HomeMy WebLinkAboutCultural Resources on the Edson Property Fishers Island
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CULTURAL RESOURCES ON THE EDSON PROPERTY
Fishers Island. New York:
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a Cultural Resource _Assessment
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bv
Dr. John Pfeiffer
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CULTURAL RESOURCES ON THE EDSON PROPERTY
Fishers Island. New York:
a Cui tural__Resource._.Assessment
bv Dr. John Pfeiffer
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Contents
PLlrpose
Introductlon
Methods
Wall!.l ng SLIY"VeV
Documentarv and Informant
Evidence
Archaeological Testing
I nterpretatl on
Recommendations
Concluslons
Bi bl i ogr'iilphy
Appendl)-(
Map of Fishers Island
Map of subdivision. Lots
Map with Corridors. Test Pits
Map with identified Cultural Resources
Test Pit Data Sheets
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2-:",
4-5
6
7-13
14,,-15
16-l'?
18-19
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2:2
:.:~3
24
25
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27-'-76
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Purpose
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A Cultural Resource Assessment is a survev of the
variOUS kinds of historic and prehistoric components within a
specific parcel of land. J~ISt as there are various complex
parts to the biotic environment there are equally significant
aspects that correspond to O~lr cui t~lral heri tage that remai n
poorly understood without the aid of directed research.
The purpose of this archival and archaeological study 15
to have a complete understanding of the various historic and
prehistoric attributes of the parcel. This cultural resource
assessment should be initiated at the planning level to match
future land use with the particular environmental and
historical characteristics. Land development should be
guided by this kind of study permitting the plan to
articulate with the best that the land has to offer.
The steps to discover such "sites" or places of past
human activitv involve archival research, informant
discussion, and field reconnaissance. Limited subsurface
archaeological excavation or testing is part of this
procedure. However, the technique of archaeology is employed
at this level only to separate cultural from natural
phenomena. A later more comprehensive archaeological
approach may be warranted if this initial survey identifies
specific significant components.
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...
Introduction
The Edson parcel is a tract of land located on the
northwestern shore of West Har"bor on Fi shers Isl and, New
York. The size of the parcel is 6.7 acres and three lots
and house sites are planned. One of the houses was built
prior to consideration of subdivision in 1958 by Albert
Ferguson. Today this house and corresponding lot are at the
northern and central region of the proposed subdivision (see
Map in appendix).
The topography of the par"cel is var" i ed and shows great
diversity across short distances. The extreme eastern and
southern peripheries are shore 1 ine and ar'e characterized by
exposed glacial till formation and beach sand. The southern
portion of the Edson property beyond the shore is a flat and
low wetland that has been formed by rising sea-level and a
resul tant perched water tabl e. The 1 and ri ses sharpl y upwar"d
from the wetland to the northeast however makes the ascent to
the north and northwest in a series of steps. The northern
part of the parcel flattens out at an elevation of 45 feet.
The glacial derivation of the entire island is a most
important characteristic. Fishers Island is a terminal end
moraine formed during the final stages of the Wisconsinin
glacial period and is therefore dotted with kettle ponds and
erratic boulders. Glacial features not onlv abound on the
land but also are significantlv seen on the shore line bluffs
and beaches. Large kettles along the shore line have been
breached bv sea-level rise and have become prominent
embavments. West harbor is one such kettle or a series of
kettles that were breached probablv three to four thousand
years ago as indicated by peat samples taken from various
shore 1 ine marshes (F~lnk and Pfeiffer 1988).
Soil formation in the area is relativelv thin and the
entire island's regolith was glacially derived. On the Edson
property slope has played a particular role in secondary
movement and subsequent accumulation of finer materials.
Soils are generally thicker toward the base of slopes and
thinner on toward the top. Flat areas where gravity movement
has had less effect reveals a deposit of topSOil, underlying
subsoil, and glacial till. Bedrock lies hundreds of feet
beneath the surface and the onlv rocks that are apparent are
those that were transported by the glacier and left strewn
over the surface. Several of these are evidenced on the
western portion of the property.
The vegetative growth covering the Edson property poses
a major impediment to archaeological testing and analysis.
The predominant ground cover 1S a tenacious vine known as
bittersweet. Combined with poison ivy, bull briar, stunted
black cherrv, sumac, and larger black oak a hazardous thorny
thick mat covers potential archaeological sites. To curb the
encroaching vegetation the areas directly to the east and
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southeast of the late 1950's Dillon-Edson house have been
repeatedly burned off, cleared, and mowed. Today stubbly
grass, poison ivy, and bittersweet are once again moving into
this area. However, this region of the parcel does not pose
an impenetrable barrier to archaeological field study.
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Mett10ds
The cultural resource assessment of the Edson property
as noted in the purpose section employed an archival,
informant, and a field oriented strategy. This approach
has permitted a historic and prehistoric reconstruction of
past land use.
The archival search relating to the historic period was
undertaken through the review of primary records in the town
of Riverhead on Long Island. Other relevant data were
derived from the e>:amination of the Winthrop Papers, and the
Joshua Hempstead diary and secondary histories. Published
references to the specific prehistoric site on this property
known as "Hawk's Nest" were made by Broiggs 1976~ F~tnk and
Pfeiffer 1988. Informant information was also gathered from
Rick Ahman who grew ~Ip adjacent the Edson property.
The field component to the study involved an initial
walking survey that identified specific culturally derived
formations. Such features as an historic and subtle stone
wall and road, a quarry site, and a prehistoric shell midden
with surface evidence of sporadic ~Incontrolled "pot-h~lnting"
could be seen.
The subsurface testing approach was to e>:cavate a series
of test pits along a corridor or transect. Twenty such N/S
corridors or transects were laid O~lt across the entiroe area
of property e>:cluding the wetland and its immediate
surrounding area. Test pits were then dug at indices of
north-south and east-west corridors that had been manually
cleared to permit line of sight and facilitate proper
e>:cavati on. All s~lbs~lrface matri>: was screened through 1/4
inch mesh and cultural material collected. Depth and strata
were recorded as well as artifact association. Slope of the
surrounding ground, drainage characteristics of the soil, and
possible disturbances were noted.
Si>:ty three 16"X 16" (40cm) units were placed in the 4~
acre study area at 60 foot N/S intervals and 40 foot E/W
intervals. This particular spacing was determined by design
elements on the specific parcel. The spacing was consistent
across the parcel and an average 15.75 test pits per acre
were e>:cavated on the Edson property..
When a series of adjOining test pits showed positive
returns intermediate pits were excavated to test the
potential "pattern". This strategy served as an approach
toward checking the results derived from the test pitting
procedure. If the e>:istence of a site was confirmed this
checking also aided in more accurately defining the spatial
limits of the component. Simultaneously this approach had
the potential of more efficiently guiding the development
plan.
The overall research design that incorporated archival,
informant, walking and subsurface survey has facilitated the
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formation of appropriate recommendations whose purpose is the
management of the on site cultural resources. These
recommendations are located at the end of this report.
The results of each test pit has been recorded on data
sheets. Information pertaining to the discoveries made are
discussed in the archaeological testing and interpretation
section. The undigested data are in the appendix section
on a test pit by test pit basis.
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Wal ~(i ng SLlrvey
The walking sLlrvey and the carving throLlgh the
LlnderbrLlsh for the N/S and E/W corridors revealed visLlal
evidence of three specific cLlltLlral featLlres on the Edson
property. Two related to historic activity and the third
was the prehistoric shell midden or ref Lise dLlmps.
The historic featLlres were discovered on planned hOLlse
site and lot #2. The first was a stone lined road at the
crest of the steep grade rLlnning from MLlnnatawket Road on the
sOLlthwestern corner of the Edson parcel toward the north
accessing the second historic featLlre. This was a qLlarry
site where mid-nineteenth cent~lry stone cLltting activity had
taken place.
Since there are no lsland bedrock oLltcrops, cLlt and
sq~lared off b~lilding stone either had to be transported in
from the mainland or local glacial erratics were split Llsing
star drill holes and feather and wedges. This stone cLltting
technology appears on the mainland after 1840 and replaces an
earlier mode of c~\tting wher'e a series of large flat wedges
are driven into stone. Marks left in the stone from this
approach to cLltting are flat and wedge-shaped. The cLltting
marks of the feather and wedge techniqLle are shallow parallel
sided rOLlnd holes and are very different from the earlier
style. It is interesting to note that while the feather and
wedge techniqLle is still in Lise, by the 1860's pneLlmatic
drilling became more commercially viable and the resLllting
marks left in the CLlt stone once again change. PneLlmatic
drilling leaves deeper and larger diameter holes. Many of
the Fishers Island breakwater jetties are bLlilt from
pneLlmatically drilled and CLlt stone and relate to the later
half of the nineteenth centLlry.
The prehistoric featLlre was located toward the base of
the steep hill adjacent and predominantly east of the
wetland. The visible evidence of this was weathered shell on
the sLlrface of the midden that Henry FergLlson and Harold
Baker dLlg in the 1930's and 1940's and FLink and Pfeiffer
(1988) more recently investigated. While shell was visible
there was also a sporadic qLlartz chip, clear evidence of a
prehistoric association and small fr'agments of bone.
While there were only these specific featLlres noted in
the walking sLlrvey, several chips were fOLlnd on exposed and
wind blown sLlrfaces on the eastern slope on lot # 3. These
were 40-50 feet below the area where the proposed hOLlse is to
be bLlilt and while these sLlggest the general presence of a
prehistoric Native American component no other artifacts or
sLlrface featLlres indicated any sLlbstantial concentration in
the immediate area.
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Documentary and Informant Search
The kind of written records that are useful in putting
together the documented historic past can be divided into
several categories. The first relate to public primary
materials s~lch as land, probate, ta)I, treasurer, and census
records. Less well known and more difficult to access are
private ledgers or "day books", family papers including
bibles, and diaries or journals. These first hand documents
are valuable sources of past happenings. The final category
of document are secondhand, non eye-witness, reports such as
newspaper art.icles and histor'ies. These so~\rces are
important forms of documentation but need to be considered
from the particular perspective and purpose of their writer.
While the survey of this particular parcel of land
involved the review of specific public documents, it is also
necessary to have an appreciation of the past social,
economic, technological, and ideological aspects of the
entire island and the adjacent mainland shore. Only from
this perspective can this parcel's historic place be properly
~Inderstood .
