Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutEast Hampton Transportation PlanTOWN OF EAST HAMPTON COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT Prepared By: L.F~ McLEAN A~SOCIATBS, P.C. AUGUST 1997 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 TOWN OF EAST ~N TRANSPORTATION PLAN TABLE OF CON'i'~FS Executive Summary Introduction Overview of Circulation Mobility Deficiencies and Potential Solutions 3.1 Peak Tourist Season 3.2 NY Route 27 3.3 "Downtown" Areas 3.4 Other Mobility Deficiencies 3.5 Special Events 3.6 Public Input Process 3.'7 Future Growth and Development 3.8 Potential Alternative Solutions 3.9 Experience in Other Locales Rail Transportation 4.1 Existing Service and Ridership 4.2 Capital Projects 4.3 Needs and Deficiencies 4.4 Recommendations Bus Transportation 5.1 Ridership Characteristics 5.2 Funding 5.3 Bus Routes and Ridership 5.4 Bus Service 5.5 Needs 5.6 Recommendations PAGE S-l 1-1 2-1 3-1 3-1 3-3 3-4 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-9 3-10 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 5-1 5-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 SECTION 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS DESCRIPTION Ferries 6.1 Existing Service 6.2 Potential Service 6.3 Potential Service {o Montauk 6.4 Potential Ferry Activity 6.5 Recommendations Airports 7.1 Town Airport 7.2 Montauk Airport 7.3 Recommendations Highways 8.1 Highway Network 8.2 Traffic Volumes 8.3 Highway Capacity 8.4 Traffic Accidents 8.5 Future Capacity & Safety Improvements .8.6 Other Highway Needs 8.7 'Traffic Calming' 8.8 Recommendations "Downtown' Areas 9.1 Mobility 9.2 Parking 9.3 Pedestrian Travel 9.4 Needs and Deficiencies 9.5 Recommendations Bicycles 10.1 Current and Planned Bicycle Facilities 10.2 Needs and Deficiencies 10.3 Recommendations PAGE 6-I 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-21 6-21 7-1 7-1 7-2 7-2 8-1 8-1 8-2 8-5 8-6 8-8 8-8 8-13 8-16 9-1 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-4 10-1 10-1 10-2 10-3 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 Appendix A TOWN OF EAST I-IAMI~ON TRANSPORTATION PLAN TABLE OF CONTId/qTS Other Modes of Travel 11.1 Taxis 11.2 Rollerblading 1!.3 Recommendations Demand Management 12.1 Clean Air Act Amendments 12.2 Demand Management Techniques 12.3 Applicable Techniques for ~t Hampton 12.4 'Recommendations Land Use Plan 13.1 Relationship to Transportation 13.2 Recommendations Regional Considerations 14.1 Relationship to Town of Southampton 1996 Comprehensive Plan Up-Date 14.2 East End Issues 14.3 Recommendations Funding and Implementing of Recommendations 15.1 Transportation Improvement Program 15.2 Town Funding 15.3 Public/Private Partnerships 15.4 Recommendations Bibliography LCitizens A~ddvisory Committee~eeting Summaries PAGE 11-1 11-1 11-1 11-2 12-1 12-2 12-3 12-8 12-10 13-1 13-2 14-1 14-1 14-2 14-6 15-1 15-2 15-2 15-6 15-8 2-1 2-2 2-3 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 4-1 5-1 6-1 7-1 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 8-7 8-8 8-9 8-10A,B 8-11 8-12 8-13, 8-13A 10-1 14-1 LIST OF F_.XHIBITS Title Location Plan Study Area License Plate Study Average Daily Traffic by Month P~t Hampton Time Delay Amagansett Time Delay Montauk Time Delay Airports and Rnilroad Stations Bus Routes Potential Terminal Sites-Ferry Service to Montauk Town Airport Layout Plan Federal Aid Eligible Roadways 1996 Average Daily Traffic Volumes Count Station No. 4 Data - P~sthound Count Station No. 4 Data - Westbound Count Station No. 5 Data - Eastbound Count Station No. 5 Data - Westbound Count Station No. 26 Data ~ Eastbound Count Station No. 26 Data - Westbound 1965, 1982 and 1996 Average Daily Traffic Volumes Comparison Existing Turning Movement Volume Map Arterial Level of Service High Accident Locations Conceptual North Main Street Realignment Alternatives Bicycle Facilities Vision Goals - 'Southampton Tomorrow-Transportation" 2-1 2-1 2-2 3-1 3-4 3-4 3-4 4-1 5-1 6-3 '7-2 8-2 8-2 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-7 8-16 10-2 14-1 LIST OF TABLES 2-1 2-2 2-3 3-1 3-2 4-1 5-1 5-2 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-'/ 8-1 8-lA 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 12-1 15-1 Title Origin of Eastbound Vehicles - Route 27 Origin of Eastbound Vehicles - AM Count Origin of Pa~tbound Vehicles - PM Count Comparison of Summer and "Off Smson" Traffic Volumes of Route 27 Future Level of Service with Potential Traffic Growth along Route 27 LIRR Service to Montank Bus Routes and Fn~luencies Bus Ridership Ferry Traffic Vehicular Brenlcdown Preliminary Capacity Analysis-Ferry at Fort Pond Bay Preliminary Capacity Analysis-Ferry at Lake Montauk Preliminary Capacity Analysis-Ferry at Napeague Calculated Queue Lengths at Selected Intersections Level of Service Using Peak Hour Adjustment due to Ferry Traffic Surge Potential Effects of Montauk Ferry on Route 27 Level of Service 1965, 1982, and 1996 ADT Comparisons Comparison of Summer and "Off Season" Level of Service on Route 27 Preliminary Capacity Analysis (Saturday) High Accident Location Summary Roadway Summary - General Characteristics and Conditions Potential Improvements at High Accident Locations Types of Parking lvlanagement Tactics Key Capital Improvements 2-2 2-3 2-3 3-2 3-9 4-1 5-2 5-2 6-13 6-15 6-15 6-15 6-15 6-16 6-17 8-3 8-5 8-6 8-6 8-12 8-16 12-7 15-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMFrON TRANSPORTATION PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Town is at a 'crossroads" in terms of developing a solution to its worsening traffic congestion in the summer season. Currently, traffic volumes on highways such as Route 27 are at, or near, opacity, often for many hours of the day. Average summer traffic growth increases on the Town's roadways exceed 8 percent per year, which causes congestion levels to increase on more roadway segments every year. Typical average annual traffic growth elsewhere on Long Island is on the order of 1-2 percent per year. In an attempt to preserve the rural character of the Town, the pubhc mandate is to avoid the following roadway improvements: Adding thru travel lanes on existing roads Constructing 'bypass" roads to congested routes Installing traffic signals Encouraging use of existing "bypass" roads In fids context, the Town must, therefore, look to other modes of travel, particularly rail and bus, to accommodate summer traffic conditions and thereby attempt to manage the overwhelming demand on its roadway system. This is consistent with the goals of the lntermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, and with other, similar $-1 areas of the country such as Cape Cod. It will hopefully enable the Town to avoid the traditional policy of widening roads, only to see the additional capacity exhausted when more vehicles are attracted to the improved roadways, as has occurred in western Suffolk County, Nassau County, and in New York City since the 1920's. Similar to the educational efforts organized in the past for recycling, formal programs should be established to inform the public, including children, of the benefits of alternative modes of travel to the automobile. One of the principal reasons for updaling the Transportation Element of the Town's Comprehensive Plan is the proposal to establish new ferry service from Montauk to Connecticut. On the surface this would appear to be a benefit, in that a ferry has the potential for accommodating trips now made by automobile. However, many of these trips will be "new" trips generated by casinos in Connecticut as well as recreational facilities in Montauk. Capacity analyses were conducted for several ferry 'scenarios" of varying intensity and frequency of service at three potential terminal sites. The results indicate that a new ferry has the potential to cause a significant degradation in levels of service at roadway intersections providing access to a new terminal site. In many cases, these levels are already poor. As a result, it is recommended that this ferry service not be instituted. $-2 Similarly, it is recommended that potential new development projects in the Town be limited in size in order not to cause significant degradation in levels of service. Roadway mitigation measures for developments would nexxl to avoid the aforementioned improvements deemed undesirable to the public. KEY SPECIFIC RECOMMF_/qDATIONS Hi~,hwa_v System (see Pa_~es 8-14 and 8-161 - Work with NYSDOT to update list of Federal-Aid roadways - suggest Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) as one criteria, possibly $,000 vehicles as threshold. - Improve safety at High Accident Locations - implement improvements on Table 8-5. Update and review this data on a regular basis. Improve Route 27 by rehabilitating pavement and installing left turn lanes where appropriate. Improve Route 114 (alignment and speed zone signing). Improve veriical clearances beneath LIRR overpass at four potential locations. Implement safety improvements on other roads (Table 8-4). Construct shoulders where appropriate, particularly whero significant bicycling activity occurs or is anticipated. Consider reduction in pavement widths where appropriate to create shoulders. Construct safety paths/sidewal~ where significant pedesa-ian activity occurs. Rail (see Pa~,es 4-4 and 4-51 Conduct a major study to address means of improving New York City and Intra-South Fork se.wico. Improve intermodal coordination (c.g. with bus service, taxi, automobile parking and drop-off, bicycles and pedestrians). Develop a long-range Transit Development Plan (TDP) to address utilization of public bus transit lo address traffic congestion and parking problems. elements: 0 0 0 0 The plan should evaluate the following A demand responsive (dial-a-ride) type service Shuttle bus service from 'fringe' parking areas to beaches and business districts Shuttle bus service between motels, shopping areas and tourist attractions Coordination of these services (i.e. transfer points) and with rail service As an interim, low cost demonstration project, establish summer weekend trial shuttle service to connect downtown areas, beaches, and shopping areas. Evaluate the success of this operation, and consider expansion to incorporate rail stations as well. Work with Suffolk County Transit to optimize muting and scheduling of existing bus routes. Explore alternatives Io market existing service and potential new routes. At both the Town's airport in Wainscott, and at the private Montauk Ah'port, implement only specific, previously identified, improvements which will not encourage gwwth in operations and S-4 cause negative environmental impacts. Take steps to implement the bicycle system identified in Exhibit 10-1, after conducting a study of affected roadways to ascertain whether appropriate pavement widths and signs can be provided. Prioritize bicycle education in schools. Provide additional bicycle facilities at beaches, shopping areas and train stations. In the business districts of East Hampton Village, Amegansett and Montauk, parking spaces are very often in short supply in the summer season? The proliferation of vehicles circulating through these areas in search of parking spaces contributes to traffic congestion. Fringe parking areas, desirably in existing, under-utilized parking fields should be established. Transportation from the parking areas to businesses, (e.g. shuttle bus services) should be provided when the lots Evaluation of the proposed summer weekend shuttle bus service will be instrumental in de. mining sites for fringe parking areas. $-5 Other Modes of Travel Regulate taxi service and fares. Institute rollerblading/skafing safety education measures. Funding and Implementation The Town should aggressively pursue its fair share of public funding for the highway and ~sit projects (including studies) identified in this report, through the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) process. The Town should maintain its level of funding for its own highway capital and maintenance projects in future years. Public/private partnership techniques, including Transportation Improvement Districts, should be utilized to supplement public funding sources. Town governments, Town residents and the business community must work together to develop the resources to implement the recommendations of this report. As noted previously, the rail and bus modes of travel offer the best promise for alleviating the effects of current and future highway congestion in the Town. Strong leadership and cooperation among Town officials, and agencies such as NYSDOT, Suffolk County Transit and the Long Island Rail Road, is required to transform the recommended improvements to reality. $-6 1.0 INTRODUCTION In the mid-1960's, a comprehensive plan was prepared for the Town and Village of East Hampton, New York. This comprehensive plan, presented in two parts in 1966 and 1967, was prepared by Edwin S. Voorhees and Son, Inc. The Town of ~.~t Hampton is now embarking on an up-date to this comprehensive plan, the first since the mid-1960's. This report is an up- date of the transportation component of the 1966 plan. The Town has undergone major changes since the mid-1960's. In addition to experiencing a significant growth in year round population, the Town has seen ever increasing growth in tourist activity, primarily in the summer season. The population of the Town in the mid-1960's wa~ approximately 10,000 year round residents. That figure grew to slightly above 16,000 residents, based on the 1990 census. Although there are no hvailable statistics regarding population during the summer, it is felt that this figure is on the order of four or five times the year round population. Prior to performing any activities associated with the development of this report, a Technical Advisory Committee was formed. The purpose of this Committee was to guide the course of the project and assure that the type and extent of work tasks undertaken were sufficient to achieve the goal of developing a comprehensive Transportation Plan. The Committee was composed of members of the Town of East Hampton Town Board, Town Planning Department, Town Highway Department, the Village and Planning Boards of the Village of East Hampton, 1-1 the Village of I~ast Hampton Highway Department, Suffolk County Department of Public Works, the New York State Department of Transportation, the Long Island Rail Road, Concerned Citizens of Montauk, and the project consultant, L.K. McLean Associates, P.C. Public input was a key consideration in developing the recommendations for this comprehensive Transportation Plan. Public participation was solicited during meetings of thc five Citizen Advisory Committees, each representing a different portion of thc Town of East Hampton. In addition, a Town Board meeting was held to present the draft report for public comments. It is no secret to both residents of East Hampton and residents of surrounding towns, that the key concern related to Townwide transportation is the improvement in mobility during the summer season. A significant portion of the work undertaken during the course of this study was related to this key issue. Several transportation studies have been prepared since 1966 to address the growing congestion prevalent in l:a~t Hampton and other na~t End Towns. These include the following: Up-date of Traffic Circulation Plan, Town of East Hampton, prepared by the Suffolk County Department of Planning (Transportation Division) in April 1983. This report served as an interim up-date of the traffic circuhtion section of the Town's Comprehensive Plan. The traffic circulation section of the report encompassed existing transportation conditions in the Town and Village of last Hampton. 1-2 South Fork Transportation Study (February 1986). This transportation study was prepared by Vollmer Associates for the New York State Department of Transportation. The study area for this report was east of the Shinnecock Canal, including portions of the Town of Southampton, and the Village of Southampton, and the entire Town of l~t Hampton. Montauk Arterial Highway Capacity Study prepared by L.K. McLean Associates, P.C. (1986). This report assessed existing conditions at key intersections in the Montauk area. It developed recommendations for traffic mitigation measures which could be implemented during future development occurring in the Montauk area. · 0 Blueprint for Our Future (Report to Governor Marlo Cuomo) by the East lend Economic and Environmental Task Force (1993). This study identified recommendations, including those related to transportation, necessao] to strengthen the P~t End economy while preserving its environment. Southampton Tomorrow - Transportation Study (1996). This draft technical report was prepared for the Town of Southampton. Similar to this report, it is an up-date of the Wansportation element of the Town's comprehensive plan. The report is still currently in draft status, pending review and development of final recommendations. 1-3 2.0 OVERVIEW OF CIRCULATION The Town of l~t Hampton is located at the extreme eastern end of Long Island's South Fork as depicted in Exhibit 2-1. As can be seen on the location map (Eoxhibit 2-2), the Town is approximately 22 miles long, and varies in width from less than one mile to almost eight miles wide. Within the limits of the. Town are two Villages. These are the Village of Fa~t Hampton, which is entirely surrounded by the Town, and a portion of the Village of Sag Harbor, most of which actually lies within the Town of Southampton, which borders East Hampton to the west. As noted previously, the population in the Town rises significantly during the summer tourist season. Although in the past, the season extended from Memorial Day to Labor Day, recent years have seen an extension in this peak tourist period. An approximation of monthly traffic destined for the Town of East Hampton can be made from a continuous traffic count station on Route 27 in Southampton. Data from this count station is presented in Section 3.1. In the pe~k tourist season, sightseers and summer residents travel to the Town primarily by automobile, bus and rail. Some trips are also made by air to the Town airport in Wainscott and by limited ferry service from New London to Montauk. The overwhelming majority of automobile traffic travelling into the Town does so on one of two State roadways. These are Route 27 and Route 114. Route 114 can'ies traffic from the Village of Sag Harbor and Shelter Island, which are located northwest of the Town. Route 27 2-1 TOWN OF ~T ~JLI~Y)N L. K. MoLEA~ ASSOCIATES, PC. ~J'~.'l NEW YORK STATE / LONG SLAND SOUND Queens ass u Istip Brookhaven Riverheod Southampton Island PROJECT LOCATION- ATLANTIC OCEAN GRAPHIC SCALE 1 inch ~ 5280ft. at the Southampton-East Hampton border carries about 29,000 vehicles on an average summer day, which is about 2-1/2 times the traffic on Route 114 at the East Hampton-Village of Sag Harbor line. In order to obtain an overview of the origins of traffic on Route 27 on a summer Saturday, license plates of vehicles entering the East Hampton business district were recorded. Approximately 500 license plates were obtained in each of two periods, on a Saturday morning and during a Saturday mid-afternoon. The State Department of Motor Vehicles provided names and addresses of the people to whom the vehicles were registered, for those vehicles registered in New York State. Exhibit 2-3 is a map summarizing the origin (location of registration) of the vehicles observed in the study. Table 2-1 provides a comparison of origin data with similar data collected in 1965. The 1965 data was obtained through motorist interviews. The 1996 data was adjusted to delete non- matching plate numbers, as well as New York plates held by out-of-state owners, in order to better estimate specific trip origins. The 1996 results shown in Table 2-1 indicate a substantial decrease in trips originating within the V~ll~ge of F-,~t Hampton, and increases in the following trip origins: o New Jersey o Westchester Area (Westchester and Rockland Counties) o 'Other~ Areas (comprised primarily of Upstate New York, New England States and States south or west of New Jersey) 2-2 TABLE 2-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN ORIGIN OF EASTBOUND VEIIICLES - ROUTE 27 (EAST HAMPTON VILLAGE) AUGUST 17, 1996 AUGUST 17, 1996 TRIP ORIGINS AUGUST 14, 1965 AM COUNT PM COUNT % % % SUFFOLK COUNTY 38.4 34.3 31.9 NEW YORK CITY (5 BOROUGHS) 24.3 20.2 21.3 VILLAGE OF EAST HAMPTON 16.3 4.8 4.0 NASSAU COUNTY 13.2 10.3 12.7 NEW JERSEY 3.9 8.0 9.2 WESTCH~TER AREA 2.6 6.5 6.9 OTHER 1.3 15.9 14.0 TOTAL I 100.0 I 100.0 I IO0,.O ,','",,~ .~ ,~,'~ ~,~o o~s DMVSMARY. WK3 NEW JERSEY STATEN ISLAND POINTS SOUTH AND WEST UPSTATE NEW YORK ROCKLAND DUTCHESS WESTCHESTER NEW YORK Cl'l'~ BRONX (.~.Kings Queens Co. Nassau County Babylon CONNECTICUT L Islip LEGEND PERCENTAGE OF CARS 19.~8'~1'1t.19'~1 I I I A'T LANTIC TOWN OF EAST HA.MPTON ~RTATION PLAIq u.&'bATI ~T~ OUT-OF-COUNI~Y m-~Oll-lER NEW ENGLAND STATES [~ I~a, SSACH USEIII'S NEW YORK REGISTRATION / OUT-OF-STATE OWNER '~N~ YORK RE[G~STRATIONS.~.(N.~O_I~-MATCHING) · .T~ I~I'.A~ STUDY L. K. ~el.~:.A~'~ ~SSOCLA..Ti~.S, P.C. ON(; ISLAND SOUND ~khoven Riverheod Islond Southompton )ton PROJECT LOCAT1ON CEAN HAMPTON POST OFFICE BOXES EAST HAMPTON V1LLAGE FAST HAMPTON (EAST OF SURVEY LOCATION) HAMPTON (WEST OF SURVEY LOCATION) Detailed breakdowns of the 1996 morning and afternoon data appear in Tables 2-2 and 2-3. Suffolk County Transit operates regularly scheduled bus service to and within the Town of East Hampton. Regularly scheduled private service is provided primarily by two operators, Hampton Jitney and Hamptons on my Mind. Both of these operators provide service to Midtown Manhattan from Montauk. The Long Island Rail Road operates regularly scheduled service to the Town of l~a~t Hampton via the Montauk Branch of the railroad. This year round service is supplemented by additional weekend service during the summer season. In addition to the aforementioned Town airport in Wainsentt, a private airport which accommodates small planes is located in Montauk. The United States Census data from 1990 indicates that approximately 80 percent of Town residents utilize an automobile, ffuck or van to journey to work. Approximately 10 percent participate in some sort of carpool on their trip to work, and approximately 6 percent utilize public transportation, which within the Town is provided solely by bus or rail. Within the Village of Fzst Hampton, approximately 68 percent of residents utilize an automobile, track, or van for their journey to work, 11 percent participate in carpools and 8 percent utilize public transportation. 2-3 TABLE 2-2 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN ORIGIN OF VEHICLES - AM COUNT TOTAL NUMBER OF CARS RECORDED -- 524 TOWN/HAMLETNILLAGFYETC.. [ NUMBER OF CARS BABYLON 10 1.91 BRONX 4 0.76 BROOKtIAVEN 28 5.34 CONlqECTICIYr 19 3.63 DUTCHESS 2 0.38 EYu.qT HA_MPTON POST Oi'lqCE BOXES 13 2.48 EAST HAMPTON Vn'.T.&GE 12 2.29 EAST HAMPTON (EAST OF SURVEY LOCATION) 48 9.16 EAST HAMi~ON (WEST OF SURVEY LOCATION) 16 3.05 HLrNi'II~OTON 16 3.05 ISLIP 15 2.86 KINCtS COUNTY 8 1.53 MAS S ACHUS~:IT.'I 5 0.95 NASSAU 54 10.31 NEW JERSEY 42 8.02 NEW YORK CiTY 62 11.83 OTI-~R NEW ENGLAND STATES 18 3.44 OUT-OF-COUNTKY I 0.19 POINTS SOUTFI AND WEST 20 3.82 QU~F. NS 29 5.53 RIVERHRAD 1 0.19 ROCKLAND 5 0.95 SMI-i'I-iTOV~XT 7 1.34 SOUT~ON 36 6.87 SOUTHOLD 3 0.57 STATEN ISLAND 3 O.57 UPSTATE HEW YORK 18 3.44 WESTCI:IESTER 29 5.53 TOTAl., I 524 { 100.00 NEW YORK STATE REGISTRATION I OUT-OF-STATE OWNER AND NEW YORK REGISTRATIONS (NON-MATCHING) EXCLUDED FROM TOTAL 02/11/97 03:54 PM AMCOUNT. WK3 TABLE 2-3 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN ORIGIN OF VEHICLES - PM COUNT TOTAL NUMBER OF CARS RECORDED -- 479 TOWN/HAMLET/V~LLAGF_JETC... [ NUMBER OF CARS ] % BABYLON 9 1.88 BROlqX 4 0.84 BROOKI-IAVEN 27 5.64 CONNECTICUT 15 3.13 ' DUTCHESS 1 0.21 EAST HAMPTON POST OFFICE BOXES 11 2.30 EAST HAMPTON Vn.L&GE 8 1.67 EAST HAMPTON (EAST OF SURVEY LOCATION) 35 7.31 EAST HAMPTON (WEST OF SURVEY LOCATION) 6 1.25 HUNTINGTON 17 3.$5 ISLIP 22 4.59 KllqC~ COUNTY 11 2.30 NASSAU 61 12.73 NEW ~RSEY 44 9.19 NEW YORK CITY 52 10.$6 OTHER NEW ENGLAND STATES 7 1.46 OUT-OF-COUNTRY 3 0.63 POINTS SOUTH A_ND WEST 5 1.04 QU~-I~NS 32 6.68 RIVERHEAD 4 0.84 ROCKLAHD 3 0.63 SlVI[II-ITO'~VN 8 1.67 SO~ON 24 $.01 · SOUTttOLD I 0.21 STATEN ISLAND 3 0.63 UPSTATE NEW YORK 36 7.$2 WESTCHF~qTER ' 30 6.26 ~rrAL [ 479 [ ~oo.oo NEW YORK REG~TION / OUT-OF-STATE OWNER AND NEW YORK REGISTRATIOI~IS (NON-MATCHING) EXCLUDED FROM TOTAL 02/11/97 03:57 PM PMCOUNT.WK." 3.0 MOBILITY DEFICIENCIES AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS Numerous deficiencies in mobility, i.e. the ability of persons and goods to travel within the Town, were noted during the course of this study~ These deficiencies were identified by field observations, by analysis of traffic volume data collected during the study, and iluough input obtained at meetings with the Town's five Citizens Advisory Committees. In addition, input from the Village of ~a~t Hampton was obtained at meetings of the Technical Advisory Committee. 3.1 PEAK TOURIST SEASON As noted in Section 2.0, the length of the traditional summer tourist season has been increasing over the last several years. The most serious mobility deficiencies occur during this season, when the tourist-related trips combine with commuter and other trips of year round residents on the existing highway network. An attempt was made to graphically compare average monthly traffic volume data. Data from NYSDOT's 'Continuous' count station on Route 27 near the Shinnecock Canal in Southampton was obtained. Unfortunately, although data for most months is available in the 1991-1994 time period, only older data was available for the remaining months. Shown on Exhibit 3-1 is the adjusted, NYSDOT count data for each month. The following conclusions can be drawn: 4~000 EXHIBIT 3-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (ADT) BY MONTH MOI~rl~ 'a'~NYSDOT CONTINUOUS COUNT STATION - NOTE:AVERAGE AIMUSTED DATA FOR 19f1-1994 TIME PERIOD (SEE SECTION 3.1 OF YEXT) NYSDOT DATA ADJUSTED BY 1~ SLrFFOLK CO~.//qTY D.P.W. MONTHLy FACTORS FOR EAST END TOWNS ~ Months ~ Auux. % of Yearly Traffic ~une 1-Sept 1 3 25 36 June l-Oct 1 4 33 44 May 1-Oct 1 5 42 53 Also shown on Exhibit 3-1 is estimated monthly traffic using 1986 Suffolk County Department of Public Works monthly adjustment factors for the East End Towns. The volumes obtained using the County factors are slightly higher in the off-season, but markedly lower than those in July and August. This would seem to indicate a significant increase in traffic in those two months in the 1986-1994 time period; however, more data is need to coni'u'm this conclusion. Data was collected between April 11 and April 21, 1997 at three locations along Route 27, in order to compare "off season" traffic to that in August 1996. The results, as shown on Table 3-1, indicate varying relationships between April and August data. Data collected in Walnscott and Amagansett indicates that April volumes are between 67 percent and 54 percent of August volumes, which is consistent with State and County percentages of 56 percent and 76 percent, respectively, computed from the graph on Exhibit 3-1. Data collected in Montauk, however, indicates a more dramatic difference between April and August, in that August volumes are three times those in April. Peak hour traffic volumes are used to determine level of service, which is an indication of operating conditions on a highway. As shown on Table 3-1, peak hour volumes in April at the two westerly Route 27 locations are closer to the August hourly totals than are the corresponding daily totals. ]For example, April peak hour volumes in Wain~cott are 84 percent of those for the 3-2 TABI ~= 3-1 TOWN OF'EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COMPARISON OF SUMMER AND 'OFF SEASON' LEVEL OF SERVICE ON ROUTE 27 % TRAFFIC AUGUST 96 APRIL 97 APRIL/AUGUST AVERAGE PEAK AVERAGE PEAK DAILY HOUR DAILY HOUR AVERAGE PEAK LOCATION TRAFFIC VOLUME TRAFFIC VOLUME DAY HOUR Wainscott (No. 5) 29,007 2,134 19,315 1,793 67% 84% Arnagansett (No. 26) 21,772 1,733 11,746 1,124 54% 65% Montauk (No. 4) 9,075 1,309 3,001 383 33% 29% NOTES: 1. All figures are two-way traffic (sum of both directions). RGD:efr 04/30/97 August .peak hour, compared with 67 percent on a dsily basis. In effect, then, the April "off season" peak hour traffic volumes are within about 15 percent of peak hour volumes in August. 