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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2008 Post-Retirement Plan Actuarial Valuation ReportTown of Southold Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan Actuarial Valuation Report Valuation Date: January 1, 2008 Plan Year Beginning: January 1, 2008 990 Stewart Avenue · Suite 520 · Garden City · NY 11530 Phone (516) 683-6100 · Fax (516) 683-6163 · www.chemoffdiamond.com CHERNOFFDiAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION This report presents the January 1, 2008 Actuarial Valuation results for the retiree healthcare benefits (medical, prescription drug and behavioral health) provided mainly through the New York State Empire Plan ("the Plan"). The purposes of this report are to: (1) Determine the Plan's unfunded postretirement healthcare obligations; (2) Determine the Town's annual Fiscal Year accrual for the Fiscal Year ending December 3:~, 2008 based on GASB Statement 45; and (3) Provide information that may be helpful in future planning. A summary of the major results is shown in the Executive Summary, while the Principal Valuation Results Section provides more detail. The Accounting information Section summarizes GASB Other Postemployment Benefit (OPEB) accounting treatment including the 2008 fiscal year Annual Required Contribution (ARC), Annual OPEB cost (AOC) and projected December 3:~, 2008 Net OPE8 Obligation (NO0). This report's costs and liabilities are based upon the data and Plan Provisions provided by the Town, as summarized in the Demographic Information and Plan Provisions Sections, respectively, and the funding method and actuarial assumptions outlined in the Methods and Assumptions Section of this report. This report presents our best estimate of the costs of the Plan in accordance with accepted actuarial principles and our understanding of GASB Statement 45. Respectfully, Chernoff Diamond & Co., LLC John Lin, E.A. Consulting Actuary Robert Abzu§, A.S.A., E.A., M.A.A.A., F.C.A. Principal CHERNOFF DIAhlOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Executive Summary Principal Valuation Results 4 Accounting Information 5 25~Year Payout Projection 8 Sensitivity Analysis 9 Demographic Information 10 Summary of Principal Plan Provisions Methods and Assumptions 12 Glossary of Terms 17 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION The Town provides medical, prescription drug and behavioral health to retirees and their covered dependents. The Town pays a portion of the cost for retirees, disabled retirees, spouses and dependents. All active employees who retire or are disabled directly from the State and meet the eligibility criteria will participate. This summary identifies the value of benefits at January 1, 2008 and cost for the 2008 Fiscal Year: Present Value of all Projected Benefits Present Value of Benefits Earned to Date (Actuarial Accrued Liability) 2008 FY Annual Required Contribution** 2008 FY Annual OPEB Cost 2008 FY Expected Benefit Premiums Results $68,354,763 $45,806,260* $4,798,081 $4,798,081 $1,283,743 * Calculated under Projected Unit Credit Cost Method. ** The Annual Required Contribution reflects a 30-year, level amortization of the Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability. CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION This section presents detailed valuation results for the Town's Plan. The Present Value of all Projected Benefits is the total present value of all expected future benefits, based on certain actuarial assumptions. The Present Value of all projected benefits is a measure of total liability or obligation. Essentially, the Present Value of all projected benefits is the value (on the valuation date) of the benefits promised to current and future retirees. The Plan's present value of all projected benefits at January 1, 2008 is $68,354,763. The ActuarialAccrued Liability is the liability or obligation for benefits earned through the valuation date, based on certain actuarial methods and assumptions. The Plan's Actuarial Accrued Liability at