One aspect that makes the histor'ic changes on the island
specifically difficult to put together is that during the
entire 225 years of Winthrop control there are no public
records indicating island development. Everything was
internal to the family and Fishers Island. Since this
activity was between family members within established family
holdings, no public record was necessary. The best
documentation that we have are the Winthrop Papers. These
are very important documents, however, they only tangentially
refer to Fishers Island. Other diaries and colonial acts
give some information about Island activity however such try
the skill and interpretative powers of the researcher.
Fishers Island probably derived its name from the first
mate aboard the Onrust, a Dutch vessel captained by Adrian
Block in 1611. At that time there was an indigenous
population of Native Americans who were culturally tied to
resident groups living along the Connecticut shore, Long
Island, as well as the adjacent islands.
Their tribal affiliation has traditionally been applied
by historians as being "Peq~\ot" (DeForest, 1851>. Yet, the
term tribe may not be very applicable in the case of southern
New England Native American social organization and
convincing evidence can be shown that suggests Nehantic,
Mohegan, and probably Montauk connections as well. The most
appropriate and historically correct answer to the
affiliation of Native peoples residing on Fishers Island and
for that matter most of Southeastern New England between what
is today New Haven and Rhode Island is that they were all
part of an interrelated population that shared the same
language, marriage practices, teChnology, economy, and
religious beliefs. For all intents and purposes they were
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the same culture.
While the English were the first to establish a
settlement in the region under the governorship of John
Winthrop Jr. earlier contacts between Europeans and Native
Amer i cans ~lndoubted 1 y occurred in the preced i ng 75 to 80
years. There is substantial archaeological evidence of 16th
century interaction between Europeans and Native peoples on
Fishers Island.
The seat of the governor was in "New London" or as
referred to in the 1630's as the Pequot Colony. John
Winthrop Jr. maintained a "plantation" (the term refers to a
settlement) on Fishers Island. Lady Fenwick from the
Saybrook Colony and Lady Winthrop met on the island at least
once with their corresponding husbands in the early 1640's.
It would appear that there was at that time a Fishers Island
dwelling house suitable for entertaining noble English
P~lri tans (Fenwi ck correspondence, Saybrook Hi stori COIl
Society) .
During this same period it is also apparent that
Winthrop had several "Pequot" slaves including Robin
Cassisinomon working on the island. From Thomas Minor's
diary we know that Fishers was being used as a stockyard for
swine and sheep. Islands were preferred since the animals
could not wander off the island and the wolf population had
been successfully eliminated and thus the threat to livestock
removed. While these activities are consistent with the
concept of a Winthrop family run plantation, I suspect that
the island was never a full time residence for the family but
there were i 501 and managers watchi ng over 'fami 1 y interests.
This view is supported by various Hempstead references to
Fishers Island. Joshua Hempstead during the early 1700's
made frequent visits to the island for hunting, marine
salvage purposes, and sheep shearing and stayed in several
island homes. These were the residence of island or
pi antati on managers both located on the nor-ther-nwester'n and
northeaster-n shor-e. The western island access was either- at
Hay Harbor or- West Harbor and probably the region around the
Fo>: mansi on was the si te of one dwell i ng. I suspect that a
second location on the island where 18th centur-y activity was
center-ed was near- the Chocomount Cove area. Hempstead
tr-avelled by boat fr-om at least two different wharves on the
island.
In 1690 the Fr-ench burned all dwellings on the island,
not just the Winthrop's, and while the English style houses
wer-e being rebuilt the residents dwelled in Indian wigwams
constr~lcted by the Indians (Winthr"op Papers). These were
most likely the Indians who wer-e attached to the Winthrops as
slaves, serving as plantation workers, and domestic hands.
The colonial records suggest that the relationship between
John Winthrop and the Indian slaves had been quite good since
the mid 1600's. Winthrop acted on their behalf before the
Colonial Assembly to allow them to set up a village under the
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English in Nameag or what is today Noank. These Indians had
previously been living in Nehanticut, now known as Niantic,
and were both Pequot refugees and Nehantics. They took up
their new residence with the English at Nameag and later
became what is known as the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe. <This
entire designation was a colonial construct and not an
indigenous Native Amer"ican concept.) Some of these people
were in servitude to the Winthrops and a pattern of continued
English employment of these people existed well into the 19th
century. The wigwams that were built for the burned out
island residents probably were constructed by these Native
Ameri cans.
During the mid 17th century Fishers Island had a
resident family documented to be heaVily involved in the
African slave trade. The M~lmfords had a farm on Fishers
Island and had access to a great many slaves and amassed a
"gang" p~lrported to be over 300 individ~\als that was hired or'
lent out to various farmers on the mainland for land clearing
(Bingham, 1978). Robinson Mumford of Fishers Island was the
steward on board a slave ship and purchased Venture Smith in
1751. Venture Smi th was abd~\c:ted from Our kana West Afri ca
and was the son of the ruling chief. Venture marr"ied Meg, a
domestic slave of Robinson Mumford. After his marriage,
Venture was sold to Thomas Stanton and then passed to Capt.
Oli ver Smi th of Stoni ngton from whom he bO~lght hi s freedom in
1765. Venture returned to Fishers Island and purchased Meg
and his family's freedom. He and Meg settled on Fishers
Island and later moved to East Haddam (Brown and Rose).
It is clear that the Mumfords were importing slaves into
New London and were an i mpor"tant part of the market that
brought to the county the dubious distinction of the highest
population of slaves in the entire American Colony prior to
the Revol~ltion.
In the early 1760's Ezra Stiles visited Fishers Island,
drew a map, and noted that there were deer, sheep that he
referred to as "critters", a treeless eastern half of the
iSland, and only one house on the entire island. This he
located in the vicinity if the present Fox Mansion.
At the beg i nn i ng of the Revol ~Iti on the Br i ti sh burned
and raided the island. They removed nearly 3000 sheep. The
foll owi ng year they returned and took near"l y the same number.
This indicates that there must have been a sizable herd of
"critters" as Stiles observed. The interest that Fishers
Island had for the British in 1776 also suggests the
importance of the island's strategic position in controlling
the eastern entrance to the Long Island Sound as well as the
Thames River.
This importance did not go unnoticed by the American
authorities and Colonel Ledyard and Saltonstall were
commissioned to go to Fishers Island and construct a suitable
building and make bricks in early 1777 (Connecticut Colonial
Records). The building I suspect is the house currently
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owned by Chip Dupont in the brick yard section on the north
shore of the island. The house is certainly one of the
oldest continuously standing structures on the island and
documents both the military significance of the island and
the growing importance of brick making.
Therefore the predominant island activity of the 17th
and 18th century centered around farming and livestock. This
was punctuated by several incidents of raiding by warring
powers with maritime and military interests.
The nineteenth century was a more quiet time. However,
commercial brick making became increasingly the island's
primary activity. Agriculture was still undertaken but its
val Lie was certai nl y secondary. There were two epi sodes
during the 19th century that related to American war. In the
War of 1812 the British made a concerted assault against the
American privateer fleet. After their early 1814 spring
assault against the privateer fleet in Essex in which the
American cause suffered its greatest financial loss, the
English off-loaded their informant spy on Fishers Island
They obviously had free run of the Sound and the entrance.
The island remained a Winthrop family holding until
1863, I'lhen the Winthrop heirs sold Fishers Island for $55,000
to Robert Fox (FILR 321/162, 1212/186~;). The Foxes
attempted to bring back island animal husbandry, however,
could not make it into a successful enterprise. While
Fishers was in the Foxes' hands they transferred parts of the
western end of the island to private individuals. Thus began
public documentation for the transfer and distribution of
island land.
In all likelihood many of these sales were to families
who had been residents of the island for generations and had
private arrangements with the Winthrops. The documentation
only puts in writing what had been in practice as mutual
understanding for many years. A review of the 1810-1850
census records show many families other than the Winthrops
residing on the Island. Recent archaeology on the Hedges
site revealed a domestic trash pit that dated to the first
half of the 19th century. Potentially this was from a nearby
residence. Informant discussion indicated that there had
been a old house adjacent the Hedges house. Was this one of
the earlier non Winthrop dwellings on West Harbor?
The major part of Fishers Island that remained in the
Fo>: family was sold to the Fergusons in 1889 for $250,000
(FILR 321/185, 7/19/1889) Soon thereafter there was more
subdivision in the western end of the island around Hay and
West Harbor. With what had been sold by the Foxes and the
subsequently the Fergusons, 110 parcels were carved out of
the western end.
At the tLlr'n of the cenhlry began another important
development for the island. This was the beginning of the
"Endicot System" or the Coastal Defense System that attempted
to secure the vulnerable ports all along our shores from
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invasion and naval attack. This initially was a response to
the Spanish American War bLlt was Llpgraded during the 1st and
2nd World Wars. The fortification of the western tip of land
overlooking the entrance to the sound was known as Fort H.G.
Wri ght.
The 110 parcels at the west end of the island were
the foothold for the Hotel development which flourished on
the island as well as the mainland between the 1890's and
1920's. Such development was the outgrowth of the industrial
revolution, a resulting mechanized and stressed society, and
the need for resorts where one cOLIld take refLlge.
The archi tecture of the peroi od al so stressed the need
for individual and family identity and the contemporary adage
was that your home was your castle. Victorian style
buildings gave the impression of castles and gave to their
residents a safe retreat from the worker's fate of being
swallowed up by the mechanized world. The resort hotels and
"mansion cottages" some of which were located immediately
north as well as a little west of the Edson property were
imposing structures that were artifacts of this particular
cultural environment.
The documents relating to the Edson property indicate
that it was never bui 1 t Llpon and was "Llni mproved" at I east
after the time when the Winthrops sold the island. The
property was not part of the 110 parcels even though it
borders some of them and appears to have been grazing and
pasture land for the Fishers Island Farms Inc., a Ferguson
owned and operated corporation (FILR 1000/333, 12/27/1918).
According to Charl.es Ferguson the parcel was plowed from time
to time. This may have been done to improve the hay or grass
crop however the by-product was to inevitably cause gravity
movement of the topsoil and erosion.
The parcel was never broken off the Fishers Island
Farms, Inc. holdings until 1957 when it was sold to William
and Beatrice Campbell (FILR 4410/591, 12/31/1957>. In this
document the parcel was described as unimproved land however
the deed indicated where building could be done. In 1958 a
pre-cut and built house was erected on the property by
"Albert Ferguson" on tract "D" (personal communications,
Charles Ferguson and Mrs. Ahman). The exact relationship
between Mr. Fergl.lson and the Campbells is Llnclear however,
it appears that he was the main owner of Fishers Island
Farms, Inc. which had recently changed its name to West End
Land Company (FILR 4085/9, 12/31/1955).
