HomeMy WebLinkAbout(2) Phase IA Report.pdf Final, NYSHPO CRIS Submission (for 21PR04396)
Strong's Yacht Center - Proposed Boat Storage
Buildings, Phase Ia Archaeology (v2)
5780 W. Mill Road, Hamlet of
Mattituck, Town of Southold, Suffolk
County, New York
Prepared for: Strong's Yacht Center
Attn.: Jeffrey Strong
5780 W. Mill Road
Mattituck, NY 11952
631.786.1392
jeff@strongsmarine.com
Prepared by: Carol S. Weed (CSW13108), Principal Investigator
50 Saw Mill Road, Unit 15326
Danbury, CT 06810
646.276.2460
July 2021
Project
� Summary
~
SNPO Project Review Number: not assigned
Involved City,State and Federal Agencies:Town of Southold Planning Board (SEQRA),Town of Southold
Trustees, Suffolk County Department of Health Services, and the New York State Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC)
Phase of Survey: Phase |AAssessment.
Location Information
Location: Hamlet ofMattituck
Minor Civil Division:Town ofSouthold
County: Suffolk
Survey Area (Metric& English)
Length: construction excavation area maximum 47O feet(143 meters) N'S;temporary haul road l4S4feet
/443 meters) end tuend.
Width: construction excavation area maximum 376 feet(114 meters) E-W,temporary haul road 10-16 feet
(ca. 3'5 meters).
Depth (when appropriate): not applicable
Number of Acres Surveyed (when appropriate): not applicable (the direct impact CEA and temporary haul
road were walked twice)
Number of Square Meters and Feet Excavated: not applicable
Percentage of Site Excavated: not applicable
USGS 7'6 Minute Quadrangle Map: Mattituck HiUs7.S-rninuta quadrangle
Archaeological Survey Overview
G9R Survey Blocks: none
Plow Strips: none
Number&Size of Units: none
Width of Plowed Strips: none
Survey Transect Interval:judgmental walkover to assess existing conditions in the proposed construction
excavation area ([EA), along a temporary haul road, an in-marina haul route, and new utilities and minor
constructions in the 3YC marina and along VV. Mill Road.
Results mf Archaeological Survey
Number& Name of Archaeological Sites identified: none
Number& Name of Historic Sites identified: none
Number& Name of Sites Recommended for Phase ||/Avoidance: n/a
Report 8uthmr(s): Carol 5. Weed, K4.A. (RPA#9O9090)
Date of Report:July 203l
Table of Contents
ProjectSummary.....................................................................................................................i
Tableof Contents..................................................................................................................ii
Listof Tables........................................................................................................................iii
Listof Figures(Appendix A).............................................................................................iii
List of Photographs(Appendix B)....................................................................................iv
ExecutiveSummary...............................................................................................................1
Administration and Regulatory Approvals........................................................1
ProjectDetail....................................................................................................2
ReportOrganization.........................................................................................4
Phase IA Methods and Results............................................................................................5
Literature Review and Walkover Methods.......................................................5
Environmental and Historic Contexts...............................................................6
Environmental Context........................................................................6
HistoricContext...................................................................................9
Direct Impact Area Walkover Observations...................................................11
Construction Excavation Area (CEA)................................................11
CEA Phase 1 Temporary Haul Road................................................11
CEA Phase 2 Temporary Haul Route...............................................12
