HomeMy WebLinkAbout1999 SMART Report t
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STATE OF NEW YORK
OFFICE OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER -
ALBANY,NEW YORK 12236
H.CARL McCALL PATRICIA LAMB McCARTHY
STATE COMPTROLLER DEPUTY COMPTROLLER
DIVISION OF MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS
February 22, 1999 Tel:(5 1 8)474-4037 Fax:(518)486-6479
John Cushman, Comptroller
Town of Southold
Southold Town Hall
PO Box 1179
Southold, NY 11971
Dear Mr. Cushman:
Enclosed you will find the$MART report for the Town of Southold. We believe
the recommendations included in this report represent sound and practical ideas.
I would like to personally thank you for participating in the $MART program.
The interest and supportfor this program throughoutthe State has been outstanding.
The cooperation of town officials and staff has helped bring this review to a
successful conclusion. Because of the success of our joint efforts, we believe the
taxpayers and local officials of the Town of Southold will benefit from the
recommendations resulting from this review.
To continue our partnership, this office will be available to provide technical
assistance in implementing the report recommendationsyou choose to implement. If
my office can be of further assistance to you or if you have any questions,please feel
free to contactMr. Gregory J. D'Alessandro,Chief Examiner of our Hauppauge area
office at (516)952-6534.
Sincerely,
Patricia Lamb Mc arthy
Enc.
A MESSAGE FROM COMPTROLLER H. CARL McCALL
Dear Local Official:
The message being sent to local governments all across New York State is
"do more with less. " But as you well know, that is not an easy task. Increased
demands and dwindling resources have made providing basic government services
increasingly difficult.
In response to this problem my office has developed $MART (State
Comptroller's Municipal Advisory Review Teams). This program is designed to
help local governments become more efficient by finding ways to enhance non-
property tax revenues and to contain or reduce expenditures while still providing
necessary government services.
My staff has worked with officials and staff from your local government to
review government operations and develop recommendations to find savings and
efficiencies.Prudentfiscal management,sound fiscal policy and a commitment to
work together has enabled us to serve the taxpayers more effectively by making
better use of our limited resources. Toward this end, I look forward to continuing
to work with your municipality and all other local governments throughout the
state. I hope that the success of this review will encourage you to seek out and
implement additional cost savings and revenue enhancements for the benefit of
your residents.
If my office can be of assistance to you or if you have any questions
concerning this review, please feel free to contact Gregory D'Alessandro, Chief
Examiner of our local area office for your County at 516-952-6534.
Sincerely,
C-6f-w�
H. Carl McCall
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
Executive Summary
Introduction 1
Purpose and Scope 1
Roles of Participants 2
Summary of Recommendations 2
Prologue
Background 6
Goals 6
Roles of Participants 6
Methodology 7
Response from Local Officials 7
Recommendations
Payroll and Personal Service Costs
Background 8
Opportunity 1 - Offer Employees a Payment in Lieu
of Health Insurance Benefits 9
Opportunity 2 - Contributions for Health Insurance 11
Opportunity 3 - Reduce Overtime Costs 12
Opportunity 4 - Overtime Paid to Bay Constables 15
User Fees
Background 16
Opportunity 1 - Increase Charges for Garbage Bags 17
Opportunity 2 - Change Yard Waste Tipping Fees 19
Opportunity 3 - Increase Wastewater Fees to a Level
Sufficient to Cover Costs 20
Opportunity 4 - Relocation of the Scavenger Waste Facility 23
Opportunity 5 - Review the Efficiency of the Town's
Nutrition Program 25
Opportunity 6 - Implement a Fee for Genealogical Research 26
Appendix—Local Officials' Response 28
Town of Southold
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
Local governments throughout the State continue to face significant fiscal
constraints. Increased demands and dwindling resources make providing basic
government services increasingly difficult. In response to these challenging times,
there is a need to reevaluate operations. Participating in a $MART review is a
positive initiative on the part of town officials and will ultimately benefit the
taxpayers of the Town of Southold.
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of $MART reviews is to make recommendations so that local
officials can consider ways to enhance revenues other than real property taxes and
contain or reduce expenditures. Our reviews will also serve as a means of sharing
"best practices" with other local governments and identifying and recommending
changes to statutes to improve cost effectiveness.
Participation in $MART is voluntary and this review was requested by town
officials. Members of the Office of the State Comptroller's (OSC) staff worked
together with Town of Southold officials and staff in reviewing the following areas:
payroll and personal service costs and user fees.
In addition, town officials requested that we determine whether fees charged
by the town's building department,planning department and town trustees (wetland
fees) were appropriate. Our preliminary review disclosed that the fees charged by
these departments were comparable to, or greater than, fees charged by other towns
in the area. We had also been asked to review whether building fees were sufficient
to cover town expenditures relating to the services provided. However, there was
insufficient information available for us to perform this review in a timely manner for
this report.
Town of Southold
Page 1
ROLES OF PARTICIPANTS
OSC reviewed the previously noted areas and is including in this report
recommendations resulting from the review.These recommendations were discussed
with management and their input was considered in preparing this report. In making
the recommendations we considered the cost./benefit to the town. However, it is the
town officials' management responsibility to review these recommendations and
implement those which they deem appropriate.
The response of local officials to this review is included as an addendum to this
report. We commend town officials for availing themselves of the opportunity for a
$MART review and thank them for their cooperation.
SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS
This report contains recommendations,which if instituted,should provide cost
savings or increased revenues. Other recommendations suggest alternate methods of
generating certain revenues. Use of these alternate methods will reduce the town's
reliance on real property taxes. Estimates of cost savings, increased revenues and
alternate revenues are based on current costs and the town's current level of activity.
For the convenience of the reader, the recommendations which are more fully
addressed in the Recommendations Section of this report are summarized below:
Town of Southold
Page 2
ESTIMATED SAVINGS/
INCREASED REVENUE OR
ALTERNATIVE REVENUE
RECOMMENDATIONS
5 Year
Annual Aggregate
Payroll and Personal Service Costs
Opportunity 1 - Offer Employees a Payment
in Lieu of Health Insurance Benefits
The Town Board should consider initiating an
incentive program in which employees $51,630 $258,150
currently receiving health insurance benefits to to
paid in full by the town can decide to give up $137,702 $688,510
this benefit and receive a payment from the
town instead.
