HomeMy WebLinkAboutTransportation Plan - Marine Transportation Inventory - 1984
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A COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION PLAN
FOR SUFFOLK COUNTY
MARINE TRANSPORTATION
INVENTORY
1984
PETER F. COHALAN
COUNTY EXECUTIVE
LEE E. KOPPELMAN
DIRECTOR OF PLANNING
GERALD V. CRONIN
DIRECTOR OF TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS
The preparation of this report has been finanted in part through funds f~
the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway ~inistration under
the Federal Highway Att of 1956, as amended, and the Urban Mus
Transportation Administration, under the Urban Mass Transportation Att of
1964, as amended. This dotuoent is diss..inated under the sponsorship of
the Department of Transportation in the interest of infonoatton e,thange.
The tontents of this report reflett the views of the author who is responstble
for the fatts and the atturaty of the data presented heretn. The tontents
do not netessartly reflect the offitial views or polities of the Urban Mass
Transportation Administration, the Federal Htghway Administratton or the State
of New York. This report does not tonstitute a standard, spetifitation, or
regulation.
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PREFACE
The Comprehensive Transportation Plan for Suffolk County was
completed in 1978 and consisted of two volumes: Volume I, 1975
Inventory and Analysis, and Volume II, 1978-1995 Improvement Pro-
gram. The plan was prepared by the Suffolk County Department of
Transportation under an agreement with the Tri-State Regional
Planning Commission.
Since the release of the plan, Tri-State has been dissolved
and the New York Metropolitan Transportation Council has been formed
and is now the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for the
New York City metropolitan area which includes Suffolk County.
The Suffolk County Department of Transportation was also abolished
and its duties were divided between the Suffolk County Department
of Planning and the Suffolk County Department of Public Works.
This update of the 1975 Inventory and Analysis Plan has been pre-
pared by the Transportation Division of the Suffolk County Depart-
ment of Planning.
The 1984 update consists of highway, rail, air and marine
transportation elements. An update of the transit element and the
completion of Phase II of the transit system development plan
proposed in the 1978-1995 Improvement Program was accomplished
under a contract with ATE Management and Service Company, Inc.
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This report was prepared and written by Nicholas Ryshkoff-Karr,
with inventory update coordination and editing by Charles F. Nauss,
graphics by John T. Wolfe, and typing by Tsiporah Roter and Diane
Hummel.
We wish to thank the Suffolk County Departments of Planning,
Planning Division, and Public Works, Traffic Control and Engineering
Division, as well as all -ferry managers, for their cooperation and
assistance in the preparation of this report.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION 10 .. .. .. . ... . . .. . . 10 . . .. . . 10 . . .. . .. . ... . . . .. .. . . . . 10. 1
OPERATIONS . . . . . 10 .. . . . . . 10 . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . . . .. .. .. . 10 ... .. . .. . .. 2
GREAT SOUTH BAY FERRIES .. . .. . .. .. 10" . 10 . 10 . . . .. 10 IO' . . . . .. .. .. . " 2
- Bay Shore Ferry Terminal.............................. 5
- Sayvi 11 e Term; na 1 10 10 . . . 10 . 10 10 . . . . 10 10 . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
- Patchogue Terminal 10....10..... 10........10 10... 10..10.10....10 7
- Bell port Terminal 10......10......... 10...... 10.10....10....10 8
- Fire Island National Seashore ......................... 8
SHELTER ISLAND .. . 10 . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 . . . . 10 . 10.. 10
PLUM ISLAND GOVERNMENTAL FERRY .. .. .. .. .. ..... . .. . .. .. ........ 10
LONG ISLAND SOUND CROSSING - INTERSTATE FERRIES .............. 11
EXCURSION LINES ..10.10. 10...... 10......10 10.............10.......10.. 14
RIDERSHIP ... 10......10......10 10.................................. 15
f.QUIPMENT .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18
'fBggUENCY OF SERVICE AND TRIP TIMES .......................... 22
REGULATIONS AND LICENSING . .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... 25
THE IMPROVEMENTS OF THE EXISTING CROSS-SOUND
FERRY SERV ICES . . .. . . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . . .... . . .. 26
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LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES AND MAPS
PAGE
FIGURES
FIGURE 1. GREAT SOUTH BAY FERRY ROUTES....................... 4
TABLES
TABLE 1. MARINE PASSENGER CARRIER ANNUAL TRAFFIC
DATA - 1982........................................ 16
TABLE 2. MARINE PASSENGER CARRIERS -
ANNUAL TRAFFIC DATA 1972-1982...................... 17
TABLE 3. MARINE TRANSIT EQUIPMENT 1982/1983................. 19
TABLE 4. MARINE EQUIPMENT INVENTORY - SUMMER, 1983.......... 20
TABLE 5. CURRENT MARINE PASSENGER OPERATIONS - 1983......... 23
/>VIPS
MAP 1. FERRY ROUTES SERVING SUFFOLK COUNTy................ 31
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MARINE TRANSPORTATION
Introduction
The material in this report serves to update the data presented in
the Inventory and Analysis part of the Comprehensive Transportation Plan.
Most of the information for that document was provided by existing publi-
cations, namely the Tri-State Regional Planning Commrtssion's Interim
Technical Report on regional ferry operations. In this inventory update,
however, the information was gathered via a questionnaire forwarded to
all the involved ferry operators. This document, then, presents the most
current and, probably, most comprehensive look at all the ferry operations
serving Suffolk County.
Since the publication of the 1975 Inventory and Analysis section of
the Suffolk County Comprehensive Transportation Plan, ferry usage has
grown substantially:
Great South Bay ferry passengers increased by 103.7%
Shelter Island ferry passengers increased by 59.7%
Cross-Sound ferry passengers increased by 80.8%
Fifty-two passenger ferries and four freight boats were run by ferry
operators in Suffolk County in 1982 as compared to forty-seven and two,
respectively, in 1972.
Almost all ferry companies have expanded and upgraded their fleet by
replacing old and obsolete ferries with new, higher capacity vessels.