In 1961 the l.and was sold back to West End Land Co. by
the Campbells (FILR 5101/430, 11/14/1961). The parcel was
held by this company until 1966 when the Fishers Island
Utility Co. acquired it (FILR 5973/20, 6/6/1966). (There
apparently was considerable overlap in ownership of these
two companies.) There an:! several covenants or restrictions
mentioned in this deed that refer to subsequent building. "No
additional dwelling shall be erected on parcel 0 or E east
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and west. No building shall exceed 14' in height above
natural grade." [Such restrictions need to be addressed
and cleared before the presentation of "new" plans are made
to various local and state commissions. The minor
subdivision plans dated (12/11/1992) and prepared by
Chandler, Palmer, and King of Norwich, Ct. must either
accommodate restrictions noted within the 1966 deed or there
must be a document clearing such covenants.]
In 1966 Fishers Island Utility sold the parcel to Thomas
and Edith Dillon of 4916 Indian Lane NW, Washington D.C.. The
sale included "land and buildings in three parcels" (FILR
6080/376, 11/28/1966).
Historic-Archival documentation ShOH no on site evidence
of historic features that Hould be impacted by the minor
subdivision.
Written reports concerning the pr'ehistoY"ic archaeology
of Fishers Island (Briggs, 1976) (Funk and Pfeiffer, 1988)
suggest a rich and diverse range of both habitation and
processing sites. The Henry L. Ferguson Museum holds an
exceptional collection of island artifactual materials and
has been professionally coordinated to produce a clearly
exceptional view of Island prehistory.
Research undertaken by Funk and Pfeiffer in 1985 and
1986 indicate that the prehistoric Hawk's Nest Site lies
within the Edson property and subdivision plan. The
archaeological investigation concentrated upon the known,
shell midden situated around the wetland in the southern part
of the proposed subdivision. The report (Funk and Pfeiffer,
1988:70-78) refers to this shell midden as the largest on the
island. The results of the study indicated were that there
had been significant prehistoric cultural deposits ranging in
age from the Late Woodland possibly back to the Terminal
Archaic period or for approximately the last 3000 years.
Much of the site that these investigators excavated,
especially in the eastern limits of the midden, was disturbed
by years of collecting. However, they discovered an area to
the west along the upper margins of the wetland where intact
c~llt~lra1 deposits still remained. While there were seven
hearth feahlres identified, the deep and well stratified
midden deposits that had been evident farther to the east
were not well developed and data relating to prehistoric diet
was not plentiful. Analysis of bone material indicated the
remains of large terr"estria1 mammals, porpoise, various birds
i ncl ~ldi ng goose, heron whi te-wi nged scooter, sea duck, and
fish. Artifacts associated to the site were Levanna and
triangular projectile points, fragmented ceramics vessels,
debitage (the by-product of stone tool manufacture), and fire
cracked and reddened stones. A test pi t excavated the year'
earlier (1985) in the eastern portion of the midden revealed
a Levanna point, Late Woodland ceramics and a kernel of
maize. These probably dated to after 1100 AD and show that
during this period agriculture was beginning to be employed
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13
by the Native American inhabitants of Fishers Island.
There have been two other shell middens investigated on
the island, the Sharp Site (Funk and Pfeiffer, 1988:83-89)
and the Hellier Site (or Hedges on map) excavated in May of
1993. Both of these West Harbor sites gave dramatic
information abo~l't local pr'ehistoric diet, however, they also
were disturbed to various degrees limiting their full
potential. Both sites revealed fine intact deposits relating
to the Middle Woodland pre-agr"icultural period dating between
2000 and 1000 years old. A disappointing aspect was that in
these two cases as in the Hawk's Nest Site the Late Woodland
midden deposits were either non existent or were obliterated
by di sh\rbance.
Other island sites have produced significant finds.
These sites are shown on the map of Fishers Island in the
appendi >1. A predomi nant pat tern of i sl and si te 1 ocati on has
developed. These sites are often located on the northern and
thus southern sloping plateaus overlooking ponds, kettles,
and wetlands. The southern e>lposure produces protection from
northern winds. At the Turtle Pond, Cant, and Barlow Pond
sites this is accented by occupation of areas that have an
escarpment to the back of the site. These topographic
feahlres that may act as a h\rther wi nd break. It is
important to note that the Hawk's Nest Site on the Edson
property has this identical physiographic setting.
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14
Archaeological Testing
The subsurface testing of the Edson property presented
some serious problems. While we knew from published
references and my own academically oriented investigations
that there were prehistoric resources on the property, the
exact limits were unknown. The dense vegetation that had so
limited our stLldy years before had only become more entangled
and when my team and I arrived to begin this particular field
study I must admit that my heart sank. Travelling up the
driveway toward the house I saw the bittersweet and the 10
foot poison ivy vines. Rabbits scurrying away from the truck
loaded with the various archaeological survey equipment _
clanking shovels, transits, screens, buckets, axes, and
machetes - appeared to disappear forever" into an entangled
abyss. I could not stop thinking about Uncle Remus' Br'er
Rabbit.
We took a copy of the subdivision plans and set out the
various corridor lines as discussed in the methodology
section. The establishment of the corridors on the actual
landscape was difficult. However, using several known and
established benchmarks corridors were laid out and
appropriate test pit locations were measured and flagged.
For the first two days the work centered on carving and
slashing the corridors through the underbrush running from
the top of the hill southward down toward the wetland. The
southern and western portions of the subdivision presented
the greatest challenge. As one team set up the corridors and
test pits the other team carefully proceeded to excavate and
record information.
By the third day both teams were able to work toward
the testing for the existence and determining limits of the
various kinds of cultural activity. Counts of artifactual
material were made and recorded on the map to delineate areas
on the property where finds were made. Evidence was
considered significant if the initial positive results, the
discovery of ceramics, debitage, or other cultural material
could be replicated either in the test pit, a neighboring
test pit or an intermediate corridor/line unit. This
approach indicated relevant patterns and theoretically
factored out random occurrence and probable random
prehistoric behavior.
The walking survey had indicated the existence of a
historic road as well as a quarry. Subsurface testing in the
immediate area of Test pits C-1 and C-2 (the location of
proposed house site #2) revealed no significant associated
cultural materials (Note map of subdivision and the location
of corridors and associated test pits in appendix).
The test pitting procedure identified artifactual
evidence along corridors I, J, K, L, M, and N with E/W lines
4-7 suggesting a significant pattern of prehistoric activity.
The center and most intense distribution of material was
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15
along corridor J, K, L, and M, with counts of material
trailing off both to the west and east. E/W lines appeared
to show three separate loci of prehistoric activity. Lines 4
and 5 demonstrated a habitation locus within corridors K, L,
and M. Corridor I and especially J revealed a related,
predominantly undisturbed, and very significant midden
deposit on lines 4 and 5. A third and distinctly separate
disturbed midden locus was determined in corridors K, L, M,
N, and lines 6 and 7. This "feature" corresponded to the
midden deposit identified By Briggs (1976) and Funk and
Pfeiffer (1988) but whose limits adjacent the wetland were
never completely defined.
Survey along corridors O-U and corresponding lines 2-6
generated sporadic and an apparently unpatterned distribution
of prehistoric cultural material. One exception to this was
in test pit Q-6 where a feature with a Late Woodland ceramic
fragment was discovered. An extension to this unit was
excavated to the southeast and measured 16"X 16" C40cm X
40cm). While in the original unit the feature was perceived
in a small region of the east and south walls in profile, the
extension revealed the horizontal outline of the feature.
This was noted and backfilled to permit a subsequent
appropriate method of preservation. The test units
surrounding Q-6 did not in any but one case generate positive
return. This occurred in test pit 0-5 where a basalt chip
was found in the subsoil, however, P-5 and other pits were
all negative. This suggests that there is a high probability
of what was found in test pit Q-6 was not representative of
the area and result of widespread culturally patterned
behavior in this part of the subdivision.
The regions of the subdivision that were located east
and south of the road and part of lots * 1 and #3
respectively again did not generate data suggesting a
prehistoric component. In test pit, U-4, one chip was
recovered, however, other test pits showed a disturbed soil
profile from stone breakwater and shore line rip-rap
construction. This area has been subject to periodic storm
flooding and resultant erosion. Stone has been undoubtedly
placed in this region to protect the shore line, road, and
adjacent property from washing out.
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16
Interpretation
The walking survey, document review, and archaeological
testing indicated that the parcel historically had always
been unimproved pasture land. There had been a very small
and relatively insignificant quarry activity concentrating
upon the careful splitting and cutting of one glacial erratic
during the mid 19th century. A small access road led the
workers to this particular portion of the pasture from
what is now Munnatawket and Central Avenue. Whether these
roads were any more than farmer's paths is unknown, however
the laying out of the roads on the west end is a function of
the post Fox and Ferguson erea of development.
Pr i or to the pLlrchase of Fi shers I sl and by Robert Fox
the parcel weas part of the Winthrop pleanteation established in
the early 17th century. While documents are not specific to
the Edson pearcel's leanduse during this time the informeation
sLlggests that thi s was stH 1 uni mproved. One reason that I
come to this conclusion is that this pearcel weas not one of
the 110 pearcels theat were recorded within the land records
after the Winthrop family seale. I posed that eat leeast some
of these were probeably holdings of other island residents who
head private land eagreements with the Winthrops and required
specific documentation after the family sale. Since the
Edson pearcel was not included within the 110, I suspect that
there were no buildings or claims to th. land other thean what
the Winthrops themselves had.
During the 17th and 18th century the Edson property saw
at least three episodes of foreign encroachment and raids.
The 1690 French burning of isleand buildings probeably was
initiated by a ship that had sailed into West Harbor eand
immedieately past the Edson pearcel. In the Revolutionary War
eagain the island buildings were burned eand livestock twice
looted. This probably was initieated by forces sailing
through the channel adjacent the Edson property and into West
Harbor. The Edson pearcel heas ea commeanding position over the
entrance to West Harbor, however, there is no evidence
suggesting theat it weas ever fortified, meanned, or in eany weay
involved in the defense of the island.