Opportunity 2 - Contributions for Health
Insurance
Payments of a portion of health insurance $2,657 $61,452
premiums by new employees and officials to to
opting for family coverage would save the $4,429 $102,422
town money. We note that this practice has
been adopted by other towns in eastern Long
Island.
Opportunity 3 - Reduce Overtime Costs
The town should consider reviewing work $39,300 $196,500
schedules and employee benefits in an
attempt to reduce overtime costs in the police
and public safety departments.
Opportunity 4 - Overtime Paid to Bay
Constables
In order to reduce the number of overtime $4,500 $22,500
hours worked,town officials should consider
eliminating the requirement that at least one
bay constable be on duty from dawn to dusk
during the shellfish harvesting season.
Town of Southold
Page 3
ESTIMATED SAVINGS/
INCREASED REVENUE OR
ALTERNATIVE REVENUE
RECOMMENDATIONS
5 Year
Annual Aggregate
User Fees
Opportunity 1 - Increase Charges for Garbage
Bags $128,000 $640,000
to to
If garbage bag charges were increased, the $335,000 $1,675,000
town could reduce real property tax revenues.
Opportunity 2 - Change Yard Waste Tipping
Fees
If a tipping fee for leaves was implemented $137,288 $686,440
and tipping fees for brush and land clearing to to
debris were increased, the town's reliance on $224,482 $1,122,410
the general purpose revenues such as real
property taxes could be reduced.
Opportunity 3 - Increase Wastewater Fees to
a Level Sufficient to Cover Costs
Fees charged by the town for wastewater $115,000 $575,000
disposal could be increased to a level
sufficient to finance the operations of the
scavenger waste facility.
Opportunity 4 - Relocation of the Scavenger
Waste Facility
The Town Board should consider relocating Not Quantified
the scavenger waste facility from the site
owned by the Village of Greenport to the
town's solid waste facility in order to achieve
cost savings.
Town of Southold
Page 4
ESTIMATED SAVINGS/
INCREASED REVENUE OR
ALTERNATIVE REVENUE
RECOMMENDATIONS
5 Year
Annual Aggregate
Opportunity 5 - Review the Efficiency of the
Town's Nutrition Program
The Town Board should cause a review of the Not Quantified
efficiency of the town's nutrition program. In
addition, an adequate record keeping system
should be established to effectively monitor
the costs associated with the nutrition
program.
Opportunity 6 - Implement a Fee for
Genealogical Research
Financing the town historian's genealogical $900 $4,500
research work performed for out of town
residents with a fee for each request would
reduce real property taxes and allow the town
to charge for such work in a more equitable
manner.
Cost Savings $98,087 $538,602
to to
$185,931 $1,009,542
Increased Revenues $297,968 $1,489,840
to to
$562,062 $2,810,310
Alternate Revenues $83,220 $416,100
to to
$113,320 $566,600
$479,275 $2,444,542
TOTAL to to
$861,313 $4,386,842
Town of Southold
Page 5
Date Filed: February 22, 1999
Review No: 98M-303
PROLOGUE
BACKGROUND $MART reviews are one of the Office of the State Comptroller's
(OSC) partnership programs to help local governments review
their operations to look for improvements in how business is
conducted. Every dollar of additional non-real property tax
revenue or reduced cost has the effect of minimizing the need for
additional local property taxes. During these reviews we also
worked with local officials to identify proposed amendments to
or the elimination of laws and regulations that lead to
inefficiencies.
Participation in a$MART review is voluntary and was requested
by the Town Board adopting a resolution requesting a review.
GOALS Working together with local government officials, the goal of
$MART reviews is for OSC to present recommendations on ways
local governments can enhance revenues other than real property
taxes and can contain or reduce expenditures. Consistent with
this goal, the objective of this review was to make
recommendations for the Town Board's consideration. We
considered both legal requirements and internal control concerns
in preparing our recommendations.
ROLES OF This $MART review has resulted in recommendations, specific
PARTICIPANTS to the Town of Southold, which are presented in this report.
These recommendations have been discussed with town officials
and a draft report was made available for their review.
It is the management responsibility of town officials to review the
recommendations contained in this report and determine the best
method of addressing them. It is also the town officials'
responsibility to evaluate the cost/benefit and public policy
considerations before implementing any recommendation. This
Office will be available to provide technical assistance in
implementing the recommendations.
Town of Southold
Page 6
The $MART review differs in a number of respects from an
audit. An audit requires, among other procedures, sufficient
testing of transactions to determine the facts and support any
conclusions. In a $MART review, OSC staff depends to a great
extent on information provided by local officials. Tests are not
conducted, except when the information presented is not
consistent with other data or facts. The quality of
recommendations made depends to some extent on the accuracy
and quality of the information provided. $MART reviews are
also limited to issues that are likely to result in positive
cost/benefit. For these reasons, this report does not represent
OSC's opinion on town operations.
METHODOLOGY During the conduct of the $MART review, OSC staff met with
town officials to identify pertinent records that were needed to
perform this review,to identify specific areas to be reviewed,and
criteria to be used in evaluating activities.
In determining the areas to be reviewed,consideration was given
to the Town Board's initial request for participation in $MART.
Based on this request, an overview of certain operations was
obtained. As a result of this process and discussions with town
officials, this review was limited to the following areas: payroll
and personal service costs and user fees.
OSC worked with the town's staff to review the identified areas.
Procedures used in performing this review included interviews
with local officials and staff;observation of operations;review of
records,documents, controls and procedures; and, comparative
analysis with similar entities,when applicable.
OSC reviewed the specific areas noted and reported
recommendations. Our review of building department fees,
planning department fees and wetlands fees resulted in no
significant recommendations. $MART review procedures were
performed on current operations and were completed on
September 11, 1998.