3.2 NY ltO .IJ"~E 27 The most dramatic evidence of mobility deficiencies during the peak tourist season occurs along NY Route 27 (Montauk Highway). Route 27 is essentially a two lane road for most of its length. West of the Town, Route 27 continues as two lanes to a point just east of the Shinnecock Canal where it becomes a four lane limited-access facility. It is the primary route to the South Fork from points west. Within the Town of ~t Hampton, Route 27 passes through soveral business districts on its way to Montauk Point, which is located at the eastern tip of the South Fork. These districts include Wainscott, the ViLlage of East Hampton, Amagansett, and Montauk. Congestion occurs along Route 27 in these areas as through traffic competes for available highway capacity with traffic destined for business areas. Particularly in the Village of East Hampton, traffic is slowed when vehicles enter and exit on-street parking spaces, sometimes blocking through traffic for a significant period of time. In addition to traffic congestion from vehicles, a large amount of pedestrians desire to cross Route 27 in thc main business area near Newtown l~n~e. Significant pedestrian crossing activity occurs in Wainscott, Amagansett, and Montauk as well. Speed and delay studies were conducted along Route 27 during summer Saturdays. These studies were conducted in the business districts of F-~t Hampton, Amagansett and Montauk. The results are shown on Exhibits 3-2, 3-3 and 3-4. Lowest average speeds were observed in 3-3 the East Hampton business area. In both directions, the lowest average speeds were observed between Newtown and Egypt Lanes, east of the main business area of the Town. The average speed in this segment was about 17 miles per hour. Congestion on Route 27 over the years has led to use of local roads as bypass routes with increasing frequency. Residents living on these roadways have expressed concern with the magnitude of txaffic increases, as well as the speeds of vehicles on these roadways. There has been an expressed desire to limit traffic volumes on these roadways to current levels. 3.3 DOWNTOV~N ARI~,AS In addition to the congestion experienced on NY Route 27, business districts, particularly East Hampton, experience shortages of parking. These shortages are most apparent on overcast or rainy summer days, when tourists' deslinations often change from beach to shopping areas. The Village experiences virtually full utilization of parking located along Route 27 and in the rear of stores fronting Route 27. Parking is often available in remotely-loeated parking lots, which require up to a five minute walk for motorists to reach their ultimate shopping destinalion. 3.4 OTm~ MOBILrI*¥ DEFICIENCHe. q Key deficiencies in other modes of travel were made evident during the course of this study. Prominent among these were the following: 3-4 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN EXHIBIT 5-2 i,i i,i 50--' 40.- 301 20,i 101 1.0 I I 1.5 2.0 KEY EQstbound Wesfbound DISTANCE (MILES) EAST HAMPTON TIME DELAY (N.Y. 27~ SATURDAY, AUGUST 17, 1996 START: 11:13 A.M, END: 12:13 P.I L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES CONSULTING ENGINEERS TOWN OF' EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN EXHIBIT 5-5 50--- 40'-- 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 ,KEY Easfbound Wesfbound DISTANCE (MILES) AMAGANSETT TIME DELAY ('N.Y. 27) SATURDAY, AUGUST 17, 1996 START: 1:40 P.M. END: 2:44 P.M L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES CONSULTING ENGINEERS FIRC)OKHAVFN. NFW YF)RK 1171q TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN EXHIBIT 5-4 50m 0 ~' "J -- zO 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 KEY Easfbound Westbound DISTANCE (MILES) MONTAUK TIME DELAY ('N.Y. 27) SATURDAY, AUGUST 17, 1996 START: 1:12 P.M. END: 1:5t L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES CONSULTING ENGINEERS R~OCJKHAVFN NFW Y~K 1171Q Limited public bus service. There is a perceived need among the public for more frequent service, and extension of service later in the day and on weekends. Improved coordination of service with rail service and employment hours is also a concern, as well as extension of summer mutes either to spring and fall months, or to full, year round Improved Long Island Rail Road service. There is a perceived public need for improvement in the scheduling of service to New York City, as well as for service among the South Fork communities. 3.5 SPECIAL EVENTS Special events which occur in the peak tourist season often exacerbate traffic conditions in the Town. A review of 1995 Special Events Permits issued by the Town revealed that 12 such events occurred that year. Some events occurred over two or more days. Permits were issued between May 1 and October 8 for the following events: o Fairs, Sales, Shows (e.g. Crafts, Antiques) 5 o Festivals, Celebrations, Picnics, Regattas 4 o Fireworks 3 Traffic control (vehicular and pedestrian) in the immediate vicinity of these events often becomes challenging, as motorists trying to access the event search for a parking space, then attempt to cross congested roadways (such as Route 27) to attend the event. Traffic leaving fireworks events is particularly difficult to manage, because most persons attending the event wish to depart immediately after it concludes. 3-5 3.6 PUBLIC INPUT PROCESS Public input on perceived transportation problems and solutions was sought at meetings with the five Citizens Advisory Committees within the Town: o Montauk o Wainscott o Springs o Village of Sag Harbor o Amagansett A brief presentation, consisting of the purpose of the Transportation Plan Up-Date, observed safety problems at locations with a significant numbe~ of traffic accidents, and trends in traffic volumes, was made before each Committee. The presentation followed the outline in Appendix A. Following the presentation, Committee input on problems and solutions was solicited. Similar input regarding transpomtion needs and concerns in the Village of ]~t Hampton was obtained from Village representatives at the Technical Advisory Committee meetings. A summary of transportation needs and concerns expressed by each group appears in Appendix A, along with a summary of each meeting. It quicldy became apparent that a primary concern of Town residents is the need to preserve the rural nature of East Hampton, and that future transportation improvements must fit within this framework. As a result, it was consistently stated that certain improvements are unacceptable, 3-6 or highly undesirable. O O O 0 These include: New highway construction to alleviate traffic congestion on Route 27. Major roadway widenings, such as the addition of through travel lanes on existing roadways. This would exclude minor widenings for safety improvements, such as construction of left turn lanes at specific intersections. Traffic increases on existing local ~bypass~ mutes. Installation of new traffic signals Based on these criteria, it is apparent that there is minimal potenlJal for the existing highway system to accommodate existing h-affic, let alone future Uaffic generated by natural growth and new private developments. If the Town is to n _dequately cope with existing congestion on roadways such as Route 27, greater reliance must be placed on other modes of transportation, particularly buses and rail. 3.7 FUTURE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMF~NT Future growth and development within the Town will be subject to zoning regulations, which in turn conform with the Town's Land Use Plan. The Town's Planning Department is currently updating the Land Use Plan, which is another of the components of the Town's Comprehensive Plan. The Land Use Plan was last updated in 1984. It can be expected that the revised I ~d Use Plan would permit a more limited ultimate development of vacant land within the Town than is currently possible. 3-'/ In addition to the need for preservation of open space for environmental reasons, and the desire to limit population densities to those consistent with rural areas, the public has expressed concern over congestion on the Town's roadway system in the peak tourist season. Exhibit 8-11 in Section 8.3 shows existing summer 'Levels of Service* on major roadways in the Town. Level of Service is a measure of traffic congestion on a roadway or at an intersection, with 'A' being the best level, 'E' being equal to the roadway's capacity and 'F* being failure, or conditions exceeding capacity. Conditions yielding Level of Service 'C' are typically used in designing a rural roadway. It can be seen from Exhibit 8-11 that most roadways currently operate at Level of Service 'C' or worse in the peak season. The analysis did not examine intersections on these roadways, which typically operate at worse levels of service than roadway segments, as conflicting through and cross-street traffic compete for the same roadway "space". Consequently, there is little room to accommodate future developments on the Town's existing roadway system, particularly when considering that the public desires that through lanes not be added to existing roads, traffic on bypass routes not be increased, and new traffic signals not be installed. It is recognized that a 'zero growth* condition is neither practical nor desirable; however, there is an expressed desire to limit larger developments within the Town, if they will generate a significant amount of traffic, and thereby 'use up' a good portion of the remaining capacity of the roadway system. Table 3-2 is an illustration of potential traffic conditions at three locations on Route 27 for future years. In order to estimate future traffic volumes, a conservative growth factor of 5 percent growth per year was u 'txlized. It can be seen that, even with 5 percent growth, two locations will reach Level of Service F by the Year 2004. 3.8 POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS During the course of the development of this report, many ideas were presented as means of alleviating traffic congestion in the Town during the peak tourist season. Many of these were aimed at reducing the reliance on the automobile as the principal means of travel within the Town. Some of these potential solutions to improve mobility within the Town during the peak tourist season are as follows: o Improved Bus Service: There is a perceived need for inslitution of frequent bus service, particularly within the Village of F.~si Hampton. This bus service could include a 'shuttle' type service linking existing Suffolk County Transit routes with popular tourist destinations such as business districts and beaches. The bus service could also interface with rail service at existing Long Island Rail Road Stations. Improved Rail Service: There is a need to up-grade existing Long Island Rail Road service to New York City during peak times of travel, i.e. eastbound on Friday afternoons and Saturday mornings, and westbound on Sundays. The railroad is also seen as having potential for moving tourist related traffic during the peak season, both within the Town and along the entire South Fork. The concept of providing more frequent service, i.e. a "shuttle" type operation during the summer on the South Fork, is one that may help reduce reliance on automobiles. This "shuttle" type of service could employ 3-9 TABLE 3-2 TOWN OF 'EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN' FUTURE LEVEL OF SERVICE WITH POTENTIAL TRAFFIC GROWTH ALONG NYS ROUTE 27, MONTAUK HIGHWAY COUNT STATION NO. 5 COUNT STATION NO. 26 COUNT STATION NO. 38 APPXo ~ PERCENTAGE PEAK HOUR PEAK HOUR I PEAK HOUR · YEAR I GROWTH * VOLUME I-O.S. VOLUMEI L.O.S. VOLUME I-O.S. 1996 EXISTING 2,134 E- 1,733 E 1,309 D 2002 30% 2,774 F 2,252 E- 1,702 E 2004 40% 2,988 F 2,426 F 1,834 E 2006 50% 3,201 F 2,600 F 1,936 E 2008 60% 3,414 F 2,773 F 2,095 E- 2010 70% 3,628 F 2,946 F 2,226 E - * USING 5% GROWTH RATE PERYEAR. RGD:efr 04/30/97 the *light rail' type of vehicles, which could also accommodate bicycles. Highway Improvements: While not precluded, the feeling of various communities within the Town is that existing highway facilities must not be widened, i.e. additional lanes should not be constructed. The addition of turning lanes at intersections to increase capacity and safety at spot locations, would not be considered as additional lanes in this context. Construction of turning lanes where appropriate should be implemented. Other Safety related improvements, such as clearing to improve sight distance and minor alignment improvements, are desirable, but are not expected to increase capacity. 3.9 EXPEI~W. NCE IN OTHER LOCALES During the course of the study, the Technical Advisory Committee solicited input from two communities which experience many similarities to conditions occurring in East Hampton. These include traffic congestion in peak tourist season, geographic constraints to improvement of transportation systems, and environmental and community sensitivity. Two such similar communities are Cap~ Cod and the Florida Keys. Both of thc regions were contacted in order to determine if recent studies had been concluded and means of improving mobility had been identified. The Cape Cod Commission is in the process of developing a long range transportation plan for the Cape Cod region. While Cape Cod experiences traffic congestion not unlike that of East 3-10 Hampton, Cape Cod is also sensitive to the preservation of its natural environment. Development of alternate modes of iranspertation which would reduce dependence on automobiles is one of the three regional goals for Cape Cod's long range transportation plan. Key projects and programs anticiPated to be developed as part of the long range plan include the following: o Improved intennodal connections and a multi-modal transportation center. o Additional seasonal and year-round bus service. o Additional park and ride Iota. o Enhanced air service. o Improved passenger rail service. o Comprehensive bicycle path network and related amenities. o Improved use of water for transportation. o Travel demand management/systems management strategies. o Improved pedestrian amenities. o Key intersection and roadway improvement projects. I~Iost of the above no~i measures have application in the Town of l~a~t Hampton. Contact was made with the Florida Department of Transportation regarding conditions in the Florida Keys. Although Key West experiences circulation problems similar to those in the Town of gant Hampton, there is a very significant reliance on bicycles to travel on the Island, both by visitors and commuters. Because of a heavy reliance on bicycle travel in an area which also 3-11 experiences heavy automobile traffic, there is a significant traffic accident problem for bicyclists, with the result that this location has one of the highest bicyclist accident rate in:the Country. Over 20 percent of workers in the City of Key West travel to work by either bicycle or foot. The City is currently exploring means of reducing the number of travel lanes available on the Island in order to establish formal bicycle lanes along these roadways. Although the surge in population in Key West is similar to that in East Hampton (year round population of 30,000 approaches 90,000 in peak season), the Island is only 1-1/2 miles by 3 miles in size. The resulting population density is greater than that in l~st Hampton, and as a result the City of Key West would not be an appropriate 'role model' for transportation improvements in East Hampton. 3-12 4.0 RAIL TRANSPORTATION 4.1 ExI.qTING SERVICE AND RIDERSHIP Them are three railroad stations serving the Town of l~z~t Hampton on the Long Island Rail Road's Montauk Branch. The.se are located in l~t Hampton (Village of F~t Hampton), Amagansett, and Montauk. Service on the Long Island Rail Road is summarized in Table 4-1. As can be seen from the Table, summer service is much more extensive than regular service during the remainder of the year. Summer service is punctuated by additional trains, added primarily on Friday afternoons and evenings in the eastbound dffection, and on Sundays and holidays in the westbound direction. Exclusive of this additional service, however, intervals between trains running to Montauk are long, typically ranging from 2 to 10 hours depending on time of day. Westbound morning service, with the exception of Mondays, is limited to departures at 5:38 and 11:25 AM. Shown on Exhibit 4-1 are the locations of the stations, and passenger counts in thc eastbound and westbound directions on a summer weekend. Also indicated on the Exhibit are passenger counts for peak trains during these periods. As can be seen from the Exhibit, passenger volume at the ~,t Hampton station is the highest of the three locations. Peak passenger volumes at Amagansett and Montauk are similar, with the exception of the eastbound peak train volume at Amagansett. East Hampton has by far the highest number of available parking spaces. 4-1 TABLE 4-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN LONG ISLAND RAIL ROAD SERVICE TO MONTAUK SUMMER REGULARLY SCHEDULED ADDITIONAL Weekdays WB 5 EB 5 Weekends W~ 4 EB 5 I - Daily to and from East Hampton; 1 - Monday AM I - Daily to and from East Hampton; 4 - Friday PM; 1 - Thursday PM 3 - Sundays/Hoidays, PM REMAINDER OF YEAR REGULARLY SCHEDULED ADDITIONAL Weekdays WB 4 EB. 5 Weekends WB 4 EB 5 1 - Daily to and from East Hampton 1 - Daily to and from East Hampton; 1 - Friday PM GRAPHIC SCALE EAST HAMPTC STATION DRA] TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE AIRPORTS & RAH.ROAD STATIONS L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. ~,b,~,o. February 1997 LK.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 4-- SYMBOL DESCRIPTION AIRPORT RAILR0.M) STATION Fares on the LIRR range from $10.25 one-way in the off peak period to $15.25 during peak period, for travel from any of the three stations to Zone No. 1 which includes Brooklyn and Penn Station in New York. When special parlor cars are available, typically in the eastbound direction on Friday afternoons and westbound on Monday mornings, the LIRR charges an additional $17.50 fare for this service. Scheduled travel times from Penn Station to Montauk are typically in the 3 to 3-1/2 hour range. The ~cannon-ballH train which runs on summer Thursdays and Fridays, makes this trip in a scheduled 2 hours and 37 minutes. The LIRR will accommodate bicycles only on certain trains. The published schedule indicates on which trains bicycles can be accommodated. The Rail Road requires a Cyc~n-Ride Permit in order to bring bicycles on the trains. ,I.2 CAPITAL PRO~ECTS The LIRR is currently preparing to reconstruct platforms at the three railroad stations. This reconslruction will meet the latest Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements, and will accommodate new bi-level coaches. Bicycle racks will be installed in conjunction with this work. Limited dual mode service will be instituted as we]]. The dual mode locomotives will be able to run on both the non-eleetrified tracks within the Town, and on electrified segments of the LIRR, which exist west of Babylon on the Montauk Branch, and west of Farmingdale on the Main Line, upon which some Montauk Branch trains travel. This would eliminate the need for passengers to change lrains at Jamaica. Implementation of new diesel fleet service on the Montauk Branch is scheduled for 1998. 4-2 4.3 l~.nS AND DEFICIENCIES At the Citizens Advisory Committee meetings, public input consistently focused on the following concerns regarding rail service in the Town: o Improvement is needed in the condition, frequency and scheduling of current LIRR service to New York City. Although the LIRR is instituting dual mode service in 1998, it appears that only one such train will be initially assigned to the Montauk Branch. Current plans, though, are to modernize the remaining aging railroad fleet. Judging by current passenger loads for weekend summer service, particularly on the "cannon ball" Friday afternoon train, there appears to be a need to expand the service. Similarly, the current frequency of weekday train service (5-6 trains per day) does not encourage use of the LIRR for travel from l~t Hampton to New York City, often resulting in low utilization of the existing service capacity. In fact, private bus service operators offering service to New York City have, to a certain extent, been successful in attracting ridersdue to frequent departures and excellent riding conditions. It is understood that the feasibility of providing additional weekday service to New York City can be limited by track capacity in the East River Tunnel, the existence of an unsignalized (for two directional travel) single track east of Sayville, and the availability of locomotives and cars. Improvement is needed in intra-South Fork service. This improvement is particularly desirable because the location of existing stations near tourist areas is conducive to 4-3 O attracting automobile trips to rail. Similar to the identified limits on providing long- distance service to New York City, consU'aints on improving service within thc South Fork include thc existing unsignaiized single track, availability of rolling stock and supporting infrastructure (e.g. parking facilities). Access to the railroad for bicyclists should be more favorable. The LIRR is currently revising its existing Bicycle Policy, and will soon be soliciting input from Planning Departments and user groups. 4.4 RECOlVllVlF_aND ATIONS The following actions are recommended: o Conduct a major study of the role of the LIRR in providing rail service in I~t Hampton Town, and within the South Fork as well. This study should address the following issues: o Means of improving servic~ to New York City ~ The study should thoroughly analyze previously identified constraints to improving this service. For example, lack of F~t River track capacity may not be a limitation, as most Montauk Branch trains now terminate at Babylon, where frequent service to Penn Station and Brooklyn emanates. The LIRR is also pursing direct, additionai access to Grand Central Station within the next 15 years. The constraint of an unsignaiized single track can be addressed through construction of sidings and implementation of sign:~li=ation, as has been done on the busy Main Line between Farmingdale and 4-4 Ronkonlmma. More than one "dual mode' train should be assigned to the Montauk Branch. O Improvement in Intra-South Fork Service - The study should address the feasibility of providing 'shuttle-type' service between South Fork stations, particularly in the summer tourist ~a~on. Since the IJRR parallels Route 27, with existing stations in areas of shopping and tourist interest, the potential exists to remove automobile trips from the roadway. Frequent Intra-South Fork service could be interspersed with City service, or could replace it by means of a transfer point, possibly in Southampton. In this way, 'light-rail' type of vehicles, perhaps with local character, could be utilized. Single track limitations could be addressed as noted for New York City service. Improve intermodal coordination. Any future plmming LIRR stations must address existing and potential service from other modes of travel, as described in the railroad's station Design Guideline including: o Bus (public and private), including "shuttle" service linking rail stations and business districts. o Taxi o Automob'fle (parking and drop-of0 o Bicycle o Pedestrian 4-5 Layout of access to the station utilizing each of these modes is critical, and will encourage transfers of trips to the rail system. Establishment of amenities for riders, such as waiting areas, restrooms, and newspaper and snack fac'flifies should be a priority. The revised LIRR Bicycle Policy should incorporate means to facilitate transportation of bicycles on rail cars. Some of the above issues can be handled on a short-term basis independent of completion of a comprehensive study. These would include scheduling improvements, possibly beginning in 1998 as bi-level coaches are placed in operation. The LIRR has expressed a willingness to work with the Town and the Village of East Hampton regarding scheduling; this opportunity should be pursued. 4-6 5.0 BUS TRANSPORTATION Bus transportation in Fast Hampton Town is provided primarily by Suffolk County Transit, which was established in 1980, and private operators. The private bus service runs primarily from' Montauk to New York City. The Suffolk County Transit bus routes are run and maintained by private contractors. These mutes are illustrated in Exhibit 5-1. 5.1 RIDERSIilP CHARACTERISTICS Based on surveys conducted in 1988, 1992 and 1996 by Suffolk County Transit, on a County- wide basis approximately 80 percent of bus passengers do not own cars. Most of the riders are in a lower economic status and their primary purpose in riding the bus is to take it to work. Some riders use the buses to get to and from school, and some use the buses to get to shopping areas. 5.2 FUNDING The current bus fare is $1.50 one-way. Senior citizen's fares are $0.50, and transfers are $0.25 additional. The last fare increase was in 1991. The County typically recovers only 25 percent of the cost of operating routes through the collection of bus fares. The remainder of operating costs comes from County funds, State operating assistance funds, and Federal operating assistance funds. Federal assistance only amounts for about 5 percent of the cost. 5-1 ~J ~J GRAPHIC SCALE ( :j DRA] ii SYMBOL DESCRIPTION ................ PRIVATE BUS PUBLIC BUS {SUFFOLK COI:NT'~ TRANSIT) AREA WITHI'N $ MIN. WALK TO PUBLIC BUS 5.3 BUS RO~T~S AND RIDERS~ Table 5-1 summarizes thc bus routes and frequencies within the Town. One of the four Suffolk County bus routes operates only in the summer season. Table 5-2 summarizes the ridership on these four mutes during 1995. As can be seen from the Table, the S-92 route, which runs from Greenport to gaat Hampton via Riverhead, has the highest ridership. There is no breakdown, however, for the ridership which exists on portions of the route outside the Town of l:a~t Hampton. The 10-B route which runs from Fast Hampton Village to Three Mile Harbor and Springs, appears to have the highest ridership of the other three routes. The Hampton Jitney and Hamptons On My-Mind bus service accommodate longer trips, providing service from Montauk to Manhattan. The Hampton Jitncy's regularly-scheduled service to Manhattan via Southampton carries significant ridership in the summer tourist season. About 60 percent of the Jitney's yearly passenger volume occurs in the May 15-September 15 period. Up to 2,000 passengers per day can be carried on a summer weekend, with approximately 40 percent of these riders travelling to or from the Town of l~t Hampton. Ridership has been increasing yearly. The Town of N~st Hampton provides a valuable service for Senior Citizens and handicapped and disabled persons. For a $0.25 one-way fare, transportation is avaihble to the riders. 