There is clearly evidence of rich eand significant
prehistoric: eactivity on the Edson property. The most
significant site discovered by the earchaeologiceal survey is
in the exact location of proposed house site # 3 (Note map in
appendixJ. Here there is a Late Woodleand heabiteation
component of appro>li matel y 3600 sqLlare feet. Immedi atel y to
the west of this is an eassociated refuse deposit of
eapproximately 1800 square feet. The site has evidence of
deep eand well preserved feeatures and both cereamic and lithic
artifeacts. Most importantly this habitation and midden is
the only inteact site of this period known on the isleand.
Dating of this site has been eaccomplished through
typological comparisons to known assemblages elsewhere. The
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17
Levanna projectile point found in Pit K-5 and the ceramics
found in both K-4.5 and J-4 and J-4.5 indicate a Late
Woodland cultural affinity. There should be evidence of
agriculture along with these artifacts and features. While
not usually discovered through techniques that are applied in
site survey, a more sensitive research strategy would likely
be successful in discovering cultigens. The archaeological
technique of flotation that is employed at more specialized
levels of study would certainly add much information to the
understanding of this site and Late Woodland culture on the
island and elsewhere.
The second region within the proposed Edson subdivision
that contains a cultural resource is in the vicinity of test
pit Q-6. This site is also situated on Lot # 3 but is in the
area of the proposed driveway (Note map in appendix]. The
component is probably much smaller than the one fOllnd on
house lot # 3 and previously discussed. The Q-6 feature is
most likely an isolated pit of some yet undetermined fllnction
and its cultural affinity is probably Late Woodland.
The third cultural resource defined through the
archaeological survey was the large midden located around the
margins of the wetland in lot # 3 (Note map in appendix]. In
all cases this midden lies within the 100 foot wetland
setback indicated on the subdivision plans. This cultural
feature was known prior to this survey, however, its area and
llpslope span had not been sufficiently determined. This
survey indicates that the primary deposit is approximately
5000 square feet with thinner less significant compressed
deposits extending out to the west and slightly north
encompassing another 2400 square feet. The majority of the
deposit is deep and probably multi-component, however, the
amount of undirected study probably renders much of the
midden as lost and disturbed. Yet, it is worth mention that
there are very likely small regions within the entire feature
that have not been disturbed and could potentially be
considered worthy of preservation and future study. This is
the same situation noted in other island middens that have
experienced similar random collecting.
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18
Recommendations
From the perspective of the present subdivision plans
produced by Chandler, Palmer, and King dated 12/11/92;
revised 1/27/1993; and revised 2/8/1993:
Lot * 1 has only a scatter of randomly distributed
prehistoric material and requires no further archaeological
work or restriction upon development.
Similarly Lot * 2 poses no threat to any discovered
cultural resources. Therefore, Lot # 2 is free of
significant cultural resources. Since this lot has already
been b~\i 1 t ~\pon and no OIl terati OilS are proposed, there is no
need to consider further archaeological work.
On the other hand Lot # 3 as proposed in the current
subdivision plans presents serious threats to significant
on site cultural resources and demands either 1: redesign
of the subdivision plan and avoidance or 2: further
archaeological study and salvage.
From the perspective of cultural resource management a
plan that avoids cultural resources and initiates a plan for
their long term preservation is preferable to all other
alternatives. therefore, the recommended avenue is redesign
of this subdivision plan with specific attention paid to
relocation of house # 3 to a less archaeologically sensitive
area.
This could be accomplished from the perspective of
cultural resource management in either of two ways. The
first approach would be to maintain all boundaries as they
are and relocate the house site toward the eastern boundary
of the lot. A restriction would need to be placed on the
deed for lot * 3 noting that the intact habitation and
associated Late Woodland midden constitutes a significant
cultural resource that cannot be impacted. This would
specifically indicate that there will be no subsurface
alterations that would compromise the integrity of the
resource. The surface and its vegetative cover would have
to remain ~lIlaltered. (Any land clearing where root systems
are removed would definitely disturb the cultural deposits.)
With the site restrictions noted in the deed and planning
commi ssi on records, ar'chaeol ogi COIl attenti on wo~\l d have to be
paid to clearing the way for the relocation of the house
toward the eastern boundary. Test pit Q-6 indicated the
e>:istence of a Late Woodland feature in the immediate
vicinity. Depending the exact relocation this would need to
be carefully removed through an archaeological mitigation
strategy and the immediate area of the feature be closely
studied for other associated cultural material. The survey
indicated that this resource was probably isolated so
therefore an area of prObably less than 50 square feet would
be involved in this more specialized study. This would then
clear the cultural resources from the eastern boundary region
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19
of lot *' 3 for eventual construction of the ho~\se. While the
cultural resource would be addressed in this approach other
design and aesthetic elements would need to be accommodated
that are beyond the scope of this cultural resource
assessment.
The second approach to redesigning the subdivision plan
to accommodate cultural resources would be to change
boundaries of lots *' 1 and *' 3. The rationale behind this is
to place all of the sensitive areas (with the probable
exception of Q-6) on the existing house Lot *' 1 and thus
avoid impact. The difference between this and the first
approach is that in changing the boundaries the resources
could be situated on a lot that was built upon in 1958 and
one that needs no further site changes. While this would
still require a covenant upon the deed of the existing
Dillon-Edson hO~lse and lot no further archaeological worf.;
would be necessary since a method of avoidance and
preservation had been shown. The exact nature of the
benefits to this plan are unspecified and may not present any
substantial short or long term advantages to the client.
However, this may have more value when considering other non
archaeol ogi cal b~lt si te rel ated desi gn and aestheti c aspects.
From these expanded perspectives a good reason for this
approach may make itself clear.
The only other way of addressing what has been found on
Lot *' 3 regarding the midden and habitation site is to
archaeologically excavate some of the cultural resources from
the lot and house site. This would involve expense that
would have to be weighed against the costs of redesign to
ascertain which approach was most appropriate.
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20
Cone: 1 ~lsi ons
The e:ultural resoure:e assessment of the Edson Property
identified signifie:ant e:ultural resoure:es dating to the Late
Woodland period. This is espee:ially important sine:e this
represents the first site on Fishers Island that is intae:t,
and shows assoe:iated oc:c:upation and rehlse midden loc:i.
Features and artifac:ts suggest a ric:h sourc:e of information
that has been preserved for future arc:haeologic:al
investigation. The rec:ommended method of preservation has
been based on the elements of redesign and avoidanc:e.
Alternative approac:hes may involve varying degrees of c:hanges
in design and arc:haeologic:al mitigation.
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21
Bibliography
Bi ngham, Alfred
1978 SqLlatter Settlements of Fr"eed Slaves in New
England, Bul #41 Conn. Hist. Soc.
Briggs, M.F.
1976 Prehistory of Fishers ISland, New Vork. Master's
Thesis, Department of AnthropOlogy, The American
University.
Brown and Rose
1980 Black Roots in Southeastern Connecticut, 1650-1900,
Gale Genealogy and Local History Ser"ies; vol, 8.
Deforest, Charles
1851 History of the Indians of Connecticut from the
Earliest Known Period to 1850. W.H. Hammersley.
Funk, R.E. and J.E. Pfeiffer
1988 Archaeological and Paleoenvironmental Investigations
on Fishers Island, New Vork: A Preliminary Report.
Archaeological Society of Connecticut Bulletin
51169-110.
Gardiner, L.ion
1660 Correspondence with Winthrop in Winthrop Papers,
Collections of the Massachusets Historical Society.
Hempstead, Joshua
1711-1757 The Diary of Joshua Hempstead, New london
Historical Society
Stiles, Ezra
1754-1793 Itineraries, Miscellaneous Papers, and
Correspondence. Beinecke library Vale University
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Map Showing PY"oposed L.ots #1, #2. & #3
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Note: check /nar~( signifies positive r"esults
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Mac of Subdivision with identified Resources and Limits
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Test Pit Data St,eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New Yerk
Test Pit *' C - I
Edsem Subdivision, West Harber
310pe Iif\ O"'D<'~Alt
Eitrati~waphy
I topsei 1
I I subsoi I
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Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~HJt Pit. 'If C - ~
Slope sl;')ht
Stratigraphy
I t.opsoi. 1.
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Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~l.t Pi t *~ c- '3
:31ope S-l-e ~ r
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Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~.!st Pi t. *I C - LI
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Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural ResoLwce Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf.!st Pi t *, E - I
cHope SI;shr
Htn,t i ~.w aphy
I topsoi.l
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Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers IsI.nd, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Te!!r,t. Pi t
# f-;(
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30~'f()
"/0 ~
cuI or' t.e~.;t.ur-f..?
b-I '\ .$4..'/y ItUI,."
Y" /10>"; f
'1 t.11,..,/4-4"1
c:uJ. tl.wal
mater-i.l {<!oS
) <.>-14 lie 17. l-t~
depth
<<Oc...
str'i:'ltt~
-f>2-
typt:.~
c J.:?
~'ge (i.f kno~m)
Fe.t.~lre
\:::ernar-ks:
cJt1a
Il'\-I'"S("
''''
-top'"'' I
~(')4\'thJ<
-t kt;
<.." b(' Ie
, )
pejlfl
1
1+
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
TflSt. Pi t.
# E-3
M"h~A~e.
51 OpEl
Str-ati~.lr'aphy
I t.opsoi]'
II subsoil
III till! parent material
dept.h
0-,30
301
\Y
cuI or'
b1V\
rt 1/1>..>;4.,.,
depth str-'5:'ttf.~
CLII h,wal mater'i al r) 01') "{
typ..~
~itge (if knovm)
Feat.Llre
Helli~:u"'hE h ArJ.l'j 4"'7 ~(J~c; I
t.e",tw'c'
S ~"',(y
.;..11
/ "AIV/
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf~~,t r~i t *,
E~lf
s+-cee
81 or.:)E-~
S3tl'""t:'i.t i gr" aphy
I "t.opsfJi 1
II subsoil
III till! parent material
cultural material
V\ ,..." <.
t Ypt~
c"\ge (i.f knovJn)
Feature
-\-"
~ot c:.I'I..
l:::;ernat'~ k s
'])....1
depth
o -~ S"
;> ,,15" J,
depth
.j., II ! ,f
color
b~V\
+...",
str. atE<
t~'~\'-').; _
-!-, [/
y"~ ~ /"",.,
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultur'al Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T.J.st Pit # (;,-1 a./~ (1I1.....s~ 0,-\ I-J ',~()
Slope .fllQ.t-sl'5hl-
Stl'"atiqraphy
I tops(Ji I
I I subsoi I
III tilll parent material
depth
0-30
3 c> - '"1<)
'10 J-
,$"0
ct ~~ te~'p~: /4117
y 4170~
-1-19 '" .J: 1/ (I, .,..,( J4 H)
depth
str"E.\tt:\
cultural material
"<ge (i.f kno.m)
y~s
b-.. ; d~
ttsforh c:.