SYC Marina Utility Lines and Minor Elements..................................12
Phase IA Assessment Conclusions and Recommendations.........................................13
ReferencesCited..................................................................................................................15
Appendix A-Figures
Appendix B-Photographs:Project Site
ii
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Table No. Description Page
1 Data Sources Used and Data Obtained ..............................5
2 Project Area Soils (USDA 2021. Warner ot al. 1S75)..........7
3 Two Mile Context Area Archaeological Site USNn............10
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of Cym��~~�� �� :��� ��.~��������� � :��
Figure No. Description
1 Project Location (USGSMattituok Hills 1U58)
2 SYC. Abutting, and Viewshod Parcels with Address#s
3 Excavation Phasing Plan (Plan Sheet 0)
4 Upland Section Phase 1 Temporary Haul Road (Plan Sheet 1O)
5 UU|ih/ Plan North of Bldg. 6 (Plan Sheet5)
S Utilities and Minor Project Elements South nf Bldg. 8 (Plan
Shoet11)
7 18O2-1SO4 Hyde with Current Address Numbers
8 1004 Shelter Island USGS with Project Datum
8 ca. 1&05 Mill with Dam (Kqattituok-Launa| Library 201442O)
10 ca. 1920s Mill with swing bridge (K4attituok'Laure| Library
2012220)
11 ca. 1040a Mill, north elevation of swing bridge (K8attituok-Launa|
Libnary2O124S3)
12 1047USGSMattituok Hills with Bridge
13 1854U8GSK4attituok Hill with Bridge Gone
14 1082SUFG|SAerial
15 1878SUFG|SAerial
16 1084SUFG|SAerial
17 2001SUF{3|SAerial
18 2013SUFG|SAerial
18 USDA VVSSSoil Map
20 2021 PVVGC Bore Location Plan
B1 Project Site Photo Key (in Appendix B)
List of Photographs (Appendix B)
Photo No. Description
B1 Project Site CEA, looking NE from the bluff across SYC Bldgs.
7 and 8
B2 Project Site CEA, looking SE from the bluff across SYC Bldg. 8
B3 Project Site CEA, looking at the bluff west of Bldg. 7
B4 Project Site CEA, looking across the CEA valley slope ridge and
swale topography
B5 Project Site CEA, tire in spoil bank
B6 Project Site CEA, geotechnical bore location
B7 Project Site, Temporary Haul Road, looking S downslope
across the 40, 30, and 20 ft. AMSL contours
B8 Project Site, temporary Haul Road, looking W across
successional shrublands
B9 Project Site, Temporary Haul Road, looking NE across the ATV
berm
B10 Project Site, Temporary Haul Road, looking north along W. Mill
Road from the north side of the haul road entrance/exit
B11 Project Site, Main Water Line, looking W from the intersection of
Naugles Rd. (right) and W. Mill Rd. (left)with USN
10310.000347 in background
B12 Project Site, Main Water Line, intersection of Naugles Rd. (left)
and W. Mill Road looking E
B13 Project Site, Secondary Water Line, looking NE across the
backyard of 5104 Mill Rd. (SYC Bldg. 1)
B14 Project Site, Secondary Water Line, looking NE at the water line
route with SYC Bldgs. 5 and 6 downslope
B15 SYC, looking W at Bldgs. 2 and 3 from 80 E. Mill Road dock
B16 SYC, looking SW at Bldgs. 6, 7, and 8 from 80 E. Mill Road
dock
B17 SYC, the location of now-demolished Bldg. 4. It was right of the
ladder.
B18 SYC, North Dry Dock without lift, looking E/NE
B19 SYC, zinc plates on boat hull and rack
B20 SYC, current emergency access road that east-west between
W. Mill Road and Mill Road
B21 Project Site, looking N at the Stabilized RCA Shoulder grass
strip on the east side of W. Mill Road
iv
Executive Summary
Administration and Regulatory
Approvals
The Strong's Yacht Center(SYC) (Applicant), represented by Charles R. Cuddy, Esq. (project attorney for
Applicant), proposes to construct two boat storage buildings along with associated improvements to
support its existing operations at 5780 W. Mill Road, Hamlet of Mattituck,Town of Southold,Suffolk County,
NY(Appendix A: Figures 1 and 2). The two proposed buildings are currently named Boat Storage Building
No. 1 (Proposed Building 10) and Boat Storage Building No. 2 (Proposed Building 9). Herein,the new
buildings are referenced by their proposed SYC building numbers. Building (Bldg.) 9 will encompass 49,000
square feet (sq.ft.) and Bldg. 10 will be 52,500 sq.ft. (see Figure 2).l
The proposed Project Site consists of a 3.9+acre construction excavation area (CEA, Figure 3); a 1,454-ft.