In lieu of a cross-Sound bridge, substantial efforts have been made
to increase the service level of cross-Sound operations. These facts will
be elaborated upon further in the report.
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Operations
Ferry operations in Suffolk County can be divided into two major
groups: (1) ferries that provide connection between two terminals within
Suffolk County (these ferries are under the jurisdiction of the Suffolk
County Legislature); and (2) ferries that link Suffolk County with the
State of Connecticut across the Long Island Sound {this service falls
under the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)).
The first group consists of three separate marine service areas:
- Services from the south shore of Long Island across the
Great South Bay to Fire Island
- Links to Shelter Island from Greenport to the north and
North Haven to the south
- U.S. Government service from Orient Point to Plum Island
The second group consists also of three separate services:
- from Port Jefferson to Bridgeport, Connecticut
- from Orient Point to New London, Connecticut
- from Fishers Island, which is part of the Town of Southold,
to New London
Map 1 depicts the ferry routes serving Suffolk County.
Great South Bay Ferries
The greatest concentration of ferry companies in Suffolk County is
in the Great South Bay on the south shore of Long Island and all exist to
provide transportation to Fire Island. The barrier beach of Fire Island,
extending 32 miles from Democrat Point on the west to Moriches Inlet on the
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east, serves as a storm buffer for mainland Long Island communities. It
is from 500 to 2,000 feet wide and visited by hundreds of thousands of
people every summer because of its excellent beaches. During the winter,
it is inhabited only by about 500 year-round residents. The routes taken
by the ferries to Fire Island vary between four and nine miles in length
across water which is from seven to fifteen feet deep. Ferries travel
about twenty miles per hour on special shallow-draft planing hulls designed
for this bay; and a round trip to Fire Island takes from 30 to 75 minutes.
Great South Bay services are mostly seasonal, although the length of the
season varies somewhat among the ferry companies.
Six ferry companies are engaged in operating thirty-two scheduled
passenger and four freight ferries in the Great South Bay out of four terminals
on the mainland: Bay Shore and Sayville are located in the Town of Islip,
and Patchogue and Bellport are in the Town of Brookhaven (Figure 1).
All these terminals have substantial parking areas because private
cars are prohibited on Fire Island, except for a few governmental and
utility service vehicles. As a result of this, everyone who comes and
goes passes through the terminals, leaving their means of land transporta-
tion behind them. There always seems to be a shortage of parking spaces,
especially on weekends during the high season in July and August. Additional
parking is used wherever space can be found; for example, the railroad
parking lots and yards, town parking lots in downtown areas, side streets
and private driveways near the docks.
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Fire Island
Corrmunities
Fire Island Light
Ki smet
Saltaire
Fai r Harbor
Dunewood
Lonelyville
Atlantique Beach *
Atlantique
Robi ns Res t
Corneille Estates
Ocean Beach
Seaview
Ocean Bay Park
Point O'Woods
Sunken Forest J
Sailors Haven **
Cherry Grove
Fire Island Pines
Barrett Beach *
Water Island
Davi s Park I
Leja Beach
Ocean Ri dge
Watch Hill
Bellport Beach *
Smith Point West **
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Great South Bay Ferry Routes
Great South Bay
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Latera 1 Ferry
. . .
. .
Docking
Terminals
Ferry
Companies
LEGEND
Bay Shore - Fire Island
Ferri es
Bay Shore - Zee Line
Bay Shore - Point O'Woods
Association
Sayville
Sayvi 11 e
Is 1 and Ferry
Sayvi 11 e Ferry
Services
Patchogue - Davis Park
Ferry
Bellport - Davis Park
Ferry
Ferries to Fire Island Communities
Town and Village Beaches
Beach Ferries
National Seashore Visitor's Centers
National Seashore Ferries
FIGURE 1
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Bay Shore Ferry Terminal
The terminal is located at the end of Maple Avenue, approximately
one mile away from the Bay Shore, Long Island Rail Road station. For
private automobiles and commercial vehicles using major east-west highway
routes, a direct connection to the terminal is provided via Fifth Avenue
south to Maple Avenue.
Three ferry companies utilize Bay Shore as a terminal, and each has
its own docking facilities as well as parking areas for their customers.
Fire Island Ferries, Inc. is the largest company with eleven passenger
and two freight vessels. The company operates five separate routes to
Fire Island communities: Kismet, Village of Saltaire, Fair Harbor, Dune-
wood and the Village of Ocean Beach. The first four communities are
approached via the West Channel; and Ocean Beach, depending on weather,
is approached by the Range Channel.
In addition, Fire Island Ferries, under a contract with the Town of
Islip, provides a summer service to Islip Town Beach at Atlantique for
Town of Islip residents from the Bay Shore Marina at the end of Clinton
Avenue in Bay Shore.
During the summer, a special lateral ferry service is provided between
Kismet and Cherry Grove, making stops at four intermediate locations:
Saltaire, Fair Harbor, Dunewood and Ocean Beach.
lee Line Ferry, Inc., is the second largest of Bay Shore's operations.
With four ferries, it serves two communities on Fire Island - Ocean Bay
Park and Seaview. It uses the east channel approach and first stops at
Seaview, proceeds to Ocean Bay Park and then returns to the Bay Shore dock.
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Point Q'Woods Owners Association is the owner and operator of a
single ferry that serves the community of Point Q'Woods with six daily
round trips. It also uses the east channel approach to its dock on
Fire Island.
Sayvi11e Terminal
Sayvi11e is a second ferry terminal on the south shore that serves
Fire Island communities from the Town of Is1ip. The ferry docks are
located along River Road, which runs parallel to the Brown's River Inlet.
The docks are located approximately 1.5 miles from the Sayvi11e Railroad
Station. For automobiles using east-west highways, the shortest north-
south link to Sayvi11e docks is: Veterans Memorial Highway and Lake1and
Avenue coming from the west, and Qcean Avenue and Lake1and Avenue coming
from the east.
Two ferry companies have their docking facilities in Sayvi11e.
