HomeMy WebLinkAboutForestbrook at Bayview
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STAGE 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
ofthe
FORESTBROOK at BAYVIEW PROPERTY
BAYVIEW, TOWN of SOUTH OLD
SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK
PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST AND CONTRIBUTORS:
David J. Bernstein, Ph.D.
Michael J. Lenardi, M.A., R.P.A.
Allison J. Manfra
The Institute for Long Island Archaeology
Department of Anthropology
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook, New York 11794-4364
October 2003
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1Il OCT 2 9 2003
Southold Town
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ABSTRACT
This report presents the results of a Stage 1 archaeological survey for the Forestbrook at
Bayview property in the hamlet of Bayview, Town of South old, Suffolk County, New York. The
study was performed by the Institute for Long Island Archaeology at the State University of New
York at Stony Brook. The purpose of this study is to determine if the proposed subdivision and
residential construction on the property will adversely impact historic and/or prehistoric remains.
This required archival research and an archaeological survey with subsurface testing.
Archival research (including a survey of historic maps and site file searches) suggests that
the project area witnessed only limited human activity in the past. This assessment was
confirmed by the surface and subsurface archaeological surveys of the parcel. A total of214
shovel test pits was excavated in the project area. Only three prehistoric artifacts were recovered;
a quartzite projectile point fragment and two pieces of quartz debitage. Supplemental testing
around these finds did not yield any additional prehistoric material. The three artifacts appear to
be isolated finds. Therefore, no additional investigations are recommended to study the
prehistoric material on the property.
In addition, a very light scatter of mid-nineteenth through mid-twentieth century cultural
material was encountered. This Euro-American material probably represents sporadic dumping
of household refuse and subsequent dispersal by plowing. As such, it has virtually no potential
for contributing to our understanding of past activities in Bayview. Therefore, no further
archaeological investigations are recommended.
II
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ii
LIST OF FIGURES, PLATES, AND TABLE. ...................................... iv
INTRODUCTION .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 1
ARCHIVAL RESEARCH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
INTRODUCTION AND METHOD ......................................... 5
NATURAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY. . ... '" . . ..... . . . .. ... . . ... ... .. . . 5
Environmental Setting '" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Prehistoric Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Historic Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
FIELD INSPECTION AND SURFACE SURVEY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
SUBSURFACE TESTING ............................................... 19
Results ......................................................... 20
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................22
REFERENCES .............................................................. 23
APPENDIX: Excavation and Artifact Inventory .................................... 26
III
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Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Plate 1.
Plate 2.
Table 1.
LIST OF FIGURES, PLATES, AND TABLE
Map of Long Island showing the location of the project area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
1956 USGS topographic map, Southold, New York, 7.5 minute series, showing
the location of the F orestbrook at Bayview property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Archaeological investigation of the Forestbrook at Bayview property
in Southold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1829 Burr Map of the County of Sziffolk ............................... 14
1843 Mather and Smith Geological Map of Long and Staten Islands. . . . . . . . . 15
1858 Chace Map of Suffolk County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1873 Beers Atlas of Long Island ..................................... 17
1930 Dolph and Steward Atlas of Suffolk County New York... . . . .... . ... . . 18
Dirt road located at the western edge of the Forestbrook at Bayview property.
Note clearing and refuse. View is south ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Field crew members excavating in the northern portion of the project area.
View is north ..................................................... 7
Archaeological sites within one mile of the project area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
IV
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INTRODUCTION
This report presents the results of a Stage I (A and B) archaeological survey undertaken
for the Forestbrook at Bayview property in the Town of South old, Suffolk County, New York
(Figures I and 2). This study was conducted by the Institute for Long Island Archaeology,
Department of Anthropology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook in October
2003. The project area is located north of North Bayview Road and approximately 69 meters
(226 feet) west of the North Road to Bayview in the hamlet of Bayview. The entire parcel
measures 37.8 acres (15.3 hectares), of which only approximately 12 acres (4.9 hectares) are
slated for impact (Figure 3) by subdivision for new residential construction and installation of
associated utilities, driveways, and landscaping. The remaining 25.8 acres (10.4 hectares) are
scheduled to be preserved as open space (Figure 3), and are therefore not included in this study.
The purpose of this study is to determine if new subdivision and construction will
adversely impact archaeological remains of prehistoric or historic age. This required archival
research and an archaeological survey with subsurface testing. The study was performed in
accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Standards for Cultural Resource Investigations
and the Curation of Archaeological Collections issued by the New York Archaeological Council
(1995).
1
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project area
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Figure I. Map of Long Island showing the location ofthe project area.
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Figure 2. 1956 USGS topographic map, Southold, New York, 7.5 minute series, showing the
location of the Forestbrook at Bayview property (scale = 1:24,000).
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ARcmv AL RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION AND METHOD
An evaluation of the natural and cultural history of an area is essential to understanding
past land use, as well as determining the likelihood of encountering prehistoric or historic
archaeological sites. Human groups locate their settlements in order to best take advantage of the
characteristics of the natural and social landscape. Thus, knowledge of a region's history and
environmental features is crucial in reconstructing past behavior and assessing the probability of
locating evidence of early activities.
A search of the available published records and site files was undertaken to determine if
any previous studies had documented archaeological remains in, or in the vicinity of, the project
area. Pertinent historical records such as maps, photographs, and descriptive histories were
examined to obtain information on past activities in the study parcel.
NATURAL AND CULTURAL mSTORY
Environmental Setting. The Forestbrook at Bayview property is located on the south
shore of the North Fork of Long Island, on a peninsula (Great Hog Neck) jutting into Little
Peconic Bay (Figures 1 and 2). The nearest source of fresh water consists of a small unnamed
kettle pond located approximately 305 meters (1000 feet) northwest ofthe project area. The
project area is situated just south of the Harbor Hill moraine, formed over 15,000 years ago
during the retreat of the Wisconsinan ice sheet (Sirkin 1995). The topography is gently sloping
in the Forestbrook at Bayview parcel, with an average elevation of seven meters (22 feet) above
mean sea level.
Soils in the project area consist of Riverhead sandy loam, 3 to 8% slopes (Warner et al.
197 5 :Sheet 9), a soil type characteristic of moraines and outwash plains throughout Suffolk
County. Riverhead sandy loam is composed of deep, well drained, moderately coarse textured
sediments with low natural fertility. A typical profile for Riverhead sandy loam where plowing
has occurred includes a plow zone (pz or Ap) of medium to dark brown loamy sand to 30
centimeters (12 inches), followed by the B2 subsoil (yellow or orange brown loamy sand, to an
5
average depth of 69 centimeters [27 inches]) and the B3 substratum (light yellow brown loamy
sand, to 147 centimeters [58 inches])(Warner et al. 1975:77-78). No cultural material is expected
in the B3 soil horizon.
