the collection center. As with other recyclable materials handled by the Town, leaves and brush would be segregated from other wastes prior to the resident entering and using the collection center trailer.- Signs to be posted will clearly indicate that only bagged leaves and brush would be accepted at this location, and that grass is not to be placed in this receiving area. Periodically throughout the day the bagged yard waste dropped off at the collection center would be brought to the bagged leaf receiving/staging area near the compost pad. Residents with trailers, personal pickup trucks, or large loads of bagged leaves, loose bulk 1 leaves or brush will be directed by site personnel to deposit the yard wastes at the appropriate receiving/staging area near the compost pad to the west of the collection center. These vehicles that are normally weighed at the scalehouse would continue to have the load of yard waste weighed before depositing the material in the receiving/staging area. Three receiving/staging subareas will be established south of the composting pad, �. and west and a little north of the scalehouse. The subareas will be established for bagged leaves, bulk deliveries of loose leaves, and brush/landclearing debris. Due to seasonal variations in the types and quantities of yard wastes that are anticipated to be received the size and exact location of these three areas will change periodically in response to' the ' deliveries of yard waste being made. Each subarea will be marked with appropriate signs and either temporary fencing or wood chip berms would be used to define the limits of the receiving/staging areas. The receiving/staging areas are expected to be approximately 200 feet from the nearest resident. Sufficient space at the site is available to maintain this separation distance even during peak periods. Preprocessing operations and temporary stockpiling of materials to be placed into windrows would occur in this area also. Inspection of yard waste deliveries are to be performed at the receiving/staging areas to prevent the a inclusion of grass into composting operations. Traffic flow, to the receiving/staging areas is shown on drawing G-3 of the r accompanying engineering drawings and in Appendix B of this report. No increase in existing overall site traffic is expected to result from implementing the composting operations. The number of vehicles that currently deliver yard waste and other materials 6986R/1 1027 5-2 to the complex are expected to remain the same (or may decrease as a result of the bag system), but a few trucks` and cars would stop and deposit material at the receiving/staging areas. Bagged leaves delivered by carters, trailers, or pickup truck will be unloaded directly into the bagged leaf receiving/staging area. Bagged yard wastes dropped off at the collection center would be placed in the bagged leaf receiving area periodically throughout the day by the Town. Deliveries of bulk loose leaves and brush would be placed directly into the appropriate staging area. 5.3 Segregation of Materials Bagged leaves and brush will be segregated from other recyclable materials and from other wastes at the designated area near the collection center. Segregation of bulk deliveries of the yard waste materials begins at the scalehouse where grass deliveries are to be diverted from the composting area. At the receiving/[staging areas bagged leaves will be segregated from loose leaves, brush, and landclearing debris. All bags will be opened and inspected for grass or other unallowed or unacceptable materials. Grass and other unallowed or unacceptable materials will be removed daily from each area. "Clean" leaves from opened bagged leaves will -be placed into the bulk loose leaf area daily. Segregated loads of brush, landclearing debris and leaves would be processed through the tub grinder. Wood that is acceptable as a wood chip product will be segregated at this point for separate distribution and/or use. The remaining preprocessed yard wastes would be mixed and placed into windrows. This staged inspection and segregation process is expected to prevent grass and other contaminants from being incorporated into the windrows. 5.4 Preprocessing with the Tub Grinder The Town has acquired a new tub grinder to replace an older and smaller model. Brush and landclearing debris will be processed through the Town's new tub grinder. Stumps, large limbs, trunks, and woody brush would be shredded into wood chips and either directly distributed for use or incorporated into the composting operations. Leaves may be shredded prior to composting to reduce the volume and increase the surface area of the leaves to increase the possibility of meeting the planned 6 month composting period. 6986R/1 1027 5-3 f All woody yard wastes will be preprocessed. During the peak months of November and December, not all leaves may be shredded as tub grinder operations may not allow 4 timely processing of the leaves. All leaves will be placed into windrows, as described in Section 6, whether they have been shredded or not. The new tub grinder has some mobility and would be moved,- as needed to accommodate receipt of materials and preprocessing space requirements. It is anticipated that the tub grinder operations would occur on the western most portion of the composting area so that transport and mixing of component yard.waste materials would occur near the compost pad to reduce transport times during windrow formation. 5.5 Compost Pad Compost operations will occur on a western portion of the Cuthchogue site. This area has approximately 12 to 14 acres that can be used for the various operations and to maintain State required separation distances. Approximately 7 acres ,of this portion of the site would be used for windrow formation and active composting activities. State required horizontal separation distances for composting of yard wastes of 200 ft. from a residence and water well will be maintained. Similarly, the State required horizontal, separation distance for yard waste composting of 50 ft. from a property boundary would be maintained. The layout of the site showing the State required horizontal separation distances is presented in Appendix C. I r A 450 ft. by 700 ft. packed crushed stone pad approximately 8 to 12 in. thick will be _ { the base on which the windrows and aisles will be formed. The area underneath the crushed stone pad would be prepared by scraping away existing commingled site soils and compost residual materials, resurfacing with a base layer of soil (only if necessary), and ! graded to enhance site drainage. The crushed stone would be placed on top of the l prepared surface and if necessary packed with a roller. Up to 12 windrows of yard waste materials could be formed on the 450 ft. by 700 ft. pad for composting. Windrows of at least 600 ft. in length Will be accommodated on the 700 ft. long pad. At least 20 ft. is needed at the end of a windrow for the bucket loader to maneuver so windrows up to 660 ft. long may be constructed thereby increasing the compost area during peak periods. 6986R/1 1027 5-4 Typically a 25 ft. aisle between windrows would be maintained, but during peak periods aisles as narrow as 15 ft. to 20 ft. would allow up to two additional windrows to be formed on the pad with room for turning operations. The 450 ft. wide pad will, typically accommodate 10 windrows with 18 ft. wide bases and 25 ft. working aisles between windrows with access aisles outside the two exterior windrows that are at least 20 ft. wide. The compost pad, on which compost operations will. occur is greater than 200 ft. from a residence, and greater than 200 ft. from the residential wells to the south of the _. composting site. The pad is also greater than 50 ft. from the property boundaries to the west and north. The pad, is also greater than over 25 ft. from the drainage swale that will be constructed to convey site drainage to the runoff basin on the north side of the pad. In summary, the compost pad meets or exceeds all State required horizontal separation distances presented in 6 NYCRR Part 360-5.5(g). The packed crushed stone pad will be sloped towards the north to direct runoff away from the windrows. The area underneath the pad will be resurfaced as needed and graded to slope towards the north to compliment the drainage from the pad. A drainage swale will be constructed approximately 50 feet north of the pad to keep site drainage on Town ?, property and to convey heavy flows to the existing on-site drainage basin. Water that percolates through the pad will be directed to the drainage basin by the sloped base surface. It is expected that the pad, elevated above the surrounding grade will prevent run-on from affecting the windrows. Ponding around the windrows will be avoided by the f elevation, pad drainage, and because the pad would be permeable allowing excess water that does not runoff to percolate to the base surface. The crushed stone pad is expected to support the windrow turning operations of the bucket loader.. However, given the nature of a crushed stone substrate it may be i necessary to reform and regrade the stone occasionally following loader operations. Additional stone can be obtained, as needed, to fill in and reform small portions of the pad in response to loader operations. 6986R/1 1027 5-5 5.6 Turning Equipment The Town operates at the site 4 cubic yard (CY) buckets on its three loaders (see Table 4.1-1). One (or more during peak periods) bucket loader will be used at the �I+ ' composting operations. The bucket loader(s) will form and turn windrows on the compost pad. The bucket loader(s) will mix and aerate the yard waste materials so that aerobic conditions are maintained. Because of the relatively small volume (approximately 9,000 tons/year) of yard waste, the Town's preference for a low technology system, and the need to control the economics of the composting operations, a specialized windrow turner is not considered to be necessary, at this time, for this project. Screening equipment may be brought on-site periodically to enhance the finished compost product for a specific end use. However, the Town currently distributes all compost and wood chips generated to residents and commercial interest who come to the site and pick it up free of charge. This practice is expected to continue and screening is not currently necessary to enhance distribution. A significant portion of the finished compost product is expected to be used as a component of the capping materials for the landfill as part of the landfill closure activities. At the time of closure, the need to screen the compost product will be determined depending on the specifics of the closure plan. The use of any screening equipment will be reviewed by the Town and if needed would be leased, rented, or acquired, in the future, as necessary, to improve compost product quality. 5.7 Curing/Storage Area Compost that has completed the process will be placed on a separate portion of the complex site to cure and stabilize prior to use or distribution. The finished compost product would be temporarily stored in piles at this location. Compost product would be placed in piles on the eastern portion of the complex on the east side of the landfill. The location of the curing/storage area is presented on the drawing in Appendix C. No special site preparation is expected for the temporary curing and storage of the finished compost product. Curing/stabilizing operations are discussed in Section 6 of this report. 6986R/1 1027 5-6 6.0 FACILITY OPERATIONS The, operations at the Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Facility will occur in a separate area of Town owned land at the solid waste complex. As presented in Section 5, composting operations will occur on an eight to twelve inch thick crushed stone or gravel pad that is approximately 700 ft. by 450 ft. The composting operation is sized to handle at approximately 9,000 cubic yards (CY) of yard waste annually. Grass will not be accepted for the composting operations. Operational control of the yard waste composting operations will be the responsibility of Town employees and overall supervision provided by the site supervisor. Preprocessing of the yard waste will result in a blended mixture of leaves, shredded brush and landclearing debris, and other yard wastes (exclusive of grass) that is expected to compost within six to nine months from windrow construction. The end product is expected to be used by some local residents and landscapers, possibly by local nursery operations, and as a component of the landfill capping materials. ( 6.1 Yard Waste Composition and Handling In the initial stage of operations, leaves, brush, and landclearing debris are expected to be delivered in plastic bags by residents, in unpackaged bulk by landscapers and Town Highway Department, and by local carters as a service to their customers. The only materials accepted for composting will be yard waste comprised of landclearing debris, leaves, and brush; no grass will be accepted for composting. r - Bagged leaves and brush, dropped off at the collection center, would be weighed before being put into the bagged leaf receiving area. Bulk deliveries of leaves, which comprise approximately 31% of all yard waste delivered, will be deposited at the receiving/staging area following the initial weighing at the scalehouse. Brush, which is r - '� , approximately 49% of the Town's yard waste, will be deposited in a separate staging area from the leaves following the weighing at the scalehouse. Landclearing debris, brought in by the Town Highway Department and contractors, will be inspected for suitability for composting or wood chipping operations and comprises approximately 18% of the yard waste materials brought to the Town's solid waste facilities. Wood chips delivered to the Town account for approximately 2% of the yard waste. Grass, which accounts for f� 6987R/1 1027 6-1 approximately 2% of the Town's entire waste stream is not to be delivered to the site. Personnel at the receiving/staging areas will inspect loads for grass also, and either direct the load away from the staging areas or remove the grass from the staging areas to the transfer operations, prior to windrow construction. The actual density of the yard waste delivered by residents, private carters, landscapers, and the Town Highway Department is difficult to determine. However, based on, reported density values in available literature, review of the proposed Town operations, and the proposed development of preprocessing operations it is anticipated that the i density of the yard waste being placed into windrows will be approximately 400 pounds per cubic yard. For the approximately 9,000 tons per year of yard waste anticipated to be delivered to the Town, this translates into approximately 45,000 cubic yards per year of yard waste to be composted. All yard waste handling on-site will be accomplished with the use of rubber wheeled j- front end bucket loaders with 4 CY ..buckets and dump trucks. Initially windrow, turnings L _ will occur weekly , for the first eight weeks from windrow formation. Turning of the windrows will be performed once every two weeks for the next ten weeks, and during the j final eight weeks the windrows will be turned once every four weeks (once per month). This schedule of turning combined with preprocessing of the yard waste prior to windrow formation is anticipated to result in an overall average composting time of approximately six months. Curing and compost'stabilization will occur at another portion of the site. Curing and stabilization is expected to take approximately one to two months. f 6.2 Operations Schedule The overall composting process from receipt of yard waste to obtaining a finished quality product for use is expected to take six to eight months. Environmental extremes, seasonality, preprocessing and operational variations, and the nature of the composting process itself will affect the actual time frame for composting. Therefore, for planning purposes the expected average composting time to yield a usable, product is approximately six to nine months. I " 6987R/1 1027 6-2 Site hours are 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. seven days waste will be accepted at the receiving/staging ai expected to be performed Monda through Saturday as and as scheduled by the site sup I rvisor. Scheduling of composting operations will be based on the season, pi waste, scheduled townwide clean p days, and the sch( need to be performed. , 7 . It is anticipated that in N( yard waste and at other times sup will be used from the Town's part-time basis) to handle the he; placed into windrows in at timel: stages and the incoming yard was be shifted back to other Town of effort needed for the composting 6.3 Traffic Flow Pattern vember and December, h as Townwide cleanup abor pool and schedul( vier influx of- yard was manner. When compo; e volume is back to no. erations. The site supe merations and schedule Traffic flow at the landfill, ecycling areas, collectioi in general is not expected to be affected by the compos yard waste. A portion of existing traffic volumes will be dil increase or decrease in traffic is expected to occur a operations. Drawing G-3, present d in Appendix B, shows receiving/staging areas. 6.3.1 Residential vehicles droppinI off bagged leaves do no the bagged leaves directly to the drop off area near the and Town vehicles delivering yar waste will enter the Tc 48, and proceed to the scalehouse. At the scalehouse the in the driver directed to either he staging area for le 6987R/1 1027 6-3 week. During these hours yard Composting operations are iipment operators are available rsonnel and equipment for the cted incoming volumes of yard ed composting operations that e peak months for delivery of .ys, additional Town personnel (on a temporary full-time or so that it is preprocessed and ig operations are in the latter al, the temporary labor would sor will determine the level of sonnel accordingly. /drop-off center, and the site ing operations or deliveries of ected to staging areas, but no a result of the composting he general traffic flow to the use the scales, but will deliver fllection center. Commercial rn property from County Road tial weighing will be made and ves or the staging area for brush/landclearing debris. Drivers with visible or acknowle I ged loads containing grass will be diverted away from the staging areas and directed to dispose of the material in the appropriate area. After dropping the yard waste at the staging areas the outgoing commercial and Town vehicles are reweighed to obtain the differential weight. The yard waste weight will be accounted for in one of the scalehouse computer categories. Where appropriate weigh tickets would be issued. There is adequate room on the on-site roadways for any queue that could be expected to develop at 'the scales, but the site does not have a history of long waiting periods at the scalehouse. 6.3.2 Site Access Control Access to the landfill is limited to the posted hours by locked gates at the site entrance off of County Road 48 (CR 48). Residential vehicles that use the drop off area at the collection center will be directed to place bagged yard wastes in the marked receiving area and then proceed through or into the collection center. The remainder of yard waste deliveries to the composting facility will be controlled by the scalehouse operator who will direct deliveries to the appropriate staging area. Signs will clearly display appropriate information to those vehicles that drive directly to the receiving/staging areas. On-site laborers, equipment operators and other Town personnel at the complex will be instructed to observe deliveries and inspect loads for potential contaminants. Control of deliveries and of the site is expected to prevent unwanted materials such as grass from being incorporated into the composting process. 