Sayvi11e Ferry Services, Inc. This company is the largest, with
six passenger boats. It serves the community of Fire Island Pines and
maintains year-round services, with a reduced schedule in wintertime,
ice conditions permitting.
In addition, Sayv111e Ferry Services provides waterborne connec-
tions under separate contract to two destinations:
1. From Sayvi11e Dock to Sailors Haven/Sunken Forest of National
Seashore, under contract with the National Park Service.
2. From Port O'ea11 at the Is1ip Town Marina in Sayvi1le, located
at the end of Foster Avenue, to Barrett Beach, under contract
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with the Town of Islip. Barrett Beach is Islip's second public
town beach on Fire Island, although technically it is located
in the Town of Brookhaven.
Island Ferry, Inc. This company operates four passenger and one
freight ferry from Sayville Dock to the community of Cherry Grove on
Fire Island.
Patchogue Terminal
Patchogue is one of the two ferry terminals located in the Town of
Brookhaven that serve as a staging point for ferries to Fire Island.
The Patchogue Terminal is located at the Town of Brookhaven Recreational
Park at Sandspit, which is situated at the end of Brightwood Street, one
mile south of the Patchogue, Long Island Rail Road Station. Passenger
and freight vehicular traffic using east-west highways and destined to the
Patchogue Terminal generally use North Ocean Avenue and head south through
the Village of Patchogue and then on to South Ocean Avenue to the docks.
Only one company provides services from the Patchogue Terminal.
Davis Park Ferry Company, Inc. This company operates a fleet of
five passenger boats and one freight boat and provides services to the
communities of Davis Park and Ocean Ridge as well as to Leja Beach, the
Brookhaven Town Beach located between the aforementioned communities.
The same company provides services under contract to the National
Park Service to Watch Hill at the National Seashore. It operates from
a terminal located at the head of the Patchogue River, diagonally across
West Avenue from the Long Island Rail Road Station parking lot. A parking
area is reserved for the visitors to the National Seashore with 125 free
parking spaces.
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It is anticipated that the National Park Services headquarters will
relocate from its present site on Laurel Street, a side street off West
Avenue, to a new site at the head of Patchogue River. This would con-
solidate all National Park Services facilities in Patchogue at a single
location.
Bellport Terminal
This terminal has only local importance. The Davis Park Ferry
Company, under contract with the Village of Bellport, provides summer
services for village residents and their guests to Bellport Beach on
Fire Island. Bellport Beach lies within the confines of the Fire Island
Wilderness Area. The ferry trip takes fifteen minutes; and to reach the
ocean front, visitors must cross the barrier island by foot - approxi-
mately 1,400 feet. In the summer of 1983, a raised handicapped walkway
five feet wide had been installed, with rest area provisions for wheel-
chair users. A parking area with reserved spaces for the wheelchair
handicapped is located at the Bellport Dock. It should be mentioned
that all ferries operating on the Great South Bay accommodate the
wheelchair handicapped.
Fire Island National Seashore
In 1964, most of Fire Island was designated by the U.S. Congress as
part of the National Seashore, which is a unit of the National Park system
under the U.S. Department of the Interior. In 1980, the seven-mile stretch
of Fire Island from Smith Point West to Watch Hill was declared a wilderness
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area, the only National Wilderness in New York State. The National Park
Service manages the Seashore from its local office in Patchogue. The
seventeen established private communities on Fire Island are not included
in the National Seashore.
The National Park Service operates three recreation centers on Fire
Island and plans to open another one at the Fire Island lighthouse on the
west end of the island, with a pedestrian access from Robert Moses State
Park.
The three centers are:
- Watch Hill, a ferry ride from Patchogue
- Sailors Haven, a ferry ride from Sayville, and
- Smith Point West, with an access from Smith Point County
Park.
These centers are equipped with a variety of recreational and educa-
tional features for visitors. One of the famous Seashore natural attrac-
tions is the Sunken Forest, immediately west of the Sailors Haven.
As mentioned before, two private ferry operators, under contract
to the National Park Service, provide ferry services known as the
National Seashore Ferries from both Sayville and Patchogue.
The National Seashore Ferries offer public service only during the
summer season and are reserved for charter and school groups during the
spring and fall.
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Shel ter Isl and
The two ferry companies serving Shelter Island connect the island
with the north and south forks of Suffolk County. Since there is no
land access to the island from either fork, ferries provide a vital
transportation highway link on a year-round basis for State Route 114, which
extends from State Route 27 in East Hampton to State Route 25 in Greenport.
These two companies operate double-ended vessels which are able to take
both passengers as well as a limited number of automobiles, vans, and
11 ght trucks.
The North Ferry Company, Inc. This company is a wholly-owned sub-
sidiary of the Shelter Island Heights Property Owners.Corporation which
was formed in December, 1979. Four vessels provide services between the
Village of Greenport, adjacent to the Long Island Rail Road Depot, to Shel-
ter Island Heights. The distance between the two docking places is less
than a mile and the crossing time is seven minutes.
The South Ferry, Inc. This company, which is owned by the Clark
family, has provided ferry services at the same location since the early
years of the nineteenth century. It connects Shelter Island with the
Village of North Haven on the south fork. The company operates three
boats and the crossing distance is the shortest that any ferry serving
Suffolk County has to cover, a half mile, with a five-minute trip time.
Plum Island Governmental Ferry
This ferry is owned and operated by the United States Government.
It is in operation twelve months of the year and crosses a body of water
known as Plum Gut between Orient Point and Plum Island. This passenger-
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only ferry is restricted to the employees of the Plum Island Animal Disease
Center of the Agricultural Research Service of the Department of Agriculture
and those on official business; and, therefore, can be classified as an
Institutional Ferry. Experiments are conducted with animals on the isolated
island to prevent transmission of diseases. Three boats are operated to and
from the island. One of these boats is built to accommodate freight. The
trip distance is two and a half miles and the crossing time is twenty minutes.
