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Home My WebLink AboutGuadagno, Patrick[R CKER' II Archaeology Services, Inc. REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS vhase IA Archaeolo~cal Documcntar~l $1:uc[9 for the. pro~oosec[ Guac[a,gno subc[ivision Orient, Town of.$outhoH, Suffolk Counb.j, New York November ZO10 ?rcpamc[ for: In'cer-$cienc¢, $outhamF¢on, New York Prepared by: Al[mc[ CS. Cammisa, M.A./RPA Fe[icia Cammisa, Alexanc[er Pat[ilia Report #: TRACKER ARCHAEOLOGY SERVICES, INC. MONROE, NY 109§0 · (845) 783-4082 NORTH BABYLON, NY 11703 · (631)321-1380 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY pR//: none known Involved aaencies: Town of Southold Phase: Phase IA Location: Orient Town of Southotd Suffolk County S_ urvey Area: Length: about 960 feet (29 meters) north-south Width: about 444 feet (135 m) east-west. Acres Studied: 10 acres (4 hectares) 2 Project areas areas: Lot 1= 1.5 acres & Lot 2= 2.5 acres USGS: Orient, NY Survey overview: ST no. & interval: na Size of freshly plowed area: na Surface survey transect interval: na Results: Recommend Phase lB Results of Architectural Survey: No. Of buildings/structures/cemeteries in project area: none No. Of buildings/structures/cemeteries adjacent to project area: cemetery, I dwelling No. Of previously determined NR listed or eligible buildingslstructureslcemeteriesldistricts: none No. Of identified eligible buildingslstructureslcemeteriesldistricts: none Authors: Alfred G. Cammisa, MA./RPA Felicia Cammisa, B.A. Alexander Padilla, B.A. Report completed November, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Environment ............................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Prehistoric Potential ................................................................................................................................... 2-3 Historic Potential ........................................................................................................................................ 3-5 Site Visit ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................... ~ ................ 5 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................... 6-7 Appendix 1: Figures and Photographs Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Photo 1 Photo 2 Photo 3 Photo 4 UST OF FIGURES Portion of the Orient, New York USGS. Location of shovel tests on the project area. Portion of the 1836 Colton map. Portion of t~e 1858 Chace map, Portion of the 1873 Beers atlas, Portion of the 1896 Hyde atlas. Portion of the 1904 USGS. Portion of the County Soil Survey. LIST OF PHOTOS Looking north from Omhard Street. Looking NE from cemetery. Looking down road at property. Looking at house adjacent to project area, INTRODUCTION Between November 3 and November 21, 2010, TRACKER-Archaeology Services, Icc conducted a Phase IA documentary study for the proposed Guadagno subdivision in Orient, Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New York. The purpose of the Phase IA documentary study was to determine the prehistoric and historic potential for the recovery of archaeological remains. The Phase IA was implemented by a review of past and current environmental data, archaeological site files, other archival literature, maps, and documents. The prehistoric and historic site file seamh was conducted utilizing the resources of the New York State Historic Preservation Office in Waterford, New York. Various historic and/or archaeological web sites may have been visited to review any pertinent site information. The entire property is 10 acres and is located at 2595 Orchard Street. The project area consists of 2 proposed lots , Lot 1 at 1.5 acres and Lot 2 at 2.5 acres separated by open space. The property is bordered to the southwest by Orchard Street, to the east by Orient Central Cemetery, and to the remaining sides by private properties. The study was conducted by TRACKER-Archaeology Services, Inc. of Monroe, New York. Prehistoric and historic research was conducted by Alfred Cammisa, M.A. The field visit was conducted by field director Alexander Padilla, B.A. Repod. preparation was by Alfred Cammisa, Felicia Cammisa, B.A. and Alexander Padilla, B.A. The work was performed for Inter-Science, Southampton, New York. ENVIRONMENT Geology The project area is located in the southeast portion of New York State in the northeastern part of Suffolk County. This portion of New York lies in