(433 m.) long by 16-ft. (ca. 5-m.)wide,temporary haul road (Figures 3 and 4); an in-marina marked access
route (Figure 3); and new utilities providing service to existing and new SYC buildings (Figures 5 and 6)
(Appendix B: Photographs 131-1321). Two new water lines will service existing SYC Bldg. 1 and the two new
buildings (9 and 10), and a new electrical line will service Bldgs. 9 and 10. New elements of an Off-site
Wastewater Treatment System (OWTS) also will be developed in the marina area.
An application for site plan development was filed with the Town of Southold Planning Board in 2018. On
February 8, 2021,the Town issued a Final Scope for the Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS).
Minor modifications were made to the Final Scope and that edition dates April 5, 2021. In addition to the
site plan approval,the Proposed Action requires permits and approvals from the Town of Southold Trustees
(wetlands permit), Suffolk County Department of Health Services (SCHDS; water supply and sanitary
disposal); and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC)for the State
Pollution Discharge Elimination System [SPDES] Permit for Stormwater Discharges from Construction
Activity. NYSDEC has reviewed the application and the Applicant has received an Article 25 (Tidal Wetlands)
Permit for"select regulated project components and a Non-Jurisdictional determination for all work
landward of the 10-foot contour, by permit dated January 31, 2020 (Permit ID 1-4738-01843/0028)" (DEIS
Final Scope 2021:1).
As regards to cultural resources,the Town of Southold Final Scope (2/8/21; revised 4/5/21) noted that the
archaeological sensitivity of the direct impact areas within the Project Site had to be evaluated. That
assessment is presented herein.
V
.............................................................................
Abbreviations: ac.= acre, acres; cm.=centimeter; CF=cubic feet;ft.=foot,feet; in.= inch, inches; hectare=
ha; m. = meter, meters
1
The Final Scope (4/5/21) also stated that the effects of the Project on three NYSHPO inventoried properties
located north and west of SYC on W. Mill Road had to be considered. The eligibility of these three
properties to the State/National Registers of Historic Places (S/NRHP) is presently listed as Undetermined.
The properties are:
• Robinson-D'Aires House (USN 10310.000347) at 4255 W. Mill Road,
• Old Mill Restaurant(USN 10310.000348)at 5775 W. Mill Road, and
• Old Water Tower(USN 10310.000349)on Suffolk County Tax Parcel 1000-106-6-4.1 (W. Mill Road)
The Town Final Scope (4/5/21) recognized four indirect effects that might result from the implementation of
the Project. These effects are changes in air quality, noise,vibration, and viewshed (setting). There also are
20 parcels that either abut SYC parcel boundaries or that might be indirectly affected by proposed Project
Actions. Eighteen of these parcels have standing buildings/structures (Figure 2). The SYC, abutting, and
viewshed buildings and structures, and the three previously inventoried properties called out by the Town
are detailed in the report entitled Strong's Yacht Center Proposed Boat Storage Buildings, Reconnaissance-
Level Historic Resources Survey(Weed 2021b).
The Applicant is proceeding with the preparation of the DEIS as part of the State Environmental Quality
Review Act(SEQRA) process. As required for inclusion in the DEIS, an initial notice of project(NOP) is being
made to the NYSHPO describing the Project. This Phase IA report is being filed concomitant with the NOP.
Young&Young Engineering are the site engineers. PWGC is under contract to the Applicant to provide
design and environmental work. Carol S. Weed,the cultural resources consultant, is a member of the
environmental team and also is under contract to the Applicant.
Project Detail
The proposed Project includes the construction of two storage buildings similar in function to existing
maintenance and storage buildings within the SYC. The SYC marina is located at the terminus of W. MIII
Road (aka Cox Neck Road, also MIII Road) on the west floodplain of Mattituck Creek. Topographically,the
overall SYC facility includes floodplain, bluff line with abutting valley slope, and upland settings. With one
exception, all of the existing SYC buildings are located on the floodplain and fill. The only exception is the
single-story residence and garage that is noted as Bldg. 1 on Figure 2 and that is located on the 50-ft.AMSL
contour in the uplands.