Most of the Forestbrook at Bayview project area is formerly plowed field, now covered
with grasses, briar, poison ivy, wild berries, vines, goldenrod, and scattered volunteer pine, oak,
cedar, and ailanthus trees (Plates 1 and 2). Disturbances other than plowing consist of a dirt
road, as well as isolated clearing, dumping, and soil removal (Plate 1). Narrow strips of
disturbed soils are also associated with a metal fence along the eastern edge of the project area,
and with the utility pole corridor running along North Bayview Road. Disturbed areas have a
low potential for the presence of intact archaeological deposits.
In general, the environmental attributes of the Southold area, including the project area,
indicate the presence of a diverse set of resources that could be exploited by aboriginal hunter-
gatherers, as well as by the later Euro-American settlers. Aquatic resources such as fish and
shellfish in addition to marsh plants and migratory waterfowl are present in the marshes fringing
the Great Hog Neck peninsula, and upland areas would have supported berries, nuts, tubers, and
terrestrial fauna utilized by the Native Americans as part of their generalized subsistence base.
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Plate I. Dirt road located at the western edge of the Forestbrook at Bayview property.
Note clearing and refuse. View is south.
Plate 2. Field crew members excavating in the northern portion ofthe project area.
View is north.
7
Prehistoric Period. A search of archaeological site files at the New York State Museum
(NYSM), the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation (OPRHP),
Suffolk County Archaeological Association (SCAA, Gonzalez and Rutsch 1979), and the
Institute for Long Island Archaeology (ILIA) indicates that there are six known prehistoric sites
within one mile (1.6 kilometers) of the Forestbrook at Bayview property (Table I).
The closest known prehistoric sites (NYSM 4884 and 8546) were identified during a
state-wide inventory of archaeological sites by former New York State Archaeologist Arthur C.
Parker during the early twentieth century (Parker 1920) (Table I). The Pellicano site (OPRHP
AI0310.001285) is located on the opposite side of North Bayview Road and approximately one
half mile east from the current project area. The Pellicano site is described as "a small seasonal,
Woodland Period base camp" (Cammissa 1996:22), and it contains a relatively low density of
artifacts, including quartz flakes (waste products of stone tool manufacture or resharpening), fire-
cracked rock, a quartz bifacially-flaked tool, and prehistoric pottery sherds. A similar density
and diversity of prehistoric artifacts was encountered at the Cedar Beach County Park and Angel
Shores sites (Table I).
The site files also list one other prehistoric site described in Parker's 1920 inventory
within one mile of the Forestbrook at Bayview property. Parker site ACP SUFK 40 (NYSM
4909) may actually be located on another Hog Neck on eastern Long Island (on the north side of
the South Fork, north of Sag Harbor), and not in the project area vicinity.
Based on the results of the site file search and the proximity of favorable environmental
features, the F orestbrook at Bayview property has a moderate to high potential for the presence of
prehistoric deposits. Expected site types include small scatters of stone tools and flakes that may
represent hunting, gathering, or tool repair incidents.
Historic Period. There are five reported historic period archaeological sites within one
mile (1.6 kilometers) of the Forestbrook at Bayview property, all documented during a single
cultural resource survey (Billadello and Johannemann 1988). The historic sites are all associated
with map documented structures (no longer standing) south of Main Bay View Drive near the
8
south shore of Great Hog Neck. Artifacts recovered during the 1988 survey consist oflate
eighteenth through early twentieth century material, including a variety of earthenwares,
stoneware, porcelain, a smoking pipe fragment, bottle glass, and building debris (Table I).
Consultation with OPRHP indicates that there are no State or National Register of Historic
Places listed or previously determined eligible properties within or immediately adjacent to the
project area.
Table 1. Archaeological sites within one mile of the project area.
Site Identifier Site Name Age/Cultural Comments
Affiliation
NYSM 4909 ACP SUFK 40 prehistoric "Village site and shell heap on Hog Neck
or Hogonock, a little northwest of Sag
Harbor. Bone implements and pottery have
been found here." (Parker 1920:699). Site
may be on the South Fork, and not as
mapped in site files.
NYSM 4884 prehistoric "Village opposite shore of the bay and near
School" (Parker 1920:699),
NYSM 8546 prehistoric "Traces of occupation" (Parker 1920),
AI031O,001285 Pellicano prehistoric Woodland Period site with pottery,
debitage, one biface, one scraper, and two
hammerstones,
A 103 10,000297 Cedar Beach prehistoric Quartz flakes, tools, and fire-cracked rock.
County Park
A 103 10.000286 Angel Shores prehistoric and Prehistoric artifacts include pottery, quartz
historic flakes, and a quartz tool; also two
unidentified 19th c, map documented sites,
Artifacts include slipware, cream ware,
oearlware, and ironstone,
A 103 10,000284 B. Wells historic 19th c, site with redware, pearlware, and
bottle glass,
AI03 I 0,000285 Mills outparcel historic Late 19th c, outbuilding site; 2 nails and
outbuildings bottle glass found,
AI0310,000287 Beebe-Brown historic 19th c, site with brick, nail, window glass,
House redware, pearlware, stoneware, whiteware,
ironstone, bottle glass, and pipe fragment.
AI 03 10.000288 Brown- Tinsdale historic Early 20th c, site with brick, nails, wood,
Homestead window glass, pearlware, ironstone,
whiteware, porcelain, and bottle glass.
9
The hamlet of Bayview occupies most of Great Hog Neck in the Town of South old.
Permanent settlement by the English did not occur in eastern Suffolk County until the middle of
the seventeenth century. At the time of contact, the North Fork of Long Island was occupied by
the Corchaug Indians, speakers of the Mohegan-Pequot-Montauk Algonquian language (Salwen
1978). The lands known to the Indians as Yennecock (present-day Southold, Thompson 1839)
were ceded to the Magistrates of New Haven, Connecticut in a series of deeds dating prior to
1640.
By the time of European arrival there was little conflict as local Native Americans were
already weakened by disease and from raids by the mainland Connecticut tribes. While there was
constant fear of attack, there was little actual violence (Bayles 1874:4), and prime land and local
power quickly passed to the white settlers. There were no official reservations or settlements for
Native Americans on the North Fork after King Phillip's War in 1674. However, records of
slave purchases indicate that a number of Native Americans were living in Southold during the
late seventeenth century as slaves (Booth 1990; Salwen 1978).