6.3.3 Roadway Maintenance ( On-site roadways are hard packed sand and gravel with some asphalt at the site entrance, up to the collection/drop-off center, and to the scalehouse. No traffic increase is expected so no significant adjustments to existing roadway maintenance practices are expected at this time. 6987R/1 1027 6-4 I.. 6.3.4 Receiving Area Maintenance The receiving/staging areas for the composting facility will undergo daily maintenance. Accumulated bags of leaves will be opened and dumped into the bulk leaf staging area by the end of the work day to prevent odor formation, and allow inspection of the contents for contaminants (grass, garbage, paper and other materials that will not be r composted). All grass and other unallowed or unacceptable materials will be removed before the end of the work day from all receiving/staging areas. The staging areas will be observed closely for odors throughout the day. Should odors be noticed a bucket loader will be brought in and turn the accumulated leaves or brush so that it is thoroughly aerated and inspected for unallowed or unacceptable materials. Litter, loose paper, plastic bags and other similar materials will be picked up and removed before any material is taken for preprocessing or windrow formation, and at the end of each work day. Good housekeeping practices at the receiving/staging areas will be given a priority so that the quality of the materials windrowed remains high and the resulting compost is free of unacceptable materials. i Signs, berms and material piles will be maintained in a neat and orderly fashion. This is necessary so that preprocessing operations and windrow construction, especially at peak times, can proceed as smoothly as possible. Good housekeeping at the staging areas will enhance quality control and inspection prior to preprocessing. 6.4 Unloading Procedures and Inspection Laborers and equipment operators at the receiving/staging areas will inspect delivered materials for grass and other unallowed or unacceptable materials such as r, { household garbage, paper, and other materials not suitable for yard waste composting. Inspections are the initial quality control aspect and are important for protecting the composting process from contaminants affecting the final product, and in preventing anaerobic conditions that result in the formation of odors. l 6987R/1 .1027 6-5 i There will be three receiving/staging subareas near the composting operations. Bagged leaves will be deposited in the receiving area at the collection center and then f1 - moved to the bagged leaf receiving/staging area. The bagged leaf staging area will be used to accept bulk deliveries of bagged leaves separately from the loose bulk leaf deliveries. Loose or bulk leaf deliveries will be deposited in a staging area adjacent to the composting pad. Similarly, deliveries of brush and landclearing debris will be made at a different staging area south of the adjacent compost pad. Only debagged leaves will be incorporated into the loose leaf staging area. Bags will be collected and disposed at the f , transfer station if no recycling market can be found for; the relatively small volume of plastic bags expected from the delivery of yard wastes. 6.4.1 Facility Signs Ir Each receiving/staging area (collection center drop off, bagged leaves, bulk/loose leaves, and brush/landclearing debris) will have a sign that indicates what type of yard waste is accepted at that location and where the yard waste is to be placed. All signs will indicate that grass is prohibited and is to be disposed of separately away from the other yard wastes that will be composted. Posted at the entrance to the complex and at the collection center will be signs explaining where and what yard waste to deliver, directions or a diagram to the appropriate receiving/staging area, and promotion of the Town's yard waste composting operation. Signs are expected to be a minimum of three feet by two feet in size. Lettering will be sized appropriately for readability and clarity of presentation. 6.4.2 Quality Control Measures for Deliveries At a minimum all materials deposited in the receiving/staging areas will be inspected daily. On—site laborers and equipment operators will inspect deliveries during the performance of their daily tasks at the composting facility. If unallowed or unacceptable materials are identified in a load of yard waste prior to deposition of the load in the receiving area(s), the driver will be directed its removal to the appropriate Town operation. 6987R/1 1027 6-6 i 6.4.3 Inspection of Leaf Deliveries 1 Leaves delivered to the site will be in one of two forms, loose or bagged. Leaves delivered in loose bulk are relatively easy to inspect as they are offloaded. Loose bulk leaves will be inspected by on-site personnel during deliveries or shortly thereafter depending on available manpower. Leaves will be inspected prior to any compost operation. Bagged leaves will be opened and inspected at the bagged leaf receiving/staging area. Bags from the drop off area will be brought to the receiving/staging area periodically throughout the day. All bags will be opened and dumped before the end of the work day so that odor forming/contributing conditions (ie. anaerobic conditions within the L bag) can be minimized. Grass will be removed from the leaves, as will other unacceptable materials. Debagged leaves that have been inspected are then moved to the bulk loose leaf staging area at the end of the day. Plastic bags will be collected and disposed of 4 properly. �- 6.4.4 Inspection of Brush and Landclearing Deliveries Brush and landclearing debris delivered to the staging area will be in bulk form, loose or tied, with little, if any, brush being bagged. Any bagged deliveries of brush will be opened 'and inspected before the end of each work day. Tied bundles of brush will be C inspected for unallowed or unacceptable materials and the rope or string removed before each day's end. Grass or other contaminants will be removed as soon as possible, and at least by the end of each work day. L_ During peak periods of Townwide cleanups when the Town Highway Department collects large quantities of yard waste over a few week period, Town Highway workers will be informed about the problems presented by unallowable or unacceptable waste to the composting process, and will be directed to segregate these materials, especially grass, before delivering these materials to the composting facility. This added inspection/screening process will assist on-site employees in maintaining quality control during peak periods. !r 6987R/1 1027 6-7 r ' 6.4.5 ' Diversion/ Removal of Grass Deliveries Grass is expected to be the contaminant that 'most frequently is commingled in with other yard waste. Grass can begin anaerobic decomposition within a few hours resulting in odor forming/contributing conditions. Grass delivered to the composting facility receiving/staging areas will be removed from the composting facility daily at a minimum. j However, it is preferable from an operations and quality control standpoint that grass deliveries be diverted before reaching the receiving/staging areas. The scalehouse operator will be instructed to divert grass deliveries from the composting facility to the transfer operations. Personnel at the recycling and collection/drop-off centers will also be instructed to divert grass from the composting s facility. All signs will clearly indicate that grass is prohibited from the composting { facility. However, any grass placed in the receiving/staging areas will be removed by the end of the work day. 6.5 Inclement Weather Precautions Inclement weather can affect the composting operations in several different ways. Deliveries of yard waste to the Town's site can be inhibited by slick roadways during rain, j snow or icing conditions. In these cases, safety considerations would dictate that the Y` collection and delivery to the site would cease or slow. during particularly hazardous i" conditions. On- site roadways are asphalt or packed soils so access to and movement around the site by cars or trucks delivering the yard waste should not pose any significant undue problems during normal rainstorm events. Another potential concern with inclement weather is access to the compost pad to turn or monitor windrows. Monitoring can be delayed for a day or two until weather conditions allow the field personnel to perform monitoring without having the adverse weather affect the monitoring or the safety' of the technician. The compost pad and the overall site drainage is expected to prevent ponding in or around the windrows. If ponding does occur at the site, which in some way inhibits access to the windrows, activities will cease until grading, additional crushed stone, or other remedial measures can be initiated. + 6987R/1 'i 1027 6-8 t Inclement weather can affect the compost operation by hindering the biological activity in the windrows. This could occur if the leaves become saturated and the process turns anaerobic, or if extreme winds blow apart the windrows. This is most likely to occur when a pile is being formed since the surface to volume ratio is highest, rain is most easily absorbed, and the density of the windrowed yard waste is the lowest. Once a windrow is built, saturation can occur under extreme conditions since the exterior of the windrow can shed rain. If windrows become too wet internally (> 55% moisture) the windrows will be turned and aerated. Windrows will be reshaped should extreme winds blow any apart. Temporary fencing or wood chip berms would be placed around the pad in the event of a severe storm that could blow apart windrows. 6.6 Equipment Maintenance The Town is currently .equipped for full scale yard waste composting operations. At least one bucket loader and a dump truck will be needed for the composting facility. However, if needed, additional bucket loaders or dump trucks from the complex or, Town Highway Department could be obtained on a temporary basis. The existing tub grinder has been taken out of service, and a replacement has been acquired. Windrows will be formed and turned by the 4 CY bucket loader(s). Preprocessed yard waste and completed compost going to the curing area will be moved by dump truck. Blending operations will be performed by the bucket loader also. The tub grinder will shred woody brush, landclearing debris and leaves as part of the preprocessing prior to windrow construction. These pieces of equipment will undergo preventative maintenance procedures during nonpeak periods of yard waste operations. Maintenance of the equipment is currently performed by Town personnel. Preventative maintenance is performed on a scheduled basis while corrective maintenance is performed as needed. The scheduled maintenance will take into account the composting operations, peak times, and frequency of use so that the bucket loader, tub grinder, and dump truck are available. Should the need arise, a bucket loader or dump truck can be borrowed from other operations at the complex. It is also possible to rent a tub grinder 6987R/1 1027 6-9 should conditions warrant the immediate need for one while maintenance is being performed- on the'Town's tub grinder or peak conditions warrant additional preprocessing capacity. 6.7 .. Runoff/Run-0n Collection and Control The compost pad, constructed of crushed stone, will provide an 8 inch (approximate) raised area above the site grade. The pad and the site will be graded with a slope in order to direct drainage to runoff collection basins. The compost pad elevation will prevent the composting windrows from any run—on. r -- i The materials of the compost pad are not an impervious surface and are expected to allow percolation to transmit some excess storm water downward from the windrows to prevent ponding. The pad will also be sloped so that any runoff will flow off of the pad and away from the composting operations. The 25 foot aisle between windrows will allow 3 the runoff to be directed towards the north to the swale that will convey runoff to the collection basin. Most runoff will be directed to the collection basin in the northwest corner of the site. 1 6.8 Seed Material Description Seed material is not needed to begin or maintain the aerobic microbial composting action on yard waste materials. However, in order to achieve a compost product within the planned six month schedule, consideration will be given to recycling some nearly complete yard waste compost back into the preprocessing blending stage of the operation. This recycling will introduce a large quantity of microorganisms that are sensitive to the conditions and materials in the Town's compost operations. The nearly complete compost that would be recycled into the raw yard wastes will come from either older on—site windrows or from other local yard waste compost operations on Long Island. By incorporating the recycled compost into the blended yard waste, sufficient numbers of suitable bacteria will be present and already actively composting. Startup of the composting process should begin at a higher rate than the "raw" blended yard waste would achieve. The composting process is thereby somewhat accelerated. The time i' 6987R/1 r 1 027 6-10 savings by adding in these actively composting microorganisms may be as much as one month and assist the Town to achieve the planned six month composting time frame. No commercial products or other seed materials or additives will be used in this operation. Only those materials generated by the Town's composting facility or from other yard 'waste composting only operations will be recycled back into the preprocessing blending of yard waste materials. 6.9 Preprocessing Procedures for Yard Wastes Preprocessing of the delivered yard waste will involve three procedures to prepare the yard waste for composting operations. The three preprocessing procedures are: o Separation and material preparation procedures o Shredding operations o Blending of the components to achieve a preferred compost "mix" 6.9.1 . Separation and Material Preparation Procedures Separate staging areas will have leaves, brush, and some landclearing debris and be the first step in the separation process. Large pieces of woody materials such as stumps and tree trunks will be separated and set aside for wood chipping/shredding by the tub grinder. These dense woody materials compost very slowly and are not suitable in large quantities for composting in this type of operation. While a portion of these materials may be blended into the compost mix as a source of carbon, most of the dense woody materials, when chipped or shredded, are excellent materials for forming berms on—site at the complex, and for landscaping operations, and for ground cover over bare soils. As such most of the dense woody materials such as stumps and tree trunks will be separated and processed separately from the compost operations for a wood chip product. Mixed brush, vines, small tree limbs, bushes, and similar materials that are primarily woody in nature but have less dense wood and attached leaves, flowers, etc. will be separated and set aside for shredding operations. These yard wastes will be incorporated 0 6987R/1 1027 6-11 into the compost mix after shredding. While often having a woody aspect to their composition this component of the yard waste can include materials high in nitrogen or high in carbon depending on what the types of materials and season. These materials will be further segregated into mostly woody materials (carbon sources) and those that are mostly "green" materials (nitrogen sources). The two types will be shredded separately so that the blending process can incorporate materials to reach a preferred mix. Leaves will remain separate from the dense woody materials and the mixed brush components. Leaves will be .shredded if there is available preprocessing capacity. All leaves will be used in the compost mix. Only if deliveries of leaves outstrips the processing capacity of the tub grinder will leaves not be shredded. Dense wood materials can be stockpiled while leaf processing is at its peak. Leaves from the bagged receiving/staging area are combined daily at the loose/bulk leaf staging area. Other than removing grass and other contaminants, as discussed in the inspection sections, no 1 separation will be necessary. 6.9.2 Shredding -Operations Dense woody materials will be shredded into wood chips and most, if not all, will not be incorporated into the compost mix. After shredding, the wood chips would be used and distributed separately by the Town. Currently the Town uses wood chip berms to define boundaries or limits of operations at the site and provides them free of charge to residents and landscapers who pick up the chips at the complex. These materials may be stockpiled during times of peak leaf deliveries so that the leaves and brush can be processed into compost mix. These practices would continue as part of the Town's solid waste management effort. F- 1 Mixed brush, comprised of less dense woody materials from landclearing debris, brush, vines, bushes and other yard wastes (exclusive of grass) will be shredded after separation. Mixed brush that is primarily woody materials will be shredded separately from the "green" mixed brush. These materials will be blended into the compost mix. Leaves can be shredded prior to blending so that the available surface area for composting is increased and the process can meet the planned six month schedule. Leaves would be shredded separately from the other components of the mix. All leaves will be used in the compost mix. r 6987R/1 1027 6-12 L 6.9.3 Blending of Components Prior to Windrow Formation The various yard waste components will be blended into a compost mix that should optimize the composting process given the types of yard wastes delivered to the site. As a result of seasonality, Townwide cleanup days. and variations in the types of yard wastes expected to be delivered there will be periods of wet "fresh" leaves predominating C (November/December), to dry leaves and brush (Spring cleanup), to predominately woody ` materials (following severe storms). So to the ( g ) greatest extent possible given the materials_ on hand at the time, the yard wastes will be blended to achieve a mix approaching as closely as possible a mix that will compost rapidly. This may involve some period of learning and experimenting to identify the best mix of materials on hand during a season }} to compost quickly. L. Woody materials would be diverted, stockpiled temporarily if necessary, ,and chipped " for separate distribution depending on demand and the needs of the composting operations. When there are larger quantities of fresh mixed brush and leaves the preferred mix could be too high in nitrogen so wood chips would be used to increase the _ volume of carbon materials and bring the mix into preferred parameters. However, since grass (which is nitrogen "rich" but prone to cause anaerobic conditions) is not included in this composting operation most of the time the mix may have more carbon rich materials. Under these `expected conditions the blending operations will increase the ratio of leaves l� in the mix and decrease the addition of woody materials (even the woody materials from (( the mixed brush) which can be shredded and used for wood chips. f Most blending operations will be performed by the bucket loader. Volumetric blending of the components should achieve the best mix given the yard waste materials on hand at - the time. The bucket loader would scoop 4 CY buckets of preprocessed leaves and mixed brush and combine them with the bucket to form the. compost mix. The scooped materials will be placed into the dump truck in the appropriate ratio. This mix will then be transported to the pad by the truck and formed into windrows with a bucket loader. Alternately, the bucket loads of 'raw yard wastes can be added to the tub grinder so that the materials are further size reduced (increasing the surface area available for '- composting) and homogenized by the actions of the tub grinder. This method would be S used only when there is sufficient capacity of the tub grinder to accomplish the preprocessing and blending operations. r - 6987R/1 1027 6-13 In order to meet the planned six month operations schedule some nearly complete compost may be blended into the compost mix. Using a portion of a windrow that has been actively composting for four or five months, the blending operations will add one or two buckets of "old" compost per windrow., This older composting material will provide I additional quantities of active and sensitized microorganisms that will augment the existing microbial populations and enhance the first month (or so) of composting of the raw mix. This is expected to accelerate startup of the composting process and assist in achieving the planned six month schedule. 