Currently,there is no vehicle access from the marina to the uplands because of the steep bluff on the west
side of the marina, The SYC valley slope and upland settings, however, can be accessed from the west and
north sides of the SYC property via two maintained roads. The westernmost of these roads is on the east
side of W. Mill Road near 4105 W. Mill Road (Photograph B20). It is a limited access graveled route with
locked chain link gate. The limited access road could be used as an emergency exit route if W. Mill Road was
blocked for some reason south of Naugles Road. The other upland access route is a paved and graveled
route that services residences at 5550 Mill Road, 5102 Mill Road, SYC Bldg. 1 (5104 Mill Road) and 5106 Mill
Road (see Figure 2). This road originates on the south side of W. Mill Road near that road's intersection with
Naugles Road.
2
4t present, there are 7 existing buildings, Z dry docks with hoists, and 45+slips in the 3YC complex (Figure 2;
PhotoAraphsB15'819). The Project will have direct and indirect actions within the SYC complex that could
theoretically affect the buildings and dry docks.The Project Actions will include the aforementioned utilities
(water, electrical, and sanitary sys ems), inlet protection devices(stormwatercontruU, a concrete washout
pad, and a Phase 2 access route construction entrance (see Figure 6).
The section uf the SYC property that will be excavated to accommodate the two new buildings isinthe
southeast quadrant of the SYC parcel to the west of the marina complex. Overall, this construction
excavation area (CEA) is proposed to measure approximately 47Oft (143m) north-south and 3761t(114m)
east-west. At present,the AMSL elevations within the CEA range from about(ca.) 10 ft. AMSL to 50 ft.AMSL
with the lowest elevations in the south quarter of the area (see Figure 3). The[E4, overall,will have afinal
elevation of about lO ft. (3.3m.)AK4SL once B|dgs. 9 and 1O are erected.
The CEA lies west of existing 9/CB|d8s. 7 and 8 (Photographs 81-B2). |n order tu create usable space for the
two new buildings, approximately 134,000 cubic yards will be cut from the CEA which topographically
includes a bluff,valley slope ridges and swale, and an upland flat (Photographs 133-134). The cut soil will be
hauled from the CEA via a temporary haul road during Construction Phase 1 and, in the construction's later
stage (Phase 2)via an in-marina access route.
The Phase 1 temporary haul road will run north-south along the west side of the CEA and then east-west
across the upland flat to an entrance/exit point on W. Mill Road approximately 145 ft. (44 rn]southeast of
41U5VV. Mill Road (see Figures 3 and 4; Photographs B7'81Oi The Phase 2 in-marina access route will reach
the new building locations along a marked route in the marina running north-south on the east side of8|d8s.
3, 5, 6, and 7 and then east-west into the CEA via the gap between Bldgs. 7 and 8. The existing surface of
the Phase 2 marked route will not be broken for the access route either within the marina or along W. Mill
Road (see Figure I). West(W.) Mill Road, however,will be broken for the new water line which will
interconnect with the town main near the intersection of Naugles and W. Mill roads (see Figure 5;
PhutographsB11-B14).
For the temporary haul road that will traverse the upper valley slope and the adjacent upland, the depth of
disturbance in the upland flat will be approximately 14 in. (35 cm.) including 8 in. (20 cm.)of recycled
concrete overlying 6 in. (15 cm)of compacted soil. Tier 4 haul trucks will transport vegetation and soil
removed from the construction excavation during Phase 1of the work. The north-south section ofthe
Phase I temporary haul road within the CEA will not be used by the Project after the 9 ft. AMSL elevation
has been reached in the east and center sections of the CEA. During Phase 2 construction,that part ofthe
Phase 1 road will be destroyed bv further excavation. At that point, all construction dirt, debris, and new
materials will leave or access the new building area via the marina access route. The upland part ofthe
Phase 1 temporary haul road, however,will be retained and used as another emergency access route.