The ferry dock is located on Orient Point reachable via New York State Route
25 in near proximity to the cross-Sound terminal from Orient Point to New
London, Connecticut.
Long Island Sound Crossing - Interstate Ferries
There are two cross-Long Island Sound ferry operations:
- Port Jefferson-Bridgeport, Connecticut
- Orient Point-New London, Connecticut
Both ferry operators are in the process of upgrading their services
to satisfy the ever-growing demand for passenger and commercial traffic
for Sound crossings, since the plans for a bridge from Long Island to
Connecticut were abandoned in 1980 and an expansion of ferry services
was recommended by New York State.
Bridgeport-Port Jefferson Steamboat Company. In 1983, the company
celebrated its 100th year of ferry operations on this route. Until 1983,
this company operated a seasonal service with a 60-year old boat. the
Marthas Vineyard, (built 1923), which is a single-end, side-loading boat.
The main deck passenger space has been converted to increase auto capacity
to thirty-five cars. The vessel travels at thirteen knots and carries
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1,061 passengers. Turn-around times at the dock are long, however, due
to backing and maneuvering of autos on and off the vessel. Dwell times
of half an hour or more are not uncommon.
Since mid-July, 1983, the ferry company has put into service a new
vessel, the Grand Republic, with a 1,000-passenger and 8S-car capacity.
This second boat, which costs six million dollars, travels at sixteen
knots and trims 15-20 minutes from the ninety minute run of the old
boat. The design of the Grand Republic permits the loading or unloading
of vehicles from either the side near the stern or at the front by means
of a hinged bow. This arrangement permits a straight-through load/unload
for vehicles using the ferry.
During the season, six trips are provided from Monday through Thurs-
day, with eight round trips on weekends, in contrast to four round trips
before with the single vessel. Both vessels operate this schedule through
October 15. The Grand Republic runs the winter schedule with a reduced
capacity of up to 300 passengers in a heated environment. In effect, the
previous seasonal operation had been extended to a workable year-round
schedule.
There are also plans to build another boat that will be suited mainly
for year-round trips across the Sound, without seasonal interruptions.
The new boats with their increased number of passenger cars and trucks
will generate additional traffic problems at the docking area and in the
Village of Port Jefferson. Local street and off-street staging improvements
will be required to accommodate the traffic destined for and discharged
from the boats.
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Outside the Village boundaries, access roads to Port Jefferson
from major east-west arterials are the Nesconset Road (State Route 347)
from the west and Port Jefferson-Patchogue Road (State Route 112)
from the south and east.
Cross Sound Ferry Service, Inc., has operated the Orient Point
Ferry to New London, Connecticut, on a year-round schedule since 1975.
The distance by hi ghway from New London to Orient Point is nearly
230 miles in comparison to the 17 miles between the two points by
ferry connection. This trip for the crossing of Long Island Sound
takes an hour to an hour and a half, depending on winds and weather.
The Orient Point route registered nearly five times more annual
boat miles than the Bridgeport-Port Jefferson line; and with seventeen
route miles, it is presently the longest ferry route in the county.
Twelve round trips are made daily during the summer months,
using a fleet of four boats. The original fleet of single-ended vessels
which were converted World War II-period landing crafts (LSM) with a
maximum capacity of 300 passengers and 24 vehicles is gradually being
replaced by larger and more modern boats. The company bought a new
ferry in 1979 which carries 300 passengers and 52 vehicles, and in June,
1983, added a refitted 320-foot ferry with 800-passenger and 100-car
capacity. There are plans to include an additional ferry by 1984.
The company announced its intention to enlarge and pave the existing
parking area at Orient Point, construct a passenger terminal with a
computerized passenger reservation system and improve ferry docking
facilities.
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The company intends to initiate a new route connecting Montauk Harbor
and New London on a seasonal basis at first, with three daily trips, thus
making it possible for east end, south fork residents to have a convenient
and direct connection to New England.
Vehicular access to Orient Point terminal is provided from the Long
Island Expressway on the north fork by State Route 25 or County Road 48.
The Fishers Island Ferry District. A local semi-governmental agentY
is operating the year-round ferry service between Fishers Island, which is
administratively part of the Town of Southold and New London, Connecticut.
It typically carries up to 100,000 passengers a year and approximately
23,000 vehicles (cars and trucks). Its route mileage is less than half
(7.5 miles) of the other cross-Sound ferry routes because Fishers Island
lies between Connecticut and the tip of the north fork of Long Island.
Two boats run during the summer, but one is adequate to maintain the reduced
winter schedule.
Excurs i on Li nes
The excursion business in recent years has lost its popularity
due to changing recreational preferences. Only two routes, one in Great
South Bay, the other in Montauk Harbor, each operating one boat, provide
seasonal excursion services exclusively.
Captree Excursions operates excursion tours in Great South Bay from
Captree State Park boat basin with a 230-passenger boat, Captree Spray.
Cruises East makes e~cursion trips from Montauk Harbor to Block Island,
Rhode Island on an 85-passenger boat, Thimble Express.
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Ridership
As was previously mentioned, Fire Island (Great South Bay) and Plum
Island ferries and excursion boats carry passengers only, while the remain-
ing ferry routes (Shelter Island and Cross Sound Ferries) accommodate both
vehicles and passengers. The ridership data which was provided in the
1975 Inventory and Analysis section of the Suffolk County Comprehensive
Plan was taken from the 1975 Tri-State Regional Planning Commission's
Interim. Technical Report No. 4535-2129 which used 1972 figures. The majority
of these figures were given in estimates, probably because of difficulties
in obtaining exact numbers.
In this update, direct information for 1982 was gathered from ferry
companies by means of a questionnaire. The following Table 1 shows the
newly obtained figures, which can be compared with the 1972 data, Table 2.