There are conflicting reports concerning the original settlement of the Town of South old
because all town records prior to 1651 are lost (Munsell 1882: I). However, it is generally
accepted that in 1640 a group of Puritan settlers from New Haven, Connecticut obtained a grant
from James Farret to acquire eight square miles ofland. By 1665 the town included all lands
from Wading River to Plum Island, bounded by Long Island Sound to the north and the Peconic
Bay on the south (Munsell 1882:9-10). Great Hog Neck was divided among 66 owners in 1702,
and was probably initially exploited for its extensive salt marshes, though houses were built on
the neck in the early eighteenth century (e.g., the 1711 Horton house). The name "Hog Neck" is
probably related to the Colonial period wood-cutting industry in and around Southold, when
local forests were harvested for materials to manufacture hogsheads for transporting rum (for an
account of early wood-cutting, see Turano 1994:94-98).
Three major east-west travel routes were established in the early eighteenth century to
connect the small farming communities of Suffolk County. Main Road (New York State Route
25, also known as Old Kings Highway) was cleared for cart use in 1704 (Bailey 1949), and this
road continues to serve as the major overland transportation route along the North Fork.
10
Most of the early settlers of Southold were farmers, and any goods produced other than
those needed for subsistence were traded to the Connecticut settlements. Clearing lands for
agriculture continued throughout the seventeenth and into the eighteenth century. By 1677, the
year of the first assessment roll, there were 82 taxpayers within the entire Town of Southold.
One of the crops grown was tobacco, which commanded a high price abroad. The shipping
industry was established early in the Town's history and by 1690 all vessels were directed to
report to New York City to be cleared (Hall 1975).
Little changed in the lifeways of the English colonists of Suffolk County until the
American Revolution. Early in the conflict Long Island attracted British attention because of the
island's proximity to the major port of New York Harbor, and also to Connecticut and Rhode
Island. In addition, Long Island was used as a major resource for provisioning British troops, and
the local agrarian economy was disrupted as the British stripped the region of food, timber, and
herd animals (Luke and Venables 1976). Houses on Great Hog Neck were fired upon by British
ships in Peconic Bay during at least one Revolutionary War incident (Booth 1990).
Industry and water-borne trade were interrupted with British occupation of the Town of
Southold, but life gradually returned to the earlier pattern after 1781. Following the Revolution
and into the mid-nineteenth century, the settlement of the North Fork proceeded slowly and was
concentrated along main thoroughfares such as Main Road.
The railroad reached the North Fork in 1844, when the Long Island Rail Road line
between Brooklyn and Greenport was completed. During the 1860s, railroad service was
interrupted by financial difficulties and the Civil War, but regular service was resumed in the
I 870s. The railroad provided an efficient means of transporting bulk cargoes such as agricultural
produce, and thus heralded the demise of coastal trading and wooden shipbuilding in eastern
Long Island. New York City-bound trains originating in the Town of Southold were loaded daily
with crates and barrels of vegetables during harvest season (Ziel and Foster 1965:167). The
railroad also carried a stream of summer visitors to the region. The shoreline communities of
eastern Suffolk County flourished with seasonal activity, and hotels and boarding houses were
established to meet the needs of summer guests.
11
Despite the influx of summer tourism, Southold remained agriculturally based and
relatively isolated throughout the nineteenth century. The farmsteads that lined Main Road
produced large quantities of potatoes, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, strawberries, cranberries,
dairy products, and eggs. The nature of the local agricultural economy changed in 1980 when the
first of a number of vineyards was established. Since then, more vineyards, garden nurseries,
orchards, and sod farms have replaced many vegetable farms (Murphy 1990).
A survey of early nineteenth through mid-twentieth century maps reveals little activity in
the vicinity of the project area. The 1829 Burr Map of the County of Suffolk (Figure 4) shows
Great Hog Neck south of the main settlement at Southold. No structures are shown on Great
Hog Neck. The 1843 Mather and Smith Geological Map of Long and Staten Islands (Figure 5)
clearly illustrates the linear settlement pattern which characterized the Town of South old from its
earliest Euro-American occupation through the late nineteenth century, with houses aligning
Main Road (New York State Route 25), northwest of Great Hog Neck. Two structures are
illustrated on Great Hog Neck. However, these structures are neither within nor adjacent to the
project area.
The 1858 Chace Map of Suffolk County (Figure 6) depicts several houses along Main Bay
View Drive on the south side of Great Hog Neck, as well as two structures belonging to the
Corey family on Bay View Road. No buildings are shown within or adjacent to the project area,
west of North Road.
By the time of the 1873 Beers Atlas of Long Island (Figure 7), the railroad was running
regularly on the North Fork, more roads had been established, and settlement had increased.
Despite a general increase in population, residential development continued to cluster around
Main Road in the hamlet of Southold, with hundreds of acres on Great Hog Neck remaining as
open farmland. No structures are shown within or adjacent to the project area. The M. Young
structure, illustrated to the north, was the closest to the study parcel. The 1896 Hyde Atlas of
Long Lvland shows a similar land use pattern. The project area remained void of structures at the
turn of the twentieth century. By 1930, the project area appears to be part of a larger tract ofland
owned by Ellenwood, as shown on the Dolph and Stewart Atlas of Suffolk County (Figure 9).
However, no structures are shown within or adjacent to the project area.
12
Based on the information concerning initial settlement of Great Hog Neck and the historic
map overview, the potential for the presence of historic period archaeological sites within the
Forestbrook at Bayview property is relatively low. It is possible that the parcel was used for
agricultural purposes, but this land use is expected to leave few remains in the archaeological
record.
13
Figure 4. 1829 Burr Map of the County of Suffolk showing the location of the project area on
Great Hog Neck in Southold.
14
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Figure 5. 1843 Mather and Smith Geological Map of Long and Staten Islands. One road and
two houses are depicted on Great Hog Neck, which was probably dominated by farm
fields during the middle of the nineteenth century. No structures are shown in or
adjacent to the project area.
15
.~
I
}~
.~~~"
I' . f'i'J'P. T' t
fi"-"
I .
i
1'(
{
~
~.
\~,>,
~ir!!jjjJ:ri/;
, :.,!.,.,'......,II,I.
~ ',IJi;jWi!'
.h~'.,N~i,'_'!('(.:,
~t:r_" :.,
,,'.> .."
.1
i'
i\i
Figure 6. 1858 Chace Map ofSz4.folk County depicting a number of houses on Great Hog Neck,
most aligning Main Bay View Drive on the south side of the neck. The project area
remains void of structures.