RESPONSE FROM A written response from town officials is included in the
LOCAL OFFICIALS Appendix to this report. Town officials are encouraged to
prepare a plan of action to address the recommendations
contained in this report. OSC staff is available to assist in
providing additional technical assistance to implement the
recommendations.
Town of Southold
Page 7
RECOMMENDATIONS
PAYROLL AND PERSONAL SERVICE COSTS
BACKGROUND Total appropriations of all funds and districts in the 1998 budget was
$25 million, including approximately $9.7 million for personal
services and$1.4 million for health insurance benefits for current and
retired officials and employees. Services provided by the town
included police protection,solid waste disposal,wastewater disposal,
highway (street maintenance and snow removal), and parks and
recreation. Other town departments included supervisor, finance,
town clerk, assessor,justice court, planning and zoning. The town
employed approximately 175 individuals to operate the departments
and provide these public services.
As part of our $MART review we performed the following
preliminary survey procedures related to personal services and payroll
processing costs:completed questionnaires after discussion with town
personnel; reviewed independent audit reports and corrective action
taken;performed analytical procedures of the town's personal service
costs including overtime hours and costs; reviewed various payroll
documents and employee contracts;surveyed other local towns; and,
interviewed town officials and department heads.
Information gathered while performing the preliminary survey
procedures included the following:
♦ The town contracted with its employees through two collective
bargaining agreements. Some of the typical items addressed
through the contracts included:work hours,salaries and wages,
leave time accruals and use, health insurance coverage, and
longevity payments.
♦ Payroll and accounting records were processed by computers in
the finance office for all town departments.
Town of Southold
Page 8
From information gathered during the preliminary survey,and giving
consideration to the town's initial request for participation in the
$MART program,the objectives of our review of personal services
and payroll processing were to determine whether control is
maintained over personal service costs and payroll processing costs.
We found that the employee collective bargaining agreements
included provisions which may make it difficult for management to
exercise the control needed to reduce certain types of overtime costs.
For instance,staffing requirements in the police department resulting
in overtime costs were often directly attributable to employee leave
benefits provided in the collective bargaining agreement.
Consequently, since the following opportunities for savings may be
susceptible to negotiation in union contracts, town management and
employees may have to work together in order to achieve cost savings
for the town and its taxpayers.
As a result of our review, certain conditions came to our attention
which, if changed, could result in improvements in efficiencies of
operations and cost reductions. Our specific recommendations
follow.
OPPORTUNITY 1 OFFER EMPLOYEES A PAYMENT IN LIEU OF
HEALTH INSURANCE BENEFITS
RECOMMENDATION The Town Board should consider initiating an incentive program
in which employees currently receiving health insurance benefits
paid in full by the town can decide to give up this benefit and
receive a payment from the town instead.
DISCUSSION Our review of insurance documents disclosed that there were 239
employees and retirees receiving health insurance coverage. We
determined that 153 of these individuals received family coverage
and did not receive medicare benefits.
The expenditures for health insurance coverage for the employees are
significant. The current annual premiums charged for the two
insurance plans for employees receiving family coverage are $6,044
and $5,903.
Town of Southold
Page 9
We are aware that certain other local governments offer employees
a payment in lieu of health insurance coverage. This type of program
has advantages because it would be voluntary on the part of the
employees and could result in savings to the town. Such a benefit is
generally offered only when there is evidence that an employee may
acquire health insurance from another source,such as from a spouse.
It is possible that a significant number of town employees that are
married may have spouses that are employed and that the spouses
have the option of having health insurance coverage. While the
health insurance coverage of the spouses may not be as
comprehensive as the town's or may be more costly than insurance
obtained through the town, incentive payments to some employees
may be advantageous to them.
Factoring in the number of employees enrolled in each of the two
health insurance programs and the premium rates,we determined that
the average annual cost to the town for a married employee receiving
family health insurance coverage is $5,942. We then determined the
impact of offering these employees payments of$1,500, $2,000 and
$2,500 in lieu of health insurance coverage. The following schedule
is presented to show town savings in the first year from a buy-out
program assuming that either ten,fifteen or twenty percent of eligible
employees would accept the buy-out program option:
Percentage of
Employees
Electing the
Pro ram $1,500 $2,000 $2,500
10% $66,630 $59,130 $51,630
15% $102,166 $90,666 $79,166
20% $137,702 $122,202 $106,702
We recommend that town officials contact the Internal Revenue
Service or a tax advisor to determine the potential employee income
tax implications of this opportunity. This opportunity for savings
may be susceptible to negotiation in union or employee contracts.
Town of Southold
Page 10
ESTIMATED BENEFITS By offering one of the above noted program options and having an
employee participation rate from ten percent to twenty percent, the
town could realize annual savings ranging from$51,630 to $137,702
and that the total savings over five years would range from $258,150
to $688,510.
OPPORTUNITY 2 CONTRIBUTIONS FOR HEALTH INSURANCE
RECOMMENDATION Payments of a portion of health insurance premiums by new
employees and officials opting for family coverage would save the
town money. We note that this practice has been adopted by
other towns in eastern Long Island.
DISCUSSION Health insurance is a valuable employee benefit and a significant
portion of the premium is financed by the towns. The availability of
health insurance at an affordable price is an important consideration
for the employee, while providing coverage at a reasonable cost is
important to the town.
The town provides health insurance coverage to eligible town
employees and officials. At the time of our review there were 239
employees, retirees and officials enrolled in the two hospital and
medical insurance plans offered by the town. For the fiscal year
ended December 31, 1997,health insurance premiums for employees,
officials and retirees totaled $1,247,535, the cost of which was
entirely paid for by the town.
We surveyed the four other towns on eastern Long Island and found
that three towns required certain new employees to contribute
towards the cost of health insurance premiums. Two towns required
employees with family coverage,hired during 1995 and later, to pay
a percentage of their health insurance premium. Another town
required employees with family coverage to pay a percentage of their
health insurance coverage for the first eight years of employment.
The other town did not require contributions from its employees. We
note that the range of contributions were between 15% and 25% of
health insurance premiums for family coverage.