,-".V'<. h""",..ll.( y.... bv~ke+-
$c....+I(1( i .J.()+/" (o(../~(
tYP€i I Q..oV\ -
Feat.L\re
F~~emal'~ k s
t'O~SOI'\ \ V7 .
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tr,?5;,t Pi t #
(; -..(
fV\ o61eRA t{.
f310~)E-~
S,tr dt i t;,W' i:.~phy
I topsc:li.l
II subsoil
III till! parent material
cuI t.t.wal
matehal yes
'b"""H'I.+Z c.1,'p
-yekl'5+0 V'l ,'<.
t yp~~
"ige (i.f kncwn)
Feature
F:em~":l.l'" k::
depth
0-10
.3o-~~,'-
3S-\l.-
c~~r ;~":J;~'/:4'"
yc 1/"",
+..'" !"l4v.{?""
depth ~"tr' at,-,
I ~--.J. " -p 2 -
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West. Harbor
Tr,!st. Pi t *~
(;-3
tY'l 0 ctl2'RA + <.
~H ope
;3tF' at i gl'* Eq:::d'Yi
1. topsioi 1
! I SUbS,Di 1
III till/ pBrent mBterial
depth
0-30
30-40
4/0 }
c~ ': t €.~~~~~
yello...,
1&1/,4/ +~..
/1111 WI
cultural material ~eJ
':YP"' +>ef4.....,f^ pA:... t
depth stro at.c,
0-(0 -t>'Z-
I" -1-.... -~,,~~ ce...+
:.:'tqe (i f kno\tJn)
Feature
F~:emal"'k=
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data St1eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island. New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Test Pit. #
6-"1
WI" J.f.R.1fI te..
Slope
Str-atigf'~":(phV
I t.opsoj, 1
I I subjsoi 1
II I till! pa"'Eint. mat..,,' i a1
cult.Lwal material
II"" 'C..
type
o:,ge (i f kno~m)
Feature
r":emar' ks
depth
f1-~)
dl$'-,3 ()
3ft
depth
c:olof'
6-...
y../;..",J..,
7....
=,tr.ati.~
t.e>: t.l.lr.f:;~
.s..~ /"...
J/"&~
cl9.t" 1,//
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tes't Pi t *' T - 1-
Slope S\;Sh+
Stratigraphy
I topsoi 1
II SLlbsoil
III till/ parent material
dep,th color teNtur,e I
"'-;lD..If~., S4'1,(t Io,o..trl
dO-$S + 6ltn 'Y~/~w eo~"
'(() ->~() -f.... h-9n~?""
depth
str'ata
cultural material
n Dn-<-
type
;:~ge (if known)
Feat.Llre
wlf~
Sv Iso. '/
/,k~y
? /0 uJ eJ... <r
,
,..,,,,,,J
/''15011
Remarks
/J.//'C 4- 1-0>4-5
I
I
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I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Asse.sments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf2st Pit # T-~
81 O~H? S II) h t
Eitratigr'aphy
I topsoi I
II subsDil
III till/ parent
mate.~l'~ i Bl
depth
.2() - ~S-
~S"-JSj
3 5"" 1/
cell or-
t e;.( t. UfO' E:?
~"'4~' 10"""
120<"
6-,
y<< '/l...,
t VP~~
.i ~ & Aot+'Z'
ye.s
.........l
depth s;,tr'<i1t.:i.<
-fQ/so"/ 02o~11 'fl"t.<> ZOIV1:
"6 <>4vt fz.tt c./. 'I
cultural material
~'ge (i f knD"Jr")
Feat\.\I"e
F":E'ma,'ks
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data She.ts: Cultural R.sow"c. Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Test Pit. # T-.3
'31ope Wlod.UlI'/ Ie
Stratiqraphy
I topsoil.
II subsoil
III till! parent material
cult.ural. material
1'10/'1'<:..
t yp~~
,;\q. (i f kno.m)
Featul'e
slop~
t.,1-9-sh
Remal'~ks
depth
D-30
3"- 3~
3 S"" Il-
depth
color
j:iL
str' ..:ltB
teN tur~'
5.0".1('
1.oc~y
-t.'!//
~AIv7
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
r.st Pit Oat. Sh.ets: Cultural Resource A....sm.nt.
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf2!'Jt Pit. # I - 3'S-
!3IopE' S-tcc: l'
EJtraticwaphy
I t.op=}cJi.l
I I .ubsoi I
III till! parent material
cultural material
1") "1'1~
typt:.~
','ge (i.f knm'in)
Feature
f~~~~rnal'''k=
depth
C> -;1. ~
0l.~--J5-
3S"" -j"'0 I
\J
deptt1
culor"
&.....
'tP-fk~
~rJf/
str att1
te,.,tut-e
+.11
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
4
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Fishers Island, New York
T~!st Pi t #
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
f::H 0 ~:)f=~
T~L..j
M"a~1e.4t~
~,tr.ti<;)f'aphy
I. t.op=,oi 1
II subsoil
III tilll parent. material
C:L,ltt.wal mat.(=rial ;<.'5
tYPE' 'j-<.J4",fz C.~"f_)
,,;ge (i.f knovm) CellA...."
FeatLu'"e
4h:'1 Y\I\: oI.J<"
F~~emal'~ks:
dept.h
0-3S"
3~ - '1$-
" {;" J..
dept.t1
() - 3S-
.
Ce/lld.., ~
..... ,iJ 1.( .....
1~":r ~e~!
cDlor teNt.ure
61... U""'y I,,,,.,
t4..;r..lboJ Il~'~,/
-t.... -i:t/'-c!4j - ~u,,/'::.
)
str'c\t.i':\
-f<>;>S():/
(HI (. S ~~ Ij
114--I~ tV"",/, 1#1,,(
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
t 1',~l,llt,',Lll",,'1 I~..OLWC. A....sm.nt.
T..t Pit Oat. She. ,.:. _.
Fi.hers Island. New York
Edson Subdivision, W.st Harbor
T~1St Pi t. *~ :s - /../
Slope S/:,hf-
Stratiqt"'aphy
I tOp';oi, 1
I I .ubjooi 1
III till! parent
mat&:~r.j, 211
depth
C- l<>O <....
~ -t-
-h:1I 10"-
color-
6 I/<(
Y <-IIDw
t.eN tllr~f.?
....:,0 of VI of- 111"'7 /"4...,
o ftIoCl"'r<
V/Sj11'o-t
;' fl.4//
c:ultL.tr"al mater'ial Y"-$!
type ~If-""/'-' <t- t:.-LYf
,,\qe (if knmm) t.>ri<-- c..>-llq~J
M:J..l.e.." -.J ",~~"A..
depth
(}-IOO
str'e:\t~~
"
Feat.l.lre
f':.mal'''ks ~
6-fO
/D-.?JD
3()"~()
.s~1 sLI/ a./~IV/ I!;h ve.t/~~~e 6ol'/~ SCAd, C~~J/"'/c...
7 ' J T '. J / 1./
sol+- ~I.c/I ~J.....; IV/IJsu! (,,/'''t-(olll 11>11< C<.....)k/~ -4,.~~c~~.,cf
/ / /.1 .II'
Sv(1- ~L./I &'/"""; s,.I~f J $"'....+r dii' u<<...,.,;, J 6(>11.)'<'/ c./vc".,j
b.J.....c,l sJ.../~ ;: ~.~ ~.../c6""eJ -f1",< ,,,,,,.,kr.) "''''c./(
1I~".d4 sl"".q t,,,,'.) 6o...~ I!;( i"",c I~dt t?,,~',,! s-'Is/dl
J ~ T' J ) .I 7'
c I.... , ....""J"I, se.,I/6f) C"'.4"/~ {L..I~ tJ",.,j;',,~
50-60 C.~II--<'()It(, SDfI ~J,II C.(41)1-,, .:5C"//~/ 6,.;)... ff"~ bOIl<-)
sl....ll -h",/cV't..l CeYEA!'<,') I1l.If r",/",.ur 0"(K~7)
60-70 1.4'''}< s~{f sLllc/A-M) "",",s>r-Ij Jo1""'/'''',~ 6.,,;;, ...flst 6"",("
~c.J"""Pt-l-r cl.t, C<,I(",...;,) 6<.//'-"".1 6on<- IJ..,)/ f""i"'''M/,
70" iO L.A~/r- ufl- ~II c.1..",,) '/;1>4-J.." 6o~.1 or ce~"",,,
~o-"lo sL.l( +'i("")., ~'IU""~'-I .(.';<., c.,r"Gkc..t tr..c.k') :'U.p5~l/j",..,
1;c.J""A-I.?, n.rl- fv-""'flM......1 .. ..
10 - 10 <> 6,+/".... 1 1H;"t)~.. / ye live.,) (Y/(lIIr.e s..-6J",ljrd/ '""/
5-1; c.t.......) c..t:.4V"<.."".(..
I.fl) -5"0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fisher-s Island, New York
Tf~;,.l Pit. #
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
=r - 4. S ( 30 I ~g.4 h 1 ~ - 't)
fV\O ole 12..0 t t.
~31 O~) f.-~
Stre,ti gr-aphy
I topsoi. 1.
I I SLlbsoi 1
III till! parent material
depth
(!)-I()
80 ~
't,~'Ik. ~~x/:l~-~' s#~f t't,4M
sA u: I IV/ ICcnlcj
depth str- "d_:a
CLlltl.wal mater-ial ylLs C)-I! () ..1. 'M;,J.je",
type f".,:U~", 1/:[1 c..la"" C.V....... (1, 1;+l..;<-s - fe>ss:~l.. l.Ar""",../-
"ge (i f kno"Ir-)) 1.. n. -6-. +" ",,-:.l.H-L l.,) ...",f.., Ll:"j ?