A Project's direct impact elements are typically defined as those that will result in the removal or
displacement ofexisting soil matrix to various depths. The only direct impacts outside ofSYC will occur on
or along W. Mill Road and include the main water line, its associated hydrant, and the Stabilized RCA
Shoulder(see Figure 4). Within the CEA, all construction will occur on newly exposed C-horizon soils at
depths ranging from 0 to 40 ft (0 to ca. 12 m) below the existing AMSL surfaces. |n the marina, all
subsurface impacts will affect soils already disturbed by construction or fill emplaced between 1961 and
1978.
3
Report Organization
The report that follows contains four chapters, references cited, and four appendices. The principal sections
are
• Executive Summary
• Chapter 2—Literature Review and Walkover Methods and Results
• Chapter 3—Phase IA Assessment Conclusions and Recommendations
• References Cited
• Appendix A- Figures;
• Appendix B- Photographs: Project Site
All tables are embedded in the narrative.
4
2
Phase IA Methods and Results
Literature Review and Walkover
Methods
The focus of the research was on reviewing sources pertaining to the historic environmental setting and
functional uses of the Project parcel. For context purposes,the study area was defined as a one-mile buffer
around the Project parcel. The buffer was expanded to a two-mile search area because of a low sample
number in the one-mile buffer. The sources used during the research are listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1. Data Sources Used and Data Obtained
Context
Source Location(s) Data
Domains
Environmental USDA SCS Web Soil Survey; 1)Custom WSS Report for the Project Parcel
Conditions NYS Department of State, 2)Warner et al. (1975)
Division of Coastal 3) Mattituck Inlet Wetland and Beaches,Coastal Fish &
Resources; Project-specific Wildlife Habitat Assessment Form (1987)
geotechnical, land use; 4) McDonald Geoscience(2018)
5) Land Use Ecological Services, Inc. (2020)
Environmental USGS/ESRI Historical 1) Mattituck Hills 1947 quadrangle
Conditions Topographic Collection and 2) Mattituck Hills 1956 quadrangle
USGS US Topo 3) Mattituck Hills 2019 TM quadrangle
4) Mattituck 2016 TM quadrangle
Environmental Suffolk County GIS Portal, 1)Aerial Photographs 1963, 1978, 1984, 2001,2004, 2006,
Conditions, GIS Viewer 2010,2020
Functional 2) Base Map,Tax Parcel Data
Areas
Functional Town of Southold 1)Tax Assessment
Areas
Functional Mattituck-Laurel Library, 1) Postcard Collection (Old Mill,Old Water Tower,west
Areas Mattituck, NY shore Mattituck Creek)
2) "Back Over the Years" [1986 interviews]
Functional New York Office of Parks, 1)Archaeological site forms, buffer area properties
Areas Recreation and Historic 2) Reports and due diligence assessments, buffer area
Preservation (NYOPRHP) projects
Cultural Resource
Information System (CRIS)
The research was conducted by Ms. Carol S. Weed. Additional information was provided by Ms. Kim
Gennaro-Oancea (Vice-President, PWGC), Dr.Joel Klein, Mr. Sal Messina (General Manager, SYC), Mr.Jeff
5
Strong and Mr. Ryan Strong(President and Vice-President, SYC), and Mr.Jeffrey M. Walden (Library
Director, Mattituck-Laurel Library).
The temporary haul road route and the floodplain sections of SYC were walked by Ms. Weed on March 10,
2021. She was accompanied by Mr. Ryan Strong who marked the route of a proposed haul road in the field.
Ms. Weed returned to the area on March 25 when she was accompanied in the field by Ms. Rebecca
Morrow(Planner, PWGC). During this trip, Ms.Weed completed two transects to the south of the March
101"temporary haul road route. The transects were off-set 50 ft. South and 75 ft. South of the proposed
centerline. Ms. Weed and Ms. Morrow photo documented the existing conditions in the CEA and on
adjacent properties. They also took photographs from 200 E. Mill Road,on the east side of Mattituck Creek,
looking southwest toward existing SYC Bldgs. 7 and 8. On April 28, 2021, Ms. Weed observed the cores
recovered from geotechnical bores B-1 and B-2 on the 50 ft. and 40 ft. AMSL contours crossed by the
temporary haul road.