6.10 Compost Timing Considerations The planned schedule for compost operations is to finish composting within six months from inception of windrow formation. Curing and stabilizing the compost product may take one or two months in addition to the composting process. The entire compost operation should not exceednine months under normal conditions, but should be able to r achieve the six-month composting schedule. Yard wastes delivered in winter and early spring are expected to be primarily woody brush and dried leaves. These yard wastes will have a lower nitrogen content than the yard wastes that are delivered during growing seasons when "green" materials are richer in nitrogen compounds. Yard wastes delivered during the winter and early spring can be en stockpiled' iled' until more nitro rich and wastes are delivered to the composting g y posting. facility e beginning in mid—Spring. l; Volumetrically, November and December will be the peak months for yard waste deliveries and peak windrow formation times. Additional personnel and equipment will be obtained from other Town operations to assist in inspection, bag opening, and other composting operations. Additional bucket loader(s) and dump truck(s) could be obtained from the Town Highway Department if needed during this time. Other expected peak periods will be during townwide cleanup days, April and early May, and if there are significant storm events requiring unplanned cleanup efforts. IF ( 6987R/1 i 1027 6-14 Within this context, windrow turning is at its peak in the beginning of windrow formation during peak delivery season. Windrows are to be turned weekly for this first eight weeks, once every two weeks over the next ten weeks, and once per month over the last eight weeks. Additional turnings may be necessary as indicated by the compost monitoring program. These operational time constraints will be accommodated with sufficient manpower and equipment during peak periods. 6.11 Windrow Construction Windrows will be constructed using the preprocessed compost mix on the 700 ft. by 450 ft. 8 in. thick crushed stone pad. Due to the site orientation, the compost pad runs from the north to the south in length and west to the east in 'width. The windrows will be formed by rubber wheeled front end 4 CY bucket loader(s) running north to south. Each windrow will be trapezoidal in shape with a base 18 feet wide and be 9 feet high. The cross sectional area of each windrow will be between 80 and 90 square feet. Windrows will be at least 600 feet long being started on the north end and developed progressively to the south. Windrows will be formed on the pad from west to east. There will be (typically) a 25 foot wide working aisle between each of the 10 windrows and at least a 20 foot access aisle on the exterior of, the two outer windrows. The 25 -foot aisles J allow the bucket loader sufficient room to turn the windrows. This arrangement is shown on the Site Layout presented in Appendix C. The pad could accommodate up to 12 windrows up to 660 ft. long with eleven 15 to 20 -foot aisles for peak periods. The typical arrangement of ten 600 ft. windrows on the pad would have a total initial capacity in excess of 18,000 cubic yards of compost mix. For operational purposes the windrows are numbered 1 through 10 (or higher) from the west to the east and reflect the intended order of formation. During peak periods windrows up to 660 feet long could be formed with 20 feet on each end of the windrow to allow the bucket loader room to maneuver. 6.12 Aeration Techniques and Turning Procedures The composting process is an aerobic process that will be maintained with frequent turnings that fully aerate the compost mix. Operations, the frequency of turning, 6987R/1 1027. 6-15 monitoring, and response to monitored conditions in the compost are all designed to create and maintain aerobic conditions suitable to the composting process, and to avoid formation of odors. Aeration Technique The bucket loader will turn the windrows by scooping from the base of the windrow, elevating the bucket, and completely dumping the mix over on itself. It is important that the compost mix is kept in an aerobic state by turning on schedule and in response to monitored conditions. The equipment operator will be instructed and trained to thoroughly mix and aerate each bucket load as the windrows are turned. Windrow construction, that begins at the north end of the compost pad, will result in - 25 foot wide aisles between windrows to allow sufficient space for turning the windrow. The 25 foot wide aisles allow the bucket loader to position itself between windrows and scoop a bucket of mixed composting materials without disturbing the adjacent windrow. 4 The site supervisor will identify the windrows that are scheduled to be turned for each work day based on date of windrow formation and age of the windrow. Table 1 presents the scheduled turning of a windrow based on date of formation and age of the windrow. Additional windrows may be turned in response to monitored conditions, notice of the presence of odors, or at the direction of the site supervisor in response to other observed conditions. _ Turning Pattern t The pattern for windrow turning will alternate the turning direction each time a windrow is turned. If the first time windrows are turned to the west then the next time L ; the windrows will be turned to the east. 6987R/1 1027 6-16 r - f Age of Windrow End of Week 1 _. End of Week 2 End of Week 3 End of Week 4 L End of Week 5 End of Week 6 End of Week 7 End of Week 8 End of Week 9 End of Week 10 End of Week 11 End of Week 12 End of Week 13 Table 6-1 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Facility Schedule for Windrow Turning* Turning Reauirement Direction of Turnin Turn and aerate thoroughly East to West Turn 1 and 2 West to East Turn 1, 2, and 3 East to West Turn 1, 2, 3, and 4 West to East Turn 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 East to West Turn 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 West to East Turn 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, & 7 East to West Turn 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 West to East Turn 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, & 9 East to West Turn 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 West to East Turn 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 East to West Turn 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 West to East Turn 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, & 10 East to West * Windrows are to be combined as necessary to maintain windrow dimensions. Combined windrows should be turned according to the "youngest or most newly formed windrow number or designation. The basic Windrow Turning Schedule for a 6 -month composting time frame is as follows: * Weekly turnings for first 8 weeks from formation * Turn once every 2 weeks for Week 10 through Week 17 * Turn once every 4 weeks for Week 18 through Week 26 6987R/1 1027 6-17 As needed, the windrows will be combined to maintain as close as possible the initial windrow dimensions (9 ft. high, 18 ft. at the base). The windrows will reduce in size as the f mix composts. Windrows would be combined while turning the windrows and at the direction of the site, supervisor. Once two or more windrows are combined the newly combined windrow will be turned again to thoroughly mix and integrate all materials. Combined windrows will be turned based on the designation of the age of the newest windrow mixed into the combined windrow. Management of the operations requires that records on the status, age, composting parameters and windrow designation be maintained and updated daily by the site supervisor. This information is the basis from which operational decisions are made and the progress of the composting process is followed. Turning in Response to Monitoring Parameters Operational control of the composting process is maintained by daily visual, tactile, r olfactory, and scientific instrument monitoring of each windrow.. Each morning the site supervisor must assess the effect of the daily and recent short-term weather conditions on the composting yard wastes. Daily the site supervisor will walk the composting pad and inspect the composting windrows. As required and discussed in Section:6.13 the technician will monitor the moisture content, temperature, windrow width and height, and note the presence of odors. In response to monitored parameters .it may be necessary to turn the windrow(s) more frequently than the schedule indicates. Whenever conditions in the composting windrows indicates the need, as dictated by monitored parameters (discussed in Section 6.13), the windrow(s) will be turned and/or combined. Windrow turning can be an effective operational control for windrows that have begun to form odors (indicating anaerobic conditions), are too moist (greater than 55% moisture), or are too hot (greater than 140 degrees Fahrenheit). During extended periods of very dry weather turning a windrow as it is being watered can enhance the composting process as the needed moisture is more uniformly incorporated into the windrow. Turning windrows in response to the requirements of the composting process will be performed as indicated by the monitoring parameters. If a windrow has not heated up to over 95 degrees Fahrenheit after three weeks from formation then turning may be suspended one or two weeks to give the material some time to build up its microorganism population and heat up internally. 6987R/1 . 1027 6-18 Combining Windrows The volumetric size of the composting yard wastes helps to insulate and incubate the biological activity that occurs in the interior of the windrow. Weekly measurements of the windrows will monitor the size and the volume of the windrows so that the reduction occurring can be quantified and used as an indicator of the need to combine windrows. s` Windrows will be combined, as needed, to maintain as close as possible the original windrow dimensions. Windrow shrinkage will be monitored by measuring the height and both bases of the trapezoidal windrows (see Section 6.13.4). When two windrows have decreased by 30% to 50% then the windrows would be combined. The combined windrow will be turned and aerated thoroughly so that the newly combined windrow is a r-, j homogenous mix of the two individual windrows. 6.13 Monitoring of Windrows and Operational Response Monitoring of the "composting process entails the use of scientific instruments and a� the sense organs of the operator. Daily qualitative visual, tactile and olfactory monitoring .4 w of the windrows will be performed and recorded. Scientific instruments will provide f quantitative measurement and qualitative condition data that will be recorded and reviewed as part of daily operations. Based upon the results of the daily monitoring operational responses would be made to enhance biological conditions in the windrows, or correct adverse conditions in the windrows. All windrows will be monitored for internal temperature, moisture content, windrow dimensions, overall condition, odors, oxygen content (only if necessary) and age from formation. The overall condition of each windrow and the presence/absence of odors will be recorded daily until the composted material is placed into the curing/storage area. 6.13.1 Monitoring Equipment Monitoring equipment to be used includes the following: o Long stem (at least 4 ft.) thermometer o. Tape measure or measuring gauge o Oxygen meter/combustible gas meter 6987R/1 1027 6-19 These pieces of monitoring equipment will be acquired by the Town prior to startup of composting operations. Periodic calibration and maintenance of monitoring equipment will be performed according to manufacturers' recommendations/requirements. Personnel who will be responsible for the operating the equipment will be trained as to the proper use and maintenance of the equipment and the procedures to follow for recording/reporting monitoring data. Copies of the monitoring forms to be used in the compost monitoring program are presented in Appendix F. . 6.13.2 Temperature Parameters The biological activity of microorganisms generates heat. When this microbial generated heat is contained and insulated within windrowed yard wastes the internal temperature of the windrow can exceed 140 degrees Fahrenheit and the microorganisms begin to die. Above 140 degrees Fahrenheit the aerobic bacteria die off so that the composting process ceases and anaerobic conditions are likely to occur. In order to prevent this occurrence monitoring of internal temperatures of the windrows will be performed and recorded for each windrow every other day (three to four times per week). A windrow that does not achieve an internal temperature of 95 degrees Fahrenheit indicates that the biological decomposition of the yard waste mix is not proceeding and that corrective measures should be considered. A long stem thermometer that is at least four feet long will be obtained by the r Town. Temperature readings will be taken as deep as the thermometer can penetrate the fwindrow without bending or breaking the stem. A hollow area that is approximately two to three feet deep will be dug into the windrow approximately four to five feet above grade. A six foot metal pole or piece of threaded rod would be used to create a hole for the thermometer stem into the windrow. The thermometer will be inserted into the hole in the hollowed out area as deep as it can go without being forced. The temperature will be recorded on the daily monitoring report form (see Appendix F). The temperature will be taken every 200 feet along a windrow. The temperature will be taken every other day beginning three days after windrow formation. On a day that a windrow is scheduled to be turned the temperature will be taken prior to turning. If a windrow is turned in response to monitored conditions (see Section 6.13.6) then the temperature will be taken before turning and one hour after turning (this is to allow the windrow some time to stabilize). 6987R/1 1027 6-20 6.13.3 Moisture Parameters During the composting process the microorganisms consume water as part of the aerobic breakdown of organic matter. The elevated temperature of the composting material increases the rate of evaporation ofwater from the windrow. Both of these occurrences result in a net consumption of water. Suitable moisture content within the windrow will be maintained through the scheduled periodic examination and monitoring of the composting yard wastes for moisture content. Moisture content of a windrow should be approximately 55%. Suitable moisture conditions within the windrow can be monitored by squeezing the compost to see if a few (between 1 and 3) drops of water are released, and visual observation of the interior of the windrow. A few distinct drops (1 to 3) from a handful of compost is roughly equivalent to a moisture content of ' 55%. When the hollow area is scooped out of the windrow (approximately 2 to 3 feet deep) for taking temperature readings (see Section 6.13.2), a handful of composting material from the interior of the hollow area will be examined for moisture content and the results recorded. The exterior layer of composting yard waste will be relatively dry, and is not considered to be indicative of the moisture content inside the windrow where the greatest composting activity is occurring. As the hollow area is created the field personnel will observe the windrow for the temperature increase and dampness exuding from the windrow f as the area is created. A handful of compost material from the interior will be visually examined for indications of the moisture content. The handful of compost will then be squeezed (the squeeze test) to see how many, or if any, drops of water are released as a result of squeezing the compost. Based on these observations appropriate operational response measures will be initiated, if appropriate (see Section 6.13.6). Optimum conditions for composting are indicated by one to three distinct drops of water being released during the test. Moisture content testing within a windrow will occur at the same frequency and time as temperature monitoring. As the hollow area is created the last scoop will be examined for moisture prior to inserting the. thermometer into the windrow. As with the temperature moisture will be monitored every other day, and prior to a windrow a C 6987R/1 1027 6-21 being turned. This data will be recorded on the monitoring report forms (see Appendix F). As a windrow is being turned, or as soon as possible after turning, -the field personnel will inspect the newly formed exterior layer of compost for moisture content and report/record the observed condition of this material. 6.13.4 Observational Monitoring of Windrow Conditions The observed size, shape and visual condition of each windrow indicates whether or not the windrows should be combined. Interior grab samples of yard waste will be examined for moisture content by squeezing. One or two drops of water should be released during this examination; if not water will be added to the windrow or conversely the windrow would be turned if too wet. The temperature will be taken from the interior of the windrow. The presence of odors, which could indicate anaerobic conditions, will be recorded when encountered (such as during the period when a hollow area is being created) and the windrow(s) turned to fully aerate the compost. Recording observations of the windrows, beyond the collection of monitoring data, will assist in establishing a long term performance record of conditions, operational activities and overall results that can be �p used to enhance the composting operation. K Once each week on the day priorto turning each windrow will be measured for height at 200 feet intervals along the length of the windrow. At each end of the windrow the base at grade will be measured. The base at the top of the windrow will be estimated and the three measurements used to estimate the volume of the windrow. This result will be used to assist in determining when and which windrows should be combined. When two windrows indicate between 30% to 50% volume reduction the windrows should be combined so that nearly original windrow dimensions are reestablished. Observed conditions will be recorded on the monitoring report forms (see Appendix F) and in a log book maintained by the field personnel and the site supervisor. Daily operation and maintenance activities will be recorded in the log book. Visual, tactile and olfactory indications of conditions can be monitored over short and long term periods through the entries made in the log book. Equipment operators will be instructed to make observational entries in the log book following initial windrow formation, windrow turnings, or whenever observed conditions warrant. 