:' t
Featt.u'e -I n , ,
\A^lA~o(." , '"
F~~eniat'~ k s
o-~o
L{v-I.(<;"
Lf~ - 70
7v ~ '(;0
P^"~ f+ b"t5e 'u <.o",.j.v..A'~r ~-i~",,-
~"'A...f.t:f-e s<>f+ ,~q d4ll1\) 1<>....t"J~ c.t;
f'v'< C"'I<I:k4J ~"cl('l f's'~ - {,,~~ ~ $f I,~/~,,~)
M....Ik~ /,........ b01l\.() sc....lI #FJ ~i"""~"~k ""00$4
c.et'lJ4.",,-,c. S '
IIA~\)<. IU\5 1 '('s'~I-I., tn44r~ s~d-sll!
M';t,(...... ... ",f-v, 'J<
he4V/
d ~C.v-<:'4$ (
M,'jJUI
{.->"'fc)s/lftJ~
W/,),/~... .....ltj..,~
SRIot< A-s 0- q"
- PiI'/,OHc/'y
.."
6~tf"... .
'Be> ~~ ~ Sc,;bSt>l { r
(l..,c.ks
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Asse.sments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Te"t, Pi t. # :r - S-
Slop!? S Il'll-do
Eitrio,t i gr'aphy
I t.opsoj.1.
I 1 SL\b~HDi 1
III till! parent material
depth
0-30
~~-'1()
\Y
cG1/~k/~.. te"~~t /"11" ..,;1....
Y.l.llo<,)
depth
str' '~M~t~~
cultural material
r-s
type
".ge (i 'f kno"H'l)
rA,j~
L If. -1-<
...,
I-f,;/JI.. t-Jt>>~!t,,,!
Feat.Llre
F:ern~:\I'~ k 5:
-tLI.... tI.....t u,.....ty'ess..J. ........iJ.~"
h~~"'V' reV"w'''+l'lr~ 1 f!J..,,,.I'7 +/.,....
3 }.........{.'Z c..L.jH - f";....,'..i<.L.
1/:l.t~~
Df!...... I<>c.i
-tL's
l ~
4
I,,"i '-'IAf ro...... ~.f.I."./..~lDo!
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural R.soLwce Ass.ssments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~lSt Pi t.
# 1,('_ L./
IYl 0 J.eR4.Jt.
4....,(
4-11- k-f Cl.~~SS cl~,"
,:"l,'/ 1.1'"...!tJ~j
81 OpE.~
Sti-atigr'aphy
I t{Jp~i(Jj.l
I I SLtbjsc)i 1
III tilll parent material
depth
0-.]5'
..l,- '15-
'iSoJ
c: C) lor
t-...
op-II,,'/
T4..
t.eNt.Ut-E,)
S ,h,( l' I"" If?
c..,~
h Ilwl ?....
depth
str ~\ti.~
cultural material
not1c..
type
o,ge (i f knLwm)
Featun;,
F:;;emar~ks
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: CultLlral Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Test Pi t *~
1(- 'I. S
/11 ocleRA1c..
f::ll ope
8t,-ati g'-i.'phy
I topsoi I
I I sub~;oi 1
III tilll parent materisl
depth
0-0\0
~()-'( ()
'1 D - "IS ~
cell 0'-
&i"
ye 1/"..,
t.e",t.ur-e
SA"./,Y {""...
depth
cultur-al mi..ter'isl yt..f> ~OC'1
typ." ~ ~"'4C.t-~ cz.k.;s j C.~IIi!I4""I'
",ge (if knmm) k<ll-.\.( ....).."J./4",.A
str.ata
-1'760'/
l 1,0"1(.
S~U ~'1<......t
Feat.u,-e
I":eff,al'-ks tt:>.soc.,:4~J c.,",({">~41
Covcv.et .
-..~e'l.(~ I
II>
J~~p ,(
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Teet Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tr,~st. Pi t. #
K-f
s 111 h ~ +0
lV\..J.~R4.j.C.
:.:Hope
Stratiqr-aphy
I topsoi. 1
I I SLlbsoi. I
III tilll parent. material
c1epth
o -~S"
~S"- 'Ij-
"IS'" I/.-
col or t.E""~l'-f~
;'It.M>f... S4:'t.~"M
+4.. "~~~~ .
deptt1
str'6'ltt".
C:LIltl_wal matr,,,-ial 7 e s
type 1.-<:'11'4"",,- r^"~ r#~"~) .3 ck,p~)
R..o c.~ I
;:'ge (if known) A4Tf! W""",oJ. J"'P1J...
Feat.ure ~ // I I J I I
r ":;$,-6- < nU/fZ-r'l <..-ft.>.r<
r:::ema.'-ks UJ46I'+",-I,,;,,, ~C>(()'S "
I $ 4. "
t:;e C-'(4Ck.L
J
//f)O All -+
-
/",si r"}',......f w/s~ve/-JP""'<JJI4"
C-~"4/(!<!J"..( Se"'1/ - !.r4"Sf;9thHI-
~t.>Afl.+ZIt-<(. _
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Test Pi t. *~
/( - 5. 5"
fI1 {)Jetl.l1fc.
51 OpE~
f3tr- at i qr' aphy
I topsoi l.
II subsoil.
III tilll parent material.
cuI h.wal
matEwial yes
)<>I<lVl.+Z
c. k'f
type
,,\ge (i f knovJr\)
Feat.ur-e
f':emar' k s
dept.h
O-.w
d-<>- 'if)
4v II-
depth
ISc.t1
color-
1:>1',:\
y~tt#f.,)
+1+'1
s'tr'ata
te';~I~Jy _ I,,,..,
r-nltr
1;1/
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Slope
K'-o
s/'rA f
T~1St Pi t #
depth
0-1{0
'1b "'<(;~)
<65' II-
color-
t Eo!'; t lHn E:
St,- at i qr' aphy
I top~::i(ji.l
I I SLlbsoi I
III tilll parent material
depth str' ,,\ta
cultl.\,-'al mater'ial {~~ 0- ~S" 1t1.;{Jt,,/
type .( 1l~4"'~l .. -iso) <."..1) e.kq"'L,,~1 hl~.j.""I~
\ ?<. ~-GK )
i,\ge (i 'f kno",")
Feat.ure
f\o'I.;".lel~", - J'S+l)~ bc....t
V Uly Lo<:>s <:. s ,,: I
F~~emar.ks
.
'~le4"'1 ,
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Tf.!st Pi t. #
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
1-,- J...f [+ p.lf. ~~ 1.{.5}
Slope
lV'\ D'1>n.4fE
Strati g,'aphy
I topsoi.l
I I sLlbsoi I
III tilll parent material
depth
0-3()
,3()-'i$
"/S" ~
cell or-
lYI.,
y../1"....
-tJllI'V
t €;)., t UfO f.:
S.tl".ty 11M""
depth
st,' ata
cultural material
1 14tS, (h I
type ./.,,' L
'i'';~'1~':\T'r.. · 'f
~,ge <if known)
ye5
I) h"~It.~
~ ?....~isf.
a
-
O-Is'
i/iJ-Jp
Feature
F:emal" k s
h...b,~~4,,,~ 2""'C.
y\p+~ :
D Ii- L - Lf
P-' /) ~A-' 1.(.
h,q.,t
Q.at.r<-
0'1..:1 (\.,..7 l+
i Li:>.....F.?...."'J-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T'J.st Pi t
*~ I:: '-IS
fYlOJ.Ut.14 Ie
Slope
Str-atil;.lf'apITy
I topsoi.I
11 subsDil
III till/ parent material
cultL~.1 material
n,,"<,
"t"ypl:~
~.ge (i.f kno~m)
Featur-e
F~:E::mal'~ k s
e;~ c1 k""~~''+I''~
depth
0-3 "
3,,-<{()
If,, &
depth
color t.eNtur"(:.?
&1"1 "."~y /""''':'' - "'''C~y
'1./1,,0.) ""'(',r )0./ I
Y4/1"J -f,.~ -I- /7
sty" at.B
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, WeIst Har'bol'"
T~1st Pi t
*~ /..-5"
/11 rxln.. If. -Ie..
Slope
Str-atigr'aphy
I topsoi 1
I I SLlbsoi I
III till/ parent mater-ial
CLlltt,tr"al mater'ial yes
tYP€i L{ 't"'4..fz ch'f$
",ge (i f known)
Feature
F:ernal'"'hs
- jilt I. 1141100) 2 ~IO~ -
depth
O-.;s
do) ,. 'IS"
Ifj-'"
color-
!r\'l
y./I"..,
~Il'"
te'" tur".,
'Illt.ly /&1111>1
-I: 1/
deptt1 str-.ta
d.O-,30 b..~~ c.f ..j."f~o;'
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harber
Tf3st Pi t #
A. - 6
sial
Slope
St,..ati~waphy
I t.epsei 1
I I SLlbj5Di. I
III tilll parent material
cult.ural mat.rial
t.ype
S' ~...uf.z
o\ge (if knc)vm)
Feat'.,re
y~s
(}'f 5 )
F;:eflii:\I'''ks:
- h,.h,t....h."" ~"N<_
dept.h
O-~~-
~S-'Io/O
Ii () J.
depth
D-JS
s~~ll
cDlor
,-"..
r II...,
..,.../....."
teN ;':~';ty /"4'"
str'l~)tB
~. Y~/"j
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island. New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf~st Pit. # J...-? ~~J.. A/t
m ope sli1~~O).~'f.I"ft.
Stratigr-aphy
I topsoi 1
I I subsoi 1
III till! parent material
cultL~al material
y~~
type cL.~
O\'ge (i f kno"Ir')}
Feature
- h4U"+,;,,
F~elTlarMk=
Z""'-<:. -
:lO'
sJ... tl)
~,.~+ 0-( J...
J"'I4~f' el.'r,
J... ",1+1- 1\
1>157"i6eD
depth CLllor
0-.3 () blAck
!.D -~!j 6 "....,"'"
'fS'I,\-S"S'" yell"w
o",-j." -!-: II
depth str,."ta
~+- do$' e...
C'l~s-,,-
-fo
.....;))......
c..",,;A..... ~ Q)r-
.{'..:... c.".~k~.J. ...,c.1:
re~,'turE?