Between April 28 and early June,the proposed route of the Phase 1 temporary haul road within the CEA was
moved to the west side of the CEA. The entrance/exit point of the temporary haul road onto W. Mill Road
also was changed. Ms.Weed returned to the Project Site on June 16, 2021,to review the existing conditions
in these areas and also to record observations about the buildings/structures on various parcels on the east
side of Mattituck Creek. She was accompanied in the field by Ms. Katelyn Kaim (PWGC Environmental
Planner) and Mr. Duff Heitmann (Summer Intern, Natural Sciences, Rutgers University).
Environmental and Historic Contexts
Northern Long Island, particularly the so-called North Fork, is renowned for its agricultural products. At one
point, it was also known for its shellfish and fishing opportunities as well. Indigenous Nation occupations on
the North Fork and on the Peconic Bay islands are documented and Euro-American occupations have been
continuous since the 1600s. In the following context sections,the focus is on Mattituck Creek and its near
uplands. Figures 7 through 18,from various sources, document changes in the natural and cultural
landscapes in 1902, 1904, ca. 1905,ca. 1920s, ca. 1940s, 1947, 1954, 1962, 1984, 2001, and 2013.
Environmental Context
Geology and Soils
The USDA Soil Conservation Service (Warner et al. 1975) characterizes the landscape of northern Suffolk
County as moraine sands that typically are well-to excessively well-drained. The available rock is glacial
transport material in variable sizes ranging from large, boulder erratics to thumb-size pebbles.
In the CEA, aerial photographs dated 1962 and 1978 (Figures 14, 15) show the gradual filling of an inlet in
SYC's southeast quarter(see Figure 3). This area coincides with an unnamed inlet shown on the 1947 USGS
quadrangle (Figures 12, 13). Spoil piles were observed during the March 25, 2021 walkover along the east
side of the CEA. The piles include concrete fragments, a tire, and other cultural debris (Photograph 135). The
origin of the spoil is unknown but historic documents indicate that dredge spoil has been deposited on the
floodplain and in valley locations particularly on the west side of Mattituck Creek by the US Army Corps of
Engineers (Morgan et al. 2005, Friends 1986).
6
USDA(2021)classifies the soils of the project parcel as Carver, Plymouth, and Riverhead loamy sands,Tidal
Marsh, and Fill Land (Figure 19;Table 2). The CEA lies predominately in CpE soils while the Phase 1
temporary haul road will cross PIC, RdB, and RdA soils. The secondary water line to Bldg. 1 will cross CpE
and PIC soil classes. The floodplain is characterized as TM (Tidal Marsh) and Fill (Fd) and subsurface
disturbance to these soil classes will be in locations already heavily modified by the construction of existing
marina facilities.
Table 2.Project Area Soils(USDA 2021,Warner et al. 1975)
Name Soil Horizon Texture, Slope% Drainage Landform/Farmland
Depth Inclusions Classification
CpE Carver and Oa:0-1 in. Oa:organic, 15-35% Excessively Moraines,outwash
Plymouth 111: 1-9 in. decomposed drained plains,coarse sandy
sands,15-35% 112:9-23 in HI,H2,113: glaciofluvial deposits.
slopes 113:23-60 in. coarse sand Not prime farmland
PIB,Plymouth H1: 0-4 in. H1 and H2: 3-8% Excessively Moraines,outwash
loamy sand,3- 112: 4-27 in. loamy sand drained plains.Farmland of
8%slopes 113:27-60 in. 113:gravelly statewide importance
coarse sand
PIC,Plymouth H1: 0-4 in. H1 and H2: 8-15% Excessively Moraines,outwash
loamy sand,8- 112: 4-27 in. loamy sand drained plains,acid sandy
15%slopes 113:27-60 in. 113:gravelly glaciofluvial or deltaic
coarse sand deposits.Not prime
farmland.