In these tables, it is evident that in ten years the ridership has
grown substantially in all ferry groups;
Great South Bay ferry passengers increased by 103.7%
Shelter Island ferry passengers increased by 59.7%
Cross Sound ferry passengers increased by BO.8%
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TABLE 1
Marine Passenqer Carrier Annual Traffic Data - 1982
Boat Route' Boat Annual Annual Termi na 1 Published Wheelchair
Carriers Trips Mil es Miles Passengers Vehicles Parking Schedules Accessibil ity
FI RE ISLAND
Fire Island Ferries 16,000 6.5 104,000 650,000 1,000 Yes Yes
Zee Line 3,988 8.0 31,904 178,717 No 500 Yes Yes
Point O'Woods 580 8.2 4,756 21,802 150 Yes Yes
Island Ferry 2,314 4.5 20,826 122,050 125 Yes Yes
Sayville Ferry 2,529 4.0 10,116 200,000 Vehicles 1,000 Yes Yes
Sailors Haven 886 4.5 3,987 42,871 Yes Yes
Barrett Beach 358 4.0 1,432 19,900 100 Yes Yes
Davis Park Ferry 2,617 4.3 11,253 104,835 400 Yes Yes
Watch Hill 1,120 4.5 5,040 19,847 Carried 125 Yes Yes
Bellport Beach 698 2.5 1,745 9,417 20 Yes Yes
Total 31,090 195,059 1,369,439 3,420
I
.... SHELTER ISLAND
0>
, North Ferry 58,510 1.0 58,510 369,428 337,174 40+25'" Yes Yes
South Ferry 67,904 0.5 33,952 530,458 284,507 None Yes Yes
Total 126,414 92,462 899,886 621,681 65
PLlJIl ISLAND 4,367 2.5 10,917 114.400 No Veh.Car. ' 200 No No
CROSS SOUND FERRIES
Bridgeport-Port Jefferson 1,170 15.7 18,369 121,000 25,000 None Yes Yes
Orient Point-New London 5.152 16.8 86,554 250,000 104,000 200 Yes Yes
Total 6,322 104,923 371,000 129,000 200
FISHERS ISLAND 1,578 7.7 24,301 99,200 23,239 50 Yes Yes
EXCURSIONS
Captree Excursions 55 18.0 990 9,625 No Veh.Car. "'* Yes Yes
Crui ses East est.324 19.0 est. 6 156 est.10 000 40 Yes
ota 379 7,146 19,625 40
Grand Tota 1 170,150 434,808 2,873,550 773,920 3,975
* 40 Shelter Island - 25 Greenport
** Captree State Park Parking Field
-------------------
TABLE 2
Marine Passenger Carriers - Annual Traffic Data 1972-1982
Carriers
1972
GREAT SOUTH BAY
I
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.....
I
Fire Island Ferries
Zee Line
Point O'Woods
Is 1 and Ferry
Sayvi lle Ferry
Barrett Beach
Sai lors Haven 1 Nati ona 1
Watch Hill Seashore
Davis Park Ferry
Bellport Beach
Total
est. 400,000
est. 75,000
NA
est. 60,000
est. 60,000
NA
est. 25,000
52,300
NA
672,300
SHELTER ISLAND
North Ferry
South Ferry
Total
est. 281,700
est. 281,700
563,400
est. 144,000
PLlt1 ISLAND
CROSS SOUND FERRIES~
Bridgeport-Port Jefferson
Orient Point-New London
Total
Fishers Island-New London
74,500
118,600
193, 100
92,800
EXCURSIONS
Captree Excursions
Cruises East
Total
Grand Total
est. 4,700
est. 2.700
7.400
1,673,000
Annual Passengers
1982
650,000
178,717
21,802
122,050
200,000
19,900
42,871
19,847
104,835
9.417
1,369,439
{
369,428
530,458
899,886
114,400
121,000
250,000
371,000
99,200
9,625
est. 10.000
19.625
2,873,550
%
1972
Annual Vehicles
1982
+ 62.5
+138.0
+103.0
+233.0
J +150.1
+100.0
+103.7
NO VEHICLES CARRIED
+ 31.1
+ 88.3
+ 59.7
est. 200,000
est. 200.000
400,000
337,174
282.474
619,648
- 25.8
NO VEHICLES CARRIED
+ 62.4
+110.8
+ 80.8
+ 6.9
23,000
50.000
73,000
est. 20,000
+104.8
+270. ~
+165.2
+ 71.8
25,000
104.000
129,000
23,239
%
+ 68.6
+ 41.2
+ 54.9
+ 8.7
+108.0
+ 76.7
+ 16.2
NO VEHICLES CARRIED
493,000 771,887 + 56. 6
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Equipment
As shown in following Table 3, fifty-two passenger ferries and four
freight boats were run by marine operators in Suffolk County in 1982 as
compared to forty-seven and two in 1972.
Almost all ferry companies have expanded and upgraded their fleet by
replacing old and obsolete ferries with new ones. The newly acquired
ferries are mostly steel and aluminum hull vessels with increased passenger
capaci ty.
The overall boat passenger capacity grew from 8,449 in 1972 to 11,420
in 1982-83, an increase of 2,971 passengers, or 35.2%._ A cpmplete inventory
is contained in Table 4.
Vehicle-carrying ferries also increased their capacity by providing
more space for cars and trucks. In 1982-83, the overall automobile capacity
was 440, compared to 204 in 1972 (assuming that Fishers Island ferries
had the same capacity as in 1982) - an increase of 115.71.
Specifically, the cross-Sound ferry automobile capacity increased in
percentage even more dramatically. The Bridgeport to Port Jefferson route
increased by 242.9%(from 35 cars to 120) and the Orient Point to New London
by 182.9%(from 70 to 198), making the overall cross-Sound average increase
202.9%.
If the expansion plans for cross-Sound ferries is realized, even more
capacity will be added in the future:
1) On the Bridgeport-Port Jefferson route, from 120 cars to 180
car spaces
2) On the Orient Point-New London route, from 198 cars to 250
car spaces
Both companies have plans to include additional ferries in years to come.