- J~~y . 1~4"
1"~.ly I,....
i ~,')j~"
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Oata Sheets: Cultural ReSOLwce Assessments
Fishers Island. New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T€!st Pit. *~ M - 4
Slope SI:1h+
Stn,t i gn.,phy
I top,;,Qi.1
II subsoil
I I I ti III pc\~-E",t
cultLwal material
t ypt~
,"ge (i f kno\'m)
Featt.tre
F~emar~ k 5
depth
"-..to
.;to -30
mater i al 3t>-'(oJ,
hoNt..
depth
col0F" tei': t.urf..?
c...", 5PI1J.y I~.,..,
Ie /1f>W
1~11f>"'/+4n .M/ ~"<=Y""c.~
str'~ttB
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
rest Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Test. F:'i t.
~31 O~) E:':'
Fishers Island, New York
Edsem Subdivision, West Harbor
*~ 1--\-5"
r>'I()bfUI fe
~:3trdtigr-~~phy
I tCJpsoi 1
I I SUb~5Di 1
III tilll parent. mat.erial
3 ~~4fZfz
k{ow1-,'("..I-z.
yes
f/QktZs
II-rkes
cult.ural material
t VpE~
"Ige (i.f
Feature
P;:€.'mal'" k s
,
-- ).,4 /.I,.';",~~ Z on) '< _'
depth
0-3t,~
3~-- <;f)
'To I!,.
depth
C> -d, ()
l>-/O
II) -~ 0
color" t.eNt.ure
~ "jllle S~..)'I /"4V/
b1U/'I6(~W
l./f~ ill'" v-pc::}
str' at.t~
cll/1Y't:I> ~ I
/
oy&/~y- si...l!
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultur~l Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~lst Pit # M- 6
Slc~e S~eep
:~3tl'"atiqt'~aphy
I topsoi I
11 subsoi I
III tilll pBrent material
depth
O-.;!()
~o<.30
3" -"0
~In:o) t.e'~~~3- !.~k;
~c iI~<.o>;+Jo" ../, 1/
depth
str' at2.
c:ul.t\.wal O1at\?r'io,l no
type
;;;Ige (i'f known)
Feature
F\e'mal'~ks:
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf~st Pit *' 1"\76...l5"
Slope S4~ef
S,trati t:waphy
I topsoi. 1
II subsDil
III tilll parent material
cultural material
IV ..""\:
type.~
';'9. (i.f kno~m)
FeatLlre
r':;:etnal,MkE
depth
O-io:
3c>~\lt
depth
col or' teNtUt'~E)
~.., -/4,:' u..ly
+;IIj~'7""-r{I,,<,,)
It.>"'''''
strata
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Oat. Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tr~st Pit. # M - 6.S
3~ "e l'
Slope
Stratigr'.phy
I topsoi. J.
I I subjsoi I
III till! parent material
cultLwal matel"i.,r ye.s
typ~, b(1~.rS'Iu.~
~,ge (i 'f kno"Jf1)
Feature
depth
0-1,0
depth
0-60
C111or-
h/4'/(
=rtr'at~~
~
F:emal'~ k s
- ,.,.;))~tV-
/~ou -.r ,'/'slc.JI2/t!J..
tes~~ iJr'),!e" II>~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets:
Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision,
Test Pit # I\I\-"?-
!3lope '51:I~t
btl"ati gr.aphy
I t.opscli I
I I sLlbsoi I
III till! parent.
cult.ural material
type
",ge (if kno.m)
Feat.Llre
W~"?st Hcilrb('.)f"
mater" i al
dept.h
0-110('"
II" IY
color. te" t.Ut-E.>
611Kk/hn N';;),.., - /"oK
OV4fli'~ $<>tJo: J
STY"'.!.,
y~'
dept.h
CrllO
"'/t'j)pEAJ
s:,t r' ;:ttf..~
F:::emat'~ k s
- M.:U-t.1) - J.:s-/........beJ.
.s ()/I(-<.
! 0- sO
So - ?t>
7'-' - /I 0
;'" 1C>~ ,... 1<"<'\$
- "':f,~-( c.",..,k,.J.. .,."c.!e.
. 1"'4V+~ f l..k, (<I.,,.) - ~ l...ll
_ celr.........' lq{-& Joo.1l4...l - ~l.q
. c ~v..",;< - :slcll - ,z ".....ot~ c:.1..~s .'
~k":""(.~:"r - .b.;.,..:....l.1):J~i\: t:~~ .\Jeoc4..&.....Il,c:I- 6o,,'f...
c.el/ZA"'a -l.....+e ~o...l.\....J - f';~ vc.d:..b..~
~\Jo.hO, ,,1....1\ ) llv"'"h. -fl..l<:..s, c~IlV""I4I} <:<!ItA":'
" 1\ q "
..y
t--\.\1)'l>; V
\).,~
0-'-0
.J.O-30
3~ - 't l>
I- (lo'SO
1>\11'. >>>. ....
-.J.- 50-{,O
I l,o -70
70 -iO
SO - lOO
I
I
I
I
slo.l\ ;.
~.....la(1:1
100--l\0
II!) ~
C ho<.,.)cV'-! -(Lv...... 4V'~
Iwl"k+ ucl-(~.. $)
OlrfA"" - :.L.I(
Mo>f1(eJ e-t~....c; ~ s ~.II
y.c((o'-'/6/,.cl(' ....tfl.~1 "'-'I s~11
c.kl\v-,c>..1
1>~~!ltl'l< - $hl'w'p
:1I\4e1<4(<" -
I
I
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I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
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I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T ~1st P it. *~ l\) - L(
")lope $l;~h+
;:1tl'"'atigt'Msphy
I topsoi I
I I sLtbsoi 1
III tilll parent material
cultLwal material
noV\e..
t.ypE:.~
;H;Je (i f kno~m)
Feature
!:~:erHal'MkE
depth color texture
o-as- 0"'1'1" SIHt(J.y /{)I!jM
.25"-'10 y...I1,...; .s<>4lo.c.. vo.>~~,,/ I/"-.
'tv ~ ~O 'r!lt>W/OV'40f<- ~d/
depth
str'6\t.i..~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Test Pit
*' IV-~
W\.oJ.e ~f.l..j.{
:';lope
::itrati(,:waphy
I 'topsoi 1
I I SLtbSDi I
III till/ parent material
cultural material
yes
~VJ4.l't..h
t yp.~
"'ge (i f known)
Feat.ure
r;;:emaw k 5
dept.h
o-J.';
Oto-30
3t>f"lO
depth
O-~O
c..l'f
C010f
lri..
'rll......
y.e /I,,.;jf,,.,
s:,tr" E.(t~~
pz.
t e>: t Ul'~ E?
SA"~ ~141V/
A.~,Ic'l
+:1/
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
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I
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I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf2St Pi t.
*' 1\)-6
lV\ 0 J.ei2 ~ +.e
Slope
b\:rati ~l'"aphy
I top sed. 1.
I I sub!soJ. 1
I I I t.i I 1. / pal'"en\:
matE?r i c:d.
depth
O-;(S~
Olr-3's""
3S-~
cui or
~61-.;
+......
te";~:l 1M'"
hl4..Jp""
cultural material
yes
I )vIQ.,e.+"t c.L\~
depth
O-J.()
str" iat..;:~
t yp~~
...".,t
(lV",("
-1> z. -
c...v.. ( k..,..l
R. "d(
~'ge (i f known)
Feature
F:(emar"kiE
p~v-l- i
1..<<\1..-1-4+;0'", 20'1<.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Oat. Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
n~-6.l~
T€?st Pi t # IV ,J
m.O~)E' s-l<<:f
St,,-atit;WBphy
I topsrJi.l
I I s:,ubjsoi 1
III till! parent material
cultural material
nD"'~
type
"ige (i.f known)
Feature
F:emal'~ k s
depth colo,,-
D-JS 6...
INfly ~06t/c,y"
f-t..... /y./y,v
depth
str' f::\tB
t,P}:t.ut'-E".....
Il..HIt.,! - JA.f
I".. ..,
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: CultLtF'al Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edsem Subdivision, West Harbor
T~!st Pit. # t\)-7-
Slope $ll~~l-
Str "it i gr' ",phy
I t.opsoi.l
I I subsoi 1
III ti111 parent material
depth
O-~{)
Cfo \!;
C l11 or t Eo>; t. Ul'~ E~
6/",Yh., Jt.rj)", 9",-//0","1
SvbSQ;! ye/~w 6"f"~'{~
J()"'~ It" <t'
type
c..~lt4"" ~
,/0
- /..e.../,)
depth
O-fv
fUJ,fr I~"-c (~lf)
tAJ...)!"..J.. R,;" sL...,e
str' at i.?
cultural material
,,'ge (i.f
known)
J.....t..
Featl.lre
F:erl\iill'hks
/"iJOS<-
. \' ~
r~ t"/7 r" I-L~ IttJ ~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheet.: Cultural Re.ource A.....ment.
Fi.hers Island, New York
Ed.on Subdivi.ion, We.t Harbor
T~~.t Pit. <If C)-if
Slope sli~k~ /WlokVl.Il~f..
Stratigraphy
I topsot 1
II subsoil
III till! parent material
cultural material
lV~rv""t..
typ..~
,,'ge (if knovm)
Feat.\.\re
F~emar'ks
dept.h
0-.;1.5'
d.$'-:3S
3S" ~
deptt',
c~c;
y~ll..w
y../I~/.j..l/"
te",t.uf'e'
.ty" ata
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Tr~st Pi t *~
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Slo[;)e
0-5
/'11 "tieR-Aft:
S1trt.itigr-aphy
I topsoi.l
I I subsoi I
III till/ parent material
cultLwaI matel"ial yes
tYPE' 'i~A...1-~ t:-J..'t
Bge (i.f knovm)
FeBtLlre
depth
C>-J,S
J$"; 't ()
't,,~
depth
:)0 c'""
cell 0'- to"" tur",
A-S'fij b-rn 1.'''.''
y~ll,w e"cky ~vls",'1
O'iA"f'--74i4V +:(1 p~~..t.
str' e:\tB
F~e(nal'~ k s
- r~j. 1 11I.6.1.11()~ Zo~~ ')
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~.1stPit.# D-6
51 OPE! S//7/' I-
Stloati~waphy
I topsoi. 1
II subsoil
III till/ parent material
cultural material
fo,.JOfU -c.
-typl:.~
2<ge <if kno"m)
Feat.ure
ne(nal'~ k s
dept.h
~-3~
3 $- \!t
depth
color
b1'"
str" ~JtEi.
~~:?~/~~~
.,,/JtOltks
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf.lSt. Pi t. # C> - 7-
81 OP'? 51<~f
,itratiqr'aphy
I t.opc;oi. l.