We computed a range of savings the town could realize over a five
year period, beginning in 1999, if future contracts required all new
employees opting for family coverage to contribute toward health
insurance premiums. Employee records indicated that on average
Town of Southold
Page 11
over the past five years the town has hired about eight new full-time
employees each year. In addition, employees are more likely to opt
for individual insurance coverage when first employed, with many
converting to family coverage later on. Therefore, the cumulative
savings over a five year period is much greater than the amount saved
in the first year.
The following schedule is presented to show potential cost savings if
new employeesand officialswere requiredto pay 15%,20%and 25%
of the premium for family coverage:
Estimated Savings
in Year Number 15% 20% 25%
1 $2,657 $3,543 $4,429
2 $6,221 $8,295 $10,369
3 $11,578 $15,437 $19,296
4 $16,934 $22,579 $28,224
5 $24,062 32-083 $40,104
Aggregate Savings $61,452 $81,937 JID2 422
This opportunity for savings may be susceptible to negotiation in
union or employee contracts.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS With a range of employee contributions between 15% and 25% of
annual health insurance premiums from new employees with family
coverage,first year savings to the town could range between $2,657
and$4,429. The five year estimated savings could aggregate between
$61,452 and $102,422.
OPPORTUNITY 3 REDUCE OVERTIME COSTS
RECOMMENDATION The town should consider reviewing work schedules and
employee benefits in an attempt to reduce overtime costs in the
police and public safety departments.
Town of Southold
Page 12
DISCUSSION Police officers and dispatchers in the public safety department
incurred fairly significant overtime costs. We feel that town officials
should review current practices and procedures to determine if
overtime costs could be reduced.
Police Department -The overtime costs are partly attributable to the
fact that the collective bargaining agreement allows police officers to
be frequently off from work because of generous sick, vacation and
personal leave. As a result, those police officers that are on duty
often have to work overtime. In addition, police officers who are
required to make court appearances receive overtime pay at the rate
of time and one-half if they have to appear in court during their
normal time off.
Our review disclosed that during 1997 expenditures for police
overtime totaled approximately$295,000, which was approximately
11%of the total payroll of approximately$2.6 million. The overtime
costs for court appearances totaled approximately $16,300.
We note that there are no easy answers or solutions to these problems,
especially given the public safety and staffing requirements.
However,if town management and employees work together to study
and resolve these overtime issues, progress may be made to reduce
overtime costs. For instance, flexible work schedules for those
officers who must appear in court may result in the reduction or
elimination of the$17,500 in overtime and FICA payments for court
appearances.
Public Safety Dispatchers - The collective bargaining agreement
provides generous sick,vacation,personal and holiday leave time for
full-time dispatchers. The public safety dispatch supervisor informed
us that the full-time dispatchers that were not on leave had to work
additional hours to fill in for the employees using their leave time and
this attributes to the overtime costs in the department.
As of December 31, 1997,in addition to the dispatch supervisor, the
town employed nine full-time dispatchers and seven part-time
dispatchers. We were informed that two dispatchers are on duty for
each of three daily shifts during a twenty-fourhour day. This results
in a total of forty-eight hours per day and 336 hours for the seven day
workweek. In order to provide staff for the 336 hours the town needs
about 8.5 full-time employees (336 total hours per week divided by
40 hours per week that one staff person would work). Furthermore,
staffing hours for the year would total 17,472 (336 hours per week
times fifty-two weeks).
Town of Southold
Page 13
During 1997, part-time dispatchers were paid a total of$45,852 for
approximately 5,100 hours in which they had to replace full-time
dispatchers that were on leave or assigned to other duties. In
addition, full-time dispatchers worked about 1,126 hours of overtime,
at a cost to the town of approximately $30,400. This results in an
average of more than seventeen additional hours each day by part-
time and full-time dispatchers.
Although the town employs a large number of part-time dispatchers,
the dispatch supervisor indicated that most of the part-timers have a
full-time job elsewhere and are not available for all shifts,or on short
notice. He stated it is especially difficult to find a part-time
replacement for the day shift if a full-time employee telephones in the
morning and indicates that he or she is not coming to work.
As previously indicated the department requires a minimum of 8.5
full-time employees, without accounting for days off for vacation,
sick leave,etc. Thus,the nine full-time dispatchers employed by the
town should be enough to maintain adequate staffing levels except for
the fact that they are entitled to use a large number of leave time.
Seven part-time dispatchers should be sufficient to maintain coverage
for leave time taken by full-time dispatchers. The town could require
more notice from dispatchers planning to use leave time,which could
result in a greater ability to obtain part-time coverage. Flexible
scheduling which allowed for more frequent changes in employee
shifts could reduce overtime requirements for employees taking leave
time. In addition, hiring part-time dispatchers who are available at
various times during the week, not just nights and weekends, would
reduce the need for overtime.
During 1997,if the part-time dispatchers had worked the 1,126 hours
of overtime which were earned by the full-time dispatchers,the town
could have saved approximately$21,800 in overtime and FICA costs.
This is due to the fact that the part-timers in 1997 were earning just
under $9 per hour, while the overtime hourly rate paid to full-time
employees averaged $27 per hour.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS Cost savings resulting from alternatives and innovative means to
reduce overtime and FICA costs could total$39,300 for one year and
aggregate $196,500 for five years.
Town of Southold
Page 14
OPPORTUNITY 4 OVERTIME PAID TO BAY CONSTABLES
RECOMMENDATION In order to reduce the number of overtime hours worked, town
officials should consider eliminating the requirement that at least
one bay constable be on duty from dawn to dusk during the
shellfish harvesting season.
DISCUSSION Bay constables are responsible for enforcing federal, state and town
laws regulating fishing,clamming and boating in town waters. This
responsibility includes installing and maintaining navigational
equipment and rendering assistance and first aid. It also includes
inspecting seeding beds and polluted areas for illegal fishing and
clamming. They are also responsible for checking harbor and
waterway conditions and reporting, to town authorities, erosion and
other physical damage. Bay constables also enforce navigation laws
regulating the proper use and speed of craft in local waters.