the Atlantic Coastal Plains Physiographic Province. The coastal plain slopes gently eastward and is actually a strip of recently emerged sea bottom. The soils in this region consist largely of sand, clay and marl (a mixture of clay, finely fragmented shell and calcite). This region of Suffolk County, on Long Island's North Fork, lies on an out wash plain south of the Harbor Hill Moraine. A glacial meltwater channel had once separated Orient Point from the rest of the north fork (Schuberth 1968: cover map, 9, 184-186; Van Diver 1985: 70; Sirkin 1995:142, 149-150). Soils and Topography Soils on the project area consist of: IOl.5-0(-0) I I IA 0-3 (-8) [orgaaic IB 3- 0 025) 110YR4/2 lB2 10-19 (-48) 17.5YR4/4 17-5vR5/6 (Warner 1975; map #5, inset map #3: pgs. 71-72, 77-78). Elevations on the property range approximately from 20 feet above mean sea level. The project area is located orr the north fork a narrow peninsula, and orient a small peninsula Hydlolo~g2 The property is bout 2200 feet northeast ot Orient Harbor at its closest and 3600 feet southeast of the Long Island Sound Veg_etation The predominant forest community inhabiting the Coastal Plain in this vicinity (Cape Cod to the Carolinas) was the Northern Pine-Oak Forest. These torests are maintained largely by the effects of frequent fires. Were it not for the fires which the pine species have adapted to, these forests would slowly change to Mesic, dominated by oak, hickory and red maple. Northern Pine Oak Forests fall within the larger Xeric Forest category. Xeric forests occur on sandy or otherwise poor soils that are overly dry All coastal plains of eastern North America are Xeric. They generally have lower species diversity than bottomland forests (Kricher 1988:16-17, 65-66). The reason the forest soils and surfaces are so dry in this moist region is due to the excessive drainage of overly sandy soils on the Coastal Plain. PREHISTORIC POTENTIAL A prehistoric site file search was conducted at the New York State Historic Preservation Office (NYSHPO). The search included a 1 mile radius around the study area. The following sites were recorded: 10310.0008 10310.0254 3474 (1059) 2877 (877) 5 Acres Indian Village: area of several camp about 600 years prior to Euro-American settlement, relics found, shell midden (Late woodland?) Major Banks (form unfilled), no info. 10310.0255 4770 (1454) Brown Brothers shell midden 103100261 1552 (473) King Street:(form unfilled) no info 10310.0262 5007 (1526) Peters Neck 10310.0263 3570 (1088) Orient Flaking Station/Hallock Site: small workshop near the village site, covers more than 50 acres, more than 300 scrapers on plowed surface 10310-0264 5108 (1557) Orient Period (Transitional) style burial with cremation, artifact cache. red ochre, possible bone bundle at deep level 697 4419 (1347) ne info. An Orient Period ceremonial burial site was reported in Orient (Stone nd:,map). In addition, Indian trails were reported in the general vicinity of the project area connecting the tidal creeks along the southern and northern portions of the nodh fork, one appearing along, or near, Route 25 and 48. Both cross over into (Stone nd:map). Although the foot trails were reported during early historic times, they undoubtedly existed prehistorically~ Assessing the known environmental and prehistoric data, we can summarize the following: -The property is bout 2200 feet northeast of Orient Harbor at its closest and 3600 feet southeast of the Long Island Sound -The project area is comprised of level terrain with well drained soils. -The project parcel is located on a small peninsula. Previous archaeological investigations have shown these areas as more desirable for prehistoric occupation (Cammisa 1996). Prehistoric sites are near the study area. Indian trails were located in the vicinity. In our opinion, the study area has a higher than average potential for the recovery of archaeological remains. The type of site encountered could be a small processing/procurement site. HISTORIC POTENTIAL Contact Period (Seventeenth Century) At the time of European Contact and settlement, the study area was likely occupied by either the Saugust or the Poquatuck. These were probably branches or villages of the large Corchaug tribe. (Stone nd:map; Stone Levine 198:161). The previously men[ioned Indian trails were reported along Routes 25 and 48, connecting tidal creeks along the southern and northern portions of the north fork and crossing over to into Orient. 