I I SLlb!;oi. I
III till! parent material
cu1tL~al material.
,.;o1A><
type
'"ge (i.'f knovlf'l)
Feat.\,\re
F~:emal"'ks
depth
O-IS"
1~-$5
3"-~
dept.h
color
!,....
str"ati:.1.
t.e"t.Uf'e
SA;;)rlMCl(
) 1<"''7
ItJ4IH
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~?st Pi t. # 1> - L{
[31 0.1&' rn()J~"l.C/.f~
1!1'1'J.1- &4~.. e."II?~""';;
St,- "it i g,- iaphy
I t.opsoi]'
I I SUbSDi 1
III t.ill/ parent. mat.erial
depth
D-,3"
~ 0 -t{O
'iO&
cDlor" l:e}( tUt-E?
6-1; $A".dy
y~II~/t... ~oe~
./-. II
/".....
3"";
depth
str'i:"\tB
cult.ural material
n 011-(
t.ype
~'ge (i.f knovm)
Feat.l-lre
F~:ernal'" k s
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: CultLlral Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
TfJ.st Pi t.
# "P-~
"""""k,,,.f::..- f+e('j
Slope
Stl'"atigr-aphy
I t.opsoi]'
I I SUb!50i 1
III t.ill/ parent material
depth
O-~O
;;l.o-'N
l.{ol!>
cultt.\r-aI mater'ia], y~ ~
typ", blll-s...l+ ,-l'f :...
depth
,,/0
s"bs": I
::Ige (if kncn...Jn)
Feat.ul'e
Hernal'"'ks
l'scll11-4~)
r".... .te<f~"
bv+ l:~~..es+(~~
s -l-v..-l- '" WI
c:~ 01'" te~'~~~;,_"",kY' I..s"...,
Y4n,<<) .s......~ ~..b,,4
Y.tllikK--Il>'" -/-.'// Il"(~
stro i::1tt~
-;:>
...J..l,
+c.+
<: L.r <:" k.c.
.j.l..:s
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Tf,st Pi t #.
Eds,an SL,b,d i vi si an, West Harbol"
Slope
1>- 6
SII~U
:~3tl'"' at i gr' t.":tphV
I t.op'.;ai. I
II subsoil
III till! parent. mat.eri.al
cultL~al material
n"",<
typt:.~
~\ge (if knovm)
Feature
I~emar" k =:
dept.h
0-30
30 ... <;0
Cj(} \l.
depth
color teN tl.tf" E?
&-\'" J4"'.Jy /OItM
'j.ll/,r::.-~~'" :JIf.{.J7. + "o~~y Sc>, 'J
Y" (II'" -I... J'II'~ '4(fl.f 1.'/1
str.~,tt?
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Te.t Pit Data Sheet.: Cultural Resource A....sm.nt.
Fisher. Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
"," ".rA Ll':( 6
T~~st Pi t # p" r ~ "
Slope
sl'fU
Str at i gr- aphy
I topsoi I
I I SLlbsoi 1
III till! parent material
cultLwal material
/1>0 tV <.
type
0<ge (i -f knovm)
Feat.Llre
F~:E:7rrHEtTk$:
depth
050
oSC> \l.r
depth
C c,11 or t. €:->: t Llf~ E::'
6-c ., s "...17 ;.".. ..../3 "A;C.
y..IIoGoYt.~ /'
+,'//
S'tr-'iJta
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf.'!St. Pit # Q-J
s Il~h.t
Slope
Stl'i.,ti graphy
I t.op'_;oi. J.
I I subjsoi 1
III till/ parent
depth
O-,H
B.$"- Jc)
mat.'r i 611 30 \!,
I:l110f" t.e" tun;>
6.... 511"-.:ty I"",,.,,
s"N.~tI"w4'" .1".....t ~/s""'~ rl/kl
y 4- 7"<-0)-("""1(. -t. /7
C:L.lt.\.wal mi.,ter-ial ye 5,
type c..k'i:>(~J"'+Z) (1\...
dept.h f:,tr at i.'
1)-'<0 p z.
~ke""..t c.evo.....c,
",ge (i.f knOl,m)
Feature
l~~emal{" ks
~ I~" /",J..vf -
n<> i/l.~'4a..1 ....leA/~~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural ReSOLwce Ass.ssments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T'"st Pit # Q-3
Slope -r14+ ~ sl;lht
dtratig,-aphy
I t.opsoi 1
:r I subsoi 1
III till/ parent mat.erial
~:~~t-, c:.~~r tJ~rU?;,.....
OlD-3D yell.'" sa: ~ $4..Ar w/ "...... ~
,3() \!t I.JS""" 4".. sll...iy _/4.:1/
depth
str'att~
cult.ural material
JVC"'<
tYPE:::
",ge (i.f known)
Feat.ure
f:;:emal'''hs
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island. New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf~st Pit # Q-I-f
SlQP~' Sl;jht
Eitl'"aticwaphy
I t.opsoil
II SLlb!soi 1
III t.illl parent. material
cult.ural material yqs
t yp'" L..rt~ ~...)).ltql'.J
?~st
"'ge (i.f kno"m)
toot,) ylls
Feat.ul....e
F~erflal".. k::
depth
0-30
'3o-"{D
'10 -~()
depth
30''{O
Ce.\al'll'
C~l or
y~ "#".;
~5tr" iiltB
t t:.~;'( t. ut'~ E.~~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data St,eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Test Pi t. *~
Edsen Subdivision, West Harbor
Slope
d-.f
s ~J'A t
Stf'.:.'itiql'''aphy
I tep';oi 1
I I SL\b~50i 1
III till! parent material
cultural material
n"N'C..
type
~:tge (i f knoItJf'l)
Feature
I::;;erfiar~ k 1:
depth
~ -;u.-
.;)S-:J5"
35" '" l{~
depth
cc)lor- t P': t urE;:
&1'11 )..~.I)1 Ill...
y.et'i1<J I*", lt6c'7. ~,:/
y"II...J/D1Ai.e -h 1/
str.;;'..),ti.?.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data St,eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers rsland~ New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
mater" i aI yes
CCVlI4....:" f....r.......+
T~.!st Pit. # (l- 6
SlOPE' Sltjhl
S';tl'"" at i <;.lr' aphy
I topsoi.l
I I S:,l.Ibsoi 1
III t.ilII parent
cuI h.\'" aI
type
A"'J.. A.Lf-. ~ '6
depth
0-).<>
d-.t> - '10
n\2.ter'ii:'.1 Lf() \lo
depUI
~,ge (i f knovm)
l.o-fc w",..n.",J
Featun?
C. 1..11"'"'' (
-tl~s I.,..~
F~~emar' ks
flcc;kc.( ~:+
b.."" l"'f+
C L11 or" teN t t.tf- E~
~.... SA..J.y 1"11""
e:....../y411..'" t'oJ<y s,,; I
y~II""'/v"""f< -\, II
str.~.\tt.1
,
''''
P ll'l-c l:.-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data St1eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edsen Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf,st Pit. # 'K-L/
Slope S; 1;1 h f-
:',tr at i gr aphy
I topsoi.l
II subsDil
III till/ parent material
cultLwal material
yes
c.l,jo
type
, '&....14"+>:
~\ge (i f kne~m)
Fe"t.ure
",C Air
R."1'l D -
P':emal" k s
\X~7
depth
O~O
~,,~
dept.t1
.<C>
eol or t.e,.:t.urE~
SI/...(.7 I...... ",/".,,(,
Y4//"..> -1_.. . Ao,~
str'ctt.a
n"
c..<>"'" S.f""JH~ p.A"r<>s<..(
.
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural Resource Assessments
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
T~J.st Pi t *I 5 - 3
Slope slc~'ht-
neA-V'
IV EflA'n~{ ....e..~ ..j."",<.
<t 14 If
htr i.,t i cJr' aphy
I topsoi 1
I I subs"i 1
III tilll parent material
depth
C> - 'to
'/t) .$"O
SV\!,
CDl Dr- teNt.Ut-E?
61.. SII...Iy /"4"" ""1R',,,i(,
7~/~.h. '';'''{,~.r ,....r 7 .
Y4 II~ "'If"; /../1
'''ge (i.f kno"m)
material y<-s
I ~h c.l'r <to
L ..-1<. -t,.
dept.h str- at~~
.30 -:\$"
cL,lt',lI'"aJ.
type
.
(..t.v....... "
......l1l.. c..CZI.t"l..... l
Feature
Rem"," ks
~,,{g...blr
S~lIt1.u,.~ ..\-' ~sDI..i~,{
V<<"'i n-e4....
...........( c.c.../..../
bc.><.J....~7
A- "'L
0-1 +*5'5 ....OI-~ s ./..tt: I-(]
-t k....f... ..., 1.",1/..
c.o,^, '~bloJ'.""( l.
I
I
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I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
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I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data St,eets: Cultural Resource Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf2St Pi t #
$-5"
s 1'1 ~ ~
f:31 OpE~
:3tratiqr'aphy
I t.opsoj, J.
! I SUbS>Di 1
I I 1 t.i 11 / [Jii\I'-Emt
cult.Lwal material
t ypt,
t:lge <i.f known)
Feat.ure
r;:elflar-ks
~e"',,{.
y.."'.....A
mate?t'" i a1
depth col Qt-
O-!c) f>.I",
1)/ITURBE.D
depth
str'~tt.i:.~
fI 0"'-<'
(,"'V...t-'\ !
t. e;.( t. Ut.~ E.~~
S~y /"".... s/,,~c t!1'I'~
~ ~'J/"",,~J $f.."'e - "i-;",,/
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Test Pit Data Sheets: Cultural ResoLwce Assessments
Fishers Island, New York
Edson Subdivision, West Harbor
Tf~~>t Pit # ()-~
4lre 4
IJ '" {,....:l..("'{,{<.
Slope
Str at i 9F' aphy
I topsoi.l
II subsoil
III till/ parent material
depth
0-30
35"J
CL110r
b.........
l:~ltr~..~ ... "..(~
r:. fX. k'{
cultural material
(...vA....'L fV"To
depth
0-10
~::,tr-' rM"It.a
type
~'ge (i.f kno"m)
FeatLlre
r:;:ernal'" k 5:
n~~lr v"..A.
~"f..s~j
4.....J.. . , L... <-
J~.x 1Dt ....... f
no '.;t"J- 6(
t:-U..~ 1 tv\,..:.......! ~'1"'.'/t(~.c.-c.