The town employs three full time bay constables who each regularly
work eight hours a day,five days a week. We were informed that at
least one bay constable is required to be on duty every day from 8:00
AM to 4:00 PM. The collective bargaining agreement provides for
overtime to be paid for any time worked in excess of the regular eight
hour day. These overtime hours are paid at a rate of 1.5 times the
normal rate of salary. The agreement also provides that employees
recalled to work after their normal work day shall receive a minimum
of four hours compensation at their regular salary scale.
During 1997, overtime paid to the bay constables totaled $15,643,
which represented about 12.7%of their regular salaries which totaled
$123,307. Most of the overtime was earned because they had to
return to work because of storms, boating accidents and other
situations beyond the control of the town. However, $4,359 of the
$15,643 represented overtime payments with respect to hours worked
during sunrise to sunset in patrolling shellfish areas during the period
January through April and October through December. The senior
bay constable informed us that the town trustees require patrols of
shellfish areas from sunrise to sunset during the shellfish harvest
season. When two men are on duty it is not a problem because one
constable's shift can cover the period from sunrise on and the second
constable's shift can cover the period until sunset. However, when
only one constable is on duty because another constable is either on
vacation or using sick leave,the constable that is on duty must work
the full period from sunrise to sunset,thus incurring overtime costs.
Town of Southold
Page 15
We contacted the president of the town trustees who agreed that there
was no need to have the bay constables on patrol every day from
sunrise to sunset during the shellfish season. He stated that there are
over twenty inlets and other waterways where shellfish harvesting
occurs. All of these areas cannot be patrolled at the same time by one
or two individuals. A spot check of each of the areas during the hours
between sunrise and sunset,over the course of a week,would provide
sufficient coverage to deter illegal shellfish harvesting.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS The Town Board could annually reduce overtime and FICA costs by
approximately$4,500 by eliminating the requirement that at least one
bay constable be on duty between the hours of sunrise and sunset
during the shellfish harvest season. Over a five year period,the town
could realize overtime and FICA savings of approximately $22,500.
USER FEES
BACKGROUND During 1997 and 1998 approximately 69% of the appropriations of
all town funds and districts of approximately $25 million was
financed with real property taxes.
One way to reduce the town's reliance on general purpose revenues
such as real property taxes, is through implementation of user fees.
During 1997 and 1998 approximately 10% of the $25 million was
financed with user fees such as garbage disposal charges, building
inspector fees, aging participant income, wastewater disposal fees,
planning board fees and recreation fees.
In determining the areas to be reviewed, consideration was given to
the town's initial request for participation in $MART and the
supervisor's additional request at the time of our statement of
understanding meeting. Based on these requests, an overview of
certain operations was obtained through survey,inquiry,comparative
analysis, and observation and review of certain records and reports.
Based on the results of the planning phase, our review of user fees
included the following objectives as they pertained to solid waste,
wastewater disposal, recreation department, building department,
planning department,programs for the aging,and the town historian:
♦ Determine whether fees charged are comparable to other
towns on the eastern end of Long Island.
Town of Southold
Page 16
+ Determine whether revenues and expenditures are at
appropriate levels.
+ Determine whether cash flow may be enhanced.
+ Determine whether a current municipal function can be
funded through user charges rather than general purpose
revenue sources.
+ Determine whether the efficiency of certain operations may
be enhanced.
As a result of our review of these user fees objectives, certain
conditions came to our attention which, if changed, could result in
revenue enhancements or alternative methods of generating revenues.
Our specific recommendations follow.
OPPORTUNITY 1 INCREASE CHARGES FOR GARBAGE BAGS
RECOMMENDATION If garbage bag charges were increased, the town could reduce
real property tax revenues.
DISCUSSION Town residents must dispose of their household garbage by means of
special"Town of Southold"garbage bags. These bags are sold by the
town to retailers at wholesale prices. The retailers subsequently sell
the bags to town residents at retail prices. The town also sells bags
directly to the public at the retail price. Approximately 90% of the
bags are sold by the town to retailers at the wholesale prices. The
garbage bags come in four sizes: ten gallon (mini), fifteen gallon
(small), 30 gallon(medium) and 40 gallon (large).
Prior to 1997 garbage bags were sold at the following wholesale
prices: $.68 for small ($.75 retail), $1.35 for medium ($1.50 retail)
and$2.03 for large ($2.25 retail). Mini garbage bags were not sold
until 1997. On January 1, 1997 the town reduced the wholesale and
retail prices by 20% or more to the following levels: $.54 for small
bags($.60 retail),$1.04 for medium bags($1.15 retail)and$1.58 for
large bags ($1.75 retail). Mini garbage bags sell for$.36 wholesale
($.40 retail). Revenues from the sale of garbage bags decreased
approximately 13%, from $524,631 in 1996 to $458,252 in 1997.
Town of Southold
Page 17
Garbage disposed of by means of the special town garbage bags is a
component of municipal solid waste, one of the five types of solid
waste currently accepted at the town's solid waste facility. Each of
the five types of solid waste incurs a different level of expenditure,
depending upon how the materials have to be handled, and whether
the materials have to be transported elsewhere. According to the
town's solid waste coordinator, municipal solid waste accounted for
44% of the facility's expenditures in 1997, or $943,554. However,
revenues from the sale of garbage bags,and tipping fees for the other
components of municipal solid waste, amounted to only $682,533.
Municipal solid waste is comprised of three elements: household
waste,commercial garbage and rubbish. The town currently charges
$90 for each ton of commercial garbage and refuse received at the
solid waste facility, which is comparable to the fees charged by the
other eastern Long Island towns which still accept solid waste.
However,the charges for garbage bags used to dispose of household
garbage are significantly less than the amounts charged by the two
other towns in the area which utilize town issued garbage bags.
One town charges $1 for a thirteen gallon bag and $2 for a thirty-
three gallon bag,while another town charges$.75 for a twelve gallon
bag, $1.50 for a twenty-four gallon bag and $3 for a thirty-eight
gallon bag. The average of the two towns is about$.07 per gallon for
each garbage bag. The Town of Southold currently charges slightly
less than$.04 per gallon at the wholesale level and slightly more than
$.04 per gallon at the retail level.