January 1, 2008 is $45,806,260. The Actuarial Accrued Liability represents approximately 67% of the present value of all projected benefits. Normal Cost is the value of benefits expected to be earned during the year, again based on certain actuarial methods and assumptions. The 2008 Fiscal Year Normal Cost is $1,900,444. The results were calculated based upon plan provisions, as provided by the Town, along with certain demographic and economic assumptions as recommended by Chernoff Diamond & Co., LLC with guidance from GASB statement. Demographic Assumptions Data was provided by the Town as of December 2007. Standard actuarial method and assumptions were used to project the data. There is no assumption for future new hires. CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Economic Assumptions The GASB statement requires that the discount rate used to determine the retiree healthcare liabilities should be the estimated long-term yield on the "investments that are expected to be used to finance the payments of benefits". Since the Town does not pre-fund the retiree healthcare liabilities, the discount rate should be based on the portfolio of the Town's "general assets" used to pay healthcare benefits. This portfolio could suggest a 4% to 5% discount rate. Based on Chernoff Diamond & Co., LLC's recommendation as well as the Town's own long term outlook, a discount rate of 4.50% is used. The trend assumption is used to project the growth of the expected claims over the lifetime of the healthcare recipients. The GASB statement does not require a particular source for information to determine healthcare trends, but it does recommend selecting a source that is "publicly available, objective and unbiased". Chernoff Diamond & Co., LLC developed the trend assumption utilizing Towns information in published papers from other industry experts {actuaries, health economists, etc.), as well as assumptions recommended by New York State Department of Civil Service. The balance of this report provides greater detail for the above results. CHERNOFF DIAt-IOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION The following hi§hlights the Town's reco§nition of the above amounts: The January 1, 2008 assets are $0. The 2008 FY annual required contribution (ARC) is $4,798,081. Expected 2008 FY benefit payments are $1,283,743. The following table shows results by active, deferred vested, survivin§ spouse and retired employee groups: Present Value of Projected Benefits Actives Deferred Vesteds Retirees Total Results $48,791,:~87 So 519,563,574 $68,354,761 Actuarial Accrued Liability Actives Deferred Vesteds Retirees Total $26,242,684 $o ~19,563,574 545,806,258 Assets Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability Normal Cost $0 $45,806,260 $1,900,444 4 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION The following shows the Annual Required Contribution (ARC), Annual OPEB Cost (AOC), and projected December 31, 2008 Net OPE8 Obligation (NO0), assuming the accounting standard is first adopted for the 2008 Fiscal Year. Annual Required Contribution (ARC) The proposed Standard sets the method for determining the Town's postemployment benefits accrual, the Annual Required Contribution (ARC), to include both the value of benefits earned during the year (Normal Cost) and an amortization of the Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability. Accordingly, the following table shows the Town's 2008 Fiscal Year Annual Required Contribution {ARC) based on a 30-year amortization of the Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability as a level dollar amount. Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2008 Normal Cost Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability Amortization Interest to Year-end Annual Required Contributions (ARC) $1,900,444 $2,691,021 $206,616 $4,798,081 5 CHERNOFFDiAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Annual OPEB Cost (AOC) If there is no OPEB obligation on the Town's financial statements at transition, then the Annual OPEB cost is equal to the Annual Required Contribution. Otherwise, the Annual OPEB Cost should reflect interest charge on beginning NOO balance and an adjustment for the NOO amortization included in ARC. Net OPEB Obligation (NOO) January 1, 2008 Annual Required Contribution (ARC) Interest on Beginning Net OPEB Obligation Adjustment to Annual Required Contribution* Total Annual OPEB Cost (AOC) $0 $4,798,081 So So $4,798,081 Projected Annual Change to Fiscal Year Annual OPEB Cost Net OPEB EndinR OPEB Cost Contributed Obligation December 31, 2008 $4,798,081 $1,283,743 $3,514,338 * Reflects amortization charge of beginning Net OPEB Obligation (NO0) already included in ARC. CHERNOFF DIAI"IOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EM PLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Projected December 31, 2008 Net OPEB Obligation (NOO) Based on the Annual OPEB Cost developed above, the following is the projected December 31, 2008 Net OPEB Obligation (NOO): Net OPEB Obligation (NOO) January 1, 2008* Annual OPEB Cost (AOC) Expected Premium Payments Expected December 31, 2008 Net OPEB Obligation (NO0) $0 $4,798,081 $1,283,743 $3,514,338 * Assumes the accounting standard is first adopted for the 2008 Fiscal Year. Required Supplementary Information Below is the projected schedule of funding progress: Actuarial Accrued Unfunded Actuarial Liability- Actuarial UAAL as % of Valuation Value of Projected Unit Accrued Liability Funded Covered Covered Date Assets Credit (UAAL) Ratio Payroll Payroll (a) (b) (b) (a) (a)/(b) (c) [(b)-(a)]/(¢) January 1, 2008 $0 $45,806,260 $45,806,260 0.00% $13,830,871 331.19% 7 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Annual payments expected based on assumptions and contributions detailed in the Methods and Assumptions Section. 31-Dec-08 $1,283,743 31-Dec-21 $3,038,032 31-Dec-09 $1,282,372 3~.-Dec-22 ~3,:176,369 31-Dec-10 $1,426,422 31-Dec-23 $3,373,719 31-Dec-ll $:1.,528,583 3~.-Dec-24 $3,609,239 31-Dec-12 $1,678,673 31-Dec-25 $3,815,67~. 31-Dec-13 $1,784,073 3~.-Dec-26 ~4,039,896 3:1-Dec-14 $1,907,656 3~.-Dec-27 $4,284,985 31-Oec-15 $2,014,906 3:1-Dec-28 $4,455,867 3/.-Dec-16 $2~,:173,346 31-Dec-29 $4,602,513 31-Dec-17 $2,321,547 31-Dec-30 $4,781,418 31-Dec-18 $2,526,171 31-Dec-31 $4,905,730 31-Dec-19 $2,709,642 31-Dec-32 $5,070,403 31-Dec-20 $2,885,385 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Results in this report are based on a 4.50% discount rate. This rate was selected based on the long-term expected returns on funds available to pay for retiree benefits. The following shows the impact of a 0.5% increase and a 0.5% decrease in the discount rate (i.e. discount rate increase/(decrease) to 5%/4%). Impact of 0.5% Increase/(Deerease) Present Value of Projected Benefits $68,354,763 $62,151,915 $76,528,621 Actuarial Accrued Liability $45,806,260 $42,378,905 $50,150,108 Assets $0 $0 $01 Unfunded Actuarial Accrued I_iability $45,806,260 $42,378,905 $50,150,108 Normal Cost $1,900,444 ,51,694,526 ,52,177,358 Unfunded Accrued Liability $2,691,021 52,625,532 $2,788,640 Amortization Interest to June 30, 2009 .5206,616 $216,003 $198,640 Annual Required Contribution (ARC) ,54,798,081 $4,536,061 ,55,164,638 9 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION The following table summarizes active, deferred vested, surviving spouse and retiree demographic information. Actives 205 N/A Deferred Vested 0 N/A Retirees 83 84 Surviving Spouses 1~3 N/A Total 30! 84 Note: Data was provided by the Town as of December 2007. 10 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Eligibility for Benefits For Police: · 20 years of service with Town of Southold. For Non-Police participants: ,~ Age 55 and at least 10 years of service with Town of Southold. (note that 30 years of service is required for unreduced pension benefits) Or, · Age 62 and at least 10 years of service with Town of Southold. Health Benefits Medical Only. Provided: Retiree Contributions: 0% Medicare Part B Full reimbursement on basic premium plus income-Related Premium: adjustment. Dependent Survivor Surviving spouses of deceased retirees may continue Policy: covera§e by paying the "premium equivalent" for participants. They are also entitled to Medicare part B premium reimbursement (includin§ Income-Related adjustment). 