6987R/1 1027 6-22 6.13.5 Oxygen Meter Usage The Town's yard waste composting operations will use an aerobic composting process. The aerobic process is expected to be maintained by daily monitoring and observation of the composting yard wastes. Normal daily monitoring of the windrows does not require (nor can it justify the expense of purchasing) the use of an oxygen/combustible gas meter. Monitored parameters such as temperature and moisture content, and observed conditions such as odor and visual appearance of the compost are normally sufficient to indicate whether or not aerobic conditions are being maintained. However, conditions such as persistent odors, excessively wet compost in the interior of a windrow, or extreme high temperatures for extended periods, may call for additional temporary monitoring to be initiated for oxygen content within the windrow. At these times, if it is determined to be needed by the site supervisor an oxygen/combustible gas meter will be obtained (leased or rented) and used to monitor and assist in determining whether aerobic or anaerobic conditions predominate in the windrow. The oxygen/combustible gas meter measures the oxygen content of the atmosphere r as a percentage (02 %). Normal atmospheric oxygen is approximately 21% of all gasses in the air. When an oxygen meter is used as an indicator of anaerobic conditions the percent oxygen would be near or below 5% and can be as low as 0% oxygen. The oxygen/combustible gas meter will be able to quantify the oxygen content within the windrow. It is very difficult to obtain an accurate oxygen reading from the interior of a windrow.- A probe, connected to the meter, should be inserted into the windrow, but protection of the probe from the yard waste mix must be performed. A pump, manual or battery operated, would then purge existing air in the line to the probe and obtain air samples from the interior of the windrow. Digging a few feet into the windrow can allow the interior of the windrow to be exposed to too much atmospheric oxygen and may affect the reading. Directly inserting the probe into the windrow may clog the probe or connecting tubing, or the probe may be damaged by the force of the insertion. i 6987R/1' 1027 6-23 One possible solution could be a pipe, capped on one end, perforated with a number of small holes at the end, .and lined with a screen or loose fabric. The pipe with the probe inside of it may be driven into the center of a windrow. This might protect a probe and provided for relatively deep penetration of the windrow. However, the pipe would require purging of trapped atmospheric gasses and allow some time for the atmosphere of the interior of the windrow to penetrate to the probe. Addition of a vacuum on the pipe could assist in purging the pipe and in drawing in the interior gasses for sampling. This arrangement might allow the interior gasses to be sampled more accurately, but the arrangement and operation to obtain this sample is time consuming and unwieldy. For this reason such an effort would be made only during extended periods of adverse conditions and/or persistent odor formation to pinpoint trouble areas and monitor/record improvement in the situation. 6.13.6 Operational Control and Response Actions Based on daily observations and the results of monitoring it may be necessary to implement operational control and response actions to enhance the conditions for aerobic composting of the yard waste materials. There are two basic response actions available for this low technology operation. The two operational control and response actions are to add water to the windrow and turn the windrow to aerate the composting materials. Excessively high temperatures, greater than 140 degrees Fahrenheit, can result in the destruction of aerobic microorganisms and lead to anaerobic conditions. Any time a windrow has internal temperatures in excess,of 140 degrees Fahrenheit the windrow will be turned. One hour after turning the internal temperature will be reevaluated and if necessary the windrow will be turned again. If the windrow is found to be too wet internally (more than 3 or 4 distinct drops from the squeeze test) then the potential exists for anaerobic conditions to predominate and takeover from the aerobic microorganisms. In response to excessively wet internal conditions the windrow will be turned daily until the preferred moisture content is achieved. Evaporation and consumptive use by the microbes will dry out the composting material over time as long as aerobic conditions are maintained. 6987R/1 1027 6-24 Composting yard wastes need a moisture content of approximately 55% to maintain optimum composting conditions. This percentage of moisture is measured by the squeeze i^ test discussed in Section 6.13.3. Should the internal composting material be too dry then water will be added to the windrow. Water can be added from the existing on-site 500 gpm well and hydrant, and/or from the Town's water truck. The site supervisor will direct the watering operations so that the most efficient and economical use of manpower and equipment is achieved. 6 Odors are indicative of the "health" of the composting process. An earthy, damp, musky -type odor characterizes a healthy aerobic composting windrow of yard wastes. Anaerobic windrows have a sour, or rotten egg odor, or an "off" smell. Should an atypical I t odor be observed by site personnel, then immediate steps to identify the windrow(s) with the anaerobic conditions will be initiated. Recent monitoring data sheets and log entries will be reviewed. A walk through investigatory inspection of each windrow will be performed at this time also. Windrows suspected of fostering anaerobic conditions will be examined internally for odor generation, temperature and moisture content at 50 ft. intervals down the length of the windrow. Upon identifying a windrow(s) generating odors the windrow(s) will be turned, immediately, twice along its entire length to thoroughly mix and aerate the composting material to eliminate the anaerobic conditions. The following day the windrow will be closely inspected for remaining odors and, if necessary, turned again. Temperature and moisture content will be monitored before and after each turning. Windrows that are less than 95°F (after three: weeks from formation) can indicate that the composting process is not fully operational at the time. Moisture content and temperature at 50 ft. intervals will be taken from windrows less than 95°F. The windrow will be turned and mixed thoroughly so that the active composting microbes have a greater opportunity to establish themselves and increase their activity. If necessary some on-site compost that is curing, or compost from one of the older windrows could be incorporated into the cool windrow in an effort to provide healthy established microorganisms into the composting material. The windrow, after these procedures would sit unturned . for two weeks to allow the microorganisms to build up activity. The windrow would be turned in response to odors or moisture observations. 6987R/1 1027 6-25 Table 2 presents a summary of the potential problem and the appropriate operational response and control action that should be taken. 1Yl 6.14 Curing/Stabilizing Procedures A separate area will be established for the curing/stabilizing of the composted materials. The curing/stabilizing area will be located on the east side of the complex. The area will be graded at approximately 2% to 5% slope to prevent run on and direct - runoff away from the curing material. The curing compost will overlay sandy soils that drain well. Standing or ponding water is not expected to be a problem at this location. The composted material will be turned one last time and then transported from the pad to the curing/stabilizing area by dump truck. The composted material will be deposited and if necessary, will be piled with a bucket loader. The curing/stabilizing material will be piled into an inverted cone shape and allowed to cure for at least 30 days and up to 90 days. When the curing pile cools from reduced biological activity and size reduction, if any, stops the piled compost will be turned a final time. At the end of the following week the. compost will be considered ready for distribution. Once per week the temperature, moisture content and pile size will be monitored. These parameters will be used as indicators of the stabilization and curing of the compost. Odors if observed in the curing material will result in the immediate turning p g e tur g and thorough aeration and mixing of the material.' After three weeks of consistent temperature readings (without much variation) and size stabilization the material should be considered stable and cured. The final product will be mixed and aerated one last time once the determination of the end of the curing/stabilizing process has been made. Any 5 end product processing such as screening would occur at this time. If deemed appropriate a portable rotary trommel screen would be obtained (leased, rented or borrowed from another Town) for end product preparation just prior to distribution. Depending on the quality and characteristics of the end product the Town will decide at that time as to whether or not to process the end product through a screen. The purchase of a rotary trommel screen for this size yard waste composting operation cannot be justified at this time. However, given an anticipated 6 -month composting time 6987R/1 1027 6-26 Table 6-2 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Facility Troubleshooting and Response Actions Problem/Observed Condition Compost Too Hot Internal temperature measured > 140°F Compost Too Cool Internal temperature < 95°F Compost Too Wet Moisture content of windrow > 55% (5 or more distinct drops from squeeze test) Compost Too Dry Moisture content of windrow < 55% Sour or Off Smell Noticed Odors being generated from windrow(s) 6987R/1 1027 Operational Control/Response Action Turn windrow and thoroughly mix and aerate the windrow. Measure internal temperature one hour after turning and the following day. Repeat turning and measurements if necessary. Check moisture content daily. Turn windrow and monitor temperature and moisture content for one week. If necessary, mix in curing compost or compost from oldest on-site windrow. Do not turn for two weeks. Turn windrow daily until evaporation and consumptive use reduce moisture content to 55% (approximately 1 to 3 distinct drops). Add water to the windrow(s) from on-site 500 gpm well and hydrant or water truck. Check moisture content daily. If necessary turn compost as water is being applied. Check monitoring data sheets and log book. Investigate and identify source(s) of odor. Turn and aerate windrow(s) twice immediately. Inspect next day and if necessary repeat this process until odors are eliminated. 6-27 I and the size of the operation leasing or renting of a screen twice to three times each year could be a more cost effective method of screening the material, if it is necessary. 6.15 Personnel Requirements and Responsibilities - The low technology approach to composting used for the Town's yard waste composting effort relies on as few full-time personnel as possible. During peak periods, such as November and December, additional part—time and/or temporary full—time . 1 workers will be used. The site supervisor oversees and manages all operations at the Town's solid waste complex. His responsibilities will include the overall responsibility for management of the yard waste composting operations. A composting operator will provide daily direction to operate and maintain the composting operations. His daily responsibilities will include: 1 o Monitoring of the windrows WA o Maintaining daily data sheet and log book entries o Directing windrow formation, turning and combining operations o Overseeing the preprocessing operations o Initiating operational control and response actions to -enhance composting activity o Maintaining site cleanliness and order o Inspecting receiving/staging areas and overseeing removal of contaminants Equipment operators for the bucket loaders, dump trucks, and tub grinder will be obtained as needed from the Town's existing labor pool. It is expected that at least one equipment operator will be needed on a full—time and that two or three operators will be needed during peak periods (November, December, and townwide cleanup days). Preprocessing operations, windrow formation/turning/combining, curing pile development, and moving of the yard wastes from the staging areas or to the curing area will be accomplished by the equipment operators. 6987R/1 1027 6-28 Q I I � Part—time and seasonal personnel could be used for receiving/staging area inspections, site housekeeping, temporary assistance during vacations/off time by other personnel, and general site maintenance duties as directed by the site supervisor. The Town will shift personnel from its labor pool and hire additional personnel as needed to staff the yard waste composting facility during peak periods. 6.16 Operation and Monitoring Records Records of site operations will be maintained by the field personnel and the site supervisor. Records kept for the composting operations will include:. o Monitoring Data Sheets (Daily) o Log Book Entries (Daily) o Scalehouse Scale Entries (Daily, compiled monthly) o Volumetric Windrow Measurements and Calculations (Weekly) o Windrow ID and Date of Formation (Semi—annually) o Curing/Stabilization Pile Formation Date, Size, Temperature (Weekly once started) o Final Compost Product Volume/Weighing for Distribution (As distributed) o Water Consumption Records (As applied to windrows) Samples of the daily monitoring report forms are presented in Appendix F. These records will be maintained by Town personnel and reviewed for summarizing into an annual report sent to NYSDEC. 6.17 Compost Sampling and Analysis The purpose of compost sampling and analysis is to chemically characterize the final compost product prior to distribution. Under NYSDEC regulations, 6 NYCRR Part 360 5.4 and 5.5 effective October 9, 1993, there are no requirements for final product sampling or analysis for yard waste compost. As such there will be no sampling or testing of the composting materials beyond the monitoring discussed in this report. 6987R/1 1.027 6-29 r 1 The Town's solid waste complex has a number of groundwater monitoring wells on- site and in the nearby vicinity (see Figure 7-2). Given the proposed composting operations and the site's designed features such as the elevated, 8 to 12 inch thick, crushed stone pad for composting, the existing on-site and vicinity monitoring wells, the 45 ft. depth to groundwater under the site, and the site drainage characteristics, no additional groundwater wells are anticipated to be needed, and no groundwater monitoring is anticipated to be needed following startup of composting operations. 6.18 Site Maintenance Maintenance of the site is an important measure to maintain quality control and control of the various site operations. Grass and other contaminants will be removed daily, at a minimum, from the receiving/staging areas, and prior to preprocessing. Litter, leaf bags, and residual materials will be removed at the end of the day at a minimum, and more frequently if conditions warrant. 6.18.1 Compost Pad Maintenance The compost pad will be maintained with the addition of replacement crushed stone as needed. The grade of the pad will be checked and regraded periodically to maintain " drainage conditions. Any ruts or gouges in the pad will be corrected as identified. Windrows will be maintained in an orderly manner. The windrows will be linear, ti running in a north/south direction. During periods of excessively high winds it may be necessary to use temporary fencing, such as snow fence, to enclose the pad. If necessary snow fence, tarpaulins, or sheets of canvas could be placed on top of each windrow and anchored in an attempt to maintain windrow integrity during extreme adverse conditions. However, this may not be feasible given the 7 acre size of the pad. Alternatively, as material becomes available berms of chipped/shredded brush and other wood could be constructed around the pad to block high winds. It should be. noted that windy conditions are favorable for this operation as it allows greater penetration and air exchange in a windrow. Older windrows are relatively stable since the density of the compost material increases as interstitial spaces decrease in size, and moisture content assists in binding the windrow structure together. 6987R/1 1027 6-30 i ,• } Periods of excessive rainfall are not anticipated to affect the pad or windrows. The pad is expected to direct rain away from the windrows and allow some percolation to avoid surface ponding. If the windrows become too wet (see Section 6.13) they will be turned until the appropriate moisture content is restored. 6.18.2 Hydrant/Well Maintenance The 500 gpm' on-site well and hydrant located to, the south of the pad will be ,t operated regularly to water windrows as determined by monitoring activities. The water truck may be filled from this well. At least semiannually the hydrant/well will be operated if it has not been used in the prior 6 months. The hydrant/well provides a ready source of water for watering the windrows and fire fighting if needed. All fittings and connections will be inspected annually at a minimum. 6.18.3 Housekeeping t J All component areas of the yard waste composting facility will be cleaned of contaminants, litter, emptied leaf bags, and debris daily at a minimum. Receiving/staging { areas will be inspected throughout the day for grass and other contaminants. During peak periods inspection of these areas may be continuous. Personnel will be instructed to keep s 1 the receiving/staging areas orderly and to remove grass as it is identified. The compost pad' will be inspected at the end of each day for grass, other contaminants, litter and debris so that it can be removed. If windrows have been damaged by high winds the yard waste will be collected and restructured into a windrow. 6.19 Facility Contingency Plan The Town has a number of resources at the site and at their disposal to respond and with which to use in the event problems arise. Anticipated problems for which contingency actions have been developed include equipment breakdown, odor control, t vector control, and emergency response actions. i 6987R/1 1027 6-31 6.19.1 Equipment Breakdown The Town has more than one bucket loader at the site, so if one loader were to breakdown another ' is available while repairs are made. If all loaders should become unavailable for composting operations then Town Highway Department equipment or rental equipment would be brought to the site as soon as possible to continue operations. The Town has procured a new tub grinder to replace the older one at the site.. The new tub grinder is not expected to have significant down time, other than for scheduled preventative maintenance. Therefore, it is not anticipated that in the first couple of years that the tub grinder would be unavailable to the composting operations. However, in the event that the tub grinder is out of service for a period of time preprocessing operations will be temporarily suspended until the tub grinder is repaired or until a leased or rental unit can be obtained. Leaves would continue to be placed into windrows for composting. Brush would be stockpiled on—site until preprocessing by the tub grinder or windrow formation by the bucket loader can resume. The stockpiling of brush will occur on a short—term basis in the receiving/staging area, and over the long—term, if necessary, on another portion of the 61 acre site. In the unlikely event brush is stockpiled it will be monitored for odor generation and will be turned to aerate the pile if needed. 