By reinstating the charges for garbage bags which were in effect prior
to 1997,the average price of bags would increase by approximately
28%. If sales remained constant at 1997 levels, revenues would
increase approximately$128,000 from$458,252 to $586,252. If the
town decided to use the average rate of$.07 per gallon of garbage bag
size charged by the other two towns,the average price of bags could
be expected to increase by approximately 73%. Revenues would
increase approximately $335,000 from $458,252 to $793,252.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS The annual range of increased revenues of $128,000 to $335,000
would aggregate between $640,000 and$1,675,000 over a five year
period. This revenue increase should result in a significant reduction
in real property taxes and would be a means to collect revenues on a
more equitable basis (based on usage).
Town of Southold
Page 18
OPPORTUNITY 2 CHANGE YARD WASTE TIPPING FEES
RECOMMENDATION If a tipping fee for leaves was implemented and tipping fees for
brush and land clearing debris were increased, the town's
reliance on the general purpose revenues such as real property
taxes could be reduced.
DISCUSSION Five types of solid waste are currently accepted at the town's solid
waste facility: municipal solid waste, construction and demolition
debris,recyclables,yard waste and household hazardous waste. Each
type of solid waste incurs a different level of expenditure depending
upon how the materials have to be handled,and whether the materials
have to be transported elsewhere. According to the town's solid
waste coordinator, yard waste accounted for 15% of the facilities
expenditures in 1997,or$321,666. However,in 1997,revenues from
yard waste tipping fees amounted to only $119,358.
Yard waste is comprised of four elements:grass,brush,land clearing
and leaves. The town currently charges $70 for each ton of grass
received at the solid waste facility and$40 per ton for both brush and
land clearing. However, no tipping fee is charged for leaves. In
addition, no charge is levied for brush disposed of by the town's
highway department, other government agencies, or homeowners
during the spring and fall clean up periods. The spring and fall clean
up periods total four weeks each year. The town received$95,320 in
tipping fees from the disposal of 5,120 tons of brush, $14,616 from
the disposal of 406 tons of land clearing debris and $9,422 from the
disposal of 136 tons of grass. The town did not charge a fee for the
disposal of 2,921 tons of leaves. The revenues from these items did
not fully reconcile to the per ton charges of$40 and $70 because of
the free disposal policy for certain of the items.
Our study found that the other towns on eastern Long Island which
still accept yard waste at their facilities charge significantly more for
yard waste, other than grass,than the Town of Southold. The other
towns,on average,charge somewhat more than$60 per ton for brush
and land clearing debris and somewhat less than $60 per ton for
leaves while the Town of Southold charges$40 per ton for brush and
does not charge for leaves.
Town of Southold
Page 19
In order to provide the town with several choices, we calculated the
anticipated revenue increases under four options. All options include
the current town policy of charging a tipping fee of$70 per ton for
grass and allowing the highway department and other government
agencies to dump brush and leaves for free. Options in the first two
columns reflect an increase to $60 per ton for brush, land clearing
debris and leaves (comparable to the rates set by other towns in the
area). The option in the first column retains the free brush and leaves
disposal period for homeowners, while the option in the second
column does not. The options in the third and fourth columns reflect
a price increase to $70 per ton for brush, land clearing debris and
leaves so that all yard waste would be charged at the same rate. The
option in the third column retains the free brush and leaves disposal
period for homeowners, while the option in the fourth column does
not. The following table is presented to show anticipated revenues
resulting from these increases in fees:
$60/Ton* $60/Ton* $70/Ton $70/Ton
With Free Without Free With Free Without Free
Disposal Disposal Disposal Disposal
Anticipated Revenue at
New Rate $256,646 $296,066 $297,850 $343,840
Less: 1997 Revenue $119,358 $119,358 $119,358 $119,358
Increase in Revenue $jE.,288 176 708 178 492 $224,482
* As indicated above the town would continue to charge $70 per ton
for grass disposal.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS Town officials could increase revenues by $137,288 to $224,482
annually through the implementation of a tipping fee for leaves and
by increasing the tipping fees for brush and land clearing debris. At
this level,over a five year period revenue could aggregate $686,440
to $1,122,410.
OPPORTUNITY 3 INCREASE WASTEWATER FEES TO A LEVEL
SUFFICIENT TO COVER COSTS
RECOMMENDATION Fees charged by the town for wastewater disposal could be
increased to a level sufficient to finance the operations of the
scavenger waste facility.
Town of Southold
Page 20
DISCUSSION During 1997, the town operated a scavenger waste facility and
charged$.04 per gallon for wastewater received from vendors. This
is not a sewage treatment plant, but rather a holding facility
maintained for the benefit of a limited number of vendors.
Periodically, a contractor removes the wastewater for transportation
to an approved disposal location in another part of the county.
During 1997, the town was charged $.05 per gallon for such
transportation and disposal and these expenditures totaled $135,889.
During 1997, expenditures for all operations at the waste facility,
including the transportation and disposal totaled $252,957 and
exceeded revenues by $108,766. The actual revenues of$144,191
included real property taxes of$6,618. We note that in the three prior
years real property taxes ranged from $171,013 to $278,377.
Even though contractual costs for the transportation and disposal of
wastewater in 1997 was $.05 per gallon, the town charged vendors
only$.04 per gallon to dispose of wastewater at the town's scavenger
waste facility. This, plus the additional costs associated with the
operation of the facility resulted in a significant operating deficit of
$108,766 in 1997.
During 1997, total revenues of $144,191 consisted of wastewater
disposal charges, intergovernmental charges, interest earnings and
real property taxes of $87,350, $28,800, $21,423 and $6,618,
respectively. The intergovernmental charges of$28,800 were from
fees imposed on a neighboring town,which allows vendors operating
in that town to dispose of wastewater at Southold's scavenger waste
facility at the current fee per gallon rate.Wastewater disposal charges
were approximately 60% of total revenues in 1997.