16
/',,/ TT I.A'
P }t,,' (' () .,. J t'
LlJ Pui lit
/I .1 )'
Figure 7. 1873 Beers Atlas of Long Island showing the project area north of North Bayview
Road.
17
Figure 8. 1930 Dolph and Stewart Atlas of Suffolk County showing the project area as part ofa
larger tract of land owned by Ellenwood.
18
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
A two phase survey design was employed to search for archaeological remains in the
Forestbrook at Bayview project area. Similar survey designs, used in other areas of Long Island,
have proven successful in detecting prehistoric and historic sites (Bernstein et aL 1999; Lightfoot
1986). The initial phase of the survey involved a surface reconnaissance and inspection intended
to locate large and easily visible remains. The second phase entailed subsurface testing.
FIELD INSPECTION AND SURFACE SURVEY
An initial surface reconnaissance was conducted in October 2003. The entire parcel was
walked over, with special attention given to examining exposed soil for artifacts or other surface
manifestations of past cultural activity. Vegetation patterns and topographic features which
might provide insight into early land use were also noted.
Visibility is fair throughout most of the formerly plowed and wooded sections of the
project area, and good along dirt roads located throughout the parceL No cultural material other
than recent debris (i.e., less than twenty years old) was encountered during the surface survey.
SUBSURFACE TESTING
The second phase of the field survey consisted of the excavation of shovel test pits
(STPs) designed to detect the presence of cultural remains buried beneath the ground surface.
A mapping datum point was established 183 meters (600 feet) from a property marker located at
the southeastern corner of the project area, and shovel test pits are identified by metric grid
coordinates relative to this point (Figure 3). The entire project area slated for impact was tested
utilizing a 15 meter (50 foot) grid (Figure 3).
A total of202 shovel test pits (STPs) was excavated on the standard 15 meter grid.
Twelve supplemental test pits were placed one meter in the cardinal directions from test pits that
yielded prehistoric artifacts (STPs N60/EI65, N75/EI80 and NI95/E105), bringing the total
number of shovel test pits to 214. Shovel test pits have a diameter of approximately 40
19
centimeters (16 inches). All shovel test pits were dug well into the B2 subsoil, typically over 60
centimeters (24 inches) below the present ground surface. The soil from each test unit was
screened through a six millimeter (1/4 inch) wire mesh to aid in the identification and recovery of
cultural materials. All artifacts, photographs, and field notes generated by this survey are curated
at the Institute for Long Island Archaeology, State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Results. The specific data recorded in the field for each shovel test pit, including
information on soil stratigraphy and cultural material, are presented in the Appendix.
The general characteristics of the soils found in the project area are discussed in the
Environmental Setting section above. The topsoil layer (referred to in the Appendix as the
AO/AI horizon) consists of partially decomposed organic matter and dark brown sandy or silty
loam, and extends to an average of four centimeters (1.6 inches) below the ground surface. Most
of the shovel test pits contained a plow zone ofIight to medium brown silty sand, extending to an
average depth of35 centimeters (13.8 inches). It is underlain by the lower subsoil (B2), orange
brown silty sand. The B3 substratum (yellow or light brown silty sand) was encountered in 55
shovel test pits, while six test pits exposed soils disturbed by activities other than plowing
(Appendix).
No prehistoric or historic period features were encountered during the archaeological
survey ofthe F orestbrook at Bayview project area. Prehistoric cultural material was encountered
in only three of the 214 shovel test pits. The prehistoric artifacts consist of a single quartzite
projectile point fragment (missing only the tip) from N60/E165, and two small quartz flakes
(non-cortical waste products from stone tool manufacture and/or resharpening) from N75/E180
and N 195/E I 05. All three of these artifacts were found in the plow zone. The straight stemmed
projectile point is similar to the Bare Island or Snook Kill types, both of which date to the later
stages of the Archaic Period, 4000 to 700 B.C. Four supplemental shovel test pits were dug in
the cardinal directions from the lithic find spots (STPs N60/E165, N75/E180 and NI95/E105),
but no additional prehistoric materials were identified in any of the twelve additional units. The
quartzite projectile point most likely represents an isolated incident of loss or discard.
20
A very light scatter of mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth century Euro-American cultural
material was encountered in sixteen shovel test pits. This material includes bottle and flat glass,
seven small whiteware sherds, two square cut nails, brick, and coal (Appendix). The Euro-
American material probably represents sporadic dumping of household refuse, and subsequent
dispersal by plowing. It has virtually no potential for contributing to our understanding of past
activities in Bayview.
21
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Archival research and archaeological investigation of the Forestbrook at Bayview
property in the Town of Southold, Suffolk County, indicate that the project area witnessed only
limited discernable human activity in the past. A total of214 shovel test pits was excavated in
the project area. Only three prehistoric artifacts were recovered, a quartzite projectile point and
two pieces of quartz debitage (waste products from stone tool manufacture and/or resharpening).
Supplemental testing around these finds did not yield any additional prehistoric. In addition, a
very light scatter of mid-nineteenth through mid-twentieth century cultural material was
encountered. This Euro-American material probably represents sporadic dumping of household
refuse and subsequent dispersal by plowing. As such, it has virtually no potential for
contributing to our understanding of past activities in Bayview. No further archaeological
investigations are recommended.
22
REFERENCES
Bailey, Paul
1949 Long Island: A History o/Two Great Counties Nassau and Suffolk. Lewis Historical
Publications, New York.
Bayles, Richard M.
1874 Historical and Descriptive Sketches o/Suffolk County. Published by the author, Port
Jefferson, New York.
Bernstein, David J., Michael J. Lenardi, and Daria Merwin
1999 Stage IB Archaeological Survey of the Kycia Property, Head of the Harbor, Town of
Smithtown, Suffolk County, New York. Institute for Long Island Archaeology, State
University of New York at Stony Brook.
Billadello, Laurie S. and Edward J. Johannemann
1988 Stage I Survey of a Cultural Resources Inventory of the Angel Shores Subdivision,
Bayview, Suffolk County. Long Island Archaeological Project, Setauket, New York.
Booth, Antonia
1990 A Brief Account of Southold's History. In Southold Town 350th Anniversary, 1640-
1990, edited by Peggy Murphy. 350th Anniversary Executive Committee, Southold, New
York.
Carnmissa, Alfred G.
1996 Phase IB Archaeological Survey and Phase II Intensive Testing of the Pellicano Site for
the Proposed Bayview Development, Bayview, Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New
York. Tracker Archaeology Services, North Babylon, New York.
Gonzalez, Ellice and Edward Rutsch
1979 Suffolk County Cultural Resource Inventory. Published by the Suffolk County
Archaeological Association, Stony Brook, New York.