11 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Actuarial Method Projected Unit Credit Cost Method Normal Cost Determined for each active employee as the Actuarial Present Value of benefits allocated to the valuation year. The benefit attributed to the valuation year is that incremental portion of the total projected benefit earned during the year in accordance with the plan's benefit formula. This allocation is based on each individual's service between date of hire and date of full benefit eligibility. Discount Rate 4.50% compounded annually Mortality In accordance with sample rates as follows: Pre-Retirement * Mortality Rates For PFRS Members Post-Retirement Mortality Rates For PFRS Members ~_I.[- :~[~I~ lglFI ~ :tl [1~"4 i [-I lr:~l[~,l, ~]1~1~ ['~ 25 0.0090% 0.0510% 0.0340% 0.0462% 30 0.0090% 0.0510% 0.0389% 0.0462% 35 0.0090% 0.0550% 0.0521% 0.0462% 40 0.0090% 0.0550% 0.0821% 0.2565% 45 0.0090% 0.0890% 0.1700% 0.1374% 50 0.0090% 0.1340% 0.2594% 0.3945% 55 0.0040% 0.2710% 0.4611% 0.5140% 60 0.0040% 0.7390% 0.6976% 1.1909% 65 0.0040% 1.0840% 1.0898% 1.7859% 70 0.0000% 0.0000% 1.8828% 2.5524% 75 3.3320% 4,3840% 80 5.4210% 7.9827% 85 8.7395% 12.4946% 90 14.7447% 17.9390% 95 22.0827% 23.3834% 100 26,9788% 28.8278% Accidental mortality and regular mortality (all other) were combined to determine overall mortality rates. 12 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Pre-Retirement Mortality Rates For ERS Members Post-Retirement Mortality Rates For ERS Members Healthy Disabled 25 0.0236% 0.0215% 0.0661% 0.0351% 30 0.0428% 0.0262% 0.0801% 0.0478% 5.6321% 3.5637% 35 0.0503% 0.0284% 0.0851% 0.0709% 9.0672% 3.8534% 40 0.0518% 0.0349% 0.1072% 0.0973% 13.0245% 4.6104% 45 0.0968% 0.0602% 0.1578% 0.1428% 9.1650% 6.4048% 50 0.1326% 0.0818% 0.2579% 0.2294% 8.2193% 6.3152% 55 0.1614% 0.1107% 0.4249% 0.4010% 5.3000% 4.3853% 60 0.1771% 0,1331% 0.6624% 0,5525% 3.2348% 2.9140% 65 0.2494% 0.1597% 1.0827% 0.7799% 4.1424% 2.3710% 70 0.5544% 0.2704% 1.8241% 1.2021% 4.0789% 3.4001% 75 3.0325% 2.0184% 4.6658% 4.4128% 80 5.3926% 3.5874% 5.3926% 6.2387% 85 9.2780% 6.5684% 9.2780% 8.1540% 90 15,7604% 12.2460% 15.7604% 12.2460% 95 25.1313% 20.9552% 25.1313% 20.9552% 100 38.3158% 35.9090% 38.3158% 35.9090% Turnover Sample rates are as follows: For PFRS Members 0-.99 7.955% 9-9.99 0.875% 1-1.99 5.009% 10-10.99 0.726% 2-2.99 3.084% 11-11.99 0.590% 3-3.99 2.050% 12-12.99 0.509% 4-4.99 1.555% 13-13.99 0.451% 5-5.99 1.295% 14-14.99 0.386% 6-6.99 1.135% 15-15.99 0.327% 7-7.99 1.047% 16-16.99 0.268% 8-8.99 0.987% 17 or greater 0.223% 13 CHERNOFF DIAF1ONE) TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Years of Service Age <._~2 2-2.99 3-3.99 4-4.99 5-9.99 >=10 15 16.960% 10.868% 8.421% 7.517% 7.088% 3.252% 20 16.960% 10.868% 8.421% 7.517% 7.088% 3.252% 25 16.510% 13.088% 9.330% 7.614% 6.826% 3.252% 30 15.074% :!.2.067% 9.056% 8.130% 5.776% 3.113% 35 13.128% 9.823% 7.479% 6.909% 5.382% 2.692% 40 :1_1.937% 8.036% 6.227% 5.675% 4.406% 2.198% 45 :1_1.360% 7.289% 5.583% 5.050% 3.741% 1.805% 50 11.155% 6.936% 5.231% 4.640% 3.473% 1.360% 55 10.819% 6.852% 5.307% 4.418% 3.326% 1.188% Retirement Rates Sample Rates of Retirement are as follows: Years of PFRS PFRS Service Tier 1' Tier 2* 20 7.322% 7.322% 21 7.073% 7.073% 22 8.349% 8.349% 23 5.671% 5.671% 24 5.058% 5.058% 25 8.781% 8.781% 26 8.084% 8.084% 27 10.850% 10.850% 28 13.515% 13.515% 29 15.451% 36.241% 30 18.469% 30.508% Years of PFRS PFRS Service Tier1* Tier2* 31 18.469% 18.469% 32 18,469% 18.469% 33 18.469% 18.469% 34 18.469% 18.469% 35 18.469% 18.469% 36 18.469% 18.469% 37 18.469% 18.469% 38 18.469% 18.469% 39 18.469% 18.469% 40 100.000% 100.000% Tier 1' Year of Service Age <20 20-29.999 >=30 55 14.087% 21.760% 38.944% 60 12.185% 17.497% 24.040% 65 27.247% 31.101% 27.759% 70 100.000% 100.000% 100.000% Tier 2* Year of Service <20 20-29.999 >=30 5.368% 8.827% 28.216% 6.412% 11.768% 23.707% 19,902% 31.101% 