In March 1998, the Town Board adopted a resolution increasing the
wastewater disposal charge of$.04 per gallon to $.07 per gallon. As
a result, during the first six months of 1998, the scavenger waste
district's operating deficit was only $27,785. One reason for the
decrease in the operating deficit was a significant drop in the amount
of wastewater disposed of at the facility. The gallons of wastewater
collected at the facility in the first six months of 1998 was 390,950
gallons less than the gallons collected in the first six months of 1997,
a 35%decrease. As a result, there was a corresponding decrease in
the cost of transporting the wastewater. In addition, although the
gallons of wastewater collected decreased significantly,the revenues
collected decreased only $800. The decrease in the gallons of
wastewater disposed of at the facility was reportedly due to the
vendors using other sites outside the town which charge lower fees.
Town of Southold
Page 21
The town signed an agreement with a new vendor, effective July 1,
1998, which increased the transportation and disposal charges to
$.0589 per gallon. Despite the fact that this represented an increase
in the rate the town would pay for disposal and transportation of the
waste, on July 8, 1998 the Town Board reduced the rate that was
charged to vendors for disposing the waste from $.07 per gallon to
$.06 per gallon. The new rates were not in effect long enough for us
to determine the long-term impact of these rate changes.However,we
note that during July 1998, 325,650 gallons of wastewater were
disposed of at the facility which was almost double the gallons
disposed of in July 1997.
In order to more completely finance the operation of the scavenger
waste facility,the town should significantly increase the rate of$.06
per gallon. If the rate is significantly increased, there would be a
decrease in the amount of wastewater collected. In order to offset this
decrease, we estimate that the town would have to further increase
their charge for wastewater disposal to approximately$.13 per gallon.
An analysis should be performed periodically to determine whether
the new rate generates sufficient revenues, which when combined
with other revenues (other government charges and interest and
earnings), are sufficient to finance the expenditures associated with
the operation of the scavenger waste facility.
If the town decides to close the current facility and relocate the
wastewater operation to the town's solid waste facility (see
opportunity entitled "Relocation of the Scavenger Waste Facility"),
overall costs would decrease and the town would not need to increase
disposal fees as much as indicated above.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS If the town raised the wastewater disposal charge to $.13 per gallon,
it could provide additional revenues of approximately $115,000 per
year and$575,000 over five years. This savings would enable to the
town to eliminate the levying of real property taxes to help finance
this operation and would enable the town to use a portion of the fund
balance at December 31, 1998 of $358,000 to help finance the
potential construction of a new facility on town property.
Town of Southold
Page 22
OPPORTUNITY 4 RELOCATION OF THE SCAVENGER WASTE
FACILITY
RECOMMENDATION The Town Board should consider relocating the scavenger waste
facility from the site owned by the Village of Greenport to the
town's solid waste facility in order to achieve cost savings.
DISCUSSION The town operates a scavenger waste facility located in the Village of
Greenport at a site which previously functioned as a sewage treatment
plant. The facility, which is owned by the Village of Greenport,
serves local vendors by temporarily holding wastewater.
Periodically,the town pays a contractor to remove the wastewater for
transportation to a treatment facility located in another part of the
county.
Most of the scavenger waste facility expenditures relate to the
contractual costs associated with the disposal of the wastewater and
for personal services for two town employees. In addition, there are
costs for maintaining a large building, as well as an annual lease
payment of$6,000 made to the village.
The town could reduce certain costs by relocating the scavenger
waste facility to a site on the grounds of the town owned solid waste
facility. Overtime costs, which totaled $3,777 in 1997, could be
reduced or eliminated because the town's solid waste facility is open
Sunday and several hours longer Monday through Saturday than the
village owned facility. Thus, additional costs would not have to be
incurred for emergency re-openings on Sundays, or emergency
extended hours Monday through Saturday.
Furthermore,1997 expenditures totaling $6,521 for various utilities
at the village owned site would be reduced because the town would
be paying only those costs associated with two holding tanks,not the
entire building the town currently has to operate. Expenditures at the
village owned building for maintenance and repairs and trailer rental,
totaling$3,603 and $4,641,respectively in 1997,would most likely
be eliminated.
With the exception of overtime, expenditures for personal services
would not be reduced, because the town has no intention of
terminating the services of the two employees currently working at
the facility. These individuals would be transferred to the new work
site. In addition, costs relating to the transportation and disposal of
Town of Southold
Page 23
the wastewaterwould remain the same. Other costs such as materials
and supplies required to maintain and operate the existing tanks
would probably remain the same.
The current lease agreement with the village was entered into during
1983 for a twenty year period, with an option to renew at the
expiration date in the year 2003. A 1995 memorandum from the
town to the village indicated that the village was seeking an annual
$20,000 payment in lieu of taxes from the town for the scavenger
waste facility. Thus,if the lease is renewed,there is a clear indication
that payments to the village would increase significantly. Because
_ of the costs associated with the operation of the facility at its current
location, and the expected higher costs of operation after the year
2003, we believe the town should consider closing the current
scavenger waste facility and constructing a new facility on town
property.
There are costs associated with the termination of the existing facility,
regardless of when the facility is closed. We note that the town does
not intend to maintain the existing facility indefinitely. If the Town
Board decides to close the existing scavenger waste facility in the
near future, we believe that consideration be given to constructing a
holding tank on the grounds of the town's solid waste facility. The
town would need to construct a concrete tank with a holding capacity
of approximately 55,000 gallons,and an aeration system to minimize
odor. A local engineering firm with experience in this area has
estimated that the cost to construct such a facility would range
between $150,000 and $175,000.
The lease agreement provides that annual payments continue to be
made to the village until June 2003, whether the town continues its
operation at the site or not. In addition, the village may compel the
town to remove any buildings and other improvements to the site not
later than six months after the termination of the lease,and restore the
leased premises to their condition at the commencement of the lease.