Hall, Warren
1975 Pagans, Puritans, Patriots o/Yesterday's Southold. New Suffolk Historical Council,
Cutchogue, New York.
Lightfoot, Kent
1986 Regional Surveys in the Eastern United States: The Strengths and Weaknesses of
Implementing Subsurface Testing Programs. American Antiquity 51 :484-504.
23
Luke, M. H. and R. W. Venables
1976 Long Island in the American Revolution. New York State American Revolution
Bicentennial Commission, Albany.
Munsell, William W.
1882 History of Suffolk County, New York 1683-1882. W. W. Munsell and Company, New
York.
Murphy, Peggy
1990 Farming: Southold's Ever Changing Heritage. In Southold Town 350th Anniversary,
1640-1990, edited by Peggy Murphy. 350th Anniversary Executive Committee,
Southold, New York.
Parker, Arthur C.
1920 The Archeological History of New York. New York State Museum Bulletin Numbers 237
and 238. Albany, New York.
Salwen, Bert
1978 Indians of Southern New England and Long Island: Early Period. In Handbook of North
American Indians, Volume 15 edited by Bruce G. Trigger. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington D.C.
Sirkin, Les
1995 Eastern Long Island Geology with Field Trips. The Book and Tackle Shop, Watch Hill,
Rhode Island.
Thompson, Benjamin F.
1839 A History of Long Island, Containing an Account of the Discovery and Settlement. E.
French, New York.
Turano, Francis J.
1994 Two Hundred Years of Family Farm Households, 1700-1900: The Archaeology of the
Terry-Mulford Site, Orient (Oysterponds), New York. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation,
Department of Anthropology, State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Warner, J. W. Jr., W. E. Hanna, R. J. Landry, J. P. Wulforst, J. A. Neely, R. L. Holmes and C. E.
Rice
1975 Soil Survey of Suffolk County, New York. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service, Washington, D.C.
Ziel, Ron and George H. Foster
1965 Steel Rails to the Sunrise. Hawthorne Books, New York.
24
List of Maps
Beers, F. W.
1873 Atlas of Long Island, New York. Beers, Comstock, and Cline, New York.
Burr, David H.
1829 Map of the County of Suffolk. From An Atlas of the State of New York. Copy on file,
Map Library, State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Chace, J. jr.
1858 Map of Suffolk County, Long Island, New York. John Douglass, Philadelphia.
Dolph and Stewart
1930 Atlas of Suffolk County, New York. Dolph and Stewart, New York.
Hyde, E. Belcher
1896 Atlas of Long Island, New York. E. Belcher Hyde, Brooklyn, New York.
Mather, W.W. and J. Calvin Smith
1843 Geological Map of Long and Staten Islands with the Environs of New York. In The
Natural History of New York by W.W. Mather, Endicott, New York.
United States Geological Survey
1956 Southold, New York. 7.5 minute series. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.
25
APPENDIX
EXCAVATION AND ARTIFACT INVENTORY
Basic descriptive data from the project are presented in the following appendix.
Excavation, stratigraphic, and artifactuaI information are included. Excavation information
includes shovel test pit (STP) coordinates relative to project datum, level number, stratigraphic
designation (stratum), and starting (SD) and ending (ED) depths (in centimeters) for each
excavated level.
An inventory of the cultural material recovered during the survey of the F orestbrook at
Bayview project area is found in the final column. Prehistoric quartz debitage flakes (chipping
waste) are categorized based on the amount of cortex remaining on their dorsal face. Tertiary
flakes have no cortex remaining. Unless indicated otherwise, all glass and ceramic sherds are
undecorated vessel body portions.
The following abbreviations are used in the appendix:
Stratum
AOIAl-topsoil
bur-buried
B2-lower subsoil
B3-substratum
dist-disturbed
pz-plow zone
Soils
bn-brown
cl-clay( ey)
dk-dark
gb-gray brown
gr-gray
gv-gravel
Im-loam(y)
It-light
md-medium
mo-mottled
ob-orange brown
pb-pebbles
sd-sand(y)
st -silt(y)
yb-yellow brown
26
APPENDIX: SHOVEL TEST PIT EXCA V A TION AND ARTIFACT INVENTORY
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N240/E45 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn st sd
40 58 B2 ob st sd
58 68 B3 Itbn stsd
N240/E60 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 39 pz md bn st sd
39 55 B2 ob st sd
55 64 B3 It bn st sd
N240/E75 0 34 dist ob st sd I brick
34 60 B3 It gr sd
N240/E90 0 4 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
4 27 pz md bn st sd
27 62 B2 ob st sd
62 65 B3 It bn st sd
N225/EI5 0 60 pz md bn 1m st
N225/E30 0 6 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
6 44 pz md bn st sd
44 60 B2 ob st sd
N225/E45 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn st sd
34 50 B2 ob st sd
50 63 B3 Itbnstsd
N225/E60 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 38 pz md bn st sd
38 52 B2 ob st sd
52 64 B3 Itbnstsd
N225/E75 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 37 pz md bn st sd
37 60 B2 ob st sd
60 69 B3 It bn st sd
N225/E90 0 17 dist yb st sd w/pb&gv
17 42 pz md bn st sd
42 66 B2 ob stsd
N225/E I 05 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 36 pz md bn st sd
36 60 B2 ob st sd
N225/E120 0 9 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
9 33 pz md bn sd st
33 53 bur pz md gb sd st
53 61 B2 ob stsd
27
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Malerial
N2 I OlEO 0 4 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
4 37 pz md bn sl sd
37 64 B2 ob sl sd
N2101E15 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn sd sl
32 60 B2 ob sd sl
N2101E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 44 pz md bn sl sd
44 59 B2 ob sl sd
59 65 B3 It bn sl sd
N21O/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn sl sd
40 54 B2 ob sl sd
54 60 B3 II bn sl sd
N2101E60 0 8 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
8 37 pz md bn sl sd
37 52 BI ob sl sd
52 66 B2 II bn sl sd
N2101E75 0 5 AO/Al dk bn 1m sd
5 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 60 B2 ob sl sd
N2l01E90 0 5 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn sd 1m
34 62 B2 ob sl sd
62 67 B3 II bn sl sd
N21 OlE 105 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 29 pz md bn sl sd I painled whileware
29 53 B2 ob sl sd
53 60 B3 II bn sl sd
N2101E120 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 26 pz md bn sd sl
26 53 B2 ob sl sd
53 60 B3 It gb sl sd
N2101E135 0 4 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
4 33 pz md bn sl sd
33 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI96IEI05 0 3 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
3 33 pz md bn sl sd
33 60 B2 ob sl sd
N195/W15 0 5 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
5 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI951E0 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn sl sd
34 64 B2 ob sl sd
28
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N195/E15 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn sd st
32 60 B2 ob sd st w/pb&gv
NI95/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn st sd
40 52 B2 ob st sd
52 66 B3 It bn st sd
N I 95/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 37 pz md bn st sd