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TABLE 3
Marine Transit Equipment 1982/1983
Vessels Passenger Capacity Vehicle Capacity
1972 1982-83
Pass./ Pass./
Carriers Freight Freight % 1972 1982-83 % 1982 1982-83 %
GREAT SOUTH BAY
Fire Island Ferries 13/2 11/2 - 18.2/- 1,978 2,471 + 24.9
Zee Line 4 4 548 548
Point O'Woods 1 1 119 119
Island Ferry 2 4/1 +100.0/100.0 175 402 +129.7 NO VEHICLES CARRIED
Sayvi 11 e Ferry 2 6 +200.0 297 1,088 +266.3
National Seashore Ferries 2 NA 125 NA
Davis Park Ferry 6 6~1 /100 737 1.019 + 38.3
Total 30/2 32 4 + 6.7/100.0 3,979 5,647 + 41.9
I SHELTER ISLAND
...
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I North Ferry 3 4 + 33.3 380 525 + 38.2 38 52 + 36.8
South Ferry 2 3 + 50.0 194 291 + 50.0 21 30 +.42.9
Total 5 7 + 40.0 574 816 + 42.2 59 82 + 39.0
PllJol ISLAND 2 3 + 50.0 479 523 + 9.2 NO VEHICLES CARRIED
CROSS SOUND FERRIES
Bridgeport-Port Jefferson 1 2 +100.0 1,061 2,061 + 94.2 35 120 +242.9
Orient Point-New London 3 4 + 33.3 899 1.699 + 89.0 70 198 +182 . 9
Total 4 6 + 50.0 1,960 3,760 + 91.8 105 318 +202.9
FI SHERS ISLAND 2 2 420 359 - 17.0 NA 40
EXCURSIONS
Captree Excursions 2 1 ~100.0 277 230 - 20.4
Cruises East 2 1 -100.0 754 85 -787.1 NO VEHICLES CARRIED
Total 4 2 -100.0 1.037 315 -229.2
Grand Tota 1 47/2 52/4 + 10.6/100.0 8,449 11 ,420 + 35.2 204 440 +115.7
I TABLE 4
Marine EauiDment Inventory - Summer, 1983
I Carrier- Year Certified Auto Load Type of
-Vessels Bui 1t Hull Length Pass.Capac. Capacity Operation
I FIRE ISLAND FERRIES,INC.
1. Fireball 1981 Steel 75' 298 Ferry
I 2. Vagabond 1979 Steel 75' 227 Ferry
3. Traveler 1977 Steel 75' 298 Ferry
4. Fire Island Miss 1976 Steel 75' 298 Ferry
I 5. Capt. Patterson 1972 Steel 75' 300 Ferry
6. Fire Island Belle 1948 Wood 64' 188 Ferry
7. Isle of Fire 1944 Wood 63' 160 Ferry
8. Fi rebi rd 1944 Wood 63' 150 Ferry
I 9. Fire Islander 1942 Wood 63' 150 Ferry
10. Fire Island Flyer 1933 Wood 64' 117 Ferry
11. Fire Island Queen 1920 Wood 95' 285 Ferry
t 2,471
1A. Fire Island Trader 1972 Steel 65' Freight
I 2A. Fire Island Maid 1932 Wood 58' Freight
ZEE LINE FERRY , INC.
I 1. Zee Lion 1966 Wood 65' 150 Ferry
2. Zee Whiz 1964 Wood 62' 150 Ferry
3. Zee Line r 1942 Wood 64' 167 Ferry
, 4. Sea vi ewer 1930 Wood 51' 81 Ferry
548
POINT O'WOODS ASSOCIATION
. 1. Point O'Woods V 1943 Wood 63' 119 Ferry
119
I ISLAND FERRY, INC.
I 1. Pathfi nder I I 1977 Steel 70' 180 Ferry
2. Uni f1 i ght 1972 Wood 30' 6 Ferry
3. Moni tor II 1963 Wood 51' 108 Ferry
4. Merri mac II 1962 Wood 51' 108 Ferry
I 402
1A. Beach Comber IV 1944 Wood 63' Freight
t SAYVILLE FERRY SERVICE,INC.
1. Fire Island Clipper 1979 Aluminum 75' 350 Ferry
. 2. Wayfarer III 1972 Steel 64' 199 Ferry
3. Fire Island Dutchess 1966 Wood 64' 150 Ferry
4. Fire Island Empress 1963 Wood 63' 150 Ferry
t 5. Matthabanks 1943 Wood 63' 150 Ferry
6. Roamer II 1940 Wood 55' 98 Ferry
1,097
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I TABLE 4 (cont'd)
Carrier- Year Certified Auto Load Type of
I -Vessels Bui 1t Hull Length Pass. Capac. Capacity Operatic
DAVIS PARK FERRY CO.INC.
a 1. Ki ki 1983 Steel 75' 296 Ferry
2. Meshomac 1969 Steel 43' 47 Ferry
3. Quaiapan 1967 Steel 64' 250 Ferry
I 4. Mackinac 1962 Steel 60' 150 Ferry
5. Highlander 1951 Wood 64' 214 Ferry
6. Leja Beach 1945 Wood 47' 62 Ferry
I 1,019
1A. Ocean Ri dge 1962 Steel 54' Freigh
t NORTH FERRY CO. INC.
1. New Prospect 1977 Steel 88' 96 14 Ferry
I 2. Greenport 1973 Steel 88' 129 14 Ferry
3. Islander 1968 Steel 87' 150 12 Ferry
4. Shelter Island 1961 Steel 81' 150 12 Ferry
I "ill" 52
SOUTH FERRY, INC.
t 1. South Ferry I I 1951 Steel 72,5' 97 12 Ferry
2. North Haven 1947 Steel 64' 97 9 Ferry
3. Capt. Ed Cartwright 1931 Stee 1 65' 97 9 Ferry
I m 30
U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE
I 1. MS Shahan 1963 Steel 98' 349 Ferry
2. Plum Isle 1963 Steel 68' 127 FerrY/Fre
3. PIADL IV 1953 Steel 64' 47 Ferry
I m
BRIDGEPT.-PT.JEFF STEAM.CO.