3 It may have been Town policy to keep the Indians grouped in the western portion of the Town which was considered wilderness at this time. In 1664 it was voted that the Indians could plant in Hogs Neck if they had sufficient fencing (Anonymous 1982:8). Orient was first settled about 1661 (Town of Southold web site). EiQhteenth Century Wigwams were still being used during this period. Two wigwams were located in Orient at this time. The wigwams were reported in the 1740's by Reverend Horton who probably lived in it while visiting (Stone nd:map; Stone 1980:170). The term wigwam may refer to a hamlet or small village of these dome shaped dwelling structures. A wharf and warehouse were constructed in Orient by 1740 (Town of Southold web site). Oyster Ponds, now called Orient, was connected with the rest of the Town by a Iow, sandy beach which was, at times, covered by water. This tract was called Poquatuck by the Indians which means tidal river, cove, or creek (Thompson 1918:385, Tooker 1962:195). Previous to the American Revolution, there was a wharf near Stirling Creek where sloops from West India landed with rum and molasses. During the Revolutionary Period, there were 6 houses in the village of Greenport, 5 of which were along Stirling Street (Bayles 1962:379). Nineteenth Century The 1836 Colton map does not depict Orchard Street but Main Road and Village Lane are shown (Figure 3). The 1858 Chace map does not show roads but rather the buildings along the roads. Building are depicted along where Village Lane, Orchard Street, and Main Road are. A building is nearby the project parcel (Figure 4). The 1873 Beers atlas shows Taylor Road and Orchard Street. Orchard Street's orientation is not accurate, it should be largely an east-west road and this map depicts it going north-south. The cemetery on Taylor is shown further north (Figure 5). The 1896 Hyde atlas depicts the church, which likely has a cemetery, near the project area. However, the church's cemetery does not extend to the project parcel as it does today (Figure 6). Twentieth Century The 1904 USGS shows a structure adjacent to the project parcel (Figure 7). In the late nineteenth century, the Town farming became highly specialized in areas such as potatoes, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, peas, beans, and the like (Bailey 1949:162). An historic site file search was conducted at the New York State Historic Preservation Office (NYSHPO). The search included a I mile radius around the study area. The following sites or disctricts were recorded: 4 NR#90NR01894 313 (95) Obent Historic District Assessing the known environmeatal and historical data, we can summarize tire following: -The property is bout 2200 feet northeast of Orient Harbor at its closest and 3600 feet southeast of the Long Island Sound -The project area is comprised of level terrain with well drained soils. -Indian trails were located in the vicinity. Indian wigwams were in the vicinity -An tristoric MDS was adjacent to the project area, visible on the 1904 map but not the preceding 1896 and earlier maps. The Orient historic district is nearby. In our opinion, the study area has a higher than average potential for the recovery of early twentieth century Euro-American sites and a moderate potential for native American historic sites. There is a possibility that graves associated with poor and/or minority groups were buried just outside the churches historic cemetery bounds and could be on the project property. SITE VISIT At the time of the site visit in late November, the property consisted of a dense thicket, with brush, briars, tall weeds, waist to head high, and a scattering of immature trees such as birch. The adjacent proper~y contained a cemetery as noted on the early maps, since 1873 (see Historic Potential). Two signs on stone pillars at the entrance way of the cemetery along Tabor Road said" 1855" and the other "1906". However, the headstones on the eastern edge of the cemetery, closest to the property and project areas, were all put in mid to late twentieth century and into the twenty first century. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Based upon location on a small peninsula with close proximity to water, proximity to known prehistoric sites, Indian trails, terrain and soil types, the project area is seen as having a higher than average potential for the recovery of prehistoric sites. Based upon the similar environmental characteristics, proximity to historic sites, map documented structures, and/or Indian trails, the project area was seen as having an above average potential for only early twentieth century sites and a moderate potential for encountering historic aboriginal sites. There is also a Iow possibility of encountering graves from the adjacent cemetery due to the later interment there as witnessed during the site visit. A Phase lB archaeological survey is recommended for the proposed development. Lots 1 and 2, prior to any ground disturbance. 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY Bailey, Paul 1949 Long Island: The Story of Two Great Counties, Nassau and Suffolk. Volume 1. Lewis Historical Publishing Company, New York. Bayles, Richard 1962 Historical and Descriptive Sketches of Suffolk Countj4. Empire State Historical Publishing Company XVIII. Cammisa, Alfred G. 1996 Phase lB Archaeological Survey and Phase II Intensive Testing of the Pellicano Site for the Proposed Bayview Development Bayview, Town of Southold Suffolk Counb/, New York. TRACKER-Archaeology Services. Ms. on file with NYSHPO. Kricher, John C. and Gordon Morison 1988 The Peterson Field Guide Series: Eastern Forests of North Amedce. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Levine, Gaynell, editor 1978 Readings in Long lsland Archaeology and EthnohistorJ4 Volume2: The Coastal Archaeology Reader. Suffolk County Archaeological Association. Pelletreau, William 1982 Southold, in History of Suffolk Coun~ 1683-1883. Suffolk County Tricenteonial Commission. W.W. Munssll and Company. Schuberth, Christopher J. 1968 The Geology of New York City and Environs. New York: Natural History Press. Sirkin, Les 1995 Eastern Long Island Geology with Field Trips. Book and Tackle Shop, RI. Stone-Levine, Gaynell 1980 Language and Lore of the Long Island Indians. Readings in Long Island Archaeology and Ethnohistory. Suffolk County Archaeological Association. Stone, Gaynetl 1993 Readings in Long Island Archaeology and Ethnohistory: Volume 3, The History and Archaeology of the Montauk. Suffolk County Archaeological Association. Thompson, Benjamin Franklin 1918 History of Long Island. Volume 2. Ira J_ Friedman, Inc., New York. Tooker, William Wallace 1962 The Indian Place Names on Long Island and islands adjacent, with their probable significations. Ira J. Friedman, New York. Town of Southoid web site 2010 Orient in, http://southoldtown.northfork.net/orient.htm Van Diver, Bradford B. 1985 Roadside Geology of New York. Misssula Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. Warner, John W.; W. E. Hana; R. J. Landry; J. R Wulforst; J. A. Neeley; R. L Holmes; and C. E. Rice 1975 Soil Survey of Suffolk County, New York. U.S. Department of Agdculture, Soil ConservatJon Service in Cooperation with Comell Agricultural Experimental Station. MaDs Chace, Jay 1858 Map of Suffolk Coun~ Long lsland, New York. Philadelphia: John Douglas. Colton, J.H. 1836 Map of Long Island. J.H. Colton. Hyde and Company 1896 Map of Long Island. Brooklyn, New York: Hyde & Company. Jensen, H.M. and J. Soren 1974 Hydrology of Suffolk County, Long Island, New York. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. Stone, Gaynell not dated Map of Native Long Island. Long Island Culture History Lab & Museum- Suffolk County Archaeological Association. United State Geological Survey 1956 Orient, New Yorkquadrangle map, 7.5 minute series. 1904 Shelter Island, NYquadrangle map, 7.5 minute series. 7 ~L Figure _Portion of the Orient, NY USGS '~ . -. Ft ' o ~ ooo 2000 YARDS 072° 1 ~0.00" W 072° 18' )0,00'W 072~ ~0.00"W 072" 17' )0.00"W 072' FIGURE 2: LOCATION OF PHOTOS PHOTO ANGLE 240' 180' SCALE: 1 INCH = 120 FEET 120' 60' 0 120' 240' PROJECT NAME: GUADAGNO R4CKER Archaeology Services, Inc. ] ,v L A N \. Figure 3 Portion of the 1836 Colton map N project vicinity P! ~,t ,,I It 11 I it ,'I ~T · Figure 4 N Portion of the 1858 Chace map * Figure 5 Portion of the 1873 Beers atlas project 11~. g_ '~,{, ,~ 3:'~,7 ~ ,~ Figure 6 ' Portion of the 1896 Hyde atlas Figure 7 Portion of the 1904 USGS project area Figure 8 Portion of the County Soil Survey ~ I E N t R B 0 N Ha( HaA projec~ HaA Photo 1 Looking north from Orchard Street ~ ~':' Photo 2 "Looking NE from cemetary Photo 3 // Photo 4 - ~ Looking at house adjacent · - to project area CKER' Archaeology Services, Inc. REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS Pha~e II~ Archaeological Surreal for thc proposecl Guacla~no