37 52 B2 ob st sd
52 65 B3 It bn st sd
NI95/E60 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 33 pz md bn 1m st
33 60 B2 ob 1m st
NI95/E75 0 4 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
4 31 pz md bn st sd
31 60 B2 ob st sd
NI95/E90 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 34 pz md bn st sd
34 63 B2 ob st sd
63 64 B3 It bn st sd
N195/E104 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 33 pz md bn st sd
33 60 B2 ob st sd
N195/EI05 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 32 pz md bn st sd I quartz tertiary flake
32 60 B2 Db st sd
N195/EI06 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 35 pz md bn sd st
35 62 B2 Db st sd
NJ95/EJ20 0 10 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
10 41 pz md bn sd st I amber bottle glass, I brick
41 60 B2 ob st sd
N195/E135 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 38 pz md bn sd st
38 61 B2 ob st sd
N195/E150 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 40 pz md bn st sd
40 62 B2 ob st sd
NI94/E105 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 33 pz md bn sd st
33 60 B2 Db st sd
N180/W15 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 33 pz md bn st sd
33 65 B2 ob st sd
29
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
NI80/EO 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 33 pz md bn st sd
33 62 B2 ob st sd
NI801E15 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 46 pz md bn 1m st
46 60 B2 ob 1m st
NI801E30 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 24 pz md bn st sd
24 42 B2 ob st sd
42 67 B3 It bn st sd
NI801E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 41 pz md bn st sd
41 58 B2 ob st sd
58 67 B3 It bn st sd
N 1801E60 0 38 pz md bn 1m st
38 60 B2 ob 1m st
NI801E75 0 4 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
4 35 pz md bn st sd
35 60 B2 ob st sd
NI801E90 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 39 pz md bn st sd
39 61 B2 ob st sd
Nl801E105 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn st sd I amber bottle glass
32 60 B2 ob st sd
NI801E120 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 41 pz md bn sd st I whiteware, I nail
41 61 B2 ob st sd
N180/E135 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 40 pz md bn st sd I whiteware
40 60 B2 ob st sd
NI801E150 0 II AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
II 45 pz md bn st sd
45 60 B2 ob st sd
NI801E165 0 4 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn st sd
36 60 B2 ob st sd
NI65/W30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn st sd I dark green bottle glass
34 62 B2 ob st sd
N165/W15 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 34 pz md bn st sd
34 62 B2 ob st sd
30
STP SO EO Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N165/E0 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn st sd
36 63 B2 ob st sd
N165/E15 0 21 dist md bn st sd
21 54 B2 ob st sd
54 60 B3 It ob st sd w/pb&gv
N165/E30 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 40 pz md bn 1m st
40 60 B2 ob 1m st
N165/E45 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 38 pz md bn st sd
38 55 B2 ob st sd
55 65 B3 It bn st sd
N165/E60 0 3 AO/AI dkbn sd 1m
3 37 pz md bn 1m st
37 60 B2 ob 1m st
N165/E75 0 3 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
3 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N165/E90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 33 pz md bn st sd
33 56 B2 ob st sd
56 64 B3 It bn st sd
N165/E105 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N165/E120 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 34 pz md bn st sd
34 63 B2 ob st sd
N165/E135 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 34 pz md bn sd st
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N165/E150 0 8 AD/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N165/E165 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 33 pz md bn st sd
33 60 B2 ob st sd
N165/E180 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N150/W30 0 33 pz md bn 1m sd
33 60 B2 oblm st
N150/W15 0 40 pz md bn 1m sd
40 60 B2 ob 1m sd
31
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Malerial
Nl50/EO 0 32 pz md bn 1m sd
32 60 B2 ob 1m sd
NI50/El5 0 4 AO/Al dk bn 1m sd
4 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI50/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn sl sd
34 56 B2 ob sl sd
56 60 B3 II bn sl sd
Nl50/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 38 pz md bn sl sd
38 56 B2 ob sl sd
56 65 B3 llbn slsd
N 150/E60 0 2 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
2 40 pz md bn 1m sl
40 60 B2 ob 1m sl
Nl50/E75 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 28 pz md bn sl sd
28 60 B2 ob sl sd w/pb
N150/E90 0 5 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
5 39 pz md bn sl sd
39 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI50/E105 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 35 pz md bn sl sd
35 60 B2 ob sl sd
NJ50/EI20 0 9 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
9 33 pz md bn sl sd
33 61 B2 obsl sd
N150/E.135 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 33 pz md bn sl sd
33 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI50/EI50 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 34 pz md bn sl sd
34 61 B2 ob sl sd
NI50/EI65 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 48 B2 ob sl sd
48 60 B3 Ilob sd
NI50/El80 0 10 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
10 38 pz md bn sl sd
38 60 B2 ob sl sd
N135/W30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 31 pz md bn sl sd
31 64 B2 ob sl sd
32
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N135fWI5 0 4 AO/AI dk bu sd hn
4 34 pz md bn st sd
34 63 B2 ob st sd
N135/E0 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 31 pz md bn st sd
31 64 B2 ob st sd
N135/E15 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
3 30 pz md bn hn st
30 60 B2 ob hn st
N135/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
5 34 pz md bn st sd
34 53 B2 ob st sd
53 62 B3 It bn st sd
N135/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
5 35 pz md bn st sd
35 55 B2 ob st sd
55 66 B3 It bn st sd
N135/E60 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 30 pz md bn hn st
30 60 B2 ob hn st
N135/E75 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N135/E90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
5 38 pz md bn st sd
38 62 B2 ob st sd
N135/EI05 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
3 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N135/E120 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
5 35 pz md bn sd st I whiteware
35 61 B2 ob st sd
NI35/E135 0 10 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
10 37 pz md bn sd st I square cut nail
37 6] B2 ob st sd
N135/E150 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 40 pz md bn st sd
40 61 B2 ob st sd
N135/E165 0 6 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
6 34 pz md bn sd st
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N135/E180 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
3 36 pz md bn st sd
36 60 B2 ob st sd
33