6.19.2 Odor Control Inspection of the yard wastes for grass and other contaminants will eliminate these significant source(s) of odor from the composting windrows. Daily, and more frequent, inspection of the yard waste is expected to be performed at the receiving/staging areas, during preprocessing, and on the compost pad. Grass and . other contaminants will be removed from the yard waste materials that will be windrowed for composting. It is anticipated that these actions will prevent and avoid conditions that could result in significant odor formation. Monitoring of the composting process for odors will be performed as one component of the daily monitoring duties of the field personnel described in Section 6.13. As 6987R/1 1027 6-32 the hollow area is created for the thermometer insertion into the windrow, the field personnel will be instructed to examine the, composting material and attempt to detect any odors or indicators of anaerobic conditions. In the event that odors or indicators of anaerobic conditions are detected the entire windrow will be turned twice that day in order to thoroughly aerate the windrow and restore aerobic conditions to the composting process. During the turning process the field �.. personnel will inspect the yard wastes for contaminants or other reasons for the odor generating conditions. The windrow will receive additional monitoring over the following 1 days, and if necessary the aeration process will be repeated until the odor is controlled. 6.19.3 Vector Control The receiving/staging areas and the compost pad are not expected to be a source of vectors. Site drainage is expected to prevent ponding and not provide a suitable environment for mosquito larvae._ Animals, such as birds and rodents, are not expected to be attracted to the yard waste materials for food sources and are not expected to become a nuisance at the site. The yard wastes might afford a temporary home to a few individual r animals during cold periods, . but given the frequent turnings of . the windrows and the preprocessing of the incoming yard wastes there should not be sufficient time for potential L. vectors to establish themselves. In the event that vectors become a problem a fully licensed/certified exterminator will brought to the site to address the vector problem. Trapping of small animals may be used, or vector control agents may be used. No pesticides or other vector control agents will be applied to the composting materials. All vector control agents proposed for use by the exterminator must meet with applicable USEPA, NYSDEC, and health department standards and be acceptable for use at the site. 1 6.19.4 Emergency Responses I In the event. of a fire at the yard waste composting facility, the Cutchogue Fire Department and the site's emergency coordinator will be notified immediately. Site personnel. are to use water hoses from the water truck and the existing 500 gpm well 1 6987R/1 1027 6-33 and hydrant south of the pad, as appropriate. The site supervisor will act as the site's emergency coordinator, and will interact with responding emergency service personnel: In the event of a medical emergency, Eastern Long Island Hospital is 11 miles east of the site and is reached by CR 48 to Route 25 into Greenport. The Cutchogue Fire Department and Southold Town police will be notified immediately for emergency medical personnel and ambulance transportation. Telephones are available at the office in the collection center, and the scalehouse. 1 The following emergency telephone numbers will be posted in the collection center, at the Facility, and the scalehouse: Cutchogue Fire Department 734-6333 Suffolk County Fire Emergency Control 924-5252 -,' or Dial 0 for the Operator Southold Police Department 911 Eastern Long Island Hospital 477-1000 Unauthorized or improper wastes will be turned away from the receiving/staging areas. If such waste is unloaded, site personnel will confine the waste, and isolate it for removal separate from the acceptable wastes. When site personnel identify improper wastes the site supervisor will be immediately notified, and only after segregation of this waste from acceptable wastes can operations resume. The improper waste will be removed as soon as possible by individuals or firms that are authorized. to handle such wastes. If appropriate, the Town's household hazardous waste building may be used for temporary storage of this waste. Dust control is not expected to be a significant problem at the site since stone will be used in unpaved, heavy use areas. The water truck and other water sources can be used to wet dust sources and suppress dust generation. In the event of a hurricane or other type of severe storm personnel will evacuate the the pad area after securing equipment. Hurricanes, with advanced warnings, allow Town personnel to take additional measures commensurate with the evaluation of the impact to the composting operations and to Town resources. If Town personnel and resources 6987R/1 1027 6-34 L allow, it may be possible to provide temporary fencing around the compost pad, and receiving/staging areas. Temporary wood 'chip and/or earthen berms may be constructed around these areas in place of fencing. Tarpaulins or temporary fencing may be placed on top of windrows and anchored into the pad and ground in an attempt to keep windrowed materials in place. These actions would betaken after appropriate notification is made to the Town by emergency management authorities. Repairs to windrows and the site will be made as Town resources allow after the storm has passed. 6.20 Wood Chipping Operations A portion of the woody wastes delivered to the receiving/staging areas may be segregated and chipped for distribution separate from the yard waste composting operations. These materials will be selected by the field personnel in response to the demand for wood chips. The Town has made effective on-site use of wood chips for berms and edging along on-site roads. Wood chips have also been distributed to residents and local landscapers free of charge. It has not yet been determined as to what portion of the incoming yard waste could be diverted from composting to chipping operations. However, chipping operations are consistent with the intent of this operation to remove yard waste from the waste stream and recover a resource for local use. This, operation is consistent with NYSDEC policy to increase recycling efforts that have a demand for the material. 6.21 Annual Reporting The Town will submit an annual report to NYSDEC on the yard waste composting i operations. The report will be'sent within 120 days following the anniversary of the permit date issued for the Facility. The report will contain the following information: o The weight and/or volume of the 'type(s) and quantity of yard waste received o The frequency of turning and a table indicating the date(s) and volume of water added to the composting material o The amount, by weight or volume, of final compost product produced o Copies of daily monitoring records 6987R/1 1027 6-35 o The annual total amount of compost (undergoing curing or from an older windrow) used in the formation of new windrows - if used to seed new windrows o The amount, by weight or volume, of compost removed from the complex o A description of the final compost product distribution during the past year. 6987R/1 1027 6-36 7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS The proposed yard waste composting operations will increase the recovery of materials from the waste stream of the Town of Southold, thereby reducing the residuals that require ultimate disposal options. This is consistent with the Town's Solid Waste Management Plan (and Update), and the State's solid waste management planning goals. Operations at the site, as presented in this report, conform with State regulations for solid t waste management facilities. Impacts resulting from the implementation of the yard waste composting operations, .r, as presented in this report, are expected to be beneficial in the long term with some short term or temporary effects possible. Where appropriate, mitigating measures would be lig _ implemented to reduce the magnitude of any short term or temporary effect that results from implementation of composting operations. 7.1 Geology, Topography, and Soils The proposed operations are not expected to affect the local geology of the site. Composting operations will occur on the compost pad. No excavation will be necessary. The base surface will be prepared by scraping away the existing layer of commingled soils and composting materials that are between 6 and 18 inches deep. The base surface would be graded and sloped to the north to enhance drainage. The 8 to 12 inch crushed stone pad would be placed over the prepared base surface. Materials removed from this portion of the site would be used to help reclaim the borrow area. The existing cover soils and compost commingled materials may not provide suitable stability or support for the pad. The local site soils have, over a number of years, commingled with materials from the small scale leaf composting operations, previous site activities, and other soils brought onto the site in the past. Heavy rains have turned this area soft on occasion and would cause the pad to become incorporated into this material, thereby decreasing the effectiveness of the pad as a work area for composting, for drainage, and for ponding protection. Figure 7-1 shows the on—site soils of, the complex. The portion of the site where composting would occur is designated as Ma for made land. Original soils from glacial deposition have been altered at this location and scraping of the commingled soil and compost 6988R 1027 7-1 materials would not effect local soils. The removed soils would be placed in the area previously used as a borrow area. This would assist in reclaiming this portion of the complex. The soils of the new base surface would be compacted before constructing the pad. The grading of the site towards the north would not significantly alter local site topography. This "area is relatively flat with some very shallow depressions. Ponding would be reduced as a result of improved localized drainage. The drainage basin already exists on the northern portion of the site. A shallow swale would be established across the 450 ft. width of the northern end of the pad (over 25 ft. north of the pad) to convey excess runoff from the site to the existing drainage basin. 7.2 Water The proposed composting operations are not expected to affect water quality at or nearby the site. Other than' on-site drainage basins there are no surface water bodies within 1,000 feet of the boundaries of the complex. Therefore, the proposed composting operations will not affect surface waters. Monitoring wells on and off-site have been sampled by Suffolk County Department of Health (SCDOH) and by the Town. SCDOH sampling results indicate that ground water in the area of the complex has been affected primarily by fertilizers and pesticides originating from agricultural activities in the Town. Aldicarb, dichloropropane (both insecticides), ,nitrates, and potassium chloride (fertilizer residues) have been found during sampling studies in the vicinity of the complex. A more detailed discussion of ground water at the complex is presented in the hydrogeological study performed by the Town and submitted to the State in order to delist the site. Depth to ground water on the portion of the site where composting would occur is approximately 45 feet below surface grade. Composting yard wastes can be a net consumer of water except during extended periods of precipitation or in heavy rain. Any leachate from the composting yard wastes would be expected to runoff the pad to the storm water controls that are north of the pad. Some precipitation and leachate would percolate through the pad to the packed prepared base surface where it would be directed towards the storm water controls by the site slope to the north. Percolation of leachate into the soils may occur; however, any effect this may have on the ground water is not anticipated to be significant. 6988R 1027 7-3 The complex has existing on and off-site monitoring wells that have been sampled as part of Town monitoring and site delisting actions. General groundwater flow underneath the site is towards the north. Figure 7-2 shows monitoring wells in the vicinity of the site and the inferred direction of storm water flow under this area. Monitoring wells 5-68831 and S-68916 are located on the northern perimeter of the western portion of the site immediately north of the compost pad. These wells and the existing 500 gpm well and hydrant (5-76687) would allow for ground water monitoring of the compost area if necessary. These wells are expected to be monitored in conjunction with the closure of the landfill. As such, no new wells or additional groundwater monitoring are considered necessary for implementing these proposed composting operations. 7.3 Air Air resources in the Town are not expected to 'be affected from implementing composting operations. No significant increases in vehicle emissions are expected from vehicles delivering yard wastes. On-site vehicle emissions would remain the same as when the landfill was in operation or possibly decrease slightly since bucket loaders -are expected to work fewer hours at the transfer station and composting activities. Odors are discussed in Section 7.7. While specific windrows were not available for the Town, annual wind roses from Brookhaven National Laboratories (1974 to 1978) are presented on Figures 7-3 and a monthly summary of windrows from Islip Mac Arthur Airport using data from 1985 to 1989 are shown on Figures 7-4a and b. The wind roses indicate that winds from westerly directions (south-southwest to north-northwest) predominate over the course of a year. Any, local effects to air quality at the compost operations would be expected to travel according to the general tendencies exhibited in these wind roses. The Town's proposed operation would be in a wide open, lightly developed, industrial zoned portion of the Town. Previous solid waste activities at the complex, including the 'II small scale composting operations, have not had reported local or Townwide effect on air ,- quality. To the west, east, and north of the compost pad the nearest residence or place of e business is well over 1,000 feet away. South of the pad there are 13 residential structures and a church within 1,000 feet of the proposed composting operations. 6988R 1027 7-4 3-63328. 3326326 S-e5eoe SOUTHOLD LANDFILL - ou S-71285 I A............ ............ 0 S-71284 0 5-71044 71283S-68831 S -75113---\ \8 —889le doj —7ee87 8-71045 vz' S-7.1282 INFERRED DIRECTION OF GROUND WATER FLOW 3--71170. . (\�J\ /• ��`' ,� S-71 17 Cutcbogue to r-jo > 10 OL S-71281 at 'A jq... ...... s-er)eo5 'k - Do .S-71280 S. lol S-10390 —32390 y 0 Q . , of -,' C u —71279"0 08-71278 8 0 6 .7711278278 V u c 8-7 1 2 -Te ! lil�y '?2 479' BM'32'. •. :,1' ulchope r S-5332 Z'\ S 't I I Nor(h F., 274; 9M 0 cown(ey Clt,- S-7'1 750 4 SCALE IN FEET 0 1000 2000 SOURCE: USGS, MATTITUCK HILLS & SOUTHOLD QUADRANGLES TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOSTING ENGINEERING REPORT EMrka MONITORING WELLS LOCATED IN Oand Bardlucx:i VICINITY OF LANDFILL FIGURE 7-2 CcF46Ljp TM 04304EERS W S 1974 N E S 1975 N S S 1977 1978 Brookhaven National Laboratory Annual Wind Roses 1974 through 1978 N S 1976 (� 12.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 I WIND SPEED CLASS BOUNDARIES (METERS/SECOND) NOTES: DIAGRAM OF THE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE FOR EACH WIND DIRECTION. WIND DIRECTION IS THE DIRECTION FROM WHICH THE WIND IS BLOWING. FIGURE 7-3 w W IIIIIIIIIIIM N N N S January N o E zoI`• ' + E w W S February N �E W S March N X15 2IW 5 xW 'IE S S S April May June 7 i2.1 19.0 Islip MacArthur Airport -�' 5 Year Wind Rose by Month WIND SPEED CLASS BOUNDARIES 1985 through 1989 (na/wua) FIGURE 7-4a W W N E W N S S S July August September N N N S October ♦.7 4.0 7 5 12 1 19. 0 I ====:z z� WIND SPEED CLASS BOUNDARIES S November Islip MacArthur Airport 5 Year Wind Rose by Month 1985 through 1989 so+ o IS f E S December FIGURE 7-4b r I l r The Town's Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP)/GEIS contained in Appendix D a Generic Health and Safety Assessment of Alternatives for a Solid Waste Plan (July 1990). Section 8 of this assessment discussed the issue of fungal spores from a Compost facility and indicated that the primary area of concern from aerospora are fungi, which. can be classified as secondary pathogens. The assessment stated that secondary pathogens affect people whose defense systems have been weakened by certain diseases or therapies. Examples of secondary pathogens are some thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes. These most often affect people who have had respiratory infections or prolonged antibiotic or steroid treatments. The main thermophilic fungus of concern is Aspergillus fumigatus, which causes a respiratory condition known as Aspergillosis. The 1990 assessment in the Town's SWMP/GEIS also identified certain measures be taken to improve the general health standards to reduce the risks of secondary infections. While the measures were primarily oriented to an indoor municipal solid waste composting facility, it is recommended that some of those measures be "taken as well as others. Therefore, the following are recommended: 1. Workers should be encouraged to maintain high standards of hygiene. 2. During periods of dry weather, the composting area should be sprinkled with water to reduce potential dust dispersal. 3. Windrow turning equipment should have enclosed, air conditioned cabs or the equipment operator should wear dust filter masks. In addition, in order to avoid exposure to elevated levels of spores dispersed by the windrow turning equipment, other field personnel should not work close to turning equipment when the windrows are being turned. 4 Protective clothing, i.e., uniforms and/or coveralls, safety shoes should be worn by all employees working at the composting facility. 5 Workers should change from protective outer clothing to street clothes at the end of each day. Soiled protective outer, clothing should not leave the premises. 6. It is suggested that -tetanus, polio, and typhoid inoculations be given. Individuals who are diabetic or have severe allergies or asthma or other compromising infections or diseases should not be employed for the composting operations. 6988R 1 027 7-9 Fugitive dust generation is not expected to increase significantly. The composting operation is closer to the asphalt pavement areas on—site than the access roads to the landfill, so travel on dirt roads that generate dust is reduced. Watering activities on the roads and the windrows can suppress dust generation and are expected to be used by the Town personnel to control fugitive dust. 7.4 Traffic Traffic to the complex consists of Town vehicles, collection vehicles, and private vehicles that deliver yard wastes, recyclables and other waste materials. Vicinity traffic patterns and volume are not expected to be altered as a result of implementing the proposed composting operations. Traffic to the complex is not expected to increase significantly, if at all, as a result of this action. Most vehicles delivering yard waste already segregate the yard waste prior to delivery to the complex and combine the transport of yard wastes to the complex as part of existing recycling and disposal trips to the site. Residents have separated leaves from their wastes for the small scale composting operation, and more are expected to as a result of the new per bag disposal fees for garbage and free drop off for yard wastes. Most of the necessary trips to deliver the expected increased amounts of separated yard wastes are expected to be part of the normal daily visits made by residents to deliver recyclables and wastes to the collection center. There may be some additional traffic from vehicles delivering exclusively yard waste materials. 