S 1. Grand Repub 1 i c 1983 Steel 276' 1,000 85 Ferry
2. Marthas Vineyard 1923 Steel 202' 1,061 35 Ferry
I 2,061 no
CROSS SOUND FERRY SERV.INC.
I 1. New London 1979 Steel 220' 300 52 Ferry
2. Caribbean 1971 Steel 116' 322 22 Ferry
3. Cape Henlopin 1960 Steel 320' 800 100 Ferry
I 4. Plum Island 1945 Steel 193' 277 24 Ferry
1,699 198
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Frequency of Service and Trip Times
Table No.5; Current Marine Passenger Operations - 1983, indicates
the services provided by marine operators in Suffolk County.
-22-
I TABLE 5
I Current Marine Passenger Operations - 1983
I Carriers- $
-Points Served by Operati ana 1 Max.Trip Approximate Est. One-Way One-Way Fal
Reg. Route Line Season Frequency Cross. Time Route Mil es _Pa~s./Veh.
I FIRE ISLAND FERRIES,INC.
I. Bay Shore-Kismet Mar-Nov 1 hr. 30 min. 6.0 3.75
t 2. Bay Shore-Saltaire Mar-Nov 1 hr. 30 min. 6.0 3.75
3. Bay Shore-Fair Harbor Mar-Nov 1 hr. 30 min. 6.2 3.75
4. Bay Shore-Dunewood Mar-Nov 1 hr. 30 min. 6.5 3.75
5. Bay Shore-Ocean Beach Mar-Nov 1 hr. 35 min. 7.2 3.75
I 6. Lateral Ferry Jun-Sep 3 daily 1 hr. 30 min. 12.0 3.75 - 5.0C
(Kismet-Cherry Grove)
7. Bay Shore-Atlantique Jun-Sep 2 daily 35 min. 6.7 4.0*
, Beach
ZEE LINE FERRY, INC.
I 1. Bay Shore-Seaview and Apr-Oct 30 min. 30 min. 8.0 3.50
Ocean Bay Park
I POINT O'WOODS ASSOCIATION
I. Bay Shore-Point M-F 6 Rdtr
t O'Woods Apr-Oct Sat 3 Rdtr 30 min. 8.2 3.50
Sun 5 Rdtr
ISLAND FERRY, INC.
I 1. Sayville-Cherry Grove Apr-Oct 1 hr. 30 min. 4.5 3.25
I SAYVILLE FERRY SERVICES,
INC.
, I. Sayville-Fire Island 12 Mo. 8 daily 25 min. 4.0 3.75
Pines
2. Sayvflle-Sailors May-Oct M-F 6 Rdtr 30 min. 4.5 3.00
Haven(Nat. Seashore) S-S 8 Rdtr
I 3. Sayville-Barrett Beach Jun-Sep M-F 3 Rdtr
S-S 4 Rdtr 30 min. 4.0 4.00*
I DAVIS PARK FERRY CO. ,INC.
1. Patchogue-Davis Park/ Mar-Sep 30 min. 25 min. 4.0 3.75
I Ocean Ri dge
2. Patchogue-Watch Hi 11 May-Sep 2 hrs. 25 min. 4.5 3.75
(Nat. Seashore)
3. Bel 1 port-Bel lport Jul-Sep 1 hr. 15 min. 2.5 4.50**
I Beach 5.50***
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I TABLE 5 (cont'd.)
, Carriers- $
-Points Served by Operational Max. Trip Approximate Est. One-Way One-Way Far
Reg.Route Line Season Frequency Cross. Time Route Miles Pass .; Veh.
I NORTH FERRY
1. Shelter Island Hts.- 12 mo. 20;min. 7 min. 1.0 0.50 3.5
t Greenport + dri
SOUTH FERRY
I 1. Shelter Island- 12 mo. 10 min. 5 min. 0.5 .50 4.C
North Haven + dri
, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE
1. Orient Point-Plum 12 mo. 12 dai ly 20 min. 2.5 Employees C
I Island
BRIDGEPORT-PORT JEFFERSON
I STEAMBOAT CO.
1. Bridgeport, Ct.-Port May-Jan M-F 6 Rdtr 80 min. 15.7 5.25 20.(
, Jefferson S-S 8 Rdtr + dri
CROSS SOUND FERRY SERVICE,
INC.
I 1. Orient Point-New 12 mo. 2 hr. 90 min. 16.8 5.50 17.(
"London, Ct. + dri
t, FISHERS ISLAND FERRY
D I STRI CT
t 1. Fishers Island-New 12 mo. 9 dai ly 45 min. 7.7 3.50 8.50
London, Ct. + dr-
I CAPTREE EXCURSIONS,INC.
1. Captree State Park May-Oct 1 dai ly 1.5 -4.0 hrs. 18.0* 4.00"
I F.I. State Pk.Points
CRUISES EAST, INC.
I 1. Montauk Harbor-Block Jul-Sep M-F 2 Rdtr 1 hr.-45 min. 18 10.00
Island, R.I. S-S 3 Rdtr 15.00 *
I * Round Trip
** Round Trip Weekdays
*** Round Trip Weekends
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Regulations and Licensing
Ferry operations in Suffolk County are subject to the following
laws and regulations:
- Effective May 22, 1979, the New York State Legislature amended
the licensing authority for ferry services from the "County Courts" to the
"Local Governing Body". The local governing body of the county may grant
licenses for keeping ferries in their respective jurisdictions for a term
not exceeding five years.
- In March, 1982, the Suffolk County Legislature adopted Local Law
No. 7-82, regulating ferry service operations in the County of Suffolk.
The purpose of this local law was to carry out the licensing and
rate-setting functions imposed on the Suffolk County Legislature by
Section 131 of the Highway Law; Article 8 of the Navigation Law; and
Article 6 of the Transportation Corporation Law.
No ferry service operator may engage in transportation of persons or
property within the waters connecting two points in Suffolk County unless
a license and franchise have been granted to such operator by the Suffolk
County Legislature.