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
NI20fW30 0 4 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn st sd
36 63 B2 ob st sd
NI20fWI5 0 4 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
4 38 pz md bn st sd
38 64 B2 ob st sd
NI201E0 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 29 pz md bn st sd
29 63 B2 ob st sd
NI201E15 0 4 AO/AI elk bn 1m sd
4 27 pz md bn st sd
27 51 B2 ob st sd
51 60 B3 yb st sd
N1201E30 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn st sd
40 54 B2 ob st sd
54 65 B3 It bn st sd
NI20/E45 0 5 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
5 36 pz md bn st sd
36 55 B2 ob st sd
55 67 B3 Itbnstsd
NI201E60 0 50 pz md bn 1m st
50 60 B2 ob st sd
NI201E75 0 6 AO/AI elk bn 1m sd
6 34 pz md bn st sd I brick, I coal
34 60 B2 ob st sd
NI201E90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 37 pz md bn st sd
37 63 B2 ob st sd
NI201E 105 0 4 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
4 48 pz md bn sd st
48 60 B2 ob st sd
NI201E120 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 33 pz md bn sd st 1 whiteware
33 60 B2 ob st sd
NI201E135 0 5 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
5 36 pz md bn st sd I coal
36 60 B2 ob st sd
NI201E150 0 8 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
8 30 pz md bn st sd I square cut nail
30 60 B2 ob sl sd
NI201E165 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn sd st
32 60 B2 ob sd sl
34
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N120/E180 0 10 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
10 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
NI051W30 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 49 pz md bn 1m sd
49 60 B2 ob 1m sd
N105/W15 0 3 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
3 40 pz md bn 1m sd
40 60 B2 ob 1m sd
NI05/EO 0 3 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
3 39 pz md bn 1m sd
39 60 B2 ob 1m sd
N105/E15 0 7 AO/AI elk bn sd 1m
7 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N105/E30 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 46 pz md bn 1m st
46 60 B2 ob 1m sl
NI05/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 50 pz md bn sl sd
50 54 B2 ob 51 5d
54 69 B3 It bn 51 5d
N105/E60 0 40 pz md bn 1m 5t
40 51 B2 ob 5t 5d
51 60 B3 mo gr/ob 1m 51
N105/E75 0 3 AO/AI dk bn 1m 5d
3 28 pz md bn 51 sd
28 50 B2 ob 5t 5d
50 60 B3 gr cI 5d
N105/E90 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 34 pz md bn 51 sd
34 64 B2 ob sl 5d
64 67 B3 II bn st sd
N105/E105 0 2 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
2 29 pz md bn sl sd
29 60 B2 ob sl sd
N105/E120 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 35 pz md bn 5d 5t
35 63 B2 ob 51 5d
N 105/E 135 0 8 AO/AI dk bn 5d 1m
8 34 pz md bn 5d 5t
34 60 B2 ob 51 5d
N105/E150 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn 5t sd
36 60 B2 ob sl sd
35
STP SD ED Stratwn Soils Cultural Ma(erial
NI05/E165 0 10 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
10 40 pz md bn s( sd
40 64 B2 ob s( sd
N105/E180 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 35 pz md bn s( sd
35 60 B2 ob s( sd
N90/Wl5 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 30 pz md bn s( sd
30 62 B2 ob s( sd
N90/E0 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 38 pz md bn s(sd
38 66 B2 ob s( sd
N90/E15 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 47 pz md bn 1m s(
47 60 B2 ob 1m s(
N90/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 44 pz md bn s( sd
44 59 B2 ob s( sd
59 65 B3 I( bn s( sd
N90/E45 0 4 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
4 32 pz md bn s( sd
32 59 B2 ob s( sd
59 64 B3 I( bn s( sd
N90/E60 0 3 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
3 50 pz md bn 1m s(
50 60 B2 ob st sd
N75/E75 0 3 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
3 27 pz ob s( sd
27 60 B2 mo or/gr s( sd
N90/E90 0 5 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn s( sd
34 50 B2 ob s( sd
50 66 B3 yb s( sd
N90/EI05 0 4 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
4 29 pz md bn s( sd
29 48 B2 ob s( sd
48 60 B3 I( bn s( sd
N90/E 120 0 10 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
10 30 pz md bn sd s(
30 60 B2 ob st sd
N90/E135 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 35 pz md bn s( sd
35 60 B2 ob s( sd
36
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N90/E150 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 39 pz md bn st sd
39 60 B2 ob st sd
N90/E165 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 39 pz md bn st sd
39 51 B2 ob st sd
51 60 B3 It bn st sd
N90/E 180 0 3 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
3 22 pz md bn st sd I whiteware
22 60 B2 ob st sd
N76/E 180 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 36 pz md bn st sd
36 70 B2 ob st sd
N75/W15 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 35 pz md bn st sd
35 64 B2 ob st sd
N75/EO 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 42 pz md bn 1m sd
42 50 B2 ob 1m sd
N75/E15 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 60 pz md bn sd st
N75/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn 5t sd
40 60 B2 ob st sd
60 67 B3 It bn st sd
N75/E45 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 44 pz md bn st sd
44 57 B2 ob st sd
57 66 B3 It bn 5t sd
N75/E60 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 51 pz md bn 1m 51
51 60 B2 ob 5t 5d
N75/E75 0 4 AO/AI dk bn 1m 5d
4 34 pz md bn 5t sd
34 60 B2 mo ob/gb st sd
N75/E90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn 5d 1m
5 50 pz md bn st 5d
50 62 B2 ob 5t 5d
N75/E105 0 5 AO/AI dk bn 1m 5d
5 33 pz md bn st sd I painted whiteware
33 56 B2 dk ob st sd
56 60 B3 It bn 5t sd
37
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Malerial
N75fEI20 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 30 pz md bn sd sl
30 37 B2 ob Sl sd
37 61 B3 gb Sl sd
N75fE135 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 33 pz md bn sd Sl
33 60 B2 ob Sl sd
N75fE 150 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn Sl sd
32 60 B2 ob Sl sd
N75fE 165 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 35 pz md bn sl sd
35 62 B2 ob Sl sd
N75fEI79 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 36 pz md bn sl sd
36 63 B2 ob Sl sd
N75fEI80 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 36 pz md bn Sl sd I quartz lertiary flake, I amber
bonle glass, I brick
36 60 B2 obsd sl
N75fE181 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn slsd
36 67 B2 ob sl sd
N74fE180 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 35 pz md bn sl sd
35 60 B2 ob Sl sd
N61fEI65 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 34 pz md bn sl sd
34 60 B2 ob sl sd
N60fEO 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 32 pz md bn Sl sd
32 64 B2 ob sl sd
N60fEI5 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 39 pz md bn sl sd
39 64 B2 ob slsd
N60fE30 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 36 pz md bn sl sd
36 63 B2 ob sl sd
N60fE45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 30 pz md bn sl sd
30 60 B2 ob Sl sd
60 65 B3 II bn sl sd
N 60fE60 0 60 pz md bn 1m Sl
38
.