7.5 Community Services The implementation of the proposed composting operations is not expected to have a significant effect on community services in the Town. The beneficial impact to the community from avoiding a portion of the cost of .materials for capping the landfill, using compost products for public works projects, and distributing a free product already in demand by residents and commercial interests in the community cannot be quantified, but is a consideration in proceeding with this project. The avoided costs of more expensive disposal practices and recovery of a natural resource from the waste stream are additional beneficial impacts to the community as a whole. 6988R 1027 7-10 It might be possible for a fire to start in the staging areas or on the compost pad. However, given that the composting yard wastes are to be kept moist this occurrence is not considered likely. If a fire did occur the water truck and 500 gpm well and hydrant would be utilized by site personnel until the local fire department arrived to extinguish ' any remaining fire (see section 6.20.4). The local fire department(s) have the ability to handle fire protection for the complex (even when the landfill was in operation), and the - shift in potential fire conditions and fire loads from landfilling operations to composting operations and transfer operations may be less. Police, public health, electric, recreational facilities and other community services are not expected to be significantly affected by the proposed operations. The composting operations could be used for local school educational visits and provide a product for school projects. Given the agricultural heritage of the Town this operation could have some benefit to local educational programs. 7.6 Noise Noise will .be generated by the equipment operating on-site. The tub grinder, bucket loaders and dump truck, when in operation, will be sources of noise. However, these noise sources have been operating at this site for a number of years and the switch to transfer and composting operations from landfilling is not expected to result in a significant increase. Noise generators such as equipment and vehicles would operate only during the existing hours of operation. The tub grinder has been operating on-site, chipping and shredding brush and landclearing debris over the years. The tub grinder may work more hours during normal operating times to preprocess leaves and other yard wastes that were previously not shredded, but the operation of the tub grinder would be consistent with historical operations at the site. The increased duration of operating this equipment is not anticipated to result in significant effects. Operation of the tub grinder would not be continuous throughout the year. Peak periods, November and December, would result in the longest period of operation for the tub grinder. During slower periods of the year the tub grinder would not be operated until sufficient material has accumulated which could result in extended periods of no noise ' from the tub grinder. i 6988R 1027 7-11 1 Bucket loaders have been operated on an almost continuous basis on the landfill and at other portions of the complex for various operations. The compost operations will require the use of bucket loaders, but the operating time for this equipment is anticipated to be less than when the landfill was in operation. As the windrows get older they are turned less frequently (see section 6.12). The bucket loader will not be needed for constant daily turning activities. It is expected that there will be periods throughout a given year that bucket loader operations will be intermittent in nature thereby resulting in less noise generated than during landfilling operations. When taken in conjunction with transfer operations, which eventually would occur in a building, the cumulative effect of noise generated on—site would be expected to be reduced from historical operations on the landfill. Vehicular traffic is not expected to increase significantly, if at all, so noise from vehicles making deliveries to the complex would not be expected to increase. 7.7 Odors Odors can form in composting yard wastes when the aerobic conditions are displaced by anaerobic microorganisms and oxygen levels are depleted. Grass is notorious for actively consuming oxygen after cutting, and for rapid decomposition thereby further consuming interstitial oxygen and generating significant odors. For this reason grass will be excluded from the proposed operations. Aerobic conditions will be maintained through frequent scheduled turnings and an active monitoring program. _ Operational personnel will be instructed to monitor for odor formation as part of normal daily activities. Any observed traces or indications of odor would be handled by site personnel as discussed in section 6.13. However, the composting operations presented in this engineering report are expected to establish and maintain aerobic conditions in the windrowed yard wastes. The diversion of grass, the frequent turning schedule and the monitoring program presented in Section 6 are designed to accomplish the aerobic composting of the yard waste received by the Town. While an active and aerobic composting windrow will have an odor, it is not expected to be as offensive or overpowering as odors produced under anaerobic conditions. Odor effects are expected to be minimized or controlled by maintaining aerobic conditions in the composting yard ! wastes. 6988R '' 1027 7-12 ti 8.0 FACILITY CLOSURE In the event closure of the yard waste composting operations becomes necessary, sufficient .notice of intent will be supplied to all involved agencies in order to allow arrangements for alternate means of disposal or recycling for the Town's yard wastes. 1' Discontinued use of operations will be followed by the removal of all yard waste and residues. The compost pad would be removed in the event closure becomes necessary. Removal and decontamination procedures, if necessary, will be monitored so as to prevent ` adverse environmental/health impacts. Final closure procedures will be undertaken, so as to minimize the need for further maintenance and monitoring activities. At present, the life of the operations is unknown. The Town will amend the closure plan whenever a change in design, or date of partial closure, requires a modification to closure procedures. 6984R 1027 8-1 9.0 REFERENCES The BioCycle Guide to Yard Waste Composting, edited by the Staff of BioCycle - Journal of Waste Recycling, J.G. Press, 1989. "Composting Equipment and Systems for Solid Waste and Sludge," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, April 1991.. "Experimenting with Windrow Heights," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, March 1993. "Yard Waste Equipment,"' BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1989. Morbark Report, Vol. 1, Number 2, Spring 1993. SCAT Composting Equipment Handbook, Scat Engineering, 1992. J.W. Allen, "The Life and Times of a Composting Company," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, March 1993. A.W. Barkdoll and R.A. Nozdstedt, "Strategies for Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, May 1991. S.C. Buckner, "High Volume Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, April 1991. J. Bye, "Composting on the Urban Fringe," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, April 1991. D. Cantor, "Doubling Up On Yard Waste" BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1989. T. Carnier and M. Cameron, "How to Select a Shredder," Waste Age, July 1989. P. Clinton, "Wood and Yard Waste Recycling," Fuel Harvesters Equipment, May 1993. M. Cole and K. Leonas, "Effects of Grinding and Turning on , Degradability," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, March 1991. G. Desmaris, "Operating Parameters for Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, November 1991. Dvirka and Bartilucci, Town of Southold Solid Waste Management Plan/Generic Environmental Impact Statement, September 1990. Dvirka and Bartilucci, Town of Southold Solid Waste Management Update, to be issued in 1993. Dvirka and Bartilucci, Town of Southold Solid Waste Transfer Station, Part 360 Engineering Report and Permit Application, to be issued in 1993. Dvirka and Bartilucci, Technical Information Package (for the Temporary Emergency Transfer Operations), September 1993. C. Field, "Compost: A Windrow of Opportunity?" World Wastes, Undated. I- 7004R/2 1027 9-1 G.L.; "Landscape Company Moves into Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, July 1992. G.L. and J.B., "Private Approaches to Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, July 1991. G.L., "Green Model from Decatur" BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1993. J. Glenn, "Yard Waste Composting Enters a New Dimension," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1990. J. Glenn, "Taking a Bite Out of Yard. Waste," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1989. K. Grobe and M. Buchanan, "Agricultural Markets for Yard Waste Compost" BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1993. R.T. Hary and W.T., Ellsworth, "Measuring Compost Substrate Degradability" BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, January 1991. W.G. Horst, et.al., "Controlling Compost Odors," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, November 1991. P. Hunt, "Communications and Odor Control," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, January 1990. J. Kelly, "Large Scale Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1993. P. Kluchinski and J. Morgan, "On -Farm Leaf Composting and Mulching," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, March 1993. H. Kubota and K. Nakasaki, "Accelerated Thermophilec Composting of Garbage," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, June 1991. L.R. Kuhlman, "Windrow Composting of Agricultural and Municipal Wastes," Resources, Conservation, and Recycling, 4 (1990) 151-160, Pergammon Press. G. Logsdon, "Composting the Green (Grass) Monster," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1993. G. Logsdon, "Alternative Answers for 'Sour Grass'," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1993. J. McLeod, "Process Yard Waste Into Spreadable Mulch," Farmland, Inc., 1993. NYSDEC, 6 NYCRR Part 360, Solid Waste Management Facilities - Revisions/Enhancements to New York State's Solid Waste Management Facilities, Effective October 9, 1993. NYSDEC, "Easy Backyard Composting." J.P. O'Connor, "Equipping for High -Volume Yard Waste Processing" Solid Waste and Power, Unknown Date. 7004R/2 1027 9-2 D. Riggle "Mobile Management for Yard Waste Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, November 1991. B. Schoenecker and A. Mc Connell, "Composting Yard Waste Under Cover and Over Air," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, January 1993. J.R. Snell, "Proper Grinding for Efficient Composting," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, April 1991. R. Spencer, "Food Waste Composting Facility Plants Recycling Seeds," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, April 1991. A.C. Taylor and R.M. Kashmanian, "Overview of EPA Composting Study," BioCycle Journal of Waste Recycling, September 1989. Unknown Author, "Outline for Planning Compost Project" undated. Manufacturer's design, specifications, promotional literature and personal communications from the following companies were used in developing this document: Fuel Harvesters Equipment Jones Manufacturing Farmland Inc. Recycling Systems Iggesund Recycling Universal Engineering FECON Inc. Royer Industries Inc. Northeast Implement Corp. Bandit Industries Inc. Brown Bear Corp. SCARAB Manufacturing and Leasing Inc. SCAT Engineering , Wildcat Manufacturing Co., Inc. Resource Recovery System of Nebraska Eagle Cousher Co. HO Penn/Caterpillar Edward Ehrbahr/Komatsu—Dresser Ohio Central Steel Co. Reotemp Instrument Corp. Walden Instrument Supply Co. Brooklyn Thermometer Co. Cole Parmer Laboratory Supply 7004R/2 r 027 9-3 APPENDIX A Regional and Vicinity Drawings 6998R 1027 APPENDIX B Traffic Flow Pattern Drawing 6998R 1027 I I' _ _ _ _. _ ___ _ -___ _ __- ._ _-___-- --- NO.I DATE REVISION 5 !i0 41 50"G 'Irj,O �I II J j � �► I � I I � &9 1 I G` TOP OF SIDE SLOPE —'—�• 1 � 11 I— — I'11• • � r 4a1.y9 S 6.32 f; 1 °� � •��� — Nb 0 ° s I I SAND P/T \ I II � • IMAIN LANDFILL AREA -----,i �1I PROPOSED 3 v d 0 -L-riLl ' L.lucco 0 X83, 09 0 - DROP-OFF FOR a BAGGED L EAVES 0 AND BRUSH OD IJasT� a� \ ST�� ..•.. \ STATION AT R \\ \` \ �I I. �I \ �e I BOTTOM OF SIDE SL 0/� / — — ❑ ;4+� 24'x• � N til 51' 3'l I • 1 I PROPOSED— • OFFICE / �•� STRUCTURE / �• I PROCESS/NG, � RECEA111VG AND\ / � STAG/NG AREA FOR 1 LEAVES AND BRUSH 40 9,2 9 `-' ' • �r ; f , � � N 5!0' 2,.a' W 7g 3Q 5(iOJ77Dk.lrvl 200- 6 AREA FOR COMPOST/NG OPERATIONS 1 �I El PART 360 M/N/MUM19 rvo = - HORIZONTAL---- =ff�SEPARAT/ON s DIS TANCE �x1 `-r1f-i4r f.f.fr.•r,i rf ., •ri(/^ \ � _- - 200'-0" I — 1 N m Ntis,• j -I' �•w -_ _- -- -- -- -- 9�o�,Z4y tiJ r�.y.• r�2' ►�' w 480.&7 Lti.153,4.4.'w 22,rv3 I'l e'er c�►.tDL�TGD Jug`( 'I , 1 ell F -1 -if VEHICLE TYPE LEGEND -- • -� • RESIDENTIAL -��- �-- CARTERS WITH GARBAGE -- CARTERS WITH RECYCLABLES INT. UNAUTHORIZED ALTERATION OR ADDITION TO THIS DOCUMENT IS A VIOLATION OF SECTION 7209 OF. THE NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION LAW. PROJECT ENGINEER: DRAWN BY: A.O.C. I T. McC. DESIGNED BY: CHECKED BY: A.O.C. I J.W.R. rmriLa and 0 Bartilucci CONSULTING ENGINEERS DIVISION OF WILLIAM F COSULICH ASSOCIATES,PC Syosset, New York TOWN OF SOUTHOLD SUFFOLK COUNTY NEW YORK YARD WASTE COMPOSTING OPERATIONS CUTCHOGUE, NEW YORK GENERAL TRANSFER VEHICLES VEHICLES WITH YARD WASTE FOR REVIEW ONLY DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION. TRAFFIC FLOW P-A-T--TER(� 111 27 1993' PROJECT NO. 1027 DATE: OCT., 1993 SCALE: I" = 100' DRAWING NO. 7 EASTERN SUiFOLK CO-OP ...J S.60.32. T;, ' E .. 75• - _ S.60.4750 t LAN I li co CD _ Co S — , r• i � W ox ll L. I J • W HE/D TMA N SCHROEDER PRA T T GLOVER TOP OF SIDE SLOPE I I CORAZ/N/ W SI _JAI II PUDGEI �I CORP. I � I w n I o o II \ M 01'ERHEAD �_ M EL EC TRIC L /NES O 1 z vi • 3c: 371.0 0 GLOVER /10,1 — • � 487.59 S.53.32'E 171.77 =0.35 E N. 57 —40.0 — — GRA Y S.57.05 E • • l: L 'Y Y Y i S 1 ♦k x ' 'YxY'.'rr h• ;>CUR/)Il6 �A; �i.'� N" DD TEMPORA Y u ,TOCKP/L/NG N ° LINE 683 , , "' `�'� `Y •N 1 11 ROPERTY I • \ I • ;"k': }',` ^'OR;:��CdMPO T";{'RODUCT,�:�R/O^:'/ O'.U.Sr.%�,;,ix �`! S.57.17 50 E P N -- — _ ,,•y" y,. y' , ,-+.*rl *, ,� `•.+-.-..-..a. .-....-...:...y„ .+.. ,...-..-•rte l,k... 1Cd• X y'x{ k Y*. < `. n^.x rx1 {•" Y t y Y. l" r,.^<^.y. .y. ••� `r^K kX �•rk f��Xx>X'.r' ;v� �(;✓ x `x^' 'k'sk. 'k .. ;—. DROP-OFF FOR ' • '` .fx , x.,`n %.4�:Y: 1Y xf"Y`X'' •• BAGGED LEAVES I 'YY'l:1rxX' YK`'%` . �•— -•� AND BRUSHJUIVGE I • SAND P1 �� �u Xx,.,... X' •, u b PROPOSED I / / .... TRANSFER l . •. •. •. • STAT/ON / •:•:•• • ' MAIN LANDFILL AREA 1 �y • L /ICO TRANSMISSION HA RR/S • \ TOWFR� \ 1 N \ BOTTOM OF SIDE SLOPE �� II��III� Illilldlllil, _ II z __ ---of \ • • • I I \ 136 �Lroo 1E 0 N:57.37,W • to • ` PROPOSED --� 1 , LEGEND'. GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL AND SAMPLING LOCATION FROM PREVIOUS STUDIES © WATER SUPPLY(WS) WELL AND SAMPLING LOCATION FROM PREVIOUS STUDIES WELL 0.4 • OFF/CE— • •� STRUCTURE EXISTING 1 v- \ / ENTRANCE � LAND OF McBR/DE PROCESS/NG, / v RECEIVING AND , • \ � EX/ST/NG GATE HOUSE 1 STAG/NG AREA FOR I AND SCALES. I , ' \ LEAVES AND BRUSH i RUNOFF /CD LO 04 .� J \ ' 700'- 0" PAD .` ' , '��'� ;,` �J/N N.56.23'00"W 409.29 N37.94pvi oM \ \ 180'- 0" 220'- OO�Q'r •",,. I e W • Q 0 WS -1 o -.. 200'-0" IC.— IDIOM WS -3 WS -2 �. \ 519.35 ,...,.. ---. •--r.- - --� l`,_ N — N.56.03 30 • /'.. :.240.-"0.;... NO. I DATE NO SCALE -NOTE METES AND BOUNDS AS MAPPED JULY 7,1989 BY RODERICK VAN TUYL, P.C., LIC. LAND SURVEYORS - GREENPORT, N.Y. REVISION INT. 50-0' LANDF O MCBR/DE. SEE DRAWING NO. G5 FOR DRAINAGE FACILITIES UNAUTHORIZED ALTERATION OR ADDITION TO THIS DOCUMENT IS A VIOLATION OF SECTION 7209 OF THE NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION LAW. PROJECT ENGINEER: DRAWN BY: A.O.C. T.McC. DESIGNED BY: CHECKED BY: A.O.C.• JW. R. 0'' to 290'f n r. EDGE OF ! ] I vi CD CRUSHED STONE PAD /:.:.::;';::: 360'- b" ` MIN. 8" : •� t L I- THICK�L u LV ':: •.'-.' •,_•.—�.�:��••�—•.•.:. .. 1. ,�. :�1. ' • � '� CRUSHED �"' LAND OF BAPTIST CHURCH 600 - 0:: (TYP) �' --�- �- ,`�- t. — 0 STONE 2•/.TOS%`•. 9...• ...:. " PAD 0 SLOPE 1 g ��•. ,.- � � . WS -5 \ fit. L, y. c. L/LCO I I _o ]i R \ V r M , ANS /S IWINDROW AREA C) 1....'' ' •' •`::.1 7::' •i.rWr`rriiil • •irr� • `++L�rria • • I,�r.r `l.• o ,...:. TOWER PART 360 WS -6 - / 0 6,000 LIN. FT. I� DRAINAGE`----------:-•='=• ' -----� ` , ; `4t.`:\'�•`t M/N/MUM N 4 103.12 Z o 18,000 CU. YDS. INITIAL VOLUME_,,. --�' N 2 II. HORIZONTAL J 1 , �: .: L t S.55 19 50 W WS -8 —••� SLOPE ' M AR ::::" : '`::`; ' . 46,800 CU.YDS. PROCESSING VOLU E/YE j v ., . r - o ;.• 4 , ..,`r._`,: -..`. SEPARAT/OP✓�..J (9.360 TONS/YEAR AT 4001bs/Cu_YD) L0 I' + 1 \D/S A CE - M r✓ ,.• - M f1'iS R .4 .1 1 X S �! 11 ':. WS -7 WiA •7 RAN GE' D 00 M� 5 GP ' i - 0 ELL777 \ 2%TOS%: W :.'•...•. ''t:. 'c.`:� .W\,�. �'�.\-•'�-�. `.Li'i.`,L. y.- _. _. l _ ^.� SLOPE.* t -A E. r • TUTN .4 \ I L l i 4 F 1' \ I I :1. b I P i:- WOR ING A SLE(�TY ) 0 25, K 1 I_ I .. o �I 200 0 O /SLOPE...\ :��:•.2/ T 5 o ::::;:•.....:::'::�•:�•`�::�::�.�:�:_'•��'��:��•.•:•:�•�;:::::::.:;:�•::�:•::�:��'`:�;;:�:�:�::�:'•:�°��:�:•`� w1 —. ::::: '' ._.: -.::: • •.:. 18 BASE OF WINDROW (TYh� o _ I .� ::::._.._ :: BROWN PART 360 MIN/MUM HORIZONTAL SEPARATION DISTANCE M M Z N 53.3750"W PROPERTY LINE 965.23N.54 -52'5d' 4808(;---• --! ' 50-0" LAND OF McBR/DE TOWN OF SOUTHOL D EMrka SUFFOLK COUNTY NEW YORK and 0 Bartiiucci WASTE COMPOSTING OPERATIONS CONSULTING ENGINEERS YARD WA A DIVISION OF WI LLIAM F COSULICH ASSOCIATES, P C Syosset, New York CUTCHOGUE, NEW YORK 1 11 N.53.44'W.-22.53 50'-0' GENERAL SITE IT OR REVIEW ONLY, �0 NOT USE FOF� C01VSTRUCTI0h!. OOT 27 1993 PROJECT NO. 1027 DATE: OCT., 1993 SCALE: I"= 100' WS -9 0 DRAWING NO. APPENDIX C Site Layout Drawing APPENDIX D SEQRA Negative Declaration M Environmental Assessment Form 6998R 1027 SEQRA NEGATIVE DECLARATION NOTICE OF DETERMINATION OF NONSIGNIFICANCE Lead Agency: Town of Southold Address: 53095 Main Road Southold, NY 11971 Date: The Town of Southold, as Lead Agency, has determined that the proposed action described below is not expected to have a significant effect on the environment. This notice is issued pursuant to Part 617 of the implementing regulations pertaining to Article 8 (State Environmental Quality Review) of the Environmental Conservation Law. Title of Action:. Construction and Operation of a Yard Waste Composting Facility SEQR Status: Unlisted Description of Action: The Town of Southold proposes to expand yard waste composting operations at the site of the Southold Solid Waste Complex on Middle Road (CR 48) in Cutchogue. A Part 360 permit application to construct and operate a yard waste composting facility at the site has been prepared to document the facility's compliance with appropriate regulations and operational requirements. In May 1990, the Town received authorization from the State to initiate an exempt small scale yard waste composting operation for less than 3,000 cubic yards of leaves per year. The Town has been composting leaves since receiving the May 1990 authorization. The proposed action would allow for expansion of yard waste composting operations for the entire amount of yard waste, exclusive of grass, generated in the Town. Approximately 9,000 tons per year of leaves, mulch, brush, landclearing debris and wood chips would be aerobically composted in windrows formed on a crushed stone pad at the Town's solid waste complex. 