5-2 5.4 BUS SERVICE Suffolk County Transit bus service is available on weekdays and Saturdays, with the exception of most holidays. Service generally operates from early morning to evening. On the 10B and S-92 mutes, service frequencies are in the one to two hour range. On the summer-only route (S-94), service headways are in the two to three hour range. The County has recently extended service on the 10-C Route to the entire year. Hampton Jitney provides service from Montauk to Manhattan, with a frequency of approximately one hour, during the summer season. There are additional eastbound buses on Fridays, and westbound buses on Sundays and Mondays. In the off season, service is at hourly intervals during peak periods of the day. Service intervals increase to about two hours during off-peak times. The litney will stop at Exit 60 of the Long Island Expressway by advance reservation. A taxi will meet the bus to provide service to the LIRR's Ronkonkoma Station or to Long Island MacArthur Airport, both of which are nearby. Harnptons On My Mind provides bus service from Montauk to Manhattan, running four to five buses daily on a typical weekday in the summer. An additional four buses are added .on peak days (e.g. eastbound between Thursday and Saturday and westbound on Sunday). In the off- season, service is curtailed to Fridays and Sundays only, essentially serving just weekend travelers. 5-3 TABLE 5-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN BUS ROUTES AND FREQUENCIES S.C. BUS ROUTE # I GENERAL ROUTE [ FREQUENCY/REMARKS 10B East Hampton Village to Tht~ Mile Harbor and Springs Ev~j 2 hfs (6:50am-6:20pm) (via CR 40 and CR 41) and onto Bridg~h~mpton R.R. Station ~ and Westlxmnd 10C Esst Hampton Village to Mo~t=-~ Vilhge Eve~ 3 lus (6:50am-7:50pm) (via NYS 27, CR 49, and CR 77) ~ and We~boond S-92 Greenport to East Hampton via Riverhead Eastbound: every 1-2 hfs (9:15am- 6:25pm) (I'TYS 114 from Sag Harbor to East Hampton) Westbound: every 1-2 hfs (7.'40am-5:40pm) Montauk to Southampton Every 2-3 hfs Monday-Satm'day only (Summer only) S-94 (via NYS 27) (S:20am-6:25pm) Eastbound and We~bound PRIVATE BUS LINES ] GENERAL ROUTE [ FREQUENCY/REMARKS HL~mpton litney Montauk to Manhattan Eastbound and Westbound every hour (5:00nm-7:45pm) (via NYS 27 in Southampton and East Hampton Towns) Eastbound: 4 Buses daily increasing to S Crhu~s-Sat) Montauk to Manhattan departures every 1-3 hrs (8:00am.7:lSpm) Hamptons on my Mind (via NYS 27 in Southampton and East Hampton Towns) Westbound: $ Buses daily; 4 additional on Sunday depan'ua~ every 1-1/2-3 hrs (6:00am-3:0Opm) nR/n4/"/ o :45 AM BUSSCHED.VVK4 TABLE 5-2 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN RIDERSHIP ON SUFFOLK TRANSIT ROUTES (1995) ROUTE NO.: S92 1 OB 10C AREAS SERVED: Greenport to East Hampton Bridgehampton to Springs East Hampton Village - Village via RIverhead via East Hampton Village Montauk MONTHS January 13,182 1,357 Februa~ 11,915 1,274 March 15,°53 1,594 April 15,185 1,621 May 16,285 1,629 June 17,699 1,761 42 July 17,814 1,851 99 August 20,705 2,150 1,40 September 16,802 1,706 13 October 16,310 1,481 · November 14,743 1,342 December 13,347 1,224 TOTAL: 189~040 18~990 2~95 NOTES: 1. For Route S94 (Summer Only) - Southampton to Montauk via Route 27, total July and August ridership was 2,247. Total for entire summer is unavailable. 2. 10C route was Summer Only in 1995. 3. Source: Suffolk County Transit. N~.~.I~S Suffolk Transit has attempted to meet at least some of the mobility needs of Fast Hampton residents by providing limited fixed route bus service as described in the preceding section. In fact, with the recent introduction of year-round service on Route 10C, residents of Montauk now have the availability of public transit service to East Hampton and points further west on a permanent, 12 months a year basis. Nonetheless, it is obvious from the input obtained from the various Citizens Adviso~ Committees, elected officials, and Planning Department staff that there remains a need for better public transportation throughout the Town. These needs, while prevalent during the peak summer tourist season, are manifested on a year-round basis. The primary users of the existing Suffolk Transit buses are captive riders, those who have no alternative means of transportation. The preliminary ridership statistics for the Route 10C service are an indication that there is a latent demand for bus service which is not being met, and there are still significant portions of the Town which are not being served at all by the existing bus system. Therefore, one of the basic needs which should be addressed is that of providing reasonable public transit options for all Town residents who do not have the availability of an automobile to meet their routine daily mobility requirements. There is also an apparent need for improved bus service to help alleviate the severe traffic congestion problems which exist throughout the Town during the peak summer months. As indicated in Section 8 of this report, the growth rate of vehicular traffic on Town roads over the past 30 years has far outpaeed the average growth rate for most of Suffolk County and the Long 5-4 Island region in general. In fact, Waffle volumes have now reached a level which the existing highway network cannot accommodate. Inasmuch as there is a strong community preference to maintain the rural character of the Town and general opposition to any major roadway widening and/or new highway construction, thc only viable solution to thc congestion problem is the development of a well-integrated public transportation system which provides an acceptable alternative to the automobile for local trips. Town and Village officials have also identified a significant problem involving parking deficiencies at most public beaches and in the various downtown business districts, particularly within the Village of l~,t Hampton. This restricts the ability of residents and tourists to avail themselves of these beach facilities and results in a negative impact on the local economy. Unfortunately, there is limited opportunity to provide additional parking in close proximity to those locations where it is most needed. There is a need, therefore, to provide an alternate means of transpoxtation to provide reasonable access to these activity centers. 5.6 RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the foregoing analysis, the Town of ~t Hampton must s~ck to develop an integrated bus system which is oriented towards the following objectives: o Improved mobility for all Town residents and tourists o Reduced congestion during the summer tourist season o Reduced demand for parking in downtown areas and at public beaches 5-5 Due to the relatively low population density and wide geographic expanse of the Town, it is unrealistic to expect that these objectives can be satisfactorily achieved by expansion of the County's fixed route bus service. Rather, the Town must seek to develop a multi-faceted transit system which can provide reliable, comfortable and convenient service at a reasonable cost. In order to address the needs outlined in the previous section, the transit system should incorporate the following elements: o Demand responsive (dial-a-ride) service designed to serve potential transit users whose origin and/or destination points are not within a reasonable walking distance of the County's fixed routes. Initially, the focus of this type of service should be directed toward expansion of the Town's existing senior citizen transportation program. In the long term, the service may be made available to the general population of the Town, if it is determined to be economically feasible. O Shuttle bus service to public beach facilities and downtown shopping districts from satellite parking sites. These parking sites would have to be located within a reasonable distance of the final destination points to minimize lrip lengths and facilitate frequent service. This can be accomplished by utilizing available parking facilities belonging to the Town or other public/quasi-public agencies such as schools, fire houses, libraries, etc. Feeder/distributor buses to transport passengers to and from the railroad stations. This type of service would be particularly beneficial on weekends during the summer tourist season. 5-6 o Shuttle buses to transport guests from motels/hotels to restaurants, shopping areas, tourist attractions, and transfer points where they can link up with other modes of transportation (i.e. Suffolk Transit mutes, LIRR). Toward this end, it is recommended that the Town undertake a more detailed marketing/feasbility study to assist in the formulation of a townwide Transit Development Program (TDP) which will: Identify potential transit users and the types of service that will be most effective in meeting their specific needs. Determine the type, size and number of vehicles that will be needed for each type of recommended service. Estimate the annual operating costs associated with each service element and evaluate operating alternatives (i.e. Town operated vs. privately operated bus service). Identify potential revenue and funding ~ources, including the formation of Transportation Improvement District (TID's) whereby businesses which directly benefit from the transit services help to subsidize them through the property tax baze. $-7 Develop recommendations for integrating all new transit services with the existing fixed route bus service and LIRR train service to establish a townwide public transportation network which will provide people with a viable alternative to automobile travel. In the short term, it is recommended that the Town not walt for completion of a TDP in order to address some of the immediate traffic congestion and parking problems. As an iterim measure, it is suggested that the Town undertake a demonstration project involving shuttle service to either (or both) of the Town beaches in Amagansett and the Village of P~t Hampton Business Dishict, u~ili=ing the Town Hall parking lot as a centralized pick-up point. By using a private operator, the high start-up costs usually associated with new bus service can be avoided and the operation could be started by the summer season. The Town could then monitor usage and survey passengers to obtain input as to the viability of permanent service, not only in this area, but in other parts of the Town as well. Another potential summer shuttle route is reinstitution of the Montauk-to-Montauk Point service previously provided by Suffolk County Transit. Also in the short term, the Town should work with Suffolk County transit to optimize use of the existing bus system. This should include coordination with other modes of travel such as rail, schedule and route revisions, and the means to publicize system routes and schedules. 5-8 6.0 FERIH r-S There is currently limited existing ferry service to the Town. Cross-Sound Ferry Services, Inc. has proposed eslablishment of a new ferry service to the Montauk area from New London, Connecticut. This would supplement Cross-Sound's existing Orient-New London route emanating from the North Fork of Long Island. Cross-Sound currently operates both passenger- only, and vehicular and passenger service. The passenger-only service is accommodated by means of six round trips, utilizing high speed vessels with a capacity of 350 people. This service serves as a link in transporting patrons to existing casinos in Connecticut. In addition, a passenger-only service has been proposed from the Village of Sag Harbor, part of which lies in the Town, to New York City. The Town, cognizant of a threat of significant increases in traffic and parking, as experienced in the Town of Southold as a result of implementation of high-speed, casino-related service, in 1995 adopted a moratorium on institution of new ferry service pending completion of this revision to the Transportation Element of its Comprehensive Plan. This section identifies specific and potential transportation-related impacts of various "scenarios', or v~ous intensities, of a proposed ferry service to New England. Other potential, social, economic and environmental effects of a new ferry route are identified but their quantification is beyond the scope of this report. 6.1 EXISTING SERVICE The Viking Ferry Lines operates a passenger-only ferry service to two destinations from 6-1 Moniauk during ~he summer season. A tinily ferry to Block Island, Rhode Island, leaves Montauk in the morning, and returns from Block Island in the late afternoon. One-way wavel time is one hour and 45 minutes. Service to New London, Connecticut is typically provided only on Fridays and Sundays. Two trips per day leave Montauk, in the early morning and evening. The scheduled duration for the trip to New London is I hour and 45 minutes. A significant number of passengers vtilize the ferry service to Montauk on Friday nights, and to New London on Sunday evenings. It appears that a good portion of these passengers remain in the Montauk area for the weekend. A "cruise' type of service emanates from the Village of Sag Harbor once a day. The vessel stops at the Village of Greenport before proceeding up the Connecticut River. 6.2 POTENTIAL SERVICE Potential ferry service to the Town may involve one or more of the following elements: o Passenger and vehicular service from New York City to the Town o Passenger and vehicular service from New England to the Town. In the Fall of 1996, a private company proposed the establishment of passengers-only weekend service from New York City to Sag Harbor. Two vessels, reportedly capable of making the trips in 2-3/4 hours, could accommodate up to 350 passengers. The company, New York Fast 6-2 Fen'y, suggested that capacity could be limited to 200 passengers, and that a significant number of riders could walk to their destinations in the Village. Public reaction to the passenger ferry proposal has been mixed; Vills~ve residents are generally opposed to a ferry service which would transport vehicles. To date, an impact study for the ferry service has not been fried with the Village. The concept of new ferry service to New England from Montauk has been proposed by Cross Sound Ferry, which currently operates existing service to New London from Orient Point. The Pequot lydian Iribe, which operates the Foxwood Casino in Connecticut, has announced the formation of a shipbuilding subsidia~, based in New London, to build ferry ve.ssels. Initially, the boats would bring casino patrons across the Long Island Sound. The vessels reportedly could bold up to 330 passengers at speeds up to 47 knots. A 3S-knot average speed journey from Montauk to New London would ~,e about 35 minutes. The Sea let, a high speed passenger ferry operated between Orient Point and New London in addition to numerous vehicular ferries on that route, cruises at about 30 knots. It should also be noted that potential improvements to Amtrak's Northeast Corridor could foster new travel to Mnntauk via a rail-to-ferry connection at New London. 6.3 6.3.1 POTENTIAL SERVICE TO MONTAUK Potential Sites and Roadway Access 6-3 GRAPHIC SCALE MAp AS COMPILED FROM AMERICAN OUADEANCLES F~LES OF UA¥ 28. 1996, I TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE FERRY SERVICE TO MONTAUK L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. ~,~,t,o.[! March 1997 L.K.M.A. Proj. No. :30-000-16 6- LAKE MONTAUK~ · FOR, PONL, ~ ~ ~A~-~' /~ ~/i' "\ The three' most likely sites for a ferry terr~inal in the Montauk/Napeague area are: o Fort Pond Bay o Lake Montauk o Napeague State Park These sites are depicted on Exhibit 6-1. Fort Pond Bay is located north of the Montauk business district and the Montauk Station of the LIRR. Prior to World War II, a ferry service to Connecticut existed from Fort Pond Bay. Fort Pond Bay lost much of its maritime attractiveness when an inlet was dredged to Lake Montauk, establishing the only protected harbor in the area. Roadway access to Fort Pond Bay would be primarily served by Edgemere Street (CR 49), a north-south route that connects with the existing traffic circle in the Montauk Business District. An alternative route would follow Edgemere Street, Industrial Road, and Second House Road to Route 27, west of the Montauk Business District. That route has alignment concerns, and passes through residential areas. Development of the Lake Montauk site has been occurring over the last ten years. The Montauk Yacht Club and Gosman's Dock are two establishments which attract significant numbers of patrons in the summer season. The Viking Ferry's daily summer service to Block Island and weekend service to New London departs from Lake Montauk. The popularity of this service frequency results in overflow parking spilling over from the site onto adjacent properties. 6-4 Vehicular access to Lake Montauk is provided by Edgemere Street/Flamingo Avenue (CR 49), with access routes to Route 27 as described for the Fort Pond Bay site. An alternative to this access is to utilize West Lake Drive (CR 77) to Route 27, east of the Montank Business District. The Napeague site is located on Napeague Bay, in Napeague State Park. Access to the site would utilize either Cranberry Hole Road or Napeague Meadow Road. While the latter is in better condition, it is likely that a substantial majority of ferry traffic would utilize Cranberry Hole Road, due to its nearly southwesterly orientation, to access Route 27. 6.3.2 Potential Impacts of New Ferry Service to Montauk - General Regardless of the specific site selected for a ferry terminal in the MontaukJNapeague area, several common issues will need to be addressed. These include the following: 6.3.2.1Regniatory Approval of New Ferry Route With the abolishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission, regulatory jurisdiction over interstate ferry routes has been assumed by the Surface Transportation Board of the United States Depax'unent of Transportation. However, the USDOT has historically not exercised its jurisdiction with the exception of safety matters. Review of matters related to boating safety are handled by the Coast Guard, a subsidiary of the USDOT. The following paragraphs, prepared by NYSDOT's Passenger Transportation Division, summarize its opiaion on permits and approvals needed ~ establish a private interstate ferry service: 6-5 The Coastal Zone Management Act (16 USC Subsection 1451 et. seq.) covers the coastal waters and adjacent shore areas of Long Island, New York City, the Great I *ire. s and the Hudson River North to Troy. I~ke Champlain is not subject to the act. If a project within these areas requires any federal approval or federal funding, then the New York Secretary of State is responsible for making a certification that the action is consistent with the State's approved Coastal Zone Management Plan. If no federal approval or funding is required, but a state approval or funding is involved, and the action is subject to SEQRA, then thc applicable state a~ency m~k~s thc consistency certification to the Secretary of State. As part of thc coastal zone prosram, where there is an approved local *Waterfront Rcvit~iiT~tion Plan* (l~rC and some Long J.qlnnd communities Imvc one) the certifyinS pan'y must consult with thc municipality in the determination of the consistency of the project with both the state and local plan. All waters within New York State over which passenger ferry service would operate, are deemed navigable waters within the United States. Thc Corp. of Engineers (COE) has jurisdiction over construction within these navigable waters. (Construction of wharves, piers, pier extensions and any dredging and filling within these waters is subject to the jurisdiction of the COE under 30 USC 401 et. seq.; and 33 USC 1341 et. seq. A permit from COE is required although these are existing "nationwide# permits which may be utilized, for example, for the repair of existing piers.) If any federal approval is required, then the applicant must also obtain a water quality certificate from the State Department of Environmental Conservation. A tidal wetland permit, under Article 25 of the Environmental Conservation Law may also be required for work in mapped tidal wetlands or adjacent areas. A case by case analysis is required for all water and shore area construc- tion to determine the required permitting from COE and DEC. In cases where there will bo no new construction within the water or adjacent to the water, i.e. where existing terminal facilities will be used, there may be no permit requirements (although a Coastal Zone Consistency Certification may bo required). 6.3.2.2 SEORA fState Environmental Ouality Review Act~ The SEQRA process would require an applicant for a proposed ferry terminal to assess the potential impacts on the transportation system, as well as environmental impacts, such as those to Town wetlands, aesthetics, air and water quality, and noise. The Town could act as the ~ 6-6 Agency for the SEQRA review; the State could assume this role if the Napeague site is assessed, because it lies on State property. The Napeague site poses particular concerns because establishment of ferry service there would be in conflict with the Town's Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan. Assuming that zoning regulations would not preclude establishment of a proposed ferry terminal in the Montauk/Napeague area, site-specific environmental effects will need to be assessed by the applicant. The SEQRA lead agency will identify the specific parameters to be evaluated. This document attempts to estimate the effects of new ferry service to the Montauk area on the roadway system which provides access to potential terminal sites, under varying "scenarios" of ferry activity. In addition, a qualitative discussion of potential environmental affects, i.e. air quality and noise, is presented, and parking space requirements are estimated. Estimation of other specific potential impacts to be assessed as part of the SEQRA review are beyond the scope of this report. These impacts would include determination of site-specific and remote effects on the following: Social and Economic Residential and neighborhood character and stability Tax base and property values Religious, health and educational facilities Economic activity and employment, particularly in the summer season Agriculture 6-7 Water Ounli~_. blood Plan. C~t~l Zone ~nd Wetland Ecology of ~ - P~ ~d ~ b~fi~, ~clud~g ~h~ ~d golf ~ur~s - ~bHc u~fi~ ~ - Wa~ q~ ~ ~d ~oi~ 0~. ~e~ ~ (~i~ve) N~m (~ave) ~gy ~d U~. Joint ~vel~m~t. ~d P~s ~d Bicyclist~ Regio~ ~d ~mm~ty ~oint dev~m~t (i.e. ~n~s~ncy wi~ ~d U~ Plus) Sold wm~ ~n~ ~d ~d~e~ S~i~. S~ M~ifi~on ~d Wildlife W~d~fe ~d ~ow ~ Historic ~d A~ha~loei~ ~a6on ~n~s~ ~ 1~ 6-8 6.3.2.2.1 Environmental Effects of Traffic Increases R should be noted that any potential traffic increases on the roadway network providing access to a new ferry lerminal will direclly impact the environment. This impact will include genea~ion of additional vehicle pollutants and noise. This generation of additional air pollutants is of particular concern, due to the classification of the Nassau-Suffolk Region as a 'severe non- attainment' area for ozone, and a 'moderate non-attainmentn area for carbon monoxide, as a result of the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Carbon monoxide is emitted by vehicle exhaust systems. Ozone is formed when sunlight acts on oxides of nitrogen and organic vapors produced by vehicles. The extent of pollutants generated is directly related to average speeds of vehicles on any particular roadway. Any traffic increases on a roadway will lower the average speeds, usually (depending on the poz~icular pollutant begin analyzed), resulting in an increase in vehicle emissions. Aquah'tatlveanalysis oftheseemissions, utilizing an accepted air quality modelsuch as Mobile b'B, should be requested as pa~ of the environmental assessment to be prepared in c~mpllance with SEQRA. More vehicular noise is generated by acceleration and deceleration than by travel at constant s _l~x~l_ ~s. Acceleration noise includes that generated by gear changes; tire and brake noise occurs 6-9 when vehicles decel~ate. Consequently, noise impacts on the roadway system due to traffic volume increases would be more acute on intersection approaches which require vehicles to stop, i.e. at stop signs and traffic signals. Noise impacts are normnlly more evident in the summer, as people tend to be outside more often, and windows of residences near these intersections tend to be open'more frequently. As a minimum, an estimate of noise effects, in terms of expected increases in decibel levels should be required as part of the SEQRA process, both for properties in the vicinity of the proposed ferry terminal, and at key locations along the existing roadway system. 6.3.2.2.2 Parking Parking requirements for a proposed ferry terminal should be thoroughly investigated. The required number of parking spaces will be dependent on the type of ferxy service provide, number of vehicles and/or passengers per vessel and number of vessels per day. Adequate space for loading and unloading of vehicles must be provided if the proposed ferry is designed to transport vehicles. This would include queuing, or vehicle stacking, lanes. Accommodation of all feny parking on site in the terminal area is critical, in order to preclude social and traffic flow concerns generated by parking overflowing onto local roads. The introduction of high speed passenger ferry service to Connecticut from Orient Point in 1995 generated overflow parking conditions at the ferry terminal site in Orient Point, as well as Waffic increases along Route 25. 6-10 Based on summer observations at Orient Point, it would appear that a minimum of 425 parking spaces would be required if a ferry service on a similar schedule were to be estabhshed in the Montank/Napeague area. Exclusive of unloading and loading areas, this would require over three acres of parking area. More frequent ferry service than the existing six-round trips per day for the passenger-ferry operation, and more popular service, (i.e. more passengers per vessel), could significantly increase parking requirements. The Town of Southold has identified the potential requirement for up to 1,050 spaces, due solely to thc high-speed passenger ferry~ Institution of passenger ferry service to New York City presents similar concerns, in terms of estimating parking space requirements. In addition to a dependence on frequency and scheduling of service, and vessel size, a New York City ferry will generate long-term parking activity. A significant amount of long-term parking currently occurs in the vicinity of the East Hampton railroad station. The capacity of the long-term parking area (about 185 vehicles) is exceeded at times. Much of this parking activity appears to be related to "semi-commuting" in the Town. This can occur when summer renters utilize the railroad to travel to the Town on summer weekends, returning to their permanent homes and employment during the work week. It is reasonable to expect that a New York City ferry would generate a similar demand for long term parking spaces; again, this is dependent upon frequency and scheduling of ferry service and vessel size. 6.3.2.2.3 Impacts on the Existing Roadway System On the surface, new ferry service to the Town may appear to have beneficial effects on traffic 6-11 conditions due to its potential for converting individual automobile trips to more-efficient mass transportation. This statement may be especially true for a New York City route. The key concern, however, will be the creation of additional, undesirable traffic congestion on roadways and at intersections providing access to a new ferry terminal. In the case of a vehicular ferry, new traffic will be added to the roadway network providing access to the site. In the case of a passenger-only service, vehicles must transport customers to and from the ferry site. Similar to parking requirements, traffic impacts will be dependent on the frequency and type of service provided. 6.3.2.2.4 Montauk as a Potential Destination Montauk has always been a tourist attraction, with summer traffic increases largely the result of its recreational facilities and other tourist amenities. Another consideration in establishment of ferry service to Montauk/Napeague is the potential for dramatic increases in pedestrian, bicycle, and moped activity in this area, since Montauk will be readily accessible to New England residents as a summer destination. This is difficult to quantify. An increase in bicycle activity, and the potential introduction of mopeds, may pose safety concerns, since residents have already identified speeding vehicles and poor bicycle riding conditions ns perceived problems on certain roads in Muntauk. 