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Malerial
N60/E75 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 51 pz md bn sd sl
51 60 B2 II bn sd sl
N60/E90 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 39 pz md bn sl sd
39 66 B2 ob sl sd
N60/E 105 0 4 AO/AI dk bn 1m sd
4 38 pz md bn sl sd
38 60 B2 ob sl sd
N60/E120 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 29 pz md bn sd sl
29 38 B2 ob sl sd
38 61 B3 II bn sd sl
N60/E135 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 34 pz md bn sd sl
34 60 B2 ob sd sl
N60/E150 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 60 B2 ob sl sd
N60/E164 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 39 pz md bn st sd
39 50 B2 ob sl sd
50 60 B3 gr cI sd
N60/E165 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 37 pz md bn sl sd I quartzite straighl slemmed
projeclile point (missing lip)
37 53 B2 ob sl sd
53 63 B3 II bn sl sd
N60/E166 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 34 pz md bn sl sd
34 54 B2 ob sl sd
54 62 B3 II bn sl sd
N60/E180 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 32 pz md bn sl sd
32 60 B2 ob sl sd
N59/E165 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 38 pz md bn sl sd
38 55 B2 ob sl sd
55 62 B3 II bn sl sd
N45/E0 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 46 pz md bn 1m sd
46 60 B2 ob 1m sd
N45/E15 0 2 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
2 30 pz md bn 1m sd
30 60 B2 ob 1m sd
39
.
STP SO ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N45/E30 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
4 39 pz md bn st sd
39 64 B2 ob st sd
N45/E45 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 36 pz md bn stsd
36 55 B2 ob st sd
55 62 B3 Itbn stsd
N45/E60 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 60 pz md bn 1m st
N45/E75 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 57 pz md bn sd st
57 60 B2 It bn sd st
N45/E90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 40 pz md bn st sd
40 60 B2 ob st sd
N45/E I 05 0 6 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
6 37 pz md bn st sd
37 55 B2 ob st sd
55 60 B3 gb cI sd
N45/E 120 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 37 pz md bn sd 1m
37 62 B2 mo ob/gb st sd
N45/E135 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 38 pz md bn st sd
38 60 B2 ob st sd
N45/E 150 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 32 pz md bn st sd
32 60 B2 ob st sd
N45/E 165 0 9 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
9 29 pz md bn st sd
29 43 B2 ob st sd
43 62 B3 Itbnstsd
N45/E 180 0 14 dist mo md bn/dk bn st sd
]4 38 pz md bn st sd
38 60 B2 ob st sd
N30/E0 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 39 pz md bn st sd
39 66 B2 ob st sd
N30/E15 0 2 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
2 40 pz md bn stsd
40 60 B2 ob st sd
N30/E30 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 38 pz md bn stsd
38 51 B2 ob st sd
51 66 B3 It bn st sd
40
.
.
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N30fE45 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 44 pz md bn st sd
44 58 B2 ob st sd
58 65 B3 It bn st sd
N30fE60 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 32 pz md bn st sd
32 63 B2 ob st sd
N30fE75 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
7 56 pz md bn sd st
56 60 B2 It bn sd st
N30fE90 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
5 38 pz md bn st sd
38 64 B2 ob st sd
N30fE 105 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
7 34 pz md bn st sd
34 60 B2 ob st sd
N30fEI20 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
8 35 pz md bn sd st
35 60 B2 ob st sd
N30fE135 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 31 pz md bn st sd
31 60 B2 ob st sd
N30fE 150 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
8 37 pz md bn st sd
37 45 B2 ob st sd
45 60 B3 It bn st sd
N30fEI65 0 8 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
8 37 pz md bn st sd
37 60 B2 It bn st sd
N30fEI80 0 9 AO/AI dk bn st 1m
9 26 dist mo md bn st sd
26 45 pz md bn sd st
45 60 B2 ob st sd
N22fE75 0 5 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
5 34 pz md bn st sd
34 62 B2 ob st sd
N20fEI20 0 7 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
7 38 pz md bn sd st
38 60 B2 ob sd st
NI5fEO 0 3 AO/AI dk bn sd 1m
3 47 pz md bn st sd
47 60 B2 ob st sd
NI5fEI5 0 4 AO/AI dk bn sd hn
4 40 pz md bn sd hn
40 60 B2 ob 1m sd
41
..
.
STP SD ED Stratum Soils Cultural Material
N15/E30 0 5 AO/Al elk bn sd bn
5 37 pz md bn st sd
37 65 B2 ob st sd
N15/E45 0 5 AO/Al elk bn sd bn
5 45 pz md bn st sd
45 62 B2 ob st sd
62 69 B3 Itbn stsd
N15/E55 0 5 AO/Al elk bn sd bn
5 28 dist mo md bn st sd
28 40 pz md bn st sd
40 70 B2 ob st sd
N15/E90 0 3 AO/Al elk bn sd bn
3 47 pz md bn bn sd
47 60 B2 ob 1m sd
N15/E105 0 7 AO/Al dk bn sd bn
7 32 pz md bn st sd
32 60 B2 ob st sd
NI5/E135 0 9 AO/Al dk bn sd bn
9 33 pz md bn st sd
33 49 B2 ob st sd
49 60 B3 It bn st sd
N15/E150 0 3 AO/AI elk bn sd bn
3 32 pz md bn st sd
32 50 B2 ob st sd
50 60 B3 gr cl sd
N15/E165 0 9 AO/Al elk bn sd bn
9 38 pz md bn sd st
38 43 B2 ob st sd
43 60 B3 It bn st sd
NJ5/E180 0 5 AO/Al dk bn sd 1m
5 35 pz md bn sd st I aqua flat glass
35 60 B2 ob sd st
42
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ARCHEOLOGICAL ITEMS FOUND ON SITE
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Refer to the cover photograph and corresponding number for identification.
l. Tool for straightening arrow shafts. The hole drilled through the rock slab on an angle allows the arrow to be run
back and forth to remove irregularities.
2. Whetstone for shaJllCning steel trade items.
3. Trade pipe. Small diameter of stem interior dates pipe.
4. Paint Pot. Porous rock of red color used for facial painting or other decorative painting. Shows use.
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June 9, 2002
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As an archaeologist, I do believe these artifacts to be of local Indian origin. Included are a
whetstone, a pos~ible shaft straightener, a trade pipe (of European origins) as well as a possible
paintpot. Paintpots are usually natural formations.
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Lisa Cordani-Stevenson
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