RdA,Riverhead H1:0-12 in. H1&112:sandy 0-3 Well drained Moraines,outwash
sandy loam,0- 112:12-27 in. loam,<5 to plains.All areas are
3%slopes 113:27-35 in. 10%gravel prime farmland
114:36-64 in. 113:gravelly
loamy sand,
10%gravel
114:stratified
coarse sand to
gravelly sand,
greater than
10%gravel and
in layers
RdB,Riverhead 111:0-12 in. Same as above 3-8 Well drained Moraines,outwash
sandy loam,3- 112:12-27 in. plains/all areas of
8%slopes 113:27-35 in. prime farmland
114:36-64 in.
The USDA soils data (USDA 2020,Warner 1975) indicate that C-horizon soils will be encountered throughout
the new building excavation area and along the temporary haul road at about 27 in. (ca. 68 cm.) below
ground surface. However,there is documentary evidence and observed existing conditions that indicate
that C-horizon soils may be near to the surface along the temporary haul road or deeper than anticipated
because of fill actions. The Phase 1 temporary haul road will traverse the location of an off-road ATV race
track and support area (Figure 18). The track paths in the race area have minimal A/B soil development with
near surface C-horizon exposed.
7
Hydrology
At present,there is no permanent, natural potable water source within the CEA, along the path of the
temporary haul road, or on the floodplain. Mattituck Creek is a tidally influenced creek and is not potable,
though potable waters drain into it in its south half via Long Creek and the Mattituck Inlet secondary
streams.
Archaeologically, potable water sources are commonly identified as freshwater cold springs, permanent or
seasonal streams, or non-vegetated freshwater ponds and lakes located within 250 ft. (76 m.) of a potential
habitation (camp,village) location. The closest potable water source may once have been a kettle pond
shown on the 1904 Shelter Island (Figure 8) and the 1947 and 1956 Mattituck Hills quadrangles (Figures 12,
13). The pond is approximately 865 ft. (ca. 265 m.) southwest of the east end of the Phase 1 temporary
haul road and well outside of the CEA.
In the last 200 years,the Creek and its adjacent tidal marshes have experienced three documented issues
which have affected their biological resources: 1) inlet siltation, 2) low channel depth, and 3) dredge spoil
removal and deposition (Morgan et al. 2005, Ricciardi 2005). Three secondary creeks feed into the south
one-half of Mattituck Creek from both the east and west sides. These are Long Creek on the east and two
unnamed streams on the west (one crossed by Westphalia Avenue and the other by Cox Neck Road). Long
Creek historically had an associated tertiary stream that today contains Wolf Pit Pond. These secondary
water sources were potable though seasonally influenced. Thus,their waters would have ameliorated,to
some degree,the tidal influences experienced by Mattituck Creek as a whole.
In 1821, Mattituck Creek was partially blocked by a mill dam and low bridge at today's creek crossing of East
and West Mill Roads(Figure 9). These structures remained in place until the period 1905-1909. The
removal of these structures allowed deeper draft vessels to use the length of Mattituck Creek but only after
considerable dredging. The early Rivers and Harbor Acts between 1910 and 1935 specifically call-out the
Mattituck [Inlet] with the proviso that "no part of this appropriation shall be expended of the improvement
of the harbor at Mattituck above the milldam until the local authorities shall have replaced the existing dam
and bridge by a bridge with suitable draw spans" (R&HA 1910:635). In 1918, U.S. Congress committed
$5,000 for the maintenance of Mattituck Harbor(R&HA 1918:905) and this maintenance continues today.
In the 1900s, dredging was concentrated at the north end of the Creek north of the E/W Mill Road structures
and then, once they were breached by storms, south to at least the Long Creek mouth (Morgan et al. 2005).
A swivel bridge was emplaced after the 1908-1909 storms and it remained in place until at least the mid-
1950s(Figures 10, 11). Morgan et al. (2005:57) stated that between August 1913 and August 1914,the
entire Creek was dredged. Between 1962 and 1978,the east-west inlet at the south end of the CEA was
filled and the adjacent floodplain was extended eastward into Creek waters. This resulted in the creation of
both more usable marina space which eventually accommodated Bldg. 8 and a tidal marsh (Figures 14-17).
This inlet does not show as a permanent stream on any of the available historic maps examined but its
associated contours suggest that it could have had seasonal flow(see Figures