6.3.3 Site Specific Impacts An attempt was made to estimate the traffic impacts of a potential ferry service to the Montauk/Napeague area on the roadway network. This analysis does not consider environmental 6-12 effects of such a service, including ah- and noise impacts generated by traffic increases. Analyses were performed for the following "scenarios" at the three potential ferry terminal sites at Fort Pond Bay, Lake Montauk and Napeague State Park. Scenario A - Passenger ferry, with 350 passenger capacity. Assuming three persons per vehicle, 117 vehicles would be attracted by each ferry. This data correlates well with the 255 parked vehicles observed on a summer weekday at Orient Point, after departure of two passenger-only ferries (128 vehicles per ferry). For the AM time period, a rounded number of 100 vehicles was projected for the peak direction of travel for this least-intensive scenario, with most passengers travelling by private car. It was estimated that an arriving ferry at Montauk/Napeauge in the morning would carry a similar number of passengers; however, bus service to Montauk/ Napeauge and the South Fork could meet the incoming ferry. If 40 cars and taxis could accommodate 80 passengers, the remainder could be transported from the teln'ninal using seven buses. Scenario B - Passenger/vehicular ferry, accommodating 350 passengers (equal to Scenario A) plus 100 vehicles. This would generate about 117 vehicles (as in Scenario A) plus 100 additional vehicles for a total of 217 vehicles. For this scenario, to be conservative, 250 vehicles were used in the peak direction of travel. Scenario C - This scenario assumes the arrival of each ferry (Scenario A and Scenario B) within the same approximate time period; i.e. one hour. Scenario C, therefore, reflects the total 6-13 T,~.B LE 6-1 FERRY TRAFFIC VEHICULAR BREADKOWN WI~EKEND AM WEEKEND PM One Way Peak To Terminal From Terminal To T~[m~ ~r~'~ Veh~l*- Cars Buses * Cars Buses * Cars Buses * Cam Buses * SCENARIO A (Passengers Only) 100 98 2 40 7 40 7 98 2 SCENARIO B (Passengers and Vehicles) 2,50 247 3 160 11 160 11 247 3 SCENARIO C 350 345 5 200 18 200 18 345 (Combination of A and B) * 40 Passengers Each RGD:efr 10/22/96 vehicular impact of Seen~ios A and B. This data is summarized in Table 6-1. In order to assess potential impacts of a new f,~,,y service under each Scenario, the ferry- generated traffic was assigned to the roadway network providing ~s to each potential terminal site. Specific percentages of traffic assigned to roadways were as follows: -50% Route 27 west via Second House and Industrial Roads* -35% - Route 27 west via CR 49 through 'the circle"* -10% - Route 27 east -5 % - CR 49 north *Scenario "B75" changed these percentages to 20 percent and 65 percent, respectively. -65% - Route 27 west, via CR 77 -10% - Route 27 west, via Second House and Industrial Roads -10% - Route 27 west, via CR 49 tire,ugh 'the circle" -10% - Route 27 west, via CR 77, terminating in Montauk Business District -5% - Route 27 east, via CR 77 -70% - Route 27 west, via Cranberry Hole Road -20% - Route 27 east, via Napeague Meadow Road -10% - Bluff Road west, via Cranberry Hole Road The assigned traffic was added to turning movement volumes at key intersections near each of the proposed terminal sites. These volumes were obtained on a Saturday afternoon in August 1996, or extrapolated from summer traffic counts taken in earlier years. Intersectional capacity analysis was then performed utilizing the procedures in the 1994 Highway Caoacity Manual, in order to determine the 'levels of service' for each of thc critical movements at each of the 6-14 inters~tions. The critical movements at these unsign,l;-~,d intersections are turns from the main roadway ('uncon~olled by stop signs") and all movements from the minor (stop-controlled) road. Saturday morning traffic volumes were estimated from machine count data and capacity analyses were performed for that time period as well. Level of service is a measure of traffic flow or a roadway or at an intersection, with ' A" being the best level, ~E' being equal to the roadway's capacity and NFN being failure, or conditions exceeding capacity. At unsignalized intersections, Level of Service 'F' exists when there are insufficient gaps of suitable size to allow side street traffic lo cross the main street safely. For any movement, Level of Service is defined as follows: Average Peak Delay (Sec/Vehl Greater Than Le~s Than or Eoual TO A 0 5 B 5 l0 C 10 20 D 20 30 E 30 45 F 45 -- The results of these analyses for the three potential feny terminal sites appear on Tables 6-2, 6-3 and 6-4. At each intersection, the overall Level of Service is the worst level for any movement analyzed. At each site, i.e. on each table, it appears that there is at least one intersection which will suffer a degradation in Level of Service under Scenario A; impacts under Scenarios B and C are more severe, because traffic generated under these Scenarios increases, when compared with Scenario 6-15 E,XISTINO SCENARIO A SC~4'ARIO B SCI~qARIO BT~ * SCE~.,a. RIO C ~JTICAL CRITICAL CRITiC,U. CRrfiCAL CRrI'ICAL CRIT]CA~ CIUTiCAL C~J'TICAL C/~i]CAL CIU"FICAL INTERSECTION L,O.S. MOVE LO.S. MOVE LO~. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE ~0~ ~ ~ N. ~ ~ - ~ ~ C~) B SBLT B SBLT,~LT C ~LT C SBLT C SBLT ~ A~ (CR 4~) ~ N. ~M~ ~ ~ ~) B ~LT B $BLT B ~LT B SBLT B SBLT PM EXISTINO CRITICAL CRITICAL CRrrICAL CRITICAL CRITICAL CRITICAL CRITICAL CRITIC. AL C~.I3'IC. AL CRITICAL INTERSECTION L.O.S. MOVE LO.S, MOVE L.O.S. MOVE L.O,S. MOVE L.O.S. I~OV~ ~A~ ~ ~ N. E~ ST - ~ ~ Cimle) E SBLT E $BLT F SBLT F SBLT F SBLT ~E~ A~ (CR49) ~ N. E~E~ ~ ~e ~k) B SBLT. SBRT C SBLT C ~LT C $BLT C SBLT SBLT - SOUTHBOUN'D LEFt TURN' NBLT - NOR~ LF. FI' TURN NBTH. NORTHBOUND THRU SBTH - SOIII'HBOUND THRU SBRT - soLrrHBOUND RIGHT TURN * SCENARIO BTl - SAME AS SCENARIO B EXCEPT 75% OF FERRY BOUND TRAFFIC TRAVELS THROUGH THE MONTAUK TRAFFIC CLRCLE. CRITICAL L,O.S. - WORST LEVEL OF SERVICE FOR A]qY MOVEMENT 3/19/97 hcafer.wkl AM EXISTINO SCI~NARIO A SCI~iARIO B SCENARIO C CR1TICA~ CRITICAL CRITICAL CRITICAL iCP. ITICAI CRITICAL CRII'ICAL CRITICAL INTF. RSECTION L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE MONTAUK ~ ~ N. EDGE;MI!:R~ ~1' - WEST ('Th~ Ciro~) B SBLT C SBLT C $BLT C SBLT BDOEI,,fl~E AVE (CR 49) ~ N. EDGEMERE ST ~ Ci..dc) B SBLT B SBLT B SBLT B SBLT ~ONTAUK HWY ~ W. LAKE DR/S. ~ ST (CR??) B NB C NB C NB D ~BLT,'TH ~BLT. trH ~BLTtTH PM EXISTINO SCENARIO A SCI~qARIO B SCI~IARIO C ;RITICAL CRITICAL CRITICAl CRITICAL "RI'FICA[ CRITICAL CRITICAL CKITICAL 1NTEP.~ECTION L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE L.O.S. MOVE LO.S. MOVE MONTAUK ~ ~ N. EDO~iI~.E ~T - WE~T ~ Ci~r~) E SBLT ~ ~BLT F SBLT F SBLT,NBLT ~)G'I~.P,E AVE (CR 49) ~ N. ED(1,F.,MEP~ ST (Ti'~ Ci~,) B SBLT,~BRT B SBLT,.~BRT B SBLT,~BRT B ! SBLT,~BRT MOICrAUKItWY~W.I.,AK~DR~,I~.,RNST(CP,??) E SB F SB 1~ NB, SB F NB, SB SBLT - SOUTHBOUND LEFT TURN WBLT?rH - COMBINATION WF.~TBOUND LEFT TURN/THRU NBLT -NOR. THBOUND LEFT TURN SBLT/TH - COMBINATION SOUTHBOUND LEFT TURN;rl--IRU NBTH -NOR. THBO!JND THRU I'qB-NORTHBOUND 3/19/97 SBTH - SOUTHBOUND THRU SBRT - SOOTHBOUND RIGHT TURN hcafemh.wkl TABLE 6-4 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN PRELIMINARY CAPACITY ANALYSIS (SATURDAY) FERRY AT NAPEAGUE - EFFECTS AT MONTAUK I-IWY & CHANBERRY HOLE RD INT. AM PM DIRECTION EXISTING SCENARIO A SCENARIO B SCENARIO C EXISTING SCENARIO A SCENARIO B SCENARIO C NORTHBOL~ND B B C D F F F F SOUTHBOUND B B B C C D F F EASTBOUND A A A A A A B B WESTBOUND A A A A A A A A CRITICAL L.O.S. B B C D F F F F CRITICAL L.O.S. - WORST LEVEL OF SERVICE FOR ANY MOVEMENT A. The existence of laoor level~ of ~erviee under current condition~ manife~t~ itself in delayg expefien~ by motorists, particularly when attempting to enter main roads such as Route 27 from side roads. The existing Levels of Service are consistent with those computed for roadway segments in the Town, which appear on Exhibit 8-11, and are further evidence of the fragile summer traffic conditions at key intersections in the Town. As vehicle delays increase, lines (or queues) of traffic waiting to turn onto the main road (or to turn left from the main road) will increase correspondingly. Shown on Table 6-5 axe calculated 'queue loagths~, in numbers of vehicles, for critical movements at selected intersections under the different scenarios. Although very high calculated queue length values may not actually be reached, because motorists will begin to accept smaller gaps in traffic under more congested conditions, they are useful in assessing the relative impact of the various scenarios. Thc level of service analysis results for thc various ferry scenarios can be considered to be conservative in some respects. For example, no adjustments were made to the existing "peak hour factors" on the approaches to the intersections when analyzing proposed scenarios. The peak hour factor is an indication of uniformity of traffic flow throughout the hour. A peak hour factor of 1.00 indicates totally uniform flow, i.e. a consistent number of vehicles entering an intersection in each 15-minut~ period of the peak hour. An intersection subject to 'surgesu in traffic could have a significantly lower peak hour factor. Based on the tendency for traffic flow to and from a ferry to be more clustered near arrival and departure times, reduction of existing peak hour factors would be expected. Table 6-6 is a comparison of capacity analyses and queue 6-16 I TABLE 6-5 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN CALCULATED QUEUE LENGTHS AT SELECTED INTERSECTIONS ' 95 % QUEUE LENGTHS I NO. OF VEH.) FOR CRITICAL MOVEMENT FERRY AT INTERSECTION TIME EXISTING SCENARIO A SCENARIO B SCENARIO B 75 SCENARIO C FORT POND BAY MONTAUK HWY ~ AM 1 1 2 2 3 O.M.H. I SECOND HOUSE RD PM 36 40 49 78 53 LAKE MONTAUK MONTAUK HWY ~ AM 1 1 2 N/A 3' O.M.H, I SECOND HOUSE RD PM 36 43 55 N/A 58 NAP,F. AGUE MONTAUK HVVY ~ AM I I 2 N/A 5 CRANBERRY HOLE RD PM 14 35 100 N/A 134 * 95% CHANCE THAT NUMBER OF WAITING VEHICLES WILL BE EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN THESE VALUES. THESE ARE THEORETICAL NUMBERS, WHICH MAY NOT ACTUALLY BE REACHED (SEE TEXT PAGE 6-16). N/A - NOT APPLICABLE TABLE 6-6 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN LEVEL OF SERVICE USING PEAK HOUR FACTOR ADJUSTMENT DUE TO FERRY TRAFFIC SURGE MONTAUK HIGHWAY @ OLD MONTAUK HIGHWAY / SECOND HOUSE ROAD FERRY LOCATION: FORT POND BAY TIME PERIOD: PM EXISTING P.H.F. = .95 EXISTING SCENARIO A SCENARIO B SCENARIO B 75 SCENARIO C ~'"': ............................ :NB:E ~:~: ~:: CRITICAL MO~MENT LO.S. F F F F F ADJUSTED P.H.F. = .85 EXISTING SCENARIO A SCENARIO B SCENARIO B 75 SCENARIO C · "' '".' ."'. 7% ~' '"': ~:. ;:~;i :i ~ i:~. :.: ~.,. ~ ~::~i~: i~i~i~i~: ~::.:: ~::;~:~,i~: ::: : :::: CRITICAL MOVEMENT L,O.$. N/A F F F F length regults at one in--on, under both the exi~ing peak hour factor :md one reduee~l by 0.1, which would not be an unusual occurrence for an intersection influenced by ferry traffic. It can be seen that, while l~vel of service results are equal to, or worse than those with the existing peak hour factor, calculated queue lengths increase significantly. Another conservative aspect of eapacity analyses for the ferry scenarios is that off-peak impacts may be greater than the peak conditions analyzed. For example, early morning ferry traffic bound for a New England *day trip* might be comparable in magnitude to peak-hour ferry trips; however, the additional traffic would represent a larger percent increase because the existing traffic volume is lowe~ in the off-peak period. This situation could translate into a greater deterioration in level of service in the off-peak period than in thc peak hour. This situation could also occur in the off-season period as well. Additionally, the analyses are conservative in that consideratoin has not been given to the effects of new higher-sT~c~ vessels on generation of additional.passengers. Generation of potential. passengers by specific Connecticut casinos has also not been addressed in these scenarios. It may be possible to mitigate, to a degree, certain poor levels of service by installing left or fight turn lanes at some of these locations. However, since in many cases these lanes already exist, and the principal reason for excessive delays is the near-continuous flow of Lraffic on the main road, installation of turning lanes may not be sufficient to mitigate the deterioration in level of service caused by the traffic increases. 6-17 L TABI F 6-7 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF MONTAUK FERRY ON ROUTE ~7 LEVEL OF SERVICE - SUMMER LOCATION NOTES: 1, Assume total ferry traffic in peak direction is generated by arrival of both passeng 2. Reduction in percentages for Amagansett and Wainscott reflects dispersion of ira 3. Five percent growth rate per year used to obtain future traffic volumes without fen RGD;efi' 04/30/97 ;~:;~!!~:~:;:~!:!:!:!~:~:: WITHOUT FERRY WITH FERRY :¥~::::::~ :~;:: :~ PEAK HOUR PEAK HOU~ PERCENT ,~.0'~;~ .... VOLUME L.O.S. VOLUME ~ NCR~SE L.O.O. :¥:::¥::B::::::: ............ 1,936 E 2,1 ~ 9% E- ~::~ ~}~ 2,~ F 2,~0 5% F er-only, and vehicular ferries. Assign 100 vehiclesto each vessel. ffic and distance from ferry terminal. In addition to effects on operating conditions at intersections in the vicinity of a Montauk/ Napeague-area terminal, roadway segments elsewhere in the Town would be affected. Table 6-7 is an estimate of the effects on peak hour level of service at three locations along Route 27 when passe.nger-ouly and vehicular ferries arrive simultaneously. Traffic increases in the peak direction of travel between 3 and 10 pement have been estimated, in some instances resulting in a degradation in level of service. Based on data for the existing Orient Point-New London ferry service, establishment of service using similar vessels and scheduling to the MontaulcJNapeague area could transport 800,000 passengers (including drivers) per year. On an annual basis, this could translate into 320,000 additional vehicles or an average of about 900 per day. Based on existing traffic volumes on Route 27 west of Montaulc, if 85% of these 900 vehicles were added to existing traffic at that location, daily traffic increases of 7 percent would be realized. Since seasonal traffic fluctuation appears to be greater in Monmuk than elsewhere in the Town, based on count data east of West Lake Drive, the percentage increase in the "off season" (April) could be as high as 21 percent. 6.3.4 Roadway Access Unlike the Route 25 access to Orient Point, there is no direct access from an east-west roadway, i.e. Route 27,to a potential ferry site in the Montauk/Napeauge area. Exclusive of capacity effects, there are the following concerns with access to each potential site, as follows: Fort Pond Bay Roadway access would primarily be by means of Edgemere Street/Flamingo Avenue (CR 49) 6-18 which intersects Route 27 at thc traffic circle in the business district. Speeding concerns exist on this route. The alteroative route to Route 27, via Industrial and Second House Roads, is undesirable due to curvature deficiencies and its traversal of residential areas. It would be difficult to restrict ferry traffic from utilizing this route. Thc Route 27/O1d Montauk Highway/Second House Road intersection is a high accident location. West Iake Drive (CR 77) is expected to accommodate the bulk of the traffic destined for this site. The concerns identified for the Fort Pond Bay site axe applicable to Lake Montauk as well, because Edgemere Street/Flamingo Avenue (CR 49) also provides access to this site. An access route to the site via West Lake Drive would pass through the following high accident locations in the Montauk area: - Route 27/O1d Montauk Highway/Second House Road CR 49 (Flamingo Avenue)/CR 77 (West Lake Drive) Route 27 at CR 77 6-19 Nape. ague Cranberry Hole Road would provide the primary access to the site bemuse of its southwest-to- northeast orientation. There are concerns with the width of this roadway, as well as horizontal and vertical curves, particularly at the bridge over the Long Island Rail Road. The bridge itself has significant structural deficiencies, which will require correction by the Long Island Rail Road. Access to the Napeague site via the existing Cranberry Hole Road would be on a roadway with inferior horizontal and vertical alignment and width. Existing traffic volumes on Cranberpg Hold Road are low, with a two-way average daily volume of approximately 1,500 vehicles occurring in the summer. The roadway serves residences and the State Park. The park contains extensive wetland areas and is a New York State Significant Habitat. Although alignment and width of the roadway is inferior, since there are no plans for significant developments in this area of the Town, traffic volumes would not be expected to increase significantly in the future. Percentage- wise, traffic increases on Cranberry Hold Road due to implementation of ferry service to Napeague State Park would be substantial. Assignment of 80 percent of the aforementioned potential average daily ferry traffic of 900 vehicles would represent a daily traffic increase of nearly 50 percent in the summer, and a higher percentage in the off-season. Traffic volume increases of this magnitude on a roadway with these physical and traffic volume conditions would be undesirable. 6-20 This route experiences a significant of non-motorized travel (i.e. bicyclists and rollerbladers) during the summer season. Due to its current narrow width, lack of shoulders, and alignment deficiencies, significant increases in vehicular traffic would raise safety concerns for these modes of travel. 6.3.5 Regional Implications A new ferry route to the Town of East Hampton from Connecticut should be examined on a regional basis. Undoubtedly, a significant increase in percentage of New Englanders travelling to the Town would be expected; currently, based on Tables 2-2 and 2-3, only 4-8 percent of traffic entering the Town emanates from New England states. Potential traffic increases will be experienced in Southampton as well. Future highway construction on Route 27 which will enable a motorist to travel from New York City to Southampton (via Southern State Parkway) without encountering a traffic signal, and completion of an HOV lane on the Long Island Expressway, may attract motorists to a Montauk/Napeague-New England ferry link. Motorists travelling from East Hampton to the Orient Point ferry may re-route to Montauk/Napeague./!t- should be noted that Suffolk County's 1990 Ferry Access Study concluded that the best route for new Cross-Sound service would be fi.om Shorcham to New Haven. (The recent developments concerning LILCO's furore could remove certain obstacles to construction of a ferry terminal on its property at Shoreham, and could make this a viable route. 6.4 POTENTIAL FERRY ACTIVITY It was noted previously that impacts of new ferry service are dependent on the type of service 6-21 provided, as well as its frequency. There is real concern that once established, current local legislation would not preclude a ferry operator from drastically changing the nature of service, or from increasing the number and sizes of vessels. Should this be the case, it is important that the most intensive ferry operation be analyzed, in terms of environmental and transportation impacts, prior to issuance of the required local permits. 6.5 RECOMMENDATIONS Potential ferry service to the Town from New York City or New England must be examined on a regional basis, for consistency with transportation goals of the East End as a whole. Environmental, economic and social issues will impact the quality of life of MontaulrJNapeague- area residents must be thoroughly investigated as part of the SEQRA process, in terms of transportation-related issues, effects of vehicular traffic increases on noise and air quality must be addressed. These parameters must be evaluated both at key intersections and segments of the highway network, as well as at the specific terminal site. Provision of adequate on-site parking is a major concern, based on current experience at the Orient Point Ferry Terminal. As noted in Section 12.4 of this report, the Town is at a "crossroads" in term of managing demand on its highway system in the summer season. This conclusion was reached by analyzing the existing levels of service on key roadways and at critical intersections. Level of service results depicted on Table 3-1, under a 5 percent annual summer traffic growth, indicate "failureH conditions on Route 27 at two of the three locations analyzed. This growth rate is conservative, 6-22 in that current average growth at these locations is about 6 percent per year. Route 27 west of Montauk would reach capacity (Level of Service E) in less than ten years. Ironically, future capacity improvements to Route 27 (elimination of traffic signals) and the Long Island Expressway (HOV lanes) may further increase summer traffic grov~h in East Hampton. The existing roadway system is incapable of absorbing significant traffic growth due to any one project or development, ferry service included. Therefore, as is the case for future potential developments, due to the critical capacity conditions of the roadway network, it is recommended that any ferry service causing a deterioration equal in magnitude to a full level of service (as defined in the Highway Capacity Manual) at any intersection or highway segment not be permitted. In addition, any proposed modifications tu the highway system as a result of the proposed ferry should conform to the following criteria. These criteria were established as a result of consistem, public input during the course of this study, and are based on the desire to maintain the Town's rural character: O O O O No new roads with thc potential for attracting "bypass" traffic should be constructed. No additional through travel lanes should be constructed on existing roads. No additional traffic signals should be installed. Potential traffic growth on existing bypass routes should be minimized. These criteria are generally consistent with those previously developed by the planning Board, and included in the Arterial Highway Capacity Study for Montauk prepared in 1986. The preliminary analysis of three ferry terminal sites in the Montauk/Napeague area, while general in nature, follows procedures which would be undertaken in the SEQRA process. The results 6-23 indicate that traffic increases due to potential ferry activity will result in the aforementioned decrease of one level of service at key intersections neax the terminal sites. Therefore, it is recommended that the Town adopt zoning regulations to prevent new ferry service from being established to the MontaukfNapeauge area. 7.0 AIRPORTS 7.1 TOWN AIRPORT The Town of l~ Hampton owns and operates its own airport, which is located in Wainscott along Daniels Hole Road north of Montauk Highway. The airport is classifu~l as a transport category commereial service airport. An Airport Layout Plan Up-Date was prepared in May of 1994. This plan assessed existing conditions at the airport and determined the proposed facilities needed to satisfy aviation demands over the next 20 years. There are three existing runways at the aL, pon, one of which can accommodate small business jets and power driven air charter aircraft. In 1992, there were a total of 33,000 take-offs and landings at the East Hampton Airport. Future projections are for this number to double after the year 2002. The 1994 Airport Layout Plan Up-Date recommended that the following projects be undertaken: o Convert Runway 16-34 to a taxiway (summer only) o Construct new terminal building o Construct automobile parking ~rea o Reconstruct airl~rt access road o Relocate one building and demolish five buildings on airport property o Construct transient/commuter apron o Conslruct aircraft parking a~ron o Install precision instrument approach to Runway 10-28 7-1 A copy of the specific airport layout plan (summer operation) depicting these improvements is shown as Exhibit 7-1. Construction of a new terminal, access road and additional parking is currently underway. Another proposed improvement involved the relocation of Daniels Hole Road, which provides access to the airport from Route 27. Three alternatives have been developed for relocating the roadway. The relocation is necessary because the roadway constitutes an obstruction to both Runways 16 and 22, and it is located within the safety area for Runway 28. In 1988, the Town prepared an Environmental Impact Statement, which determined that the terminal building, access rood and apron projects would not cause significant environmental effects. Other proposed projects would require a similar determination beforo they can proceed to construction. 7.2 MONTAUK AIRI~ORT Montauk Airport is a privately owned and operated facility located on the east side of Lake Montauk. The airport has one, 3,500 font long paved runway and accommodates private 7.3 RECOMMENDATIONS The future layout of the Town airport was studied in 1994, and the Town is in the process of implementing the recommended improvements. The remainder of the identified projects should 7-2 LQCATZI~ ~ AZRPORT DATA RUNWAY DATA LEGEND MS! HAIJ)TON AIIKOGRT REVISIONS G EXHIBIT 7-1 G ~ OPiI~TIOII AIRPORT LAYOUT PLAN be completed in accordance with the plan. Wainscott residents are not supportive of improvements which would encourage growth in air travel to East Hampton. As a result, it is recommended that only the following projects be undertaken at the airport: o Those projects identified in the Airport Layout Plan. o Other projects with only aircraft safety-related purposes, i.e. those which would not encourage additional airport operations (i.e. takeoffs and landings). Examples would be runway resurfacing and aircraft signage projects. 7-3 8.0 HIGHWAYS 8.1 ItlGHWAY NETWORK The Town of 1~,~ Hampton has an extensive highway network, consisting of State, County and Town Roads. S~ate roads are Route 2'/, which traverses the entire Town for 24.8 miles from west to east, and Route 114, which extends northward from Route 27 to the Village of Sag I-Iad~r, a distance of about 6.5 miles. Key County Roads (CR) are the following: o CR 40 - Three Mile Hafoor Road - Connects East Hampton and Springs (2.5 miles long) o CR 41 - Springs-Fireplace Road - Connects F~st Hampton and Springs (3.1 miles long) o CR 49 - Edgemere Street/Flamingo Avenue - Connects Route 27 in Montank with the north end of Lake Montauk (3.1 miles long) o CR 59 - Long Lane - Connects East Hampton and Stephen Hands Path (1.0 miles long) o CR 77 - West I~ke Drive - Connects Route 27 in Montauk with the north end of Lake Montauk (3.1 miles long) The remainder of the highway network is comprised of Town, Village and private roadways. There are approximately -- miles of roadway maintained by the Town. With the exception of Route 27 through a portion of East Hampton Village, which consists of two lanes in each direction, all roads are one through lane in each direction. Shoulders exist along many of the arterial and coBector roadways. 8-1 For purposes of highway classification, Fast Hampton lies in a rural area. Route 27 is the only road which is part of the National Highway System. In addition, there are several roads and segments of roads, which are currently available for Federal aid. These roads are shown on Exhibit 8-1. 8.2 TRAFFIC VOLUMES Traffic volumes were obtained by means of two methods, machine (automatic) counters and turning movement counts at key intersections. Machine counters recorded two-way traffic volume at 30 locations in August 1996. From this data, average summer daily traffic volumes were estimated. This data appears on Exhibit 8-2, along with estimated off-season average daily traffic volumes at each location. Route 27 carries the highest volume of traffic within the Town, with about 29,000 vehicles crossing the Southampton-East Hampton Town boundary on an average summer day. This volume reduces to about 22,000 vehicles east of East Hampton Village and about 9,000 vehicles east of Montauk. Route 114 at the Village of Sag Harbor/Town of East Hampton boundary carries about 12,000 vehicles on an average summer day. Other roadways carpjing over 10,000 vehicles include: o Newtown Lane, North Main Street, and Cedar Street in the Village of ~n~t Hampton, north of Route 27 o Three Mile Harbor Road (CR 40), north of l:~,t Hampton Village o Edgemere Street (CR 49) north of Route 27 in l~Iontauk. 