subclivi$ion Orient, Town ot: $outholct, Suffolk Count9, New York Cebrua~ z011 Prcparecl for: Inter-Science, $outhampton, New York Prepared by: Alrrrecl G. Cammisa, RPA v¢licia Cammisa, Alcxanclcr Fadilla Report. #: TRACKER ARCHAEOLOGY SERVICES, INC. MONROE, NY 10960 · (845) 783-4082 NORTH BABYLON, NY 11703 · (631) 321-1380 MANAGEMENTSUMMARY PR/f: none known Involved agencies: Town of Southold Phase: Phase lB Location: Orient Town of Southold Suffolk County ~urvey Area: Length: about 960 feet (29 meters) north-seuth Width: about 444 feet (135 m) east-west. Acres Studied: 4.5 acres (1.8 hectares) 2 Project areas: Lot 1 =2 acres & Lot 2= 2.5 acres USGS: Orient, NY Survey overview: ST no. & interval: 78 at 50 ft. (15m) intervals Size of freshly plowed area: na Surface survey transect interval: na Results: No prehistoric or historic remains Result8 of Amhitectural Survey: No. Of buildings/structures/cemeteries in project area: none No. Of buildings/structures/cemeteries adjacent to project area: cemetery, I dwelling No. Of previously determined NR listed or eligible buildings/structures/cemeteries/districts: none No. Of identified eligible buildings/structures/cemeteries/districts: none Authors: Alfred G. Cammisa, MA./RPA Felicia Cammisa, B.A. Alexander Padilla, B.A. Date of ReDorf: Report completed February, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Field Methods ............................................................................................................................................... 2 Field Results ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................................................................ 2 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................. 2 Appendix 1: Appendix 2: Figure 1 Figure 2 Figures and Photos Shovel Tests UST OF FIGURES Portion of the Orient, New York USGS. Location of the shovel tests on the project area. UST OF PHOTOS Photo 1 Photo 2 Looking southeast from ST 14. Looking south from ST 6. INTRODUCTION Between February 8 to 10, 2011, TRACKER-Amhaeology Services, Inc. conducted a Phase lB archaeological survey for the proposed Guadagno subdivision, in Odent, Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New York. The purpose of the survey was to provide physical evidence for the presence or absence of amhaeological sites on the project area. The current Phase lB field investigations were recommended by a previous Phase IA documentary study conducted on the property (Cammisa 2010). The entire property is 10 acres and is located at 2595 Orchard Street. The project area consists of 2 proposed lots, Lot 1 at about 2 acres and Lot 2 at 2.5 acres, both separated by open space. The property is bordered to the southwest by Omhard Street, to the east by Orient Central Cemetery, and to the remaining sides by pdvate properties. The work was per/armed by TRACKER-Archaeology Services, Inc. of Monroe, New York. Field work was conducted by'field director, Alexander Padilla, B.A. Report preparation by Principal Investigator, Alfred Cammisa, M.A., Felicia Cammisa, B.A, and Alexander Padilla. The work was pedormed for Inter-Science, Southampton, New York. FIELD METHODS Walkover Any exposed ground surfaces were walked over at about 3 to 5 meter intervals to observe for artifacts. Covered ground terrain was reconnoitered at approximately 15 meter intervals to observe for any above ground features, such as berms, depressions, or rock configurations which might be evidence for histodc or prehistoric features. Photographs were taken of the property. Shovel Testina Shovel tests (ST's) were excavated at 15 meter intervals across the project area. Each ST measured about 30 to 40 cm. in diameter and was dug into the underlying subsoil (B hodzon) 10 to 20 cm. when possible. All soils were screened through 1/4 inch wire mesh and observed for artifacts. Shovel tests were flagged in the field. Soil stratigraphy was recorded according to texture and color. Soil color was matched against the Munsell color chart for soils. Notes were transcribed in a notebook. FIELD RESULTS Field testing of the project area included the excavation of 78 ST's at 15 meter intervals. No prehistoric remains were encountered. No historic artifacts or features were encountered. Stratigraphy Stratigraphy across the project area consisted of the following: NO hodzon - 2 to 4 cm. thick of root mat, leaf litter and humus. A hodzon - 8 to 36 cm. thick of 10YR4/3 brown sandy loam. B horizon - 10 to 18 cm. dug into of 10YR5/6 yellow brown sandy loam. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS During the course of the Phase lB survey, 78 ST's were excavated. No prehistoric artifacts or features were encountered. No histodc artifacts or features were encountered. No turthar work is recommended. BIBUOGRAPHY Cammisa, Alfred G. Felicia Cammisa, Alexander Padilla 2010 Phase IA Archaeological Documentary Study for the proposed Guadagno sub(~vision Orient, Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New York. TRACKER-Archaeology Services, Inc # 692. United States Geologic Survey 1957 Orient, New York quadrangles, 7.5 minute sedes. TT I ~'~ IT 'r~ I · ~ .' Figure 1 N R CKERir, Pc~roon of the Orient, NY USGS ~ Archaa'eologrServicex,/.C. l O~ ~. ~/ ,,~.~ . . v .~. i'¢.'-' ~;. - q,, ,~-. , .. · ' ' .. * ' LONG ' -' "' '"' -' '~' '-~'" Pt T H A R B (1,1~ ' / " o ~ooo 200o ¢ YARDS I :~' I /I -' FIGURE 2: LOCATION OF SHOVEL TESTS NEGATIVE SHOVEL TEST PHOTO ANGLE 2 5.2 o~ 41 6 49 5.7 5.0 5.~ 65 5.5 . 64 54 ,, 65 4.3 59 58 10 9 ~.5 ~ ~s ~2 {5 7 ~7 ~1 ~6 ? ~o ~7 28 32 29 5.1 34 37 240' 5.5 *. 180' SCALE: 1 INCH = 120 FEET 120' 60' 0 120' 240' PROJECT NAME: GUADAGNO Photo 1 Looking SE from ST 14 Photo 2 Looking south from ST 6 STP LV DEPTH(CMl I 1 0-3 2 3-15 3 15-30 SHOVELTESTS TEXTURE COLOR Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 2 1 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves 2 3-15 SaLo 10YR4/3 3 15-30 SaLo 10YR5/6 3 I 0-3 2 3-11 3 11-25 4 I 0-3 2 3-27 3 27-39 5 I 0-4 2 4-30 3 30-43 6 I 0-3 2 3-31 3 31-44 7 I 0-2 2 2-30 3 30-43 8 I 0-3 2 3-25 3 25-39 9 1 0-2 2 2-32 3 32-47 10 1 0-2 2 2-33 3 33-45 11 1 0-2 2 2-27 3 27-39 12 1 0-2 2 2-27 3 27-39 13 I 0-3 2 3-30 3 30-43 HOR COMMENT A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 Rootmat,humus,ieaves SaLo 10YR4/3 S a Lo 10Y R 5/6 Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo !0YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 ! 2 3 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 3-36 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 36-49 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-3 Rootmat,humus,ieaves 3-28 SaLo 10YR4/3 28-44 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O A B 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 3-30 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 30-43 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 2-29 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 29-41 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 2-33 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 33-45 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 2-29 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 29-42 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 2-30 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 30-42 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat, humus,leaves A/O 2-35 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 35-47 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-4 Rootmat, humus,leaves A/O 4-31 SaLo 10YR4/3 A 31-45 SaLo 10YR5/6 B 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O 2-33 SaLo 10YR4~ A 33-43 SaLo 10YR5~ B 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves 3-29 SaLo 10YR4/3 29-44 SaLo 10YR5/6 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves 2-34 SaLo 10YR4/3 34-44 SaLo 10YR5/6 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves 3-30 SaLo 10YR4/3 30-43 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O A B A/O A B A/O A B NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM NCM 54 55 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 0-2 Rootmat,humus,leaves 2-34 SaLo 10YR4/3 34-48 SaLo 10YR5/6 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves 3-25 SaLo 10YR4/3 25-38 SaLo 10YR5/6 0-3 Rootmat,humus,leaves 3-30 SaLo 10YR4/3 30-48 SaLo 10YR5/6 56 I O-3 2 3-28 3 28-40 57 1 2 58 59 6O 61 62 63 64 65 0-3 3-27 3 27-39 1 0-2 2 2-33 3 33-45 1 0-3 2 3-30 3 30-43 I 0-2 2 2-34 3 34-46 1 0-4 2 4-35 3 35-47 1 0-3 2 3-31 3 31-43 I 0-3 2 3-25 3 25-39 1 0-3 2 3-28 3 28-4O 1 0-3 2 3-31 3 31-44 Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YRS/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 Rootmat,humus,leaves SaLo 10YR4/3 SaLo 10YR5/6 A/O NCM A NCM B NCM A/O NCM A NCM B NCM Rootmat,humus,!eaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM Rootmat,humus,leaves A/O NCM SaLo 10YR4/3 A NCM SaLo 10YR5/6 B NCM