27.759% 100.000% 100.000% 100.000% * Tier 1 - Hired before 7/1/1973, Tier 2 - Hired on or after 7/1/1973 14 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Disability Sample Disability Rates are as follows: Disability For ERS Members Disability For PFRS Members 30 0.0016% 0.0018% 35 0.0099% 0.0138% 40 0.0255% 0.0299% 45 0.0744% 0.0602% 50 0.1751% 0.1283% 55 0.0000% 0.0000% 25 0.137% 0.040% 30 0.137% 0.040% 35 0.327% 0.040% 40 0.506% 0.044% 45 0.625% 0.051% 50 0.677% 0.072% 55 0.712% 0.300% 60 0.780% 0.720% 65 1.001% 1.043% 70 0.000% 0.000% Health Care Trend Rate Trend Assumption 2008/2009 10.0% ~2.0~% 2009/2010 9.0% ; 11.0% 20:].0/2011 8Z)% 10X)% 2011/2012 ~:0~ [ 933% 2012/2013 6.0% 8.0% 2014/2015 5~)% 6.0% Thereafter 5.0% 5.0% 15 CHERNOFF DIANIOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Percent Married It is assumed that 65% of current male employees and 40% of current female employees are married. Benefits for a spouse and dependants cease upon the death of the retired employee. Spousal/Dependent age difference for current employees Female spouses are assumed to be 3 years younger. Male spouses are assumed to be 3 years older. Retiree premiums Based upon the coverage elected by the Town and applicable premium rates provided by the New York State Department of Civil Service in accordance with the New York State Employees Health Insurance Program. All Towns are community rated and therefore unadjusted premiums were used in accordance with Paragraph 66 of The Implementation Guide for GASB 45. Below is a summary of the 2007 trended premiums used in the projection of premiums for 2008/2009 Fiscal Year and beyond: Individual - Non-Medicare Family - Non-Medicare Individual - Medicare Family - ! Medicare Member $7,~3! $5,777 ~15,126 ~14,155 54,223 i 53,079 $~ 58,856 i~ $6,~5s Family - 2 or More Medicare Members 45 5O 55 6O 65 7O 54,771 $9,542 55,393 $1o,786 56,301 512,602 t 57,495 514,990 53,488 56,976 53,972 57,944 Average Medicare Part B premium with Income-Related Adjustment: $1,209 16 CHERNOFF DIAMOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Accrued Service. The service credited under the plan, which was rendered before the date of the actuarial valuation. Actuarial Accrued Liability (AAL). The difference between (i) the actuarial present value of future plan benefits; and (ii) the actuarial present value of future normal cost, which is sometimes referred to as "accrued liability" or "past service liability." Actuarial Assumptions. Estimates of future plan experience with respect to rates of mortality, disability, turnover, retirement, rate or rates of investment income and salary increases. Decrement assumptions (rates of mortality, disability, turnover, and retirement) are generally based on past experience, often modified for projected changes in conditions. Economic assumptions (salary increases and investment income) consist of an underlying rate in an inflation-free environment plus a provision for a long-term average rate of inflation. Actuarial Cost Method. A mathematical budgeting procedure for allocating the dollar amount of the "actuarial present value of future plan benefits" between the actuarial present value of future normal cost and the actuarial accrued liability. Sometimes referred to as the "actuarial funding method." Actuarial Present Value. The amount of funds presently required to provide a payment or series of payments in the future. It is determined by discounting the future payments at a predetermined rate of interest, taking into account the probability of payment. Actuarial Value of Assets. The value of cash, investments, and other property belonging to a pension or OPEB plan, as used by the actuary for the purpose of an actuarial valuation. Aggregate Actuarial Cost Method. A method under which the excess of actuarial present value of projected benefits of the group included in the actuarial valuation over the Actuarial Value of Assets is allocated on a level basis over the earnings or service of the individual between the valuation date and assumed exit. The portion