8-2 GRAPHIC SCAL~ DRA] TOWN ON' EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE FEDERAL All') ELIGIBLE ROADWAYS L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. ~'"'°' February 1997 LK.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 8 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION ~ NATI0NAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM ROADWAY FEDERAL AID, ~ -~' ELIGIBLE ROaDWAy GRAPHIC SCALE DRAI L TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPPAT~. ~ AVERAGE D^H.Y ~C VOLUM~ L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. February 1997 L.K.M.A. Proj, No. 30-000-IS 8- 2 A general idea of traffic volume variation during a summer week can be obtained by examining traffic data from three machine count stations along Route 27. Daily data obtained at the following locations was tabulated and graphed, by direction of travel, on Exhibits 8-3 through 8-8: Location Number 5 Direction Peak Day Peak Location 9f Travel 9f Week Hour Near Southampton Eastbound Friday 4-5 PM Town Line Westbound Sunday 7-8 PM 26 l~*t of l:z~t Hampton l~n*thound Saturday Village Westbound Sunday 12-1 PM 4-5 PM, 7-8 PM 4 Montauk l~s~bound Saturday 12-1 PM, 1-2 PM Westbound Sunday 4-5 PM The data graphically illustrates the extent of weekend travel to and from the Town in the summer season. This travel pattern of eastbound travel to the Town from Long Island, New York City and other points in the Northeast United States on Fridays and Saturdays, with return trips on Sundays and Mondays, recurs every weekend. Fastbound travel generally occurs on Friday afternoons and evenings, and Saturday mornings and afternoons. Return trips to the west occur on Sunday afternoons and evenings, and Monday mornings. At 18 of the 30 locations where machine count data was obtained, similar data was obtained in the summer of 1982, as an up-date to data collected in 1965 for the previous Transportation Plan. Comparisons of 1965, 1982, and 1996 data appear on Table 8-1 and Exhibit 8-9. 8-3 TABLE TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATI~ 1965,1982 AND 1996 ADT COMI~ARISOI 196~ 96 PERCgWT PERC~WT ROADWAY FROM TO SUMMW3~ M~I~ INC]P,~ASE ~O~AU~ ~ ~ ~7) ~ ~w ~ ~A~ ~e ~.~o~ S~H~ ~ PA~ MO~A~ ~ ~YS 27) C~ST 313 C~ ~ O~ NOR~ ~ NOR~ ~ ST ~62 43 O~ NOR~ ~ CED~ ST C~ ~ 6 4 9~ 1 ~ I ~ 133% ~HA~ ~ ~ ~ SP~O~O~8~ 1-1- ~ 4~ ~S~ SP~GS ~ MO~A~ ~ ~ ~) SP~OS ~P~E ~ ~ ~ 25~ 4~% ~ ST~ A~ MO~A~ ~ ~ 2~) ~T ~ DR 3,4~ ~8 16~% ~3% ~DS C~ ~ C~ ~ ~ B~CH 128 ~ ~ 2~3% O~ MO~ ~ MO~A~ ~ ST. BL~ MO~A~ ~ ~. BL~ 1,827 ~OYB~ ~ ~C~K~ ~~R~ ~1 ~ 276% SI~ ~ ~ A~ONAC~ ~ ~SE~ SP~GS ~ {27 ~0 2~% ~3~ PRO~S~ ~ MO~A~ ~ ~Y ~ 72~ ~ER ~E ~DI~ ~LL P~ H~ E. ~ON ~L~GE 9~ 92 139% 26~ I TOTAL { ~6S0 ~l'~ 2~7 O9:08 AM AD?COMP.WIt3 45O EXHIBIT No. 8-3 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 4 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF FERN STREET) DIRECTION: EASTBOUND DALLY AVG. VOLUME PEAK DAY VOLUME (SATURDAY) !:00 AM 3:00 AM ~:00 AM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 11:00 AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM $:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 11:00 PM T~M~ (HOURS) EXHIBIT No. 8-4 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 4 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF FERN STREET) DIRECTION: WESTBOUND 4~0 400 350 0 1:00 ~AM 3:00 AM $:00 AM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM II:00AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM 5:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 11:00 PM '--"~DAILY AVG. VOLUIVW. TIME (ltOURS) PIZAK DAY VOLUM~ (SUNDAY) EXHIBIT No. 8-5 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 5 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF TOWN LINE ROAD) DIRECTION: EASTBOUND 1200 200 t 1:00 AM 3:00 AM 5:00 AM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 11:00 AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM $:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 11:00 PM TIME (HOURS) -'-~ 'DAILY AVG. VOLUME PEAK DAY VOLUME ~RIDAY) EXHIBIT No. 8-6 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 5 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF TOWN LINE ROAD) DIRECTION: WESTBOUND 1200 1000 200 0 1:00 AM 3:00 AM 5:00 AM 7:00 AM ..... DALLY AVG. VOLUM~ pF~AK DAY VOLUI~ (SUNDAY) 9:00 AM II:00AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM 5:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 11:00 PM TIME (IlOURS) EXHIBIT No. 8-7 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 26 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF SKIMHAMPTON ROAD) DIRECTION: EASTBOUND 1000 8OO 300 20O 0 1:00 AM 3:00 AM $:00 AM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 11:00 AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM S:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 11:00 PM TIME (HOURS) ~ ' ' 'DAILY AVG. VOLUME PEAK DAY VOLUME (SATURDAY) EXHIBIT No. 8-8 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN COUNT STATION No. 26 LOCATION: RT. 27 (EAST OF SKIMHAMPTON ROAD) DIRECTION: WESTBOUND 30O 20O 0 !:00 AM 3:00 AM ~:00 AM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 11:00 AM 1:00 PM 3:00 PM 5:00 PM 7:00 PM 9:00 PM 1 !:00 PM ~ (nOUaS) ...... DALLY AVG. VOLUME PEAK DAY VOLUM~ GRAPHIC SCALE DRA] TOWN OF ~.AST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE 1965, 1982, AND 1996 AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUMES COMPARISIONS L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. ~,b~t,o February 1997 LK.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 8--~ SYMBOL DESCRIPTION 1982 vs. 1965 t17 YEARS) -1996 vs. 1965 (31 YEARS) COUXT STATION No. COUNT STATION LOCATION Based on data at these locations, between 1965 and 1982, summer traffic on Route 2'/ experienced a growth of about 120 percent, or a little mom than a doubling in magnitude. This co~ds to an annual (simple) growth rate of 7.1 percent per year. Between 1982 and 1996, the average summer traffic growth was 81 percent overall, or 5.8 percent per year. When taking the 31 year period between 1965 and 1996 as a whole, average summer traffic growth was 202 percent, or 6.5 percent per year. With three exceptions, average summer traffic volume growth at the other count locations was higher than that on Route 27. Some roads experienced 31-year growth of 1000 percent or mote; it should be noted that 1965 volume on these roads were very low. Average growth rates, "weighted" by the amount of traffic at each location, are shown at the bottom of Table 8-1. The 140 percent overall growth between 1965 and 1982 corresponds to an average annual growth of 8.2 percent; between 1965 and 1996 the 273 percent overall rate is equivalent to an annual rate of 8.8 percent. In contrast, the population of the unincorporated portion of the Town grew from 8,377 in 1970 to 13,742 in 1990, based on U.S. Census data. This 64 percent increase corresponds to an average increase of 3.2 percent per year. Turning movement traffic volumes were obtained at several intersections on Saturday afternoons in August, where capacity was perceived to be a concern. Data previously collected in August 1985 at other intersections was expanded to 1996 by using a growth factor obtained after 8-4 i{ ~ -~. P~K ~OUR VOLUMES ... ... .- ... ...' EXISTING PEAK HOUR VOLUMES EXISTING PEAl( HOUR VOLUMES AUGU PANTIGO EXISTING PF, AK HOUR VOLUMES TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE 53OSTING TURNING MO~ VOLUME MAP OVF_Sr SECTION) L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. E"Sb't~" February 1997 L.K.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 1~ SYM~BOL D~SCRIPTION INTERSECTION LOCATION DRAFT 2000 E~STING ~ ~o PEAK HOUR _~ VOLUMES EXISTING PE~ HOUR tHIC SCALE VOLUMES / {ZXISTING HOUR TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE EXISTING TURNING MOVEMENT VOLUME MAI: (FAST SEC-~ON) L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. February 1997 L.K.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 l b~ SYMBOL i DESCRIFrlON $ [ INTERSECTION LOCATION DRAFT EXISTING PEAK HOUR EXISTING EXISTING 33~-~ P~ HOUR ~- ~ ~ ~ P~K HOUR VOLUMES VOLUMES ~6 -~ examining 1996 machine count data. Peak hour traffic data at these locations is shown on Bxhibits 8-10A and 8-lOB. 8.3 HIGHWAY CAPACITY Methodology contained in the Highway Ca_~city. Manual, published by the Transportation Research Board in 1994, was utilized to assess traffic conditions on major roadways within the Town. Summer machine traffic volume counts were utilized in determining 1996 Levels of Servico on the roadways. The results are shown on Exhibit 8-11. Level of Service is a measure of traffic congestion or a roadway or at an intersection, with being the best level, "E~ being equal to the roadway's capacity and "F" being failure, or conditions exceeding capacity.~ost roadways shown on Exhibit 8-11 operate at Level of Service *D" or worse on an average summer day. It should be noted that intersections along these roadways with significant cross traffic will typically operate at worse levels than those for roadway segments¥~ Because individual levels of service can represent a broad range of traffic volumes, "+ and -" levels were introduced to better refine the results. An assessment of "off-season" traffic conditions on Route 27 was made from machine count data collected in April 1997. The results are shown on Table 8-1A. At the three locations analyzed, daily totals of April represent between 67 percent and 33 percent of those in August, decreasing 8-5 TABLE 8-1A TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PI.AN COMPARISON OF SUMMER AND 'OFF SEASON' LEVEL OF SERVICE ON ROUTE 27 % TRAFFIC AUGUST 96 APRIL 97 APRIL/AUGUST AVERAGE PEAK AVERAGE PEAK DAILY HOUR DAILY HOUR AVERAGE PEAK LOCATION TRAFFIC VOLUME L.O.S. TRAFFIC VOLUME LO.S. DAY HOUR Wainscott (No. 5) 29,007 2,134 E- 19,315 1,793 E 67% 84% Amagansett (No. 26) 21,772 1,733 E 11,746 1,124 D 54% 65% Montauk (No. 4) 9,075 1,309 D 3,001 383 C+ 33% 29% NOTES: 1. AIl figures are two-way traffic (sum of both directions). 2. Level of Service (L.O.S.) is based on peak-hour traffic volumes. RGD:efr 04/30/97 GRAPHIC SCALE ( iN FgET, ) ,? FtREi~ TOWN OF EAsT HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE A~TB~ LBV~L OF SB~VICB L. K. ~¢LEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. I February 1997 LK.M.A. Proj. No. 30-000-16 8--1 TRAFFIC VOLUME DATA) ~' ~k~'~COUNT STATION No. ~COUNT ~TiTION LOCATION SYMBOL DF~CRIPTION I,~95i S ~ LEVEL OF SERVICE 'D' ~ LEVEL OF SERVICE 'C ~ LEVEL OF SERVICE ~ LEVEL OF SERVICE 'E' [~ LEVEL OF SERVICE 'F' from the west (Wninscott) to the east (Montauk). In the peak hour, at the two westerly locations 0Vainscott and Amagansett), April traffic volumes represent higher percentages of August I~ffic; at Wainscott, April peak hour volumes are 84 percent of those in August, and the corresponding Level of Service 'E" is close to that (E-) in August. In Amagansett, the "off- season" Level of Service is "D', compared to "E" in August. The level of service in Montauk deteriorates significantly between April and August, from "C-~-" to "D". Capacity analysis was performed at those intersections where turning movement traffic volume was obtained. These results appear on Table 8-2. Several locations exhibit unsatisfactory Levels of Service; improvements to mitigate these conditions arc discussed in Section 8.8. 8.4 TRA~'~'iC ACCIDENTS Traffic accident data was obtained for the latest available three-year period, in order to identify locations with significant numbers of traffic accidents. Data was obtained for calendar years 1992 through 1994 from the following sources: o New York State Accident Surveillance System - Routes 27 and 114x/'/ o Suffolk County Department of Public Works - County Roads o New York State Local Accident Surveillance System (CLASS) - Town and Village Roads Table 8-3 is a summary of thc 27 locations (intersections or roadway segments) with the highest number of accidents in the three year period. It should be noted that only accidents involving personal injury or more than $1,000 in property damage are described as "reportable" accidents, 8-6 TABLE 8-2 TOWN OF EAST I-LKIVlFiON TRANSPORTATION PLAN PRELIM]flqARY CAPACITY ANALYSIS (S~TURDAY) %VOOD$ LANR (NYS 27) O MA~q ST 0/ff.L OF L HAMPTON) TH 43 ~rI 140 ¢ B 0.T70 2::'it~?:i! ~3~?~J:: A ItT # A ~:::::' !~::: LT 42 LT 2~ LT 28 s.l-t~H. 'm~ (NYS l 14) 0 ST~c~N F,A,'*,'DS PATti T'~ 3t? E TH 240 S TH 212 F TH ]9l C E t.o46 Tun (+). ~ .~,~,-,t Io~ion ) I ) TABLE 8-3 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN HIGH ACCIDENT LOCATION SUMMARY DATA CO~.I.ECT~D (1992- 1994) ~- SlgmlL~d Intruder/on . Ivhy be pot~ti~l Pmbkm i.e. those required by law to be reported. This fact explains the public perception that there are many more accidents occurring at a particular location than statistics indicate. If 40 percent of the total number of accidents are reported, actual accident totals would be generally 2-1/2 times the number recorded. It should be noted that the Suffolk County Department of Public Works has historically used a total of five accidents per year to de£me a high accident location, in rural areas such as Hampton. Although the accident totals shown in Table 8-3 are not equal to actual numbers of accidents, the reported numbers were used in estabtishing a ranking of the locations, in order of decreasing overall accident totals. On Table 8-3, accident totals by year are shown. In addition to Xreportable' accidents previously described, other accidents may have been reported, but details describing these accidents were not recorded. For 'reportableN accidents, data on time of day, injuries, pavement condition, weather and type of accident are shown on Table 8-3. Exhibit 8- 12 is a map depicting the high accident locations. At the 27 locations, accident data was analyzed to identify any trends, and observations were made at each location in order to identify safety-related improvements which could be implemented to reduce accident occurrences. 8-7 r-.i .l GRAPHIC SCALE ' ,~ BRA! '18 PT TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UPDATE HIGH ACCIDENT LOCATIONS L. K. McLEAN ASSOCIATES, P.C. February 1997 L.K.M.A. Proj. No, 30-000-16 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION ~IGH ACCIDENT LOCATIONS COUNTY ~ LOCAL ROAD (NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS FROM 1992 THROUGH 1994) SYMBOL DESCRIPTION NEW YORK STATE ROAD (NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS FROM 1992 THROUGH 1994 ~0CA?10N No. SIGNALIZED }~ERSECTIONS) $.5 FUTURE CAPACITY AND SAFETY IMPROVF_,ME. NTS Few highway projects are planned in the Town of ~a,t Hampton in the next five years. Projects planned by the New York State Department of Transportation include: Construction (1997) of an eastbound left turn lane on Route 27 at the intersection with Stephen Hands Path (PIN 0008.18) Pavement rehabilitation with some safety impwvements (1999) on Route 27 from the Town of Southampton to Cranberry Hole Road (PIN 0058.92) Pavement 'armor coat" (1999) on Route 27 from Cranberry Hole Road to Montauk Point (P~N 00~8.96) Improvement of vertical clearance on Route 114 (1998) beneath the Long Island Rail Road overpass (PiN OTO 873). The current posted clearance is 11'-0". 8.6 OTHI~-R HIGHWAY NEEDS Additional data on roadway conditions in the Town was supplied by means of citizen input obtained at the five Citizens Advisory Committee Meetings. meetings can be summafiz~ as follows: Route 27 A. Key concerns obtained at the Need for left turn hnes and other channelization: Wainscott-Northwest Road in Wainscott (revise lane markings on northbound approach) Newtown l-~ne./North Main Street in the Village of East Hampton (eastbound left 8-8 'turn lane back-ups at North Main Street impact Newtown Lane intersection, also westbound merging problems) At post office and laundromat in Amagansott At the east intersection of Old Montauk Highway in Montauk The above locations were mentioned at the meetings. Other appropriate locations should be incorporated into NYSDOT's rehabilitation projects on Route 27. These include the Town Hall and Town Hall Annex entrances, particularly in light of use of the Town Hall parki,ng field as a shuttle bus stop as discussed in Section 5. In addition, the following intersectional improvements should be made: Route 27 at Old Montauk Highway (Amagansett): Construct shoulder on Route 27 adjacent to channelizing island Route 27 at Abraham's Landing Road (Amagansett): Eliminate existing channelized roadways, construct conventional intersection. Reverse flow on one-way aisle in railroad station parking area. Coordinate improvements with the proposed Southampton-Past Hampton bicycle path, which will proceed westerly, adjacent to the LIRR right-of-way, from this point. Need to review passing zones (existing pavement markings): Amagansett (Cranberry Hole Road - Surf Drive area) Napeague (hotel/restaurant area) Montank (business district) 8-9 Excessive delays entering Route 27 from side roads/parking areas: Wainscott Business District Village of East Hampton Business District Amagansett Business District Speeding: Waiuscott Business District Amagansett (from the Post Office to Napeague Lane) Napeague (hotel/restaurant area) Pedestrian/Bicyclist Concerns: Crossing Route 27 in business areas - * Wainscott * Village of East Hampton * Amaga. nsett Emergency Services: Response times are impacted by congestion on Route 27: Springs Amagansett Montauk Route 114 PedesMan/Bieycle Safety: Need for coustruetion of sidewalks to remove pedesu'iaus fi'om shoulder of road 8-10 Need to better delineate shoulder area to discourage vehicles from using shoulder Spee,~ng/Traffic Calming: Need to reduce speeds, and extend distance for transitioning speeds approaching Village of Sag Harbor from the south Consider improvements near the old "toll gate" area to reduce speeds and "funnel" traffic into Village of Sag Harbor Alignment: - Improve horizontal and vertical alignment in the vicinity of Hillside Drive County and Local Roads A. Speeding: Wainscott (on bypass routes such as Wainscett-Stone Road, Wainscett-Main Strcet) Amagansett (on bypass routes including Sldmhampton Road, Further Lane and Bluff Road) Montauk (Old Montauk Highway, Flamingo Avenue, West Lake Drive) Springs (Three Mile Harbor Road, Talmage Farm Lane, Springs-Fireplac~ Road, Flaggy Hole Road, Fort Pond Boulevard, and near Maidston¢ Park) B. Traffic Volumes on Bypass Roads: Wainscott (significant truck traffic uses thes~ routes) Amagansett Springs 8-11 Pedestrian/Bicyclist Concerns: Wainscott (Wainscott Stone Road) Amagan~t (Further Lane) Montauk (poor bicycle riding conditions on Old Montauk Highway, Old West Other Concerns: These include specific intersections (alignment, sight distance) and drainage problems In addition to public input, most of the major roads in the Town were inventoried, on a cursory basis, to obtain general geometric information, including number and width of travel lanes and shoulders, speed limits, general alignment features, pavement and pavement marking conditions, and existing traffic signs. The results of the observations, including suggestions for improvements, appear on Table 8-4. Other highway needs involve insufficient vertical clearances under bridges carrying the LIRR over Town or Village of F~st Hampton roads. Existing posted clearances range from 9'-0" to 10'-2". These include the following locations: o Stephen Hands Path o Daniels Hole Road o North Main Sm~e~ o Accabonac Road 8-12 TABLE 8-4 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN PRELIMINARY TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON ROADWAY SUMMARY, GgNI3~,AL CHABA~.-~i~ASTICS AND CONDITIONS The restricted clearances are causing lrucks to alter their desired delivery routes~ Increasing thc clearances by lowering the highway profile is desirable. Based on the existing roadway system, it does not appear that these improvements will generate significant thru (or bypass) truck traffic in existing residential areas. However, this conclusion should be confirmed before improvements are made. There are deficiencies on thc bridge structure carrying Cranberry Hole Road over the LIRR. These include structural settling of the bridge abutments. In addition, sight distance over the bridge is restricted by the existing vertical curvature of the roadway and lane widths are narrow. The LIRR intends to address the structural deficiencies. The Town Highway Department's intention is to make limited roadway alignment improvements when structural construction OCcurs. 8.7 NTRAFFIC CALMINGN Typically, the two traffic concerns on local roads most often cited by residents are the volume and speed of through Ixaffic. F:.ast Hampton residents share these concerns. Traffic volume increases on local roads have generally outpaced traffic growth on Route 27 over the last 30 years, in many cases occurring because of summer congestion on Route 27 and other roads. Much of this "bypass" Uaffic is exceeding local speed limits, as motorists attempt to ensure that traveliing on the usually longer bypass does not result in an increase in time over the shorter congested route. 8-13 Included by residents among the safety concerns of quickly-moving traffic are the safety of pedestrians and bicycles proceeding along these routes. Pedestrians can be removed from the traveled way by providing safety paths (sidewalks); bicyclists (and skaters) are attempting to share the pavement area with the vehicles. Other municipalities around the United States have employed various measures to "calm" the flow of traffic. "Calming" attempts to achieve a reduction in the speed of vehicles generally by changing the width and visual appearance of the pavement area and the adjacent "street scene" (e.g. sidewalk and landscaped area). The intent of "traffic cnlrnin§" measures is to increase the driver's attentiveness, resulting in reduced potential for traffic accidents, thereby increasing traffic safety. Numerous techniques have been used as traffic calming measures; however, only one of these appear to have potential for significant use within the Town. Where there is sufficient existing pavement width, use of the pavement can be re-apportioned in such a way that the travel lane width is reduced and a shoulder is created. This is accomplished simply by installing appropriate pavement markings without removing existing pavement. The narrower travel lane has the potential to reduce speeds, and the shoulder can accommodate bicycle travel. Several traffic calming measures were considered for use in the Town. Some of these measures include: o Reduction in pavement width available for travel lanes. Motorists will generally reduce 8-14 speeds on narrower pavements. This can be accompanied by an increase in sidewalk area, and additional landscaping to enhance the visual appearance of the road. The installation of shoulders on a wide pavement area are also sometimes effective. Reduction in speed limit. The effectiveness of this measure is minimal, if geometric conditions on the road are such that a motorist feels he can travel safely at (or above) the original posted speed limit. In addition, this measure requires additional police enforcement. Installation of geometric features, such as: Chokers, a narrowing of the pavement at a particular location, usual!y at aa intersection or the middle of a block. Traffic circles. Median barriers. Diverters, to restrict turns or specific directions of travel, at intersections. Cul-de-sacs, to create dead-end streets. Raised intersections, where the pavement in the intersection area is raised a few inches above the normal level of the intersecting roads. Rumble strips Pavement undulations, such as speed humps. - Installation of stop signs on through roads to create ~ail way stop" intersections. This measure is generally effective in reducing speeds for very short distances 8-15 near the intersection. Multiple installations along a roadway could be effective in reducing the number of blatant speed violators; however, a diversion of traffic to other, routes with less desirable conditions (geometric and social) could occur as a result. It would appear that, on those bypass routes subject to traffic increases, of all these measures, reduction in the available pavement area upon which the motorist can travel may be the most- effective measure for use in East Hampton, provided that there is enough pavement width to safely accomplish this. This measure could create a shoulder area which can be utilized by bicyclists and skaters and would require only installation of pavement markings on the existing paved roadway. A reduction in speed limit will be effective only if the new speed limit is reasonable, given the roadway's geometric conditions. Other measures, such as installation of all-way stop intersections and physical geometric features, do not appear appropriate given the rural nature of the Town. 8.8 RECOMMENDATIONS All highway improvements should be consistent with the following, in order to maintain the rural character of the Town: o No new roads with potential for aRracting "bypass" traffic should be constructed. o No additional through lanes should be constructed on existing roads. 8-16 O O No additional traffic signals should be installed. Potential traffic growth on existing bypass routes should be minimized. The Town should review the current designation of Federal Aid roadways as shown on Exhibit 8- 1, with the State and County. The designation should be revised 'to be consistent with existing traffic volumes and the 'function" of each roadway. The functional classifications include arterials, collector and local roads. Local and minor collector roads are not normally eligible for Federal aid. As an initial stage, roads with annual average daily traffic volumes over 5,000 vehicles should be considered for inclusion in the Federal-Aid system. This list can be refined following discussions with the State, County and Town. The Town should initiate projects to implement the improvements at High Accident Locations shown in Table 8-5. While some of these improvements will result in increased intersecfioual capacity, they are primarily safety-related. Geometric improvements should be made at the intersection of Route 27 with North Main Street in the Village of East Hampton; conceptual alternatives are shown in Exhibits 8-13 and 8-13A. A less desirable alternative would be to reroute eastbound Route 27 traffic desitned for North Main Street to the signalized Egypt Lane intersection to the east, a somewhat circutous route for those vehicles. 8-17 D 05101/97 08:46 AM TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TABLE POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS AT I 14 Mo~k Hwy (W. of w~mo~ ~u~ Rd) M-M. 705169~ !RANSPORTATION PLAN 18-5 [IGH ACCIDENT LOCATIONS l~mk~ TI~ C.~'~b (E~l) O1X~ WAY Sa~i~ml m/NO ~.FT ACC-LOC.V~rK4 16 M~etm~k Hw/~ $.H./F-H. Tpke ('NYS l 14) · 17 A~ommk Hw,/(~ ~ld Mmm~ HiSJm~ (~s~) Wmb~mdL~ T~ 18 Ced,r St ~ St,~yi,m Ibnds l~h 19 S{~p Fit~ Rd (CR 41 ) ~ Tim~ Mik l.b, rb~ Rd (CR 40) 2O Spmp Fir, tahoe ~d (C~ 4~) ~t J, cboe/Fk~ 21 Tiu~ ivrdc H,,b,x- i~l (CR 40) ~ Sc, k Hides 22 M.M. 7051688 24 Mmtmk Hwy (~ Stqbm J.bnds eo~h lbuu. F..nd ~,L.~ v,a~n8 h tn M.M. 7051716 ~ - Ivfil~ Mftrkcr 'VPH - Vchlehn p~' Horn' !wy ~1~ L~ T~n~ 2v~. Ired 2 v~w L~lt T~ s~mb. Im-3l VPH ~-n- 13 VPH 'yin - 145 VPH immll ~I"OP AI..~,AD sigm m I~ l.,Ismis p~h. C_.~mid,~ movln8 d,-. ips~s~=:6,m to *h.- Nod~ .~,ti,d~ oould ~dso A 1 ~95 !