7010R/1 1027 -1- Location: . Middle Road (CR 48), Cutchogue Suffolk County, New York Reason Supporting this Determination: Expanding yard waste composting operations at the site of the existing Southold solid waste complex is not expected to have a significant ' effect on the environment. This site has been utilized for solid waste management for a number of years and the proposed action would not result in significant environmental impacts. The expanded yard waste composting operations would allow for the recovering and reuse of a greater portion of the Town's waste stream thereby increasing recycling in the Town. The proposed composting operations to be performed in accordance with Part 360 regulations, which are described in the Part 360 Engineering Report and Permit Application, are expected to mitigate, any impacts that may result from the proposed action. For Further Information: Scott L. Harris Supervisor ! Town of Southold 53095 Main Road Southold, NY 11971 (516) 765-1800 Copies of this Notice Sent to: Commissioner - Department of Environmental Conservation 50 Wolf Road Albany, New York 12233-0001 Region I Office Department of Environmental Conservation Building 40 - SUNY at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11790 7010R/1 1027 -1- 14.16-7 !2 877 —,'c 617.21 ' SEAR Appendix A State Environmental Quality Review FULL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FORM Purpose: The full EAF is designed to help applicants and agencies determine, in an orderly manner, whether a prosect or action may be significant. The question of whether an action may be significant is not always easy to answer Frequent. Iv. there are aspects of a project that .are subjective or.unmeasureable. It is also understood that those who determine significance may have little or no formal knowledge of the environment or may be technically expert in environmental analysis In addition. many who have knowledge in one particular area may not be aware of the broader concerns arfecting the question of significance The full EAF is intended to provide a method whereby applicants and agencies can be assured that the determination process has been orderly, comprehensive in nature, yet flexible to allow introduction of information to fit a project or action Full EAF Components: The full EAF is comprised of three parts: Part 1: Provides objective data and information about a given project and its site. By identifying bask project _. data, it assists a reviewer in the analysis that takes place in Parts 2 and 3. Part 2: Focuses on identifying the range of possible impacts that may occur from a project or action. It provides guidance as to whether an impact is likely to be considered small' to moderate or whether it is a potential ly. large impact. The form also identifies whether an impact can be mitigated or reduced. Part 3: If any impact in Part 2 is identified as potentially -large, then Part 3 is used to evaluate .whether or not the impact is actually important. DETERMINATION OF SIGNIFICANCE -Type 1 and Unlisted Actions Identify the Portions of EAF completed for this project: ® Part 1 C Part 2 Part 3 Upon review of the information recorded on this EAF (Parts 1 and 2 and 3 if appropriate), and any other supporting information, and considering both the magitude and importance of each impact, it is reasonably determined bv'the lead agency that: ® A. The project will not result in any large and important impact(s) and, therefore, is one which will not have a significant impact on the environment, therefore a negative declaration will be prepared. B. Although the project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect for this Unlisted Action because the mitigation measures described in PART 3 have been required, therefore a CONDITIONED negative declaration will be prepared.• L-7 C. The project may result in one or more large and important impacts that may have a significant impact on the environment, therefore a positive declaration will be prepared. A Conditioned Negative Declaration is only valid for Unlisted Actions Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Operations Town of Southold Name of Action Name of Lead Agency Scott L. Harris Supervisor Print or Type Name of Responsible Officer in Lead Agency Title of Responsible Officer Signature of Responsible Officer in Lead Agency Signature of Preparer(If different from responsible officer► Date 1 PART 1—PROJECT INFORMATION Prepared by Project Sponsor NOTICE. This document is designed to assist in determining whether the action proposed may have a slgniF cant errect on the environment Please complete the entire form. Parts A through E Answers to these questions will be cons,de—d as part of the application for approval and may be subject to further verification and public review Provide anv additional information You believe will be needed to complete Parts 2 and 3. It is expected that completion of the full EAF will be dependent on information currently available and will not involve new studies, research or investigation. If information requiring such additional work is unavailable, so indicate and speclry each instance. NAME OF ACTION Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Operations LOCATION OF ACTION (InClude Stmt Address, MunlClpellty and County_) Middle Road Cutcho ue Suffolk Count NAME OF APPLICANT/SPONSOR Town of Southold BUSINESS TELEPHONE (516) 765-1800 ADDRESS 53095 Main Road APPROXIMATE ACREAGE PRESENTLY CITY/PO P.O. Box 1179 Southold STATE ' ZIP CODE NY 111971 NAME OF OWNER (It different) I BUSINESS TELEPHONE AOORESS ( ) CITYIPO STATE ZIP CODE DESCRIPTION OF ACTION Water Surface Area acres Expansion of 'Yard Waste Composting operations at the Town solid waste complex on I Middle Road (CR 48) in Cutchogue to be used in recovering the amount of recyclable materials and reducing the residual waste remaining after reduction, recycling, and reuse. 3. What is predominant soil type(s) on project site? Ma -Made Land Please Complete Each Question— Indicate N.A. if not applicable a. Soil drainage: MWell drained 100 % of site OModerately well drained A. Site Description OPoorly drained % of site Physical setting of overall project, both developed .and undeveloped areas. b. if anv agricultural land is involved how many acres of soil are classified within soil group 1 through 4 of the NYS 1 Present land use: OUrban Olndusthal ❑Commercial OResidential (suburban) -"Rural (mc m) OForest ❑Agriculture ®Other Solid Waste Facilities 2. Total acreage of project area: Approx. 10 acres. APPROXIMATE ACREAGE PRESENTLY AFTER COMPLETION Meadow or Brushland (Non-agricultural) acres acres Forested acres acres Agricultural (Includes orchards, cropland, pasture, etc.) acres acres Wetland (Freshwater or tidal as per Articles 24, 25 of ECL) acres acres Water Surface Area acres acres Unvegetated (Rock, earth or fill) Approx. 9 acres Approx. 9 acres Roads, buildings and other paved surfaces Approx. 1 acres Approx. 1 acres Other (Indicate type) acres acre% 3. What is predominant soil type(s) on project site? Ma -Made Land a. Soil drainage: MWell drained 100 % of site OModerately well drained % of site OPoorly drained % of site b. if anv agricultural land is involved how many acres of soil are classified within soil group 1 through 4 of the NYS Land Classification System? N/A acres. (See 1 NYCRR 370). 4. Are there bedrock outcroppings on project site? OYes ®No a. What is depth to bedrock? 500 to 1000 (in feet) 2 5 Approximate percentage of proposed project site with slopes: g0-10% 100 % -10 1 5% "15% or greater % 6. Is project substantially contiguous to, or contain a building, site, or district, listed on the State or the National Registers of Historic Places? L—�Yes KNo 7 Is project substantially contiguous to aite listed on the Register of National Natural Landmarks? `;Yes �:No Approx. 8. What is the depth of the water table? 45 (in feet) 9. Is site located over a primary, principal, 'or sole source aquifer? ?CYes CNo 10. Do hunting, fishing or shell fishing opportunities presently exist in the project area? CYes X N o 11 Does project site contain any species of plant or animal life that' is identified as threatened or endangered? Yes :XNo • . According to Identify each species 12. Are there any unique or unusual land forms on the project site? (i.e., cliffs, dunes, other geological formations) !Yes l3No Describe 13. Is the project site presently used by the community or neighborhood as an open space or recreation' area? CYes KNo If yes, explain 14. Does the present site include scenic views known to be important to the community? "Yes L3No 15. Streams within or contiguous to project area: No a. Name of Stream and name of River to which it is tributary 16. Lakes, ponds, wetland areas within or contiguous to project area: No . a. Name b. Size (In acres) 17. Is the site served by existing public utilities? ®Yes CNo a) If Yes, does sufficient capacity exist to allow connection? ®Yes CNo b) If Yes, will improvements be necessary to allow connection? ❑Yes ®No 18. Is the site located in an. agricultural district certified pursuant to Agriculture and Markets Law, Article 25 -AA, Section 303 and 304? CYes js]No 19. Is the site located in or substantially contiguous to a Critical Environmental Area designated pursuant to Article 8 of the ECL, and 6 NYCRR 617? CYes 3No 20: Has the site ever been used for the disposal of solid or hazardous wastes? ®Yes []No The site is located on a 61.9 acre Town owned parcel of land that contains the Town's solid waste management and disposal facilities. B. Project Description 1. Physical dimensions and scale of project (fill in dimensions as appropriate) a. Total contiguous acreage owned or controlled by project sponsor 61.9 acres. b. Project acreage to be developed:AQDrox.7.2 acres initially; Approx. 7.2 acres ultimately. - c. Project acreage to remain undeveloped N/A acres. d. Length of project, in miles: N/A (If appropriate) e. If the project is an expansion, indicate percent of expansion proposed N/A %; f. Number of off-street parking spaces existing N/A ; proposed N/A g. Maximum vehicular trips generated per hour N/A (upon completion of project)? h. If residential: Number and type of housing units: N/A One Family Two Family Multiple Family Condominium Initially Ultimately i. Dimensions (in feet) of largest proposed structure height; width; length. j. Linear feet of frontage along a public thoroughfare project will occupy is? N/A ft. 3 7 How much natural material (i e rock, earth, etc.) will 'be removed from the site? 0 tons,cubic yards 3 Will disturbed areas be reclaimed? :Yes ::No �ZN?A-Compost to be used as a component a. If yes. for what intend _ purpose is the site being reclaimed? of landfill capping. b. W:II topsoil be stockpiled for reclamation? "Yes I c. Will upper subsoil be stockpiled for reclamation? ❑Yes ONo 4. How manv acres of vegetation (trees, shrubs, ground covers) will be removed from site? 0 acres. 5. Will any mature forest (over 100 years old) or other locally -important vegetation be removed by this project? -Yes 2 No 6. If single phase project: Anticipated period of construction 1 months, (including demolition). 7. If multi -phased: N/A a. Total number of phases anticipated (numbed. b. Anticipated date of commencement phase 1 month year, (including demolition). c. Approximate completion date of final phase month year. d. Is phase 1 functionally dependent on subsequent phases? OYes ❑Nd 8. Will blasting occur during construction? OYes ®No 9. Number of jobs generated: during construction 0 ;after project is complete 0 10. Number of jobs eliminated by this project 0 11. Will project require relocation of any projects or facilities? OYes nNo If yes, explain 12. Is surface liquid waste disposal involved? OYes MNo a. If yes, indicate type of waste (sewage, industrial, etc.) and amount b. Name of water body into which effluent will be discharged 13. Is subsurface liquid waste disposal involved? OYes ®No Type 14. Will surface area of an existing water body increase or decrease by proposal? OYes ®No Explain 15. Is project or any portion of project located in a 100 year flood plain? OYes KNo 16. Will the project generate solid waste? OYes ®No (Will produce compost for reuse) a. If yes, what is the amount per month tons b. If yes, will an existing solid waste facility be used? OYes ONo c. If yes, give name location d. Will any wastes not go into a sewage disposal system or into a sanitary landfill? OYes JENo e. If Yes, explain 17. Will the project involve the disposal of solid waste? ❑Yes ®No (Project will involve a. If yes, what is the anticipated rate of disposal? tons/month. composting yard waste) b. If yes, what is the anticipated site life? years. 18. Will project use herbicides or pesticides? ❑Yes ®No 19. Will project routinely produce odors (more than one hour per day)? ❑Yes ®No 20. Will project produce operating noise exceeding the local ambient noise levels? OYes ®No 21. Will project result in an increase in energy use? ZYes ONo If yes , indicate type(s) Fuel for equipment operations 22. If water supply is from wells, indicate pumping capacity 500 gallonslminute. 23. Total anticipated water usage per day N/A gallonslday. (andl i edmai nas needeain moi or - duscontentei ni or 24. Does project involve Local, State or Federal funding? , ®Yes ❑No windrows.) If Yes, explain Town owned, operated and funded facility 4 25. Approvals Required: Submittal Type Date City, Town, %'Mage Board X -Yes _No Town Board City, Town, Village Planning Board - Yes BNo City, Town Zoning Board :_Yes 12No City, County Health Department L—'.Yes IgNo Other Local .Agencies =Yes No Other Regional Agencies []Yes LNo State Agencies XYes CNo NYSDEC Federal Agencies []Yes [3No C. Zoning and Planning Information 1 Does proposed action involve a planning or zoning decision? ❑Yes ®No If Yes, indicate decision required: L' zoning amendment ❑zoning variance ❑special 'use permit ❑subdivision ❑site plan anew/revision of master plan ❑resource management plan ❑other 2. What is the zoning classification(s)of the site? Light Industrial 3. What is the maximum potential development of the site if developed as permitted by the present zoning? N/A 4. What is the proposed zoning of the site? Light Industrial 5. What is the maximum potential development of the site if developed as permitted by the proposed zoning? N/A 6. Is the proposed action consistent with the recommended uses in adopted local land use plans? ®Yes []No 7. What are the predominant land use(s) and zoning classifications within a 'A mile radius of proposed action? Solid waste facilities and agriculture 8. Is the proposed action compatible with adjoining/surrounding land uses within a '/4 mile? InYes []No 9 If the proposed action is the subdivision of land, how -many lots are proposed? N/A a. What is the minimum lot size proposed? 10. Will proposed action require any authorization(s) for the formation of sewer or water districts? ❑Yes ©No 11. Will the proposed action create a demand for any community provided services (recreation, education, police, fire protection)? ®Yes ❑No (Minimal) . a. If yes, is existing capacity sufficient to handle projected demand? ®Yes ❑No 12. Will the proposed action result in the generation of traffic significantly above present levels? ❑Yes KNo a. If yes, is the existing road network adequate to handle the additional traffic? ❑Yes ❑No D. Informational Details Attach any additional information as may be needed to clarify your project. If there are or may be any adverse impacts associated with your proposal, please discuss such impacts and the measures which you propose to mitigate or avoid them. E. Verification I certify that the information provided above is true to the best of my knowledge. Applicant/Sponsor Name Scott L. Harris Date Signature Title Supervisor If the action is in the Coastal Area, and you are a state agency, complete the Coastal Assessment form before proceeding with this assessment. 5• Part 2—PROJECT IMPACTS AND THEIR MAGNITUDE Responsibility of Lead' Agency General Information (Read Carefully; • In completing the form the reviewer should be guided by the question: Have my responses and determinations been reasonable? The reviewer is not expected to be an expert environmental analyst. • Idenuiving that an impact will be potentially large (column 2) does not mean that it is also necessarily significant. Any large impact must be evaluated in PART 3 to determine significance. Identifying an impact in column 2 simply asks that it be looked at further. • The Examples provided are to assist the reviewer by showing types of impacts and wherever possible the threshold of magnitude that would trigger a response in column 2. The examples are generally applicable throughout the State and for most situations. But. for any specific project or site other examples and/or lower thresholds may be appropriate for a Potential Large Impact response, thus requiring evaluation in Part 3. • The impacts of each project, on each site, in each locality, will vary. Therefore, the examples are illustrative and have been offered as guidance. They do not constitute an exhaustive list of impacts and thresholds to answer each question. • The number of examples per question does not indicate the importance of each question. • In identifying impacts, consider long term, short term and cumlative effects. Instructions (Read carefully) a. Answer each of the 19 questions in PART 2. Answer Yes if there will be any impact. b. Maybe answers should be considered as Yes answers. c. If answering Yes to a question then check the appropriate box (column 1 or'2) to indicate the potential size of the impact. If impact threshold equals or exceeds any example provided, check column 2. If impact will occur but threshold is lower than example, check column 1. d. If reviewer has doubt about size of the impact then consider,the impact as potentially large and proceed to PART 3. e. if a potentially large impact checked in column 2 can be mitigated by change(s) in the project to a small to moderate impact, also check the Yes box in column 3. A No response indicates that such a reduction is not possible. This must be explained in Part 3. IMPACT ON 'LAND 1 Will the proposed action result in a physical change to the project site? ENO ' I]YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Any construction on slopes of 15% or greater, (15 foot rise per 100 foot of length), or where the general slopes in the project area exceed 10%. • Construction on land where the depth to the water table is less than 3 feet. • Construction of paved parking area for 1,000 or more vehicles. • Construction on land where bedrock is exposed or generally within 3 feet of existing ground surface. • Construction that will continue for more than 1 year or involve more than one phase or stage. • Excavation for mining purposes that would remove more than 1,000 tons of natural material (i.e., rock or soil) per year. • Construction or expansion of a sanitary landfill. • Construction in a designated floodway. • Other impacts 2 Will there be an effect t: ...iy ur;.que or unusual land forms found on the site? (i.e., cliffs, dunes, geological formations, etc.)ENO ❑YES • Specific land forms: 6 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated By Project Change ❑ ❑ []Yes No ❑ ❑ []Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes CZ No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes [I No ❑ ❑ []Yes []No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes El No ❑ . ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes f-7No ❑ ❑ 11 Yes LNo IMPACT ON WATER. 3. Will proposed action affect any water body designated as protected? (Under Articles 15, 24, 25 of the Environmental Conservation Law, ECL) ?ANO ZYE.S Examples that would apply to column 2 • Developable area of site contains a protected water body. • Dredging more than 100 cubic yards of material from channel of a protected stream. • Extension of utility distribution facilities through a protected water body. • Construction in a designated freshwater or tidal wetland. • Other impacts: 4 Will proposed action affect any non -protected existing or new body of water? ®NO ❑YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • A 10% increase or decrease in the surface area of any body of water or more than a 10 acre increase or decrease. • Construction of a body of water that exceeds 10 acres of surface area. • Other impacts: 5 Will Proposed -Action affect surface or groundwater quality or quantity? 12NO ❑YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action will require a discharge permit. • Proposed Action requires use of a source of water, that does not have approval to serve proposed (project) action. • Proposed Action requires water supply from wells with greater than 45 gallons per minute pumping capacity. • Construction or operation causing any contamination of a water supply system. • Proposed Action will adversely affect groundwater. • Liquid effluent will be convevec' off the site to facilities which presently do not exist or have inadequate capacity. • Proposed Action would use water in excess of 20,000 gallons per day. • ' Proposed Action will likely cause siltation or other discharge into an existing body of water co .':e extent that there will be an obvious visual contrast to' natural conditions. • Proposed Action will require the storage of petroleum or chemical products greater than 1,100 gallons. • Proposed Action will allow residential uses in areas without water and/or sewer services. , • Proposed Action locates commercial and/or industrial uses which may require new or expansion of existing waste treatment and/or storage facilities. • Other impacts: 6 Will proposed action..alter drainage flow or patterns, or surface �J watttr runoff? ONO OYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Propos ,d Action would change flood water flows. 7 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated' By Project Change ❑ ❑ ❑Yes [:,No ❑ ❑ ❑ Yes 7 N 17 ❑. CYes _ No ❑ C YesENO ❑ CYes -]No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes CNo ❑ ❑ ❑Yes F-7 No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ENO ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑ ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ENO ❑ ❑ ❑'Yes C No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ENO ❑ ❑ 11 Yes ON ❑ ❑ C3 Yes ENO ❑ ❑ Eyes 0 N ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ONO ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑Yes ENO ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 7 N ❑ ❑ E3 Yes ENo • Proposed Action may cause substantial erosion. • Proposed Action is incompatible with existing drainage patterns. • Proposed Action well allow development in a designated floodway. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON AIR 7 Will proposed action affect air quality? -ANO OYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action will induce 1,000 or more vehicle trips in any given hour.. • Proposed Action will result in the incineration of more than 1 ton of refuse per hour. • Emission rate of total contaminants will exceed 5 lbs. per hour or a heat source producing more than 10 million BTU's per hour. • Proposed action will allow an increase in the amount of land committed to industrial use. • Proposed action will allow an increase in the density of industrial development within existing industrial areas. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON PLANTS AND ANIMALS 8. Will Proposed Action arfect any threatened or endangered species? ®NO EIYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Reduction of one or more species listed on the New York or Federal list, using the site, over or near site or found on the site. • Removal of any portion of a critical or significant wildlife habitat. • Application of pesticide or herbicide more than twice a year, other than for agricultural purposes. • Other impacts: 9 Will Proposed Action substantially affect non -threatened or non -endangered species? ®NO ❑YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action would substantially interfere with any resident or migratory fish„ shellfish or wildlife species. • Proposed Action requires the removal of more than 10 acres of mature forest (over 100 years of age) or other locally important vegetation. IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES 10. Will the Proposed Action affect agricultural land resources? ®NO ❑YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • The proposed action would sever, cross or limit access to agricultural land (includes cropland, hayfields, pasture, vineyard, orchard, etc.) 8 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated By Project Change ❑ ❑ C1 Yes E:No Cl ❑ El Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ 11 Yes El No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑ ❑Yes El No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes [--1 No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes C1 No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes C1 No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑ 13 Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑riu ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑N.) • Construction activity would excavate or compact the soil profile of agricultural land. • The proposed action would irreversibly convert more than 10 acres of agricultural land or, if located in an Agncultutal District, more than 2.5 acres of agricultural land. • The proposed action would disrupt or prevent installation of agricultural land management systems (e.g., subsurface drain lines, outlet ditches, strip cropping); or create a need for such measures (e.g. cause a farm field to drain poorly due to increased runoff) • Other impacts: IMPACT ON AESTHETIC RESOURCES 11 Will proposed action affect aesthetic resources? KINO OYES (If necessary, use the Visual EAF Addendum in Section 617.21, Appendix B.) Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed land uses, or project components obviously different from or in sharp contrast to current surrounding land use patterns, whether man-made or natural. • Proposed- land uses, or project components visible to users of aesthetic resources which will eliminate or significantly reduce their enjoyment of the aesthetic qualities of that resource. • Project components that will result in the elimination or significant screening of scenic views known to be important to the area. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON HISTORIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 12 Will Proposed Action impact any site or structure of historic, pre- historic.or paleontological importance? ®NO ❑YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action occurring wholly or partially within or substantially contiguous to any facility or site listed on the State or National Register of historic places. • Any impact to an archaeological site or fossil bed located within the project site. • Proposed Action will occur in an area designated as sensitive for archaeological sites on the NYS Site Inventory. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON OPEN SPACE AND RECREATION 13 Will Proposed Action affect the quantity or quality of existing or future open spaces or recreational opportunities? Examples that would apply to column 2 ZNO ❑YES • The permanent foreclosure of a future recreational opportunity. • A major reduction of an open space important to the community. • Other impacts: 9 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated By Project Change ❑ Cl '❑Yes ` No Cl ❑ CYes No ❑ Cl CYes 7—No ❑ ❑ E] Yes '❑No Cl ❑ ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑ []Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes El No ❑ Cl ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ CYes ❑No ❑ ❑ 7e5 -:1N ❑ ❑ ❑Yes []No ❑ I ❑ []Yes ❑No I, i 0 i ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ Cl ❑Yes 0 N ❑ ❑ CYes []No IMPACT ON TRANSPORTATION 14. Will there be an effect to existing transportation systems?' X.NO �Yf� Examples that would apply to. column 2 • Alteration of present patterns of movement of people and/or goods. • Proposed Action will result in major traffic problems. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON ENERGY 15 Will proposed action affect the community's sources of fuel or energy supply? ®NO OYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action will cause a greater than 5% increase in the use of any form of energy in the .municipality. • Proposed Action will require the creation or extension of an energy transmission or supply system to serve more than 50 single or two family residences or to serve a major commercial or industrial use. • Other impacts: NOISE AND ODOR IMPACTS 16 Will there be objectionable odors, noise, or vibration as a result of the Proposed Action? ®NO OYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Blasting within 1,500 feet of a hospital, school or other sensitive facility. i • Odors will occur routinely (more than one hour per day). • Proposed Action will produce operating noise exceeding the local ambient noise levels for noise outside of structures. • Proposed Action will remove natural barriers that .would act as a noise screen. • Other impacts: IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH 17 Will Proposed Action affect public health and safety? ZINO OYES Examples that would apply to column 2 • Proposed Action may cause a risk of explosion or release of hazardous substances (i.e. oil, pesticides, chemicals, radiation, etc.) in the event of accident or upset conditions, or there may be a chronic low level discharge or emission. • Proposed Action may result in the burial of "hazardous wastes" in any form (i.e. toxic, poisonous, highly reactive, radioactive, irritating, infectious, etc.) • Storage facilities for one million or more gallons of liquified natural gas or other flammable liquids. • Proposed action may result in the excavation or other disturbance within 2.000 feet of. a site used for the disposal of solid or'hazardous waste. • Other impacts: 10 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated By Project Change ❑ ❑ ❑Yes 7 -Ivo ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ []Yes 1"7 No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes []No ❑ Cl ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ Cl ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes C2 No ❑ C. C1 Yes, ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ ❑ ❑ Yes ❑ NO 13 Cl ❑Yes I❑N0 IMPACT ON GROWTH AND CHARACTER OF COMMUNITY OR NEIGHBORHOOD 18 Will proposed action affect the character of -the existing community? KNO �.7YES Examples that would apply to column 2 • The permanent population of the city, town or village in which the project is located is likely to grow by more than 5%. • The municipal budget for capital expenditures or operating services will increase by more than 5% per year as a result of this project. • Proposed action will conflict with officially adopted plans or goals. . • Proposed action will cause a change in the density of land use. • Proposed Action will replace.or eliminate existing facilities, structures or areas of historic importance to the community. • Development will create a demand for additional community services (e.g. schools, police and fire, etc.) • Proposed Action will set an important precedent for future projects. • Proposed Action will create or eliminate employment. • Other impacts: 1 Small to Moderate Impact 2 Potential Large Impact 3 Can Impact Be Mitigated By Project Change ❑ Cl El Yes =No Cl ❑ []Yes '--No ❑ ❑ 7— Yes No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ! No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes uNo ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ENo ❑ ❑ F-1 Yes ❑No ❑ ❑ ❑Yes ❑No 19. Is there, or is there likely to be, public controversy related to potential adverse environmental impacts? ®NO ❑YES If Any Action in Part 2 Is Identified as a Potential Large Impact or If You Cannot Determine the Magnitude of Impact, Proceed to Part 3 Part 3—EVALUATION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPACTS Responsibility of Lead Agency Part 3 must be prepared if one or more 'impact(s) is considered to be potentially large, even if the impact(s) may be mitigated. Instructions Discuss the following for each impact identified in Column 2 of Part 2: 1 Briefly describe the impact. 2. Describe (if applicable) how the impact could be mitigated or reduced to a small to moderate impact by project change(s). 3 Based on the information available, decide if it is reasonable to conclude that this impact is important. To answer the question of importance, consider: • The probability of the impact occurring • The duration of the impact • Its irreversibility, including permanently lost resources of value • Whether the impact can or will be controlled • The regional consequence of the impact • Its potential divergence from local needs and goals • Whether known objections to the project relate to this impact. (Continue on attachments) APPENDIX E 6 NYCRR Part 360 Application 6998R 1027 49364 (11/89)-10e DEPARTMENT USE ONLY 47� NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION DEC APPLICATION NUMBER q4W DIVISION OF SOLID WASTE APPLICATION FOR A SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY FACILITY CODE PERMIT Please read all Instructions before completing this application Please TYPE or PRINT clearly 1. TYPE OF APPLICATION (Check All Applicable Boxes): 2. APPLICANT IS THE: x❑ Permit to Construct ® Initial (New) ❑ Renewal RIFacility Owner ® Permit to Operate ❑ Subsequent Stage (New) ❑ Modification ® Facility Operator 3. FACILITY OWNER'S NAME C FACILITY OPERATOR'S NAME 5. ENGINEER'S NAME AND P.E. LICENSE NO. Town of Southold Town of Southold Address Address Firm Name 53095 Main Road 53095 Main Road Dvirka and Bartilucci City City Address Southold Southold 6800 Jericho Turnpike State/Zip Code State2ip Code City/State/Zip Code New York 11971 New York 11971 Syosset, NY 11791 Telephone Number Telephone Number Telephone Number ( 516) 765-1800 (516 ) 765-1800 ( 516 ) 364-9892 6 FACILITY NAME AND LOCATION (Attach USGS Topo Map showing exact location) 7. SITE OWNER'S NAME Name Town of Southold Yard Waste Composting Operations Town of Southold Street Middle Road (CR 48) Address 53095 Main Road City, State, Zip Code City Cutcho ue, NY 11935 Southold Town County State/Zip Code Southold Suffolk New York 11791 Coordinates Telephone NYTM—E N/A NYTM—N N/A ( 516) 765-1800 8. TYPE OF FACILITY (Check all applicable boxes) 9. IS APPLICATION BEING FILED BY OR 10. FEE AMOUNT ❑ Landfill (Specify category) ON BEHALF OF A MUNICIPALITY? ENCLOSED ❑ Research, Development and Demonstration © Yes ❑ No If yes, name. ❑ Land Application ❑ Transfer Station [:]Solid Waste Incineration ❑ Medical Waste $ ❑ Refuse Derived Fuel Processing ❑ Waste Tire Storage 11. NAME(S) OF ALL MUNICIPALITIES SERVED ® Composting ❑ Landfill Gas Recovery Town of Southold ❑ Recyclables Handling and Recovery ❑ Waste Oil ❑ Other (Describe) 12. SOLID WASTE HANDLED 13. PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION WHERE APPLICABLE a. List wastes to be accepted Yard Waste, a. Facility area proposed in the application Approx. 10 acres exclusive of grass b. Facility area ultimately planned Approx. 10 acres c. Ultimate facility height above existing ground level 10 feet b. Quantity (Specify Units) Existing "approved design capacity" d. Total site area Approx. 61 acres approx. A r Proposed "approved design capacity" — e. Existing landfill area on this site and adjacent properties - acres 14. IS A VARIANCE REQUESTED FROM ANY PROVISION OF 6 NYCRR PART 360? ❑ Yes 50 No If yes, cite the specific provision(s) 15. CERTIFICATION: I hereby affirm under penalty of perjury that information provided on this form and attached statements and exhibits was prepared by me or under my supervision and direction and Is true to the, best of my knowledge and: belief, and that I have the authority or am authorized as Supervisor (title) of Town of Southold . (Entity) to sign this application pursuant to 6 NYCRR Part 360. 1 am aware that any false statement made herein is punishable as a Class A misdemeanor pursuant to Section 210.45 of the Penal Law. .Scott L. Harris Date Signature Print Name APPENDIX F Compost Monitoring Forms 6998R 1027 I� TOWN OF SOUTHOLD YARD WASTE COMPOST DAILY MONITORING WORKSHEET DATE Windrow Number Weather Precip/Wind Dir Moisture Number of Drops Gallons of Water Added Temperature degrees F or C Odor Yes No Date Last Turned Combined with Windrow No. Oxygen Level %02 Comments TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Daily Operations Data Sheet DATE: Operator: Preprocessing for Composting (cubic yards &/or tons) Preprocessing for Wood Chips (cubic yards &/or tons) Leaves: cy or tons Brush: cy or tons Brush: cy or tons Landclearing: cy or tons Landclearing: cy or tons WINDROW FORMATION: Amounts (cy or tons) Blended Into Windrow(s) Windrow Dimensions: Leaves Brush Landclearing Debris Height Length Base Width Top Width Windrow ID Nos.: Windrow(s) Turned (ID Nos.): Windrows Combined (ID Nos.): Original Dates of Construction: Dimensions After Combining: Height Length Base Width Top Width TOWN OF SOUTHOLD CURING/STABILIZATION WEEKLY MONITORING WORKSHEET DATE owing Pile Number weather Precip/Wimd Dir Date of Pile Formation Temperature degms F or C "at Weeks Temperahm odor Yea No He Size Comments Include Daily Amanita Added or Rcmoved From Curing/Stabilization Height Width Lemgth TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Operations Weekly Summary WEEK ENDING: I Site Supervisor: «<:z PREPROC Amount of Leaves for Compost: cy or tons Amount of Brush for Compost: cy or tons Amount of Landclearing Debris for Compost: cy or tons Subtotal of Materials for Compost 1 cy or tons Amount of Brush for Wood Chips: cy or tons Amount of Landclearing Debris for Wood Chips: cy or tons Subtotal of Materials for Wood Chips cy or tons TOTAL AMOUNT OF PREPROCESSING: cv or tons Windrow Turning Number of Windrows Turned on Schedule: Number of Windrows Turned in Response to Monitoring Parameters: List Windrows -Turned This Week NOTE: List the windrow ID No. as many times as the windrow was turned. Windrow ID No. Base Width Top Width Volume of windrow NOTE: Based on 30% to 50% reduction from Windrow Dimensions List Windrows to be Combined week. 1 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD Yard Waste Composting Operations Weekly Summary WEEK ENDING: Page 2 Other Operational Actions Performed This Week (Detail other operational actions taken this week. Include condition or observation that initiated the operational response, the windrow ID No., and resolution of the situation. <.I CURING/STABILIZING ! Number of Windrows Sent for Curing: cy or tons Total Amount of Compost Sent to Curing: cy or tons Total Amount of Finished Compost to Storage: cy or tons Total Amount of Finished Compost Used: cy or tons Total Amount of Wood Chips Used: cy or tons Breakdown of Finished Compost Distribution Public Pick Up Landscaper/Commercial Pick Up Landfill Capping Other Town Uses (cubic yards - cy or tons - t) -ompost - Unscreened (Compost - Screened Wood Chips 'i 1 7