of this actuarial present value allocated to a valuation year is called the normal cost. Amortization. Paying off an interest-bearing liability by means of periodic payments of interest and principal, as opposed to paying it off with a lump sum payment. Annual OPEB Cost (AOC). An accrual-basis measure of the periodic cost of an employer's participation in a defined OPEB plan. 17 TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Annual Required Contribution (ARC). The ARC is the normal cost plus the portion of the unfunded actuarial accrued liability to be amortized in the current period. The ARC is an amount is actuarially determined in accordance with the requirements so that, if paid on an ongoing basis, it would be expected to provide sufficient resources to fund both the normal cost for each year and the amortized unfunded liability. Discount Rate, The rate used to adjust a series of future payments to reflect the time value of money. Entry-Age Normal Cost Actuarial Method. A method under which the actuarial present value of projected benefits of each individual included in the actuarial valuation is allocated on a level basis over the earnings or service of the individual between entry age and assumed exit age{s). The portion of this actuarial present value allocated to a valuation year is called the normal cost. Expected Net Employer Contributions. The difference between the age-adjusted premium or expected retiree healthcare claims and retired member's share of the premium. This amount is used to offset the Annual OPEB Cost during the fiscal year. Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). GASB is the private, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that works to create and improve the rules U.S. state and local governments follow when accounting for their finances and reporting them to the public. Medical Trend Rate (Health Inflation). The increase in the plan's cost over time. Trend includes all elements that may influence a plan's cost, assuming those enrollments and the plan benefits do not change. Trend includes such elements as pure price inflation, changes in utilization, advances in medical technology, and cost shifting. Net OPEB Obligation (NO0). An accounting liability when an employer doesn't fully fund the ARC. Normal Cost. The annual cost assigned, under the actuarial funding method, to current and subsequent plan years. Sometimes referred to as "current service cost." Any payment toward the unfunded actuarial accrued liability is not part of the normal cost. Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB), OPEB are post employment benefits other than pensions. OPEB generally takes the form of health insurance and dental, vision, prescription drugs or other healthcare benefits. 18 CHERNOFF DIA~'IOND TOWN OF SOUTHOLD POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSION ACTUARIAL VALUATION Present Value of all Projected Benefits. The present value of the cost to finance benefits payable in the future, discounted to reflect the expected effects of the time value of money and the probabilities of payment. Pre~funding. A method of financing benefits by placing resources in trust as employees earn benefits so that the resources thus accumulated, along with related earnings, can be used to make benefit payments as they become due. Projected Unit Credit Cost Method. A method under which the actuarial present value of projected benefits of each individual included in the actuarial valuation are allocated based on each individual's service between date of hire and date of full benefit eligibility. The benefit attributed to the valuation year is that incremental portion of the total projected benefit earned during the year in accordance with the pran's benefit formula. Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability (UAAL). The difference between the actuarial accrued liability and valuation assets. Sometimes referred to as "unfunded accrued liability." Valuation Assets. The value of current plan assets recognized for valuation purposes. 19 CHERNOFF DIANOND