~ imialld a Lg/t Turn Iss~ d gsis ImmliQn. Tn~ NYS lure a 1~ that v'tiil bY i'~t'll;%' s Eastbound Left Turn on . SEE ~ FOR LOCATION # 1 ACC-LOC.V~.4 ? F ~F I~MOVE PAVEMENT - CREATE 'OFIEE~ AF~.A' RIGHT TURN Z--TRAFFIC SIGNAL WITH TWO PHAS~ j-ANE N~ORTH N[Att, I ST. County and Town roads should be improved as indicated in Table 8-4. Shoulders and safety paths should be constructed where appropriate. Where sufficient pavement width exists, a reduction of thc width of travel lanes can help to "calm" traffic flow, while creating shoulder areas. This technique may be particularly useful in rfllninlizing bypass use of local roads. Improvements to the alignment of local roads should be safety-related, and not meant to attract additional traffic. Installation of left- and right-turn lanes at intersections should be implemented where appropriate. Further study is needed to define specific projects. Improvements in vertical clearances of roadways beneath the LIRR should be accomplished at Stephen Hands Path, Daniels Hole Road, North Main Street and Accabonac Road. The latter two bridges are located in the Village of East Hampton. The future reconditioning and preservation project along Route 27 should include construction of left turn lanes. The State should evaluate both the need for alignment improvements on Route 114 near Hillside Drive, and speed zone transitions entering the Village of Sag Harbor from the south. Evaluation of existing passing zones on Routes 27 and 114 should be undertaken as soon as possible. 8-18 9.0 "DO~ArNTOWN'' AREAS Several major business disUicts, or "downtown" areas, are included within the scope of this study. These include the following: Wainseott Hampton (Village) Amagansett Montauk Sag Harbor (Portion of Village within Town) Route 27 Route 27, Newtown Lane, North Main Street Route 27 Route 27, Edgemere Street (CR 49) Route 114 Other Modes of Town Airport, Bus Rail, Bus, Taxi Rail, Bus Rail, Bus, Taxi Bus 9.1 MOBILITY During the summer season, thc influx of traffic on the State roadways (Route 27, Route 114) serving these areas results in traffic congestion, which reaches its worst conditions during the following time periods: o Friday evenings o Saturday mornings, afternoons and evenings o Sunday afternoons and evenings In addition, congestion can occur on weekdays, when weather conditions are not conducive for beach-goers. 9-1 Traffic congestion has significantly limited the ability of autos, trucl~, buses, taxis and emergency vehicles to travel to each of these areas, and to travel "downtown" area roads as well. Congestion on these roadways impairs the ability of bicyclists and pedestrians to circulate freely within these areas. 9.2 PARKING In each of these areas, on-street parking exists on State roadways in the heart of thc downtown business district. Typically, on-street spaces are occupied first; then off-street parking areas, including those behind stores are utiliTed. This is typical of conditions occurring on weel~nds and 'bad weather' weekdays in Fa~t Hampton, Amagansett and Montauk. Although on-street parking on Route 27 occurs in Wainscott, it is not as prevalent as in the other areas. Parking conditions in the Village of l~t Hampton are particularly constrained. A significant amount of parking activity occurs in the 'off-season'. For example, observations made on a mid-April weelcda_y in the Reutershan parking field (north of Route 27 and west of Newtown Lane), indicate that the field was over 70 percent utilized. Parking time restrictions vary in the Villaze. On Railroad Avenue, in the vicinity of the Long Island Rail Road station, 15 and 30 minute, one hour and seven day restrictions exist. On-street parking is generally restricted to one hour duration in the heart of the Village. Off-street parking is generally restricted to two hours duration; with the exception of the Lumber Lane parking area. This parking area is sub-divided, with thc southerly lot can~ing a r~tfiction of 9-2 24 hours, and the northcrly portion, 14 days. The northerly portion is popular among LIP& commuters, who apparently utilize the lot for long-term parking prior to boarding the train. It is not unusual for on-street spaces on Route 27 to be folly occupied to a point west of David's l~c during peak periods. Similar conditions exist on Newtown Lane and side roads to both Route 27 and Newtown Lane. Spaces in the lot near the A&P, northwest of the Route 27/Newtown Lane intersection, are unavailable as weal. Village enforcement agents are diligent in marking tires of parked cars in an attempt to strictly enforce parking restrictions to maximize parking availability. 9.3 PEDF_STRIAN TRAVEL As stated previously, congestion on main downtown roads, particularly in the Vilhge of East Hampton, result in difficulties in pedestrians' ability to cross roadways when travelling to downtown businesses, and to and from parking areas. In East Hampton Village, there are pedestrian crossing signals at the Route 27/Newtown Lane intersection. Significant volumes of pedestrians crossing these roads inhibit the movement of turning vehicles, which must yield to pedestrians, causing queues of turning vehicles. Marked 'mid-block* crossw~lir* exist at several locations in the downtown area on Route 27 and Newtown !~ne, and some of these are supplemented with signs advising motorists to yield to crossing pedestrians. Simihrly, traffic flow on Route 27 in the business districts of Wainscott, Amagansett and Montank inhibits the ability of pedestrians to cross the road. There are no traffic signals in these 9-3 hamlets. However, designated erosswnlirs exist on Route 2'/. 9.4 N~.~BS AND DEFICIENC~.~ In the Village of ~*t Hampton, parking conditions in the pe~lc summer period have reached a critical stage. Daily parking fees for non-resident vehicles parking for more than a day in the Lumber Lane field have been proposed. This controver~in! proposal was developed in order to make more spaces available for shoppers. The Village has, over the years, spent considerable funds in the development of parking in the business area. As there is little sp~e available for parking expansion, management of parking demand in the Village has become essential. Some tactics to manage parking demand are described in Section 12.2. These techniques are applicable in other areas where summer parking shortages occur, such as Amagansett. 9.5 RF, CO~ATIONS Due to limited spoce to provide addilional parking spaces in the core of the Village of East Hampton, establishment of remote parking fields, or "fringe' parking, would appear to be a promising technique to manage parking demand. Fringe lots could be constructed, or they could be established within existing, under-utilized parking areas. This technique is desirable in other areas of the Town, such as Amagansett, where parking is constrained. 9-4 It is imperative that transportation be provided from these lots to business areas. Shuttle bus service can readily be established from pick-up points in these areas Io "downtown' business dislricts. Fringe parking can alleviate traffic congestion in these districts by reducing the number of vehicles circulating the area in search of parking spaces. Fringe parking should be established at the following locations: o In the vicinity of the Town's airport in WainscoR o At Town Hall o In the Amagansett area, possibly near the railroad station, or by expansion of the existing municipal parking area in the center of the business district. In conjunction with establishment of these parking areas, shuttle bus service should be instituted in peak periods. The results of the trial summer shuttle service should be reviewed to determine passenger reaction, predict ridership, and prioritize establishment of these parking areas. Pedestrian safety is a potential problem in 'downtown* districts, as well as in residential areas. In business areas such as East Hampton Village, pedestrians compete with vehicles, both at intersections and at mid-block locations. Crossing Route 27 without use of pedestrian signals, as provided at a signalized intersection, can be very difficult. Consideration should be given to installation of traffic signals at mid-block locations with high pedestrian crossing activity. 9-5 Along Town collector roads in residential aras, the lack of sidewalks or 'safety paths' results in pedestrian traffic utilizing the roadway pavement. In conjunction with the recommended annual highway program to improve Town roads, conslruction of sidewalks where appropriate should occur. 9-6 10.0 BICYCT Bicycle use is becoming inc~e~i,~gly important on Long Island, both for recreational use and as a means to commute to work in favorable weather conditions. In the Town of l:~gt Hampton, recreational bicycle use is widespread in the peak tourist sea.son, among visitors and residents alike. Long Island bicycle organiT~_tions frequently hold weei~md 'tours' on Eastern Long Island. 10.1 CURRENT AND PLANN~.D BICYCLE FAClLrr~-q Means of accommodating bicycles can be described as follows: Bicycle lane - A portion of a roadway which has been designated by striping, pavement markings and signing for the preferential use of bicyclists. Bicycle path - A path that is physically separated from motor vehicle traffic by an open space or barrier and may be in the highway right-of-way or an independent right-of-way. Bicycle route - A system or network of roads, streets, paths or ways that are open to bicycle travel and that have been designated by the jurisdiction(s) having authority with appwpriate directional and informational route markers (w/th or without a specific bicycle route number). Established bicycle routes should provide for continuous wuting between logical termini. Shared roadway - A roadway which may or may not be designated and marked as a bicycle route but which is open to both bicycle and motor vehicle travel and upon which no bicycle lane is desiguated. Examples may include roads with wide curb lanes and roads with shoulders. 10-1 Shown on F. xhibit 10-1 are pioi.osed bicycle mutes in the Towns, as prepared by the Group for the South Fork. The State Department of Transportation, in cooperation with the Towns of East Hampton and Southampton, will establish a major east-west bicycle route through portions of the two Towns. The route will feature a dedicated bicycle path adjacent to the Long Island Rail Road fight-of-way in both Towns. The remainder of the mutes shown on Exhibit 10-1 are a 'wish list' for the establishment of bicycle facilities in the Town. These would include bicycle lanes, paths and routes as well as shared roadways. 10.2 N~S AND DEFICIENCI~.q Prior to implementing the proposed facilities identified in Exhibit 10-1, review of existing road conditions is requi~d. This will ensure that pavement widths are appropriate m accommodate bicycle routes and lanes, and that proper signs are erected to alert motorists to the presence of bicyclists. It may be desirable to widen roadways to construct shoulder/bike lanes on these roads. h is important to instruct young riders on the 'roles of the road' for bicycling; this should be a formal part of elementary and junior high school cirriculum. More bicycle racks az= needed at beaches, shopping areas and train stations. 10-2 GRAPHIC SCALE DRAj BATHING BEACH ~ ~:~: r: --r*- BATHING BEACH ~: BATHING~CH BATHING B ~' ' W/ FAC HTIES } ,;~ W/ FACIHTIES W/ FACII,IT BATHING BEACH - ~ ~  *~ .. ~ [ PROPOSED BIKE ~S RTE 27 RTE 114 ~w S~BOL DESC~P~0N ~(EDGEMERE/F~IN~ A~.)(THREE ~ H~OR RB.) : ¢ .~s SY~0L DESCRI~ON ~MBOL DESCRIPTION ~,v,,c ' ~ POI~S OF IN, REST ~ POST OFFICE ~ SCHOOL '' ~ T~N ~ATION ~ ~R~Y A MUSEUM 10.3 RECOMblF, NDATION$ Implement a system of bicycle lanes, paths and routes to promote safe bicycle travel in the Town. Establishment of these mutes should be preceeded by a study of the affected roadways to determine whether appropriate pavement widths and signs can be provided to establish the facilities. A bicycle education effort should be encouraged. Additional bicycle racks should be provided at beaches and shopping areas. Bicycle racks or lockers should be installed at train stations. In conjunction with improvements identified in Section 5.0 for the Town's bus system, buses should have the capability of transporting bicycles. Recognizing the fact that this is a difficult task with existing equipment, perhaps buses with this capability can be gradually ~phased-in" 10-3 11.0 OTHER MODES OF TRAVEL 11.1 TAXIS Taxi and limousine service within the Town is provided by private companies. Taxis meet LIRR trains at the Town's train stations. Taxi service can also be arranged by telephone. There is no regulation of taxi service in the Town. Fares can vary significantly, both by locale ($5.00 flat rate within the Montauk area, metered service in other areas) by season (reports of summer fares 50 percent higher than winter for the same fide), and by taxi company. 11.2 ROLI.k'~BLADING Rollerblading has become a very popular recreational activity on the Town's roadways, particularly in the summer season. Concerns of residents, primarily safety-related, have been expressed at Citizens Advisory Committee meetings in Springs, Wainscott, and AmaganseR. Most of the concerns cited observations of individuals skating two or more-abreast on the roadway pavement. The Town is considering adoption of a local law on bicycles and skates (roller skates, in-line skates and skateboarding) that would: o Reinforce certain provisions of the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law requiring bikes and skaters to stay to the right in single file, and prohibiting attachment to vehicles. 11-1 O O Inclusion of these provisions in the local law will enable Traffic Control Officers to enforce them. Prohibit skating in downtown areas of Amagansett and Montauk. Prohibit skating on Route 27 and certain other roadways with significant traffic volumes. Prohibitions of skating in certain areas would appear to be in conffict with Sections 1231 and 1234 of the Vehicle and Traffic Law, which states that skaters have the same fights az bicyclists. Bicycle travel is currently restricted on controlled-access roads only. It should be noted that rinks where skaters can safety practice their sport exist in the Town, and new facilities have been proposed. 11.3 RECOMMENDATIONS Regulation of taxi service and fares is required. This will enable proper publicity of senfice areas and fares to be made available to the public, and encourage use of taxis. These measures will optimize the effectiveness of the taxi system az a component of the Town's transportation system. The Town should adopt a pwposed local hw regarding rollerbhding and skating which reinforces the State's Vehicle and Traffic Law. Public education on these modes of travel should also be incorporated into the curriculum of local schools. 11-2 12.0 DEMAND MANAGEMENT In the last tea year~, more attention has been focused on the need to reduce 'demand" on the transportation infrastructure in the United States. Previously, attention has been focused primarily on the 'supply" of adequate highway facilities to handle existing development and future growth. Recently, the realization that the capacity of the highway network has been outpaeed by traffic growth from both development and vehicle registration increases has resulted in efforts to reduce demands on the system. As evidenced by the historical growth in summer traffic in thc Town, F~t Hampton has far outpaced the normal traffic growth in the Western Towns of Suffolk County. The latter growth is typically less than 3 percent annually; F~t Hampton's summer traffic growth has exceeded an ~ of 6 percent annually since 1965 on Route 27, and 8 percent overall. The result of this growth can be seen in the estimation of existing summer levels of service on the highway system (on Exhibit 8-11) and at key intersections (Table 8-2). These results indicate that ]~st HampWn is at a critical point in time, as far as managing demand on its transportation system is concerned. Current summer conditions will continue to deteriorate rapidly, if subject to future annual growth similar to that experienced since 1965. Consistent with the recent national focus on reducing "demand" on the transportation system rather than increasing the "supply" of highway lanes, public input obtained in the preparation 12-1 of this report has stressed the desire not to widen roadways in the Town. Construction of new roadways, particularly bypass mutes to Route 27, were once a highly debated topic in East Hampton and are the subject of considerable discussion in the 1966 Comprehensive Transpo~alion Plan. Today, public consensus is slrongly against construction of new bypass mutes. While public sentiment on construction of new ro~ls and addilional lanes is primarily based on maintaining the rural character of life in the Town, which is being threatened by the yearly increases in traffic volumes, it is reinforced by the 1990 Federal Clean Ai~ Act Amendments. 12.1 CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMi;~NTS The 1990 Federal Clean Air Act amendments added a sense of urgency to the efforts of demand management. Under the law, places in the United States which are in federal #non-attainment" areas were to be included in a State Implementation Plan (SIP). Suffolk County was included in non-attainment areas for both ozone and carbon monoxide. Suffolk's ozone non-attainment was classified as severe and the carbon monoxide level as moderate. The SIP details measures to reduce vehicle miles of travel (VIvlT), thereby reducing congestion and vehicle emissions. A region's transportation program must be in conformance with the SIP; furthermore, individual component projects of the project (i.e. a region's Transportation Improvement Program) must also be in conformance with the SIP. The emphasis of ~he Clean Air Act was to improve air quality by reducing traffic congestion ~hrough a reduction in vehicle miles of travel. It was anticipated that a combination of measures 12-2 would be ~_~_~ry to achieve the goal of reduced congestion, and in turn, reduced vehicle emissions, through a reduction in vehicular trips. Because of the "severe' ozone non-attainment classification for Suffolk County, each employer of 100 or more people was to develop a plan to increase work-trip vehicle occupancy by 25 percent by November 1994. By November 1996, employers were to have demonstrated compliance with the plan. The law did not dictate the specific measures to be utilized in achieving the vehicle occupancy goals. In 1996, however, these measures, known as Employee Commute Options (F. CO), were made voluntary. A limited amount of funding is provided by the NYSDOT through its Long Island Region Improving Commuting (LIRIC) grant program, which is intended to encourage major employers to implement voluntary ECO programs. Proposals for LIRIC grants are solicited each fall and projects which show the greatest promise to reduce vehicular traffic are chosen for funding for a period not to exceed two years. Although the number of 100-employee businesses in the Town is scarce, some of the voluntary techniques such as ridesharing, and alternative work hours may help to reduce demand on ~:~t Hampton's highway system. 12.2 DEMAND MANAG~ TECHNIQUF. S Some of the key demand management techniques include growth management, negotiated demand management agreements, trip reduction ordinancez, fidesharing, alternative work hours and telecommufing. An overview of each of these techniques follows: 12-3 o GROWTH MANAG~ This technique involves the use of public policy to regulate the location, pattern, density, quality and growth rate of development. By controlling types of land use allowable in an area, new vehicular trips can be limited to a level consistent with the capacity of the roadway infrastructure and a desirable level of service. Examples of growth management legislation are the Montgomery County, Maryland, Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance, and Florida's Omnibus Growth Management Act. The Montgomery County procedure involves the annual determination of traffic generated by existing and approved development, and an assessment of the roadway infrastructure's ability to accommodate the additional traffic at a selected level of service. If available capacity exists for a particular development project, it can be approved; if not, the project must wait for capacity, or it must include construction of the additional capacity. The 1995 Florida legislation is similar in that growth cannot occur unless adequate roadways are provided to accommodate it. Local governments must develop comprehensive plans, land development regulations and level of service standards. Florida's plan also includes growth management of educational facilities and utilities by similar means. o NEGOTIATED DEMAND MANAGF2/IF_,NT AGR~I~.MENTS This technique involves negotiation of traffic mitigation agreements on a project-by-project basis. These agreements detail the means of reducing potential vehicular trips for a proposed development to a pre-determined goal. The measures employed may be left up to the developer, or, in some instances, such as in Los Angeles, may be stipulated by the government agency. Montgomery County requires an irrevocable bond or letter of credit be posted to 'guarantee" 12-4 forecasted trip reduction. On a smaller scale, the Town practiced this form of demand management in its 1996 adoption of legislation pertaining to "superstores", which are defined as retail stores over 15,000 square feet in size. The Town initially passed a moratorium on approval of #superstores" in order to enable a study assessing their effects to be completed. An application for a 34,000 square foot supermarket was the reason for commissioning this study. The study concluded that, in order to achieve the following objectives, a 25,000 square font store, to be located only within Central Business District zoning, would be appropriate: o Minimize *sprawlh type of development, outside of currently established business districts, which would encourage additional automobile trips on congested roadways. o Encourage developments in Central Business Districts, where other modes of travel such as bus, pedestrian, and bicycle~ can be utilized more readily. o Minimize the potential for use of bypass routes to access these developments. o TRIP I~DUI.'nON ORDINANCES Trip reduction ordinances are enacted by local governments to reduce traffic from future development. Examples of these ordinances are those that stipulate percentages of new trips to be made on modes other than single-occupancy vehicles (e.g. carpooling, vanpooling, transit), or permit specific maximum percentages of a project's total trips which may occur during the 12-5 peak highway hour. Most of these plans apply to both existing and new developments, exempt residential uses, and pre~ribe traffic mitigation goals without specifying the measures to meet the goals. Most do not, however, provide penalties for failure to attain desired trip reduction goals. o P.]DESHARING Ridesharing includes carpooling, vanpooling and buspooling. Locally, Long Island Rideshafing has been successful in providing assistanee in establishing caq)oois and vanpools for Long Island businesses and has set up annual Ridershare Weeks to encomage use of carpools and mass Wansit. Ridesharing functions best if thc riders are given incentives such as preferential parking treatment, e.g. reserved spaces at their destinations. Some fu'ms have implemented lunch time van service to eating establishments and 'guaranteed rides home' for carpool members in case of emergencies. o ALTERNATIVE WORK HOURS The use of alternative work hours, such as staggered hours, "flex time", and a compressed work week serves to reduce peak hour traffic. With staggered hours, different groups of employees begin and end work at different times. "Flex time" allows employees some freedom in choosing their daily work hours. Compression of the work week (e.g. from five- 8 hour days to four- 10 hour days) is another example of alternlfive work hours. 12-6 o TF.T-F. COMMUTING Telecommuting involves permitting employees to work at home, and providing them with a communications link with their ba~iness office. The link may take the form of a comPuter modem, facsimile (fax) machine or telephone, and can be used to transmit the work product to the office, and inslructions to the home. As a result, telecommuling can significantly reduce the number of home-to-work trips required by the employee. This technique, while normally effective, may have some negative effects in the Town. There is a significant segment of *semi-commuters' included within the summer populace in the Town. These 'semi-commuters' travel to ~t Hampton on the weekend, returning to permanent residences in New York City and elsewhere on Long Island during the week. The telecommuting option for this segment would appear to benefit peak travel conditions by eliminating the weekly trip to and from Fast Hampton, but has the potential to increase daily weelra~y trips for recreational and shopping purposes. o PARKING MANAG~ In business districts, parking management tactics can be useful in optimizing land available for parking, reducing numbers of vehicles circulating through, and between, parking fields, and reducing walking distances for pedestrians. In established areas, such as thc Village of East Hampton, these techniques can be highly controversial, as the needs of merchants, residents and visitors are often in conflict. A succint summary of Parking Management Tactics, taken from 12-7 'TABLE 12-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN Mm= --Bus -- Source: John Dire,mo, et al, Study of Parking Mnn.~ment Tacti~, U.S. DOT Report DOT-FH-I 1-9537, December 1979 the Institute of Transportation Engineers' publication, 'A Toolbox for Alleviating Traffic Congestion', is shown on,Table 12-1. In proximity to both the Village of l:~t Hampton and Amagansett, it would appear that fringe parking, such as that proposed on a weekend trial basis at Town Hall in conjunction with shuttle bus service, could be successful. The fringe parking area would offer the benefit of increasing be~.._ch and business district parking space, while at the same time removing vehicles from those are~. The applicability of other techniques is subject to further discussion among Village and ToWn representatives, merchants, residents and visitors. The Village of l~a~t Hampton currently is very diligent in enforcing existing parking regulations. APPLICABLE TECHNIQUES FOR EAST HAMPTON l~-~st Hampton's summer highway traffic conditions are predominantly determined by the magnitude of traffic volumes generated by tourism. As a result, the implementation of the aforementioned traditional demand management techniques, which focus primarily on current employer-generated traffic and future development, only addresses a l~ortion of the problem. As Uaffic conditions on the Town's highway system have reached critical levels, restrictive controls on traffic generated by future land development, while necessary, are not sufficient to ensure that traffic conditions do not deteriorate any further. A continuation of recent summer traffic increases (which are on the order of 8 percent per year), even under a moratorium on 12-$ future land development, will cause an expansion of congested highway segments and more wide. mad use of local, residential bypass mutes. Consequently, to attempt to accommodate ever-increasing summer traffic, more reliance must be placed on modes of Uansportation other than thc automobile. In addition to increasing mobility of the travelling public, improvements to the Town's existing bus, rail and bicycle facilities will improve air quality in conformity with the goals of the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments and the new Intermodai Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). Rail and bus vehicles have the capability of moving greater numbers of travellers than the automobile, while removing a significant number of automobiles from the road, and increasing the average speed of the remaining vehicles on the road. While the implementation of improved, coordinated rail and bus service, serving commuters, shoppers and beach-goers alike, is a daunting task, the Town has limited options which will adequately address the problem of traffic congestion. It is apparent that other techniques, such as "auto restricted" zones and the imposition of tolls (i.e. "congestion pricing") would have limited support among Town residents. "Auto-restricted" zones in downtown areas may have some applicability on less heavily-travelled mutes than Route 27; a likely result of their implementation would be a shift in traffic to other, less desirable mutes. Route 27 is the only viable route to Mentauk, and must maintain that function on its mute through downtown areas on the South Fork. 12-9 There have been p~s to crentc a major multi-modal transportation center on the South Fork, perhaps at Gabreski Airport in Westhampton. Thc center would accommodate vast mounts of vehicles for long-term parking. Motorists could transfer to frequent rail or bus service to continue their trip easterly. The imposition of a toll, perhaps at the Shiunecock Canal, which is crossed only by the Long Island Rail Road, Sunrise Highway (Route 27 at that point) and Montauk Highway, would encourage transfer to other modes of travel. The toll could be variable, i.e. increased during peak periods of congestion, such as Friday and Sunday evenings. Residents could obtain a 'pass* for an annual fee to allow them to bypass toll lanes. Principal drawbacks to this scheme include a lack of local support, and uncertainty regarding its effectiveness in terms of establishing toll rates sufficient to remove significant amounts of vehieles from the highways. 12.4 RECObiE4~IDATIONS The Town is at a "crossroads" in terms of managing demand on its transportation system, as evidenced by summer traffic growth on its highway system over the last 30 years. Future strategies must focus on diverting automobile trips to other modes of travel, particularly rail and bus, and tnki~g all possible measures to ensure that new, future trips occur on modes other than auto. Naturally, future land development will continue to occur, in conformance with the ~vised Town Land Use Plan. Any future development will generate additional trips on thc highway 12-10 system, an undesirable condition based on the current summer levels of service on roadways, and at intersections in the' Town. Due to the critical capacity conditions of the roadway network, it is recommended that, any future development causing a deterioration equal in magnitude to a full level of service at any intersection or highway segment (as defined in the Highway Capacity Manurd) not be permitted. In addition, any proposed modifications to the highway system as a result of any such development should conform to the following criteria. These criteria were established as a result of consistent, public input during the course of this study, and are based on the desire to maintain the Town's rural character: o No new roads with the potential for attracting 'bypass* traffic should be constructed. o No addilional through travel lanes should be constructed on existing roads. o No additional traffic signals should be installed. o Potential traffic growth on existing bypass routes should be minimized. It is hoped that these criteria will avoid further, major deterioration of summer conditions on the Town's roadways, while encouraging developers to maximize the capacity of other modes of transportation to accommodate new trips. This approach is a form of Growth Management, in that it is based on a determination of available highway capacity for new development projects. It is more restrictive than traditional Omwth Management techniques, because it places a limit on roadway improvements based on the Town's rural nature. The Town should conaider local legislation to formalize this Demand Management Technique. 12-11 13.0 LAND USE PLAN 13.1 ~.L&TIONSRn~ TO TRANSI~ORTATION The Town of N:~t Hampton is in the process of revising its Land Use Plan. The current Land Use Plan was initially prepared in 1984. The revised plan will establish a basis for future zoning in the Town. Since generation of trips on highways and transit facilities is dependent upon specific land uses, existing and future land uses and transportation are fundamentally interrelated. Iznd uses such as single family homes and condominiums will generate significantly less trips than commercial uses in an equal area of land. Thus the Town can utilize its revised Land Use Plan to create zoning conditions which will minimize future impacts on its strained highway system. The Town's current Land Use Plan has already established vast amounts of open space uses, for recreational, aesthetic, environmental, agricultural, and water supply purposes. Specific business districts have been classified as central, neighborhood, waterfront and resort. Industrial areas have been established, primarily around the Town airport, between Springs and F~t Hampton Village, and along the LIRR west of~*t Hampton Village and in Montauk. Residential zoning of two, three and five acres, which have the least transportation impact, exist in many less- developed areas of the Town. 13-1 In its current Land Use Plan, the Town has already taken steps to reduce the "sprawl" type of growth prevalent in other areas of Long Island. That growth occurred largely due to years of building additional highways to address skyrocketing linear growth in automobile usage. A cyclical condition was created, i.e. as more highways were built, linear growth occurred along the highways rather than in specific major growth centers. The growth, in mm, mandated more highway conslruction to accommodate new traffic generation. This type of growth, duc to its low density, severely limited the ability of mass transit to serve as a viable alternative for most Long Islanders. 13,2 RECO~ATIONS The Town, in its revised Land Use Plan, should continue its effort to generally concentrate more intense land uses near downtown areas in Wainscott, Amagansett, and Montauk. Every effort should be made to promote future 'neo-traditional' types of developments in these areas. 'iNco- traditional" neighborhood develOPment is a "rebirth" of the traditional American concept Of a "small Town". This type of develOPment attempts to create an environment which affords less reliance on automobile travel. Retail, office and multi-family residential uses are concentrated in a mini-downtown area. Some area is left open for parks and community use. Less dense residential uses generally surround the more-developed downtown. This type of development encourages pedeslrian and bicycle usage to the downtown area, from the surrounding resideollzl uses. In addition, establishment of a concentrated core area of retail/office uses facilitates service by bus or rail modes of travel to other, similar, downtown 13-2 areas. Thus, there is significant potential to remove vehicular trips from the highway system in this neo-traditional neighborhood, or mini~center, type of development. Consistent with the Town's Comprehensive Plan's encouragement for each hamlet to provide services for its residents, this type of development would help reduce trips between hamlets. Since the framework for these developments already exists in the Town's current Land Use Plan, it is recommended that land usc and zoning modifications further encourage nco-traditional neighborhood developments, as a means of further reducing reliance on automobile travel within the Town. It is important that the Village of East Hampton and Sag Harbor adopt similar policies, as the Villages already contain large downtown areas, which have the greatest potential for improved service by bus and/or rail modes of travel, as well as increased pedestrian and bicycle usage. 13-4 14.0 REGIONAL CONSIDERATIONS I~I~,&TIONSHIP TO SOLrI'HAMFI'ON 1996 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 14.1 UPI)ATE The Town of Southampton is located immediately west of the Town of I:~st Hampton. The Village of Sag Harbor lies in both Towns. Due to its geographical location, Southampton serves as the summer gateway to the South Fork of Long Island. All vehicular traffic destined for East Hampton must pass through the Town of Southampton or the Village of Sag Harbor. Southampton's transportation needs and deficiencies are very similar to those in East Hampton. As a result, the transportation goals of Southampton's (draft) Comprehensive Plan Update (see Exhibit 14-1) are consistent with those of this Plan. The proximity of Southampton dictates that recommendations be made in thc various other sections of this report be reviewed in light of potential effects in Southampton. This is particularly hue for thc bus and rail systems, which serve the South Fork as an entity, rather than each Town individually. The "South Fork Bike Path" will be shared between the two Towns. The Path will run adjacent to the entire length of the LIRR righi-of-way in Southampton, and will continue in this fashion in ~st Hampton to Amagansett.. 14-1 A VISION FOR TRANSPORTATION TO CREATE HORE CHOICES FOR RESIDENTS IN HOW THEY TRAVEl. TO AND THROUOH TOWN, AND TO CREATE: A TRANSPORTATION SYSTENI THAT WORKS IN TANDE:H WITH [.AND USE: TO PRI[$E:RVE: A LAND$CAIWE~ OF RURAL ROADS WITH DI$TINCT VILLAOE AND HAF4LE'F CI~NTERS. VISION GOALS: I) Streets: Better management, classification and improvement of the existing infrastructure, rather than new highways and arterials. 2) Traffic calming: Acknowledge the joint use of streets by bicycles and pedestrians in addition to motor vehicles in all future street and traffic planning. 3) Bicycling and walking: Create a predictable, safe, and ubiquitous bicycling and walking network, initially targeted for recreational use but eventually accommodating utilitarian use as well. 4) Trains and Long-Distance Buses: Enhance sen/Ices and amenities that increase ridershlp and rider satisfaction especially targeted to meeting peak summer demand. 5) Local Public Transport: In the short term, emphasize buses and beach access, but in the long term, build an infrastructure to increase year-round commuter and utilitarian use. 6) Inlarmodah Make transfers between modes (bus/train, train/bicycle, car/train, etc.) seamless. 7) Land Use: Strengthen shopping and other activities in village and hamlet centers, to reduce the need for automobile trips; assure that these centers are convenient to get to; but within the centers, put the priority on pedestrians, not through, traffic. 8) Scenery: Improve how residents and visitora perceive the experience of traveling on Southampton's streets, by all forms of transportation. 9) Regional perspective: Seek inter-municipal, inter-governmental and public/private partnerahips at two scales: to solve specific problems on specific streets; but also to seek alternatives to deal with what are in fact regional problems. 14.2 EAST EIVD ISSUES The Five Pa~t End Towns (Pa*t Hampton, Southampton, Riverhead, Southold and Shelter Island) share many transportation concerns. An ~t End Transportation Council has been formed by the l~t End Supervisors and Mayors Association, with the mandate to develop short and long- term recommendations for each mode of transportation. Issues to be addressed include: o LACK OF AN Aul'lVE, REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLANNING EFFORT The designated Me~epolitan Planning Organization for the New York City area is the New York Metropoli~m Transportation Council (NYMTC). The area includes all of New York City and Nassau, Suffolk, Roclrhad, Westchester and Putnam Counties. Representing the Nassau-Suffolk Area is the Nassau/Suffolk Transportation Coordinating Committee (TCC). TCC representatives include officials from the State and the two Counties. It is the TCC that holds public meetings to establish the Region's five-year Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), which identifies all transportation projects utilizing Federal, State and County funding. Inclusion in the TIP is a pre-requisite for obtaining Federal and State funding. Historically, the ovea~vhelming majority of Suffolk County TIP projects have been conceived and implemented in the five Western Towns. Typically, this area experiences more year-round congestion than that on the l~t End. There has, however, been a lack of recognition of the nee~__ to address summer congestion on thc P~*t End, in terms of assigning funds for project implementation. While this has undoubtedly been partially due to a lack of participation in the TiP process by the individual East End Towns, the lack of a concerted, overall East End 14-2 transportation planning effort has also been responsible. A case in point is the NYSDOT's assignment of its planning for the area to Albany rather than its regional Hauppauge office because of the "rural# nature of the region. Since the summer traffic congestion on the ~t End is an "u~an" condition experienced in an otherwise rural NYSDOT is currently conducting the Long Island Transportation Study to Manage Congestion to address all modes of transportation on Long Island. NYSDOT's recent addition of a representative from the entirely rural portion of Suffolk County (the Towns of Southold, Shelter Island and ~*t Hampton) to complement representation from the Towns of Southampton and Riverhend is a positive measure. o RAIL SYSTEM There is frustration among F~t End residents regarding service provided by the Long Island Rail Road, on its Montauk and Main Line (Oreenport) branches. The railroad serves several downtown areas of the F~t End, and thus could be utilized to reduce the reliance on summer automobile travel through increased local service. F~t Enders understand the LIRR's reasons for an inability to provide more frequent train service. These include lack of track capacity in the East River tunnel lending to Perm Station, existence of single track system on the East End, and limited numbers of locomotives and cars. However, these conditions should not preclude 14-3 a study of the LIRR's approach to service on the F~st End, with regard to institution of "shuttle" type service on the North and Scoth Forks. This concept was. identified as an action recommendation in the 1993 report, 'Blueprint for Our Future (the report to Governor Marlo Cuomo)' by the F~st End Economic and Environmental Task Force and is supported in 'Southampton Tomorrow.' Perhaps the LIRR's recently announced plans to seek funding for completion of the rail link to Grand Central terminal can result in a long-term increase in frequency of rail service to the N~t End. In any event, the scope of the Comprehensive Rail Study recommended in Section 4.4 should be expanded to include the North Fork (i.e. LIRR Main Line) as well. o FERRIES The future extent of ferry service to the East End of Long Island is a controversial issue. While ferry service at first glance seems to be desirable in that il has the potential to reduce reliance on the automobile, ther~ are certain other considerations that will determine whether this mode of travel has future viability. Ferry service on the ~ End can be classified as follows: o Intra-P~,t End service, such as existing service from North Haven and Greenpon to Shelter Island o Service to New England, such as existing service to Orient Point from New London 14-4 The Town of Southold has experienced problems with the existing private ferry service form Orient Point to New London. The 1995 expansion from a passenger/vehicular ferry service to include higher-speed passenger-only service, with a bus link to a Connecticut casino, has caused parking problems in the vicinity of the Orient ferry terminal. The Town is currently involved in litigation stemming from the leto/ company's application for a change of zone to allow construction of parking near the terminal. It is clear that parking impacts, as well as those to thc adjacent highway network, must be thoroughly investigated before any new ferry service to the l~t End is established. Otherwise, any apparent benefit, such as the ability of a Sag Harbor passenger ferry to move weekend travellers to the l~t End without using automobiles, could be negated. o BUS SYSTEM The l~,t End Towns share the following needs, with regard to public bus transit: o Better publicity of existing service o More frequent service on existing routes o Extended hours of service, both daily and on weekends o Improved coordination with rail service, employment areas, shopping districts, and private bus service 14o-5 o Need for new summer feeder service and extension of summer service to year- round service on some mutes 'o Need for service to recreational ar~ The Towns recognize the fact that the existing Suffolk Transit System requires significant subsidies in order to continue in operation. On a short-term basis, there is a n__~ed_ for the Towns to establish dialogue with Suffolk Transit in order to address the needs identified above. 14.3 RECOMM~-NDATIONS A concerted planning effort for the five East End Towns is required to raise awareness of summer traffic concerns on the l~t End, and identify viable studies and projects for implementation to address the concerlls. Thc following recommendations should be implemented: o Conduct a comprehensive study of the current and future functions to be served by the Long Island Rail Road on the l~t End, including: o Service to New York City o Inlra-P~st End Service (i.e. "Shuttle' and/or light rail sea'vice) o Coordination with other modes of travel, including bus, taxi, bicycle, pedestrian and automobile A similar comprehensive study of the public bus system, incoo~uorating private bus service, should be undertaken, addressing the needs identified in Section 14.2. 14-6 A study of potential new ferry service on the Past End, identifying the requirement that negative impacts to existing modes of travel (including automobile and pedestrians) must be addressed, should be undertaken. The Towns should work together in developing a regional bicycle facility plan. 14-7 15.0 FUNDING AND IMPLEMENTING RECOMMENDATIONS Specific recommendations for improvements in all modes of O'ansporlation appear in each section of lifts report. Key recommendations are summarized in Table 15-1. A major funding source of transportation improvements on Long Island has been the 1991 Intermodel Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). The act is expiring in the Fall of 1997, to be replaced by NEXTHA (National Economic Crossroads Transportation Efficiency Act). It is anticipated that many of the funding sources of ISTEA will be retained, and that more intermodai projects will be eligible for funding under NEXTEA. ISTI/A had authorized federal aid, highway and transit programs for six years, at a tolal funding level of $155 billion. While the goal was to increase funding for highway projects by 63 percent, transit programs were to see a 91 percent increase. Financing was provided by extending Highway Trust Fund revenues, including the 2.5 cent addition to the federal gas tax in December of 1990, through the end of the decade. The National Highway System was established by ISTEA. In addition to providing funding increases for highway and mass transit projects, ISTEA was to provide greater slate and local flexibility in shifting funds between highway and mass transit projects. For example, up to 50 percent of a state's National Highway System funds were permitted to be used for other highway programs or for mass transit projects. Under the Surface Transpo~fion Program, which accounted for 16 percent of ISTEA's total funding, funds could be used for any surface transportation project. 15-1 TABLE 15-1 TOWN OF EAST HAMFTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN KEY CAPITAL IMPflOVE~4 ENT8 B ~ 20Q~-~QO7 C- Pol~O07 RGD:~' More empbnql* was placed on planning efforts to improve air quality. ISTEA restricted thc use of federal funds in Clean Air Act non-attainment areas such as Suffolk County, unless a project was part of an approved congestion management system. The Federal Highway Administration has been actively encouraging innovative funding mechanisms such as private sector takeover and tolling of existing highways, and congestion pricing, to fund the state and local shares of the cost of highway improvements. In recent years, the State created dedicated funds for highway, bridge and mass transit use. E~tablishment of these funds was a first step in ensuring that adequate monies are provided to deal with the transportation needs of Long Island and New York State. ISA TRANSPORTATION IMPROV~ PROGRAM (TIP) Public funding of Long Island's transportation needs is allocated through the Nassau-Suffolk Transportation Coordinating Committee frcc) process, and results in a regional Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The Nassau-Suffolk TCC is part of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Council (NYMTC), which is the metropolitan planning organization for the New York Metropolitan area. In 1994, the NYMTC produced "Critical Issues-Critical Choices", thc 'Long Range Plan' for the New York Metropolitan area through the year 2015. The plan is Intended to be used as a guide for updating the TIP, and is scheduled to be updated in 1997. The plan takes a 'corridor approach' in identifying highway and transit improvements in thc Region. None of the Ncorridors# are located within the five ~t End Towns. 15-2 The TI~ is a five year capital construction program listing State and local transportation projects which are funded en~rely or partially with federal aid. For informational purposes, an addendum to the TIP provides a listing of projects funded entirely by State, County, and other non-federa~ sources. Ideally, the TIP is to be updated annually by the TCC which is composed of Federal, State and local officials. Public input is sought for the TIP update process at Committee meetings. The TIP must conform with the approved Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP). Included in the TIP are projects'to cons~'uct or rehabilitate roadways, bridges and railway facilities, as well as to purchase buses. The TIP indicates the allocated funding sources for each project, with a breakdown for engineering, right-of-way and construction costs. The TIP also includes project~ who~e funding is entirely from State or County sources. In the County's case, funds for these projects are appropriated in the County's Capital Improvement Program before they are added to the TIP. Projects are placed on the TIP based on the following criteria: o Physical condition Of the facility o Capacity problems o Safety needs o Traffic volumes/passenger fidership 1'5 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Environmental considerations Benefits/costs Economic impact Community considerations Impacts on land use Federal regulations As noted in Section 8.5, only four projects within the Town currently appear in the TIP for the next five years. Typically, the principal ISTEA funding sources utilized in the TII' are: o National Highway System (NILS) o Interstate Maintenance Program o Surface Transportation System (SI'S) o Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program (HBRR) o Sections 3, 9 and 16 of ISTEA (Transit Funding) Currently, NIlS funds can only be utilized on Route 27. The STS funding offers the greater potential for funding highway and ~ansit projects within the Town. STS funding includes two subcategories. The first of these are 'transportation enhancement antivities', which includes facilities for bicyclists and pedestrians, scenic beautification and historic preservation. This funding accounts for 10 percent of the STP allocation, and is 80 percent federally-funded. 15-4 The second subcategory of STP funds is the Congestion Miligation Air Quality (CMAQ) program, created to fund those highway and transit projects which can improve air quality in non-auainment areas, including Suffolk County. HBRR funds am used to r~habilitate bridges certying vehicular traffic~ In addition to federal funding under ISTEA, State aid has historically been used to implement highway and Iransit projects. Funding sources include: o State Dedicated Funds 0tighway) o State Transit Operating Assistance (STOA) Federal planning regulations require Transportation System Management ('rSlV0 planning. As part of this effort, NYSDOT developed the LIRIC grant program to encourage vehicle trip reduction. Ninety percent of this funding is provided by the Federal HighWay Adminislration. Pl~vious pwject recipients include marketing efforts for a jitney service to a LIRR rail station, installation of bicycle lockers at another rail station, and carpool enhancements. 1~.2 TOWN FUNDING Other than projects listed in the TIP, publicly-funded improvements have been historically implemented by the Town Highway Dep~huent through its approved annual capital and maintenance budgets. An extensive number of projects have been completed throughout the Town in this manner, typically including roadway resurfacing and reconstruction, construction 15-5 of sidewalk/safety paths and drainage improvements. 15.3 PUBLIC/PRIVATI~ PARTNERSHIPS Other than gasoline tax, general revenue, and bonding sources, transportation improvements can be funded under what can bo described as the umbrella of 'Public/Private Parmerships~. These can include the following measures, or combinations of them: o ASSESSlV[IR. NT DISTRICTS This is a ~ levy on all property or business owners within a district to finance improvements which primarily benefit them. The Wax is typically approved by a majority of the owners. The district can be suppoP, ed by a municipality, which issues revenue bonds for the improvements, and Waxes owners to repay the bonds. Transportation Improvement Districts (TID) have been established in business districts in some municipalities, to provide improvements to facilitate customer access, such as additional parking. A special assessment district such as a Transportation Development District is one with a separate governing body, which can Wax, issue bonds and provide services in the district area. It may be dependent on, or independent of, the local governments which established it. One such district was established in Hauppauge. Districts could be permitted to sell bonds, accept and make contributions, contract with other governmental and private entities and carry out construction. A district master plan addressing the following items is required: o Existing and proposed traffic conditions 15-6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Land use and zoning reslxictions Proposed transportation improvements Cost estimates for proposed improvements Means of financing the improvements Required right-of-way purchases Impact on transportation facilities of other jurisdictions Successful establishment of these districts is dependent upon community support in the affected al'e~. o TAX INCREMENT FINANCING This method utilizes ~ax revenues from new development to finance improvements in a specified ares. Typically, improvements are paid for with public funds, then repaid az increased tax revenues are realized. New York's Municipal Redevelopment Law, primarily acceptable to urban renewal areas, could be used to set up tax increment financing in undeveloped land areas. o DEVELOPMENT AGRF-FMENTS This is a public/private agreement on specific development. A developer agrees to pay for certain transportation improvements, in exchange for an agreement from the public sector to streamline the approval proce~. 15-7 The Town's current 'negotiation' practice requires a developer to assess his' project's impact, possibly including a detailed traffic study, which identifies roadway mitigation measures needed to accommodate development traffic. After review by the Town, mitigation measures are discussed and flpsliTed. Required roadway improvements are then constructed by the developer. 15.4 RF~OMMENDATIONS o PUBLIC FUNDING The Town should aggressively pursue its fair share of public funding for the highway and transit projects (including studies) identified in this report, through the TIP process. The Town should maintain its level of funding for its own highway capital and maintenance projects in future o PUBLIC/PRIVATE FINANCING Creation of assessment districts, such as Transportation Improvement Districts, should be considered where appropriate. These measures may be useful in business districts such as that in the Village of ~ Hampton, where parking is at a premium. Measures to alleviate parking shortages, such as instituting shuttle bus service from remote parking areas, could be funded in this manner. Other improvements in business areas which benefit merchants as well as the public could be funded by contributions from both the public and private sector. BIBLIOGRAPHY '1~0 Uni~i States Census l~'l~ort', United S~ ~t of Comme~. 'A '2~0' Vi~on-~ C~'s ~ge T~fion P~ (Summa)', Ca~ C~ ~m~on, 1~4. *~ ~yout P~ UpDa~ast ~p~n ~*, C~ ~gin~s, ~c., 1994. ~ Way St~ ~ Study ~) for To~ of B~vm*, L.K. Mc~ As~ia~s, P.C., 1~6. ~Am~R Co~dor S~dy~, A~I~, Ph~ps, ~i~ ~d Shapiro, Inc. ~d ~d ~ics, Inc., 1~7. "~ ~gh~y C~i~ S~dy for Mon~uk, New York", L.K. Mc~ As~ia~, P.C., 1986. "A T~l~x for ~g T~fic Cong~on", Insgm~ of T~on Engines, 1989. "Bluest for ~r Fu~e", P~st ~d ~nomic ~d ~ronmen~ T~k For~ of ~ng Isled, New York, 1993. "CI~ ~ Act Am~dmm~", 19~. "CompUlsive PI~-To~ ~d Vffi~e of F~st H~pton~, 19~. "Comprehm~ve P~-T~on ~em~t", Ci~ of S~ffie, W~ngton, 1~5. "Co~cut ~ to ~v~t ~o ~fi~in a ~d", New York Tim~, 1~6. "Cd~ Issue, C~ Choir, A M~ P~ for ~e New York Region ~ugh ~e Y~ 2015", New York M~h~ T~fion Council, 1~4. "F~si ~p~ Su~store Study", A~, Ph~ps, ~eiss ~d S~, 1996. "~nmen~ Ac~on P~', New York S~ D~t of T~m~on, 1983. "F~ A~s Study', Suffo& ~ ~m~t of ~bUc Wor~, T~fion Di~sion, 1~. "~g~way ~ M~", T~on R~h ~, 1~4. BIBLIOGRAPHY (Continued) "Key West-Project Development and Environmental Study', Florida Department of Transportation, 1996. "Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan", Town of l~t Hampton. 'Long Island Population Su~,ey', Long Island Lighting Company, 1990. "Memorandum regarding Regulatory Authority for Water Carriage", Michael McDonald, New York State Departmenf of Transportation, Passenger Transporiation Division, 1996. 'The Power Broker, Robe~ Moses and the Fall of New York", Robert Cato, 1974. "Residential Street Design and Traffic Control", Institute of Transportation Engineers, 1989. 'Sag Harbor Ferry Goes to the Board', l=~t Hampton Ind _c~endent, 1996. "Shoreham-New Haven Ferry Feasibility Study', Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, 1991. "Southampton Tomorrow (Transportation)", Draft, Comprehensive Plan Update, Land Ethics, Inc. and Abeles, Phillips, Preiss and Shapiro, 1996. "South Fork Transportation Study", Vollmer Associates, 1986. "Super-Store Legislation Adopted", East Hamoton Indeoendent, 1996. 'Town of Brookhaven Transportation Plan (Draft)", L.K. McI.~an Associates, P.C., 1992. "Town of Southold vs. Cross Sound Ferry Services, Inc.", New York State Supreme Court Case No. 95-16263, 1995. 'Traffic Engineering for Neo-Traditional Neighborhood Design", institute of Transportation Engineers, 1994. "Transportation Improvement Program 1994-1999", Nassau-Suffolk Transportation Coordinating Committee. 'Update of Traffic Circulation Plan-Town of Fa.~t Hampton", Suffolk County Department of Planning, Transportation Division, 1983. APPENDIX SUMMARY' OF CITIZENS ADVISORY GOMMITTEE NEED8 AND CONCERN8 INCO~PORA~IT~D t/I].Y~G~- OF KiST itAMPTON .MARCH 5TH, 197 KEY: ~ Not Disoussed I+lS ppo.ed J++[ 8trong¥ Supported Caupilation of. data imput frcm: Circle Association District One Association Toilsome Civic Association ' Village Preservation Society REMARKS HIGHWAY Evaluate existing No-Passing Zones on State Highways + - Route 27 & Route 114 Bypass route use is a concern ++ - UNIFIED DESIRE; LIMITED BY-PASS AROLW1 Speeding Vehk:les + - INCREASED 'ENFORCEMENT OF SPEED LAW/S-- Excessive delay, entering Route 27 + - DURING PEAK SEASONAL PERIOD/S Need aft turn anes on Route 27 at certain Iocallo. ns ' ' + - APPLAUD PROPOSED R? 2?/STEPHEN HAND'S Lack o[ shoulders No widening ol existing roads + - ONLY TO ACCOMODATE LEFT-'II3RN LANE/S. No additional traffl~ signals on Route 27 ++ - YES; ET 27 & TOILSOME LANE INTEl{SEC'TIt FERRY ...... ++ '_ OPPOSi.{D TO EITHER HONTAUK OR SAG HARB Concerned with polentlal traflb generated by propoied ferqt to Napeague/Montauk ,__ __ Concerned wlth potential traffic generated by proposed ++ - SEE ABOVE ' few to Sag Harbor VILLAGE ~sisting) PATH ~ PLAN ( I~jLL s'rGNAY~) 8UMMARY OF CITIZEN8 ADVISORY COMMI'r NEED8 AND CONCERN8 [IqCO~OP, A]E'E'D VILLAGE OF FAST Not Discussed Supported Strongly 8uppo;iod . REMARKS · RAIL ,ImMove conditions, frequency end .cl~edullng o! ++ - STRONG SOPPORT (h'~ RR/STATION l existing sewlce to New York City ..... TO .~.%~3P~ POTENTIAL INCREASED RAIL PA~ Need for belter sewice within South Fork + Coordlrmte rail and bus servlc~ ++ - I~t'~:~FACE BUS/RAIL SCHEDULES TO HIGHE~ TOW~IRPORT No growllt In air service + - NO INCREASE IN PRESENT SCHEDULED AIRLI~ BUS Establlshyear-~oundsewlceto Monlauk .,. APPLAUD FACT THIS WAS ACCOMPLISHED More Irequent bus eelvlce/coordlnate with employment; MRR~ Jitney Service Baiter publicity of bus schedule~ · -- .... Establish long:term parking at Jituey slops S']~ONG OPPOSTTTON BY REPORT[N(; CONSORT[UH TAXI8 ~;ewlce, ineudlng !ares, should be regulated HEDTOCRE RESPONSE; GOVERNMENT ~--[OULD NOT 2ol3 DEGREE ACCOMODATION SUMMARY' OF CITIZEN8 ADVISORY COMMITTEE Nr:Kn8AND CONCERN8 ... KEY: [----~NotDbous~ed. [I~CO~,I~O~ VTZ.T.~,<]E O1~ EASI~ BAtIFI'ON:' I.+ IBupported ~ Sbongly 8~pporled ~ REMARKS BIKESIRO LLERBLADERSIPED ESTRIAN8 Safely co~cems along existing roadways _, Need bike paths + Buik~axtend "Safety Paths' or sldewalle! + EMER~IENC¥ 8ERVlCI~8 ++ ~H'6'RGENCY 'tT, R.,'~PORTATION V~-~'[CL.~S ~ Congestion on Route 27 causes delays/use o! bypasses "SEASON." QU~"~ON RAISED,~ DEFINE ;USE DELAYS DURING OF "BYPASSES'." TOWN OF mT HIJflMX'ON TRi]BPORTATXOii PX,,I~I UP-DATI OOTL'TMB OF PRBBBIIT~TXOIIrt FOR (~XTXSB~IS ADVXBOBy 4:~MMXTTBBR X:)ux~ose of PrO'~lect A. Update of 1966 Comprehensive Transportation Plan B. Development of Short- and Long-Term Recon~endations for Improvements in ~?.?~ Modes of Transportation (Auto, rail, bus, ferry, air, bicycle, pedestrian) II. Current Status - Identification of Problems Ao Field-Data Collection (Traffic Counts) began in August 1996 (Exhibit) General Trends - Traffic Growth on Montauk Highway General Trends - Traffic Growth Elsewhere Traffic Accident History/Development of "High Accident Locations" (Exhibit) C. Data Analysis is Continuing Proposed Montauk Ferry (Hontauk C.A.C.) - Will examine potential impact of proposed ferry on highway network. No results yet. III. Public Input Through: A. Citizens Advisory Committees Format 1. Perceived Transportation Concerns 2. Potential Feasible Solutions 3. Input Only on Major Concerns to Develop Board-Based Solutions IV. Project Schedule A. Report to Town Board - April 1997 B. Timetable for Funding/Implementation of Recommendations V. Receive comments from those Present (FliP Board) RGD:efr 11/27/96 SUMMARY OF CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTEE N~-P_u8 AND CONCERN8 ~-Y:~ Not Discussed ~._~ support~ /++l Strongly Supported 8 A W A M A G A M 8 I G 0 P N H A N R 8 A N T I C R S A N 0 B E U G T 0 T K S T R T REMARKS HI--AY Evaluat~ ex~stin~ No-Passin~ Zones on ~ High~ys ++ ++; ++ ~ ~r~r - ~e 114; ~e 27 - E~m ~m~ba~rn + ++ ++ ++ InWal~,tr~s~l~ec~k-~l~, ~gH~r~r d~ir~ qm~ ~lmi~ ~ur~. ~i~Ve~s ++ ++ ++ ++ + ~~eme~27 + ++ ++ + Sprl~s~me~r~tom~rntri~Villa~ ~ left turn I~ on ~e 27 at ~in ~ns + + + + ~ck ~ s~ul~m ++ ~ w~ening ~ e~ing r~s ++ ++ ++ ++ + + Uai~in 'rum[ c~ra~e~ of ~t H~on No ~d~l Va~= sig~ls on ~e 27 ++ + + FERRY ~r~ ~ ~l ~F= ~rat~ ~.pm~sed ++ ++ ++ ~r~ ~ Na~g~o~uk ~er~ w~ ~e~ ~r~ ~ pm~ ++ ++ D~g~ in ~g Har~r m~rdlng ~-en~r-on~ ~ ~r~ ~ ~g ~r SUMMARY OF CmZEN8 ADVISORY COMMrTI~E NEED8 AND CONCERN8 KEY:[:~ Not Discussed I++1 ~.o ngly ~uppom~d 8 A W A M A G A M $ I ~ 0 P N H A N R $ A N T I C R 8 A N 0 B E U G T 0 T K 8 T R T , REMARKS RAIL Improveconditiom, fmquency and scheduling of ++ ++ ++ + + exbtlng sewlce to NewYork City Need for bette~ sense within South Fork ++ + + + Coordlnate mil and bus aewice ++ ++ ++ ++ TOWN ~IRPORT No growth in air service ++ BUS Establish year-round sen/ice to Montauk ++ More frequent bus eswice/coordinate with employment; ++ ++' ++i ++ Trolley to beach (Wainscott), hub/transfer center (seg Harbor) LIRR, Jitney Service set~er publicit7 of bus schedules + + + Establish Iong-tarm pa~king at Jitney stops + TAXI8 Service, I~cuding tares, should be regulated ++ ++ Formal 'taxi stands" (Wainscott) 2of3 SUMMARY OF CITIZEN8 ADVISORY COMMITTEE NEED8 AND GONCERN8 KEY:~--~ Not Discussed ~ Sb'ongly Supported $ A W A M A (3 A M 8 I G O P N H A N R $ A N T I C R S A N O B E U G T O T K S T R T REMARKS BIKESIFIOLLERBLADERS/PEDESTRIAN8 8afety concems along existing roadways ++ ++ ++ ++ Need blk. paths ++ ++ ++ Build/extend "Safety Paths' or sidewalks , ++ ++ EMERGENCY SERVICES Congestion on Route 27 causes delays/use of bypasses ++ ++ ++ ·OWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION STUDY/PLAN UPDATE MONTAUK CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING NONTAU~ SCHOOL - 12/2/96 Ray DiBiase addressed the audience pursuant to the attached presentation outline dated November 27, 1996. Comments: public Transportation - Bus Servic~ Ao Residents would like to see a more reliable and convenient year-round local service from Bridgehampton to Montauk. This would also compliment the Jitney and Hamptons On My Mind service from Manhattan which does not guarantee service from Bridgehampton east during off-peak travel. (It was requested that NYSDOT be contacted regarding guaranteed service under its regulation of the private bus service). Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee would like to see bus stop for Jitney and Hamptons on My Mind relocated from existing spot (gazebo) to Kirk Park area. Poor sight distance when parked on Main Street in front of gazebo. Note: Gall Webb (MVA) does not like Kirk Park location, but feels MVA concerns (lighting, telephone) could be mitigated. Provide bus service that could be utilized by high school students participating in extra curricular activities. (East Hampton to Montauk) D. Railroad station as possible bus stop for Jitney and Hamptons On My Mind. 2_~. Public Transportation - Railroad Provide a light rail system from Southampton to Montauk with a more frequent and convenient schedule. Improve existing service from Manhattan (greater frequency, more cars, cleaner cars, improve riding conditions). 3. Alternative Means of Transoortation - Bicycles Ao If bike racks in downtown area were provlded that guaranteed security from theft or vandalism, more people w0uld ride their bikes. Poor riding conditions along Old West Lake Drive, Lake Drive and Old Montauk Highway. Ferry East Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee wants to see a thorough analysis of the traffic that a high speed ferry would generate, and its impact on the capacity of the roadway system. Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee feels that a ferry would cause Montauk to be a "funnel" for vehicle traffic heading to Connecticut (casino's). Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee is concerned with the technology of high speed ferries possibly from Manhattan to Mort,auk. Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee does not feel ferries are an acceptable alternative mode of transportation. Try to get traffic count data on the North Fork to determine the impact of the existing passenger ferry operation at Orient Point. F. Six (6) month extension on moratorium for a ferry terminal. 5. Existinq Road Conditions and Traffic Devices Intersection of Old Montauk Highway, Second House Road and Montauk Highway. Poor sight distance for vehicles heading east onto Montauk Highway from Old Montauk Highway. Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee feels east extension of Second House Road should not permit left hand turns. In general, recommends that this intersection be re- evaluated and the signage changed from "yields" to "stops" where applicable. Install four-way stop control at West Lake and Flamingo Avenues or stop southbound traffic. (Traffic travelling along Flamingo should have the right-of-way.) Some vehicles on West Lake Drive stop even though they have the right-of-way. In general, recommend improvements to this intersection. Southerly end of Flamingo Avenue and Main Street Circle need~ lmprovement~ and defln~tion at thi~ int~rsectlon. Jack Perna, Supt. of Montauk Schools - Flooding condition at West Lake Drive and South Fulton Street. Establish "No Passing Zones" along segments of Napeague stretch and Main Street, due to entering and exiting traffic from motels and restaurants. In addition, there should be no passing on Montauk Highway through the Montauk business district. Unacceptable Improvements and Recommendations Maintain the rural character and quality of life of Montauk. No traffic signals or increase in traffic lanes. B. Speed along Old Montauk Highway and Flamingo Avenue excessive (recommend enforcement). C. Commercial vehicles parking (recommend enforcement). in residential areas "No Passing" on Old Montauk Highway exists (recommend enforcement}. Report should include traffic analysis on the proposed development of Lions Field. Miscellaneous A. B. Report should include and will address noise and air pollution relating to traffic. Montauk Citizen's Advisory Committee review of report prior to adoption by Town Board. Transportation to the nearest hospital (Southampton) is a problem. TO~t'OF FJ~TN.~d~TON TR.~,NS~ORTAT~ON 8TUDY/PL3tNUPDATE SPRINGS C~TX~BNS ~DV~SOR~ ~-'O,~XTTEE MEETING ABH~W~G~,.,LL - 12/3/9~ Raymond DiBiase addressed the audience pursuant to the presentation outline for Citizens Advisory Committees. 1. Public Transportation - Bus Servic~ Similar to the other Advisory Committees in the Town, the residents in Springs would like to see a more reliable and convenient year-round local bus service. The bus service presently provides a route that leaves East Hampton Village at 4:40 PM and 6:20 PM. The Springs Citizens Advisory Committee (SCAC) feels a 5:15 PM service is also needed. Jitney bus service and County bus service should be coordinated and scheduling revised accordingly. Schedule information should be better publicized. Speeding buses have been observed on Three Mile Harbor Road. 2. Public Transportation - Lon= Island Rail Road A. Improve existing service from Manhattan and from East Hampton to Manhattan (greater frequency, more cars, improve riding conditions). Note: Existing 6:00 AM service from East Hampton to Manhattan arrives at Jamaica at approximately 8:45AM. If you need to be in Manhattan by 8:00 AM, this is a problem. _ 3. Public Transoortation - Taxi Servic- Currently, two to three taxi companies exist in the Town. Our company,s prices from Springs to the Village of East Hampton are expensive at ± $8.00 (off season, $12 in season) for a one-way fare; however, the service is very reliable. If possible, residents would like to see some control over prices. 4. Alternative Means of Transportation - Bicvcl~, SCAC feels bicycles are an acceptable alternative means of. transportation; however, expressed concern with existing roa~ conditions and in that they do not accommodate b~cycles (narrow road widths~ no shoulder area). Residents have experienced bicyclists who are riding on th. wrong side of the road and sidewalks. The "rules of ~he road" are not being followed. SCAC recommends some form of an education on the "rules of the road" for bicyclists, roller-bladers, etc. Residents feel bike paths and lanes need to be provided and/or up-graded. Existina Road Conditions and Traffic Devices A. Sidewalks ("Safety Paths") SCAC favors sidewalks and would like to see further improvements along Gardiners Avenue, Fort Pond Boulevard and Springs Fireplace Road. In addition, maintenance of existing deteriorated sidewalk on Springs Fireplace Road are needed. PTA of Springs School would like to see sidewalk improvements along Springs Fireplace Road that connect Fort Pond Boulevard to Ashawagh Hall. Comments about sidewalk (safety path) along Three Mile Harbor Road were discussed. This improvement- was proposed approximately two years ago and was shot down by residents who live along the proposed route. Subsequently, the SCAC is in favor of this safety path. B. Roads SCAC made note of the lane width of Three Mile Harbor Road, Neck Path, Springs Fireplace Road, Fort Pond Boulevard and Old Stone Highway. They feel these roads are narrow with no cleared shou/der area. The conditions constitute poor sight distance and grading problems (drop-offs, banks). They would like to see more trimming and pruning along these road sides to optimize eight distance. Asphalt overlays on Springs Fireplace Road and Old Stone Highway have resulted in a drop-off along the edge of pavement· They would like to see the shoulder areas filled and regraded. Road realignment including curve banking, along Three Mile Harbor Road north of the Harbor was performed by the Highway Department (Bowne Design). Residents would like to see this section reconstructed. L. K. McLean ASsociates, P.C. TOWN OF F~ST tb~IPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UP-DATE WAINSCOTT CITIZENS ADVISORY CON/~ITTEE ~ETING WAINSCOTT CHAPEL DECEMBER 7, 1996 A broad presentation was made to the Committee, following the CAC outline presentation: Su~nlary of issues discussed: Route 27 Bus~ness Area "Highway strip" area subject to high number of accidents and speeds due to commercial development. Lower speed limit (30 mph) is supported and enforcement was suggested, although it was stated that this may increase bypass traffic. Concerned about number of high accident locations in Wainscott, compared with remainder of Town. Bus operations and parking maneuvers conflict with thru traffic flow. Avoid installation of traffic signals on Route 27, would encourage more bypass traffic. Some passing maneuvers occur within the two-way left turn lane. The seafood shop just east of Walnscott-Northwest Road is busy, and left turn vehicles block the eastbound thru lane because there is an exclusive westbound left turn lane at this point. The CAC had requested an exclusive right turn lane on northbound Wainscott-Northwest Road approaching Route 27; a shared thru/right turn lane was installed. This results in right turning vehicles "cutting through" the post office parking area as thru vehicles wait for gaps in traffic. The existing westbound bus cut-out at Treasure Island does not appear wide enough. Buses stopping at the pizza shop block sight distance. There was favorable reaction to installation of a bus cut out at the pizza shop. Relocation of the bus stop to the overflow parking field on the west side of Wainscott-Northwest Road, north of Route 27, was discussed. Possible need for pedestrian crossing guard for pedestrians to cross Route 27, near post office and jitney stop· 8. Need to improve circulation between parking lots in the area. L. K. McLean Associates, P.C. co~smr~o~,mr~s Bv~as~ Routes Wainscott Stone Road is the eastern bypass connection to Route 27 to avoid back-ups in Bridgehampton, due to downtown area congestion, and the traffic signal at the Caldor Shopping Center. The CAC requested that Southampton Town be advised of this, and that overall transportation efforts be coordinated with Southampton. 2. Consider extending Industrial Road to Town Line Road to provide an alternative to Route 27. Excessive speeding in st~mmer. Enforcement has been good, and is necessary. Sayres Path has become an unofficial truck note. The existing crown on this road is a concern. Trucks bypass State and Town police check-points on Route 27. 6. Consider "speed humps" to control speeds. Airport The CAC was formed in 1983 in response to concerns over the Town's airport. Any proposed development should be limited, so as not to cause an increase in air traffic. 2. The number of take-offs and landings should be limited. Rail 1. 2. Provide local rall transit between hamlets. Provide public transportation (e.g. bus) from rail stations to downtow~ areas. Reliability of LIRR service needs improvement, e.g. better scheduling and frequency of trains. Additional eastbound Friday express service is desired. Ferrie~ 1. Against proposed ferry to Montauk, due to potential increases. Z. Concerned about Sag Harbor ferry for same reason. traffic L. K. McLean Associates, P. C. co~su~xrs~ ENGINEI~$ Bus Service (See Route 27 Business Area and Rail sections). Consider establishment of long-term parking areas at Jitney stops. Could provide trolley service from remote parking areas to beaches, but not to Wainscott Beach, which has no facilities. B~kes/Rollerbladers 1. Concerned with rollerbladers skating abreast, particularly on Wainscott Stone Road. 2. Bike paths are needed. Miscellaneous 1. Consider livery service from bars to homes late at night. RGD:efr 1116197 ~ L.K. McLeanAssociates, P.C. TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UP-DATE HARBOR VILLAGE CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTBE MEBTING {CAC is part of Coalition of Neighborhood Preservation of Sag Harbor "CONPOSH") VILLAGE HALL - JANUARY 6, 1997 Raymond DiBiase addressed the audience pursuant to the presentation outlined for Citizens Advisory Committees. CO~4EHTS: 1_~. General With respect to traffic counts undertaken by this study, CONPOSH indicated that recent traffic counts have been taken for the Route 114 bridge area and Jermain Avenue by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) and CONPOSH/Sag Harbor Police, respectively. Public Transportation - Bus Service Similar to the other Advisory Committees in the Town, the residents in Sag Harbor would like to see a more reliable and convenient year-round local service. Service should be expanded in the summer, both with additional buses and later in the day. Train Service, Jitney Bus Service and County bus service should be coordinated and scheduling revised accordingly. Schedule information should be better publicized. C. Consider establishing a hub/transfer point in the Village. If passenger-only ferry is considered, bus service to the ferry is desirable. 3. Public Transportation - Long Island Rail Road CONPOSH feels Long Island Rail Road is on a decline with respect to future use. 4. Public Transportation - Ferries CONPOSH as well as the Sag Harbor Village Trustees have seen an attempt by developers to provide passenger ferries from Manhattan and Connecticut to Sag Harbor. Some residents feel passenger ferries are a positive idea due to the r~duction of vehicles coming to Sag Harbor; however, other disagree. The problem with ferries is that one could expect services to expand to car ferries and cruises (gambling operations) which would increase vehicle volumes and be detrimental to the community. L. K. McLean Associates, P.C. B. Automobile ferries are unacceptable. There is an existing "cruise" service from the Village to Greenport, which travels up the Connecticut River. Existina Road Conditions and Traffic Devices Sidewalks - Sidewalks exist along NYS Route 114. However, sidewalk terminates at Jermain Avenue and Hempstead Street. CONPOSH feels sidewalks should be extended further south along Route 114 to Lincoln Street (Village Boundary Line). Safety is a concern for pedestrians walking in the shoulder area of the road. Roads - The NYS Route 114 corridor is the greatest concern of CONPOSH. Problems include speed, weight and volume of vehicles. The specific location of transitions of speed limits from 55 to 40 to 35 mph on Route 114 should be reviewed. Consider lowering 35 mph speed to 25 mph. Begin speed reduction south of Village at Swamp Road. Establishment of additional no passing zones should be investigated, particularly between Lincoln Street and Jermain Avenue. CONPOSH fees improvements or devices should be implemented along NYS Route 114 to deter vehicles from traveling in the shoulder area (bumps, grooves, etc.), particularly between East Hempstead Street and Hillside Drive, where pedestrians and bicyclists use the shoulder. Concern with alignment on Route 114 (crest/horizontal curve) near Hillside Drive. Acceptable Improvements and Recomm~ndatio-~ CONPOSH does not want major improvements (bypass routes, widenings) that will negatively impact the aesthetics and rural character of Sag Harbor Village. Improvements should be small scale and promote safety for pedestrians and local vehicle traffic. CONPOSH recommends that improvements should be performed along NYS Route 114 at the gateway (old "toll gate" area) to the Village (Jewish Cemetery). The residents feel a monument should be constructed and the speed limit reduced. The monument could serve as a "calming" measure. CONPOSH feels the "funneling" of traffic into the Village.would slow down vehicles' speed. Other "traffic calming" measures to reduce speeds in the Village are desirable. L. K. McLean Associates, P.C. 7_= Zoning CONPOSH feels by changing the zoning from Commercial Industrial (C.I.) to A3 residential or possibly less intensive (Al Residential) could increase traffic volumes (more houses, more cars). 8_=. Accident Data Ao CONPOSH would like the report data for accidents to include time of day (day/night) and extent of damages incurred. 9. Enforcement CONPOSH feels further enforcement of speed and weight should be performed on NY$ Route 114. Village enforcement is hindered by the lack of a local Justice of the Peace; officers must travel elsewhere for court appearances. RGD:efr 1/13/97 L. K. McLean Associates, P. C. coss~no~o~s~s TOWN OF EAST HAMPTON TRANSPORTATION PLAN UP-DATE AMAGANSETT CITIZENS ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING AMAGANSETT SCHOOL JANUARY 13, 1997 A brief presentation was made to the committee, following the CAC presentation outline. Summary of issues discussed: Route 27 Need for no-passing zone in Bluff Road/Cranberry Hole Road to Surf Drive area. Need left turn lane at post office and laundromat in business district. Concern about speeds on Route 27, have requested that NYSDOT lower speed limit. Farmer's Market activity (slowing, parking) may help keep speeds down. Congestion on Route 27 has led to the following routes becoming bypasses, with s~gniflcant summer volumes and h~gh speeds: Sktmhampton Road Further Lane Bluff Road Discouraging use of these routes is desirable. There is concern that future development may signif~cantl¥ Worsen this situation. (It was explained that traffic growth based on future land use will be addressed ~n the Transportation Plan.) Left turns from Hedges Lane subject to sight d/stance restriction due to parked vehicles. Consider left turn prohibition. Consider formal "pedestrian environment" In business d/strict, i.e. centralized parking within walking distance of businesses. Intersection with Barns Lane (east of Newtown Lane) in the Village of East Hampton is a concern, particularly with back- ups due to eastbound left turns. Excessive delays and poor sight distance to the east, for vehicles exiting the municipal parking area on north side of Route 27 in the s-mmer. L. K. McLean Associates, P.C. CONSULTING ENGINEERS Emergency Services Two traffic control officers in Bridgehampton facilitate emergency vehicle passage by stopping traffic on Route 27 - why not do the same in Amagansett? This could be done by training existing TCO's. Ferry Against new ferry to Montauk or Napeauge due to potential traffic increases. (Cross Sound Ferry Company has apparently identified Napeague as the most likely terminal site.) Taxi 1. Address need for regulation of establish fixed fares by zone. Need formal "taxi stands". fares and service. Could Rollerbladlna. Joaaers. Bicyclists 1. Concern with extensive rollerblad!ng, jogging and bicycling in pavement area on Further Lane. Bicycles Support for bike routes; Bluff Road (100' right-of-way width in many areas) could be a candidate location for a bicycle path. Further Lane also has significant bicycle use. Rail 1. If a shuttle service is established, would require parking at Amagansett. Existing station parking lot is small. 1. Consider mandating reduced use of cars. RGD:efr _ 1/17/96