The Office of Budget Review of the Suffolk County Legislature is
authorized to review the petition for the establishment, alteration,
reduction, change or modification of a ferry service rate, and is respon-
sible for the preparation of a report concerning said petition.
Interstate ferries are regulated by the Interstate Commerce Commission
(ICC). Regulations of vessels, their inspection, and passenger safety
are under the administration of the U.S. Coast Guard.
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The Improvement of the Existing Cross-Sound Ferry Services
Since the mid-1800's, attempts have been made to overcome Long Island's
"dead end" status. In 1844, Long Island Rail Road ran trains to Greenport
which connected to a boat to New London with final leg to Boston via the
Old Colony Railroad. Completion of the New Haven rail line along the
Connecticut shore made this connection obsolete. But the notion of a rail
link across the Sound emerged from time to time. In the 1960's, several
studies were made of the feasibility of a highway or a combined highway/
railroad link across the Long Island Sound, but they all met with strong
opposition from the local residents.
In the spring of 1980, New York and Connecticut governors directed
their respective departments of transportation to begin a study of improve-
ments in cross-Sound ferry services after it was decided that a new
cross-Sound bridge at any location for the foreseeable future was not
financially feasible.
A report addressing this issue was published in April, 1981. The
four key elements of the phased program were put forward:
1. Staged land access and terminal improvements and vessel acquisition
for the two existing Port Jefferson-Bridgeport and Orient Point-
New London services.
These services should be brought up to year-round operational
level with full use of auto, passenger and commercial truck
accorrmodations.
2. Initiation of detailed engineering, operations, financial and
environmental studies toward implementation of a third major
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year-round, cross-Sound ferry service routing somewhere between
New Haven and Shoreham.
New service in this general location has the best land access
potential of all sites studied and has the greatest number of
. supporters on both sides of the Sound - except for the many
residents and organizations from the Shoreham-Wading River area
that were opposed to this idea.
3. Creation of organizations in each of the states with responsibil-
ities for conducting service coordination and promotion assistance
for a third major cross-Sound ferry.
These organizations should be composed of appointed public and
private sector members, with responsible officials at the local
level, whose jurisdictions ought to be directly affected from
the ferry service program.
4. Identification of public funding that can serve as a catalyst
for major pri vate funding for ferry servi ce and faci 1 fty improve-
ments. It is expected that the principal improvement costs -
new vessels, supplementary equipment, and terminal facilities -
can be financed by user revenues and public funding of loan
guarantees.
Since the joint study of the Departments of Transportation of the
States of New York and Connecticut and subsequent reports and recommendations
were published in 1981, the following activities and ferry service improve-
ments have taken place:
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Port Jefferson to Bridgeport
In 1982, Suffolk County Industrial Development Agency authorized
the sale of $9.8 million in tax-free bonds to finance the construction
of the two new ferry boats for the Bridgeport and Port Jefferson Steam-
boat Company.
In 1983, the first vessel, the 276 foot Grand Republic, with a
l,OOO-passenger and 8S-car capacity, jOined the existing ferry, Marthas
Vineyard. With this new boat, the company extended the cross-Sound
service, which previously closed between mid-October to mid-May, to
practically a year-round operation. Service was improved during the
summer season from four round trips to six round trips during the week
aDd to eight round trips on weekends. The Grand Republic is licensed
to accommodate 300 passengers in winter and is heated. The heating
system of the Marthas Vineyard was unreliable, a factor which contributed
to low demand for service. During the winter of 1983-84, the Grand
Republic made three trips a day from Friday through Monday. It is not
in operation during the midweek. A reduced ferry schedule resumes in
late March or early April.
Subsequently, in December of 1983, the ferry company announced plans
to build a boat that will also be suited for winter crossings. The name
of this new boat has been already selected: Park City II. It will be
230 feet long and will hold about SOO passengers and 60 vehicles. The
original ferry used between Port Jefferson and Bridgeport, called Park
City (a nickname for Bridgeport), was in service between 1898 and 1949
on the same route.
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New York State's Transportation Bond Issue, approved in November,
1983, included $1.2 million to be distributed between the Bridgeport-
Port Jefferson and Orient Point-New London ferry companies for terminal
improvements. The Bridgeport-Port Jefferson Ferry Company is to receive
$BOO,OOO from New York State to expand its docking facilities and to build
a new roadway to reroute traffic from the ferry.
The City of Bridgeport has also received a $600,000 grant from
the State of Connecticut to improve the docks there, so that the Grand
Republic can load and unload cars without having to turn around.
Orient Point to New London
Cross-Sound Ferry Service acquired a new ferry boat, New London,
in 1979 for over two million dollars, with a capacity of 300 passengers
and 52 autos. Effective August, 1983, a retrofitted ferry, Cape Henlopin,
has been added to the existing fleet of three boats. This ferryboat has
a passenger capacity of BOO passengers and 100 cars. The Cross-Sound
Ferry Service Company is slated to receive $400,000 from New York State
to build a new passenger terminal at Orient Point, improve and enlarge
existing parking facilities, and put in new moorings that will help boats
dock in inclement weather.
A computerized passenger reservation system will be installed to
improve passenger service in the new passenger terminal, which will be
equipped with a passenger waiting area and other accommodations.
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An additional ferryboat is planned by the company to be added in the
1984 season. The company how has the capability of providin9 year-round
ferry service with twelve daily round trips during the summer high season,
and operates on a reduced schedule during the winter due to a diminished
demand.
The Cross-Sound Ferry Service, Inc., also has plans to launch a new
service from Montauk Harbor to New London, first with one boat, with
three daily trips, initially of seasonal duration and if the demand will
grow, add a second boat.
As can be seen, the major area of involvement for public funding is
in the cross-Sound ferry operations. This is due to their relative
importance regarding vehicular connections to New England which require
much larger capacity boats and docking facilities in contrast to the
Fire Island ferry connections which handle only passenger traffic. So
far, improvements in those and the Shelter Island ferry operations have
been user supported and most likely will continue to be so.
-30-
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