Although the costs associated with the construction of the new
holding tanks and the restoration of the existing waste facility site are
significant, these costs will have to be incurred by the town
eventually. We believe the town should consider incurring these
costs now by relocating the scavenger waste facility, while at the
same time eliminating the unnecessary costs associated with the
maintenance of a sewer treatment plant building which is utilized
solely as a holding facility for wastewater.
Town of Southold
Page 24
ESTIMATED BENEFITS Town officials should study, evaluate and discuss the costs and
benefits of relocating the scavenger waste facility at a new site. The
exact savings would be dependent upon the date the existing facility
is closed and when the new facility will be constructed.
OPPORTUNITY 5 REVIEW THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TOWN'S
NUTRITION PROGRAM
RECOMMENDATION The Town Board should cause a review of the efficiency of the
town's nutrition program. In addition, an adequate record
keeping system should be established to effectively monitor the
costs associated with the nutrition program.
DISCUSSION Information provided to us by the director of senior services showed
that approximately $352,000 was expended in 1997 for the town's
nutrition program. The 1998 budget has appropriations of
approximately $412,000, or an increase of about 17%. However,
these amounts are only approximations because we were not provided
with the actual expenditures of any of the senior services programs.
When we asked for the total nutrition program expenditures for 1997,
we were only provided with a schedule indicating that the nutrition
program accounted for about 66% of the total expenditures for all
senior services programs. There were no records presented to us
showing the total expenditures and a breakdown of the costs
associated with the nutrition program.
During 1997 the town's nutrition program expended $351,976 for
54,623 meals resulting in a cost of$6.44 per meal for preparation,
serving facilities and transportation. We note that costs allocated to
the program included transporting approximately 63% of the meals
to senior citizens' residences.
The total expenditures of$351,976 were financed with real property
taxes,county and federal grants and contributions from recipients of
the program of$155,397, $120,175 and $76,404, respectively. The
real property taxes represented approximately 44% of the total
revenue. The town suggests a contribution of$2 for each meal served
and our review disclosed that approximately 22% of the revenues
were from senior citizen participants.
One option the town could take to reduce the real property taxes
required to maintain the nutrition program would be to increase the
suggested donation for each meal. However,this may not be a viable
Town of Southold
Page 25
or equitable solution as numerous senior citizens are on a limited and
fixed income. A better solution would be to review the efficiency of
the nutrition program in an effort to determine where cost savings
could occur. This review could determine why expenditures were
expected to increase so significantly between 1997 and 1998, and
why such a large amount of real property tax revenues are required to
support the nutrition program. An adequate record keeping system
is also needed to determine the composition of the costs associated
with the nutrition program.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS The estimated cost savings to the town of conducting an efficiency
examination was not determined by us due to the lack of records and
time constraints of our review. Furthermore, we believe that
maintaining an adequate record keeping system to effectively monitor
nutrition program expenditures will help result in improved
operations.
OPPORTUNITY 6 IMPLEMENT A FEE FOR GENEALOGICAL
RESEARCH
RECOMMENDATION Financing the town historian's genealogical research work
performed for out of town residents with a fee for each request
would reduce real property taxes and allow the town to charge
for such work in a more equitable manner.
DISCUSSION The Town of Southold employs a historian who provides both town
residents and out of town residents historical information regarding
the town and its inhabitants. Because the historian's work is funded
by real property taxes, town residents are subsidizing the work the
historian provides to out of town residents. Furthermore,out of town
residents are receiving the town historian's services but are not being
charged.
Because of the inequities with the current method of funding the work
of the town historian,the town should consider partially financing the
historian's salary by charging out of town customers a fee for using
certain of the historian's services. The town historian informed us
that those requests which come predominantly from individuals who
do not reside in the Town of Southold are for genealogical research.
These requests are very time consuming and are growing in volume
every year. Requests for other types of information received from out
of town individuals are not as common and do not involve as much
research work.
Town of Southold
Page 26
The town historian received fifty-seven genealogical research
requests in 1997 which represented a sharp increase over the forty
requests in 1996 and thirty-six in 1995. The historian indicated that
slightly more than 75%of such requests come from individuals who
do not reside in the Town of Southold. On average, each
genealogical research project takes one and one-half hours.
The most equitable practice would be to charge a fee for the service
and the fee should be based on the amount of time the historian takes
to do each project. However, in order to reduce the amount of time
spent in record keeping, and to provide customers with a cost they
would be aware of at the time of the request, a flat fee would be the
best method to use. Based upon the historian's annual salary of
$11,500 for 1998 and the 700 hours worked each year(two days each
week for seven hours each day,less four days vacation each year),we
determined that the hourly rate is approximately $16. If each
genealogical research project consumes one and one-half hours of
time,an equitable average fee would be $24 for each request from an
out of town customer.
ESTIMATED BENEFITS Town officials could increase revenues by $900 annually through
implementation of a fee to defray the cost of the town historian's time
spent on genealogical research for out of town customers. At this
level, over a five year period revenue would aggregate $4,500.
Town of Southold
Page 27
APPENDIX
LOCAL OFFICIALS' RESPONSE
The local officials response to this $mart Review can be found on the following page.
Town of Southold
Page 28
��g�ff0��►�o
JEAN W. COCHRAN �0 Town Hall, 53095 Main Road
SUPERVISOR = Gy� P.O. Box 1179
C2 Southold,New York 11971
COD Z Fax(516) 765-1823
Oy �� Telephone (516) 765-1889
OFFICE OF THE SUPERVISOR
TOWN OF SOUTHOLD
February 4, 1999
Office of the State Comptroller
A.E. Smith State Office Building
Albany, NY 12236
Dear Comptroller McCall:
On behalf of the Town Board of the Town of Southold, thank you for your assistance provided
through the $MART program. The Town Board will investigate the $MART findings further
in an effort to contain property taxes and reduce expenditures while maintaining essential
government services.
After the Town Board completes its review, we will endeavor to implement those
recommendations made under the $MART program where practicable.
Finally, we look forward to working with your office so that together we may continue to
serve the taxpayers more efficiently by making use of our limited resources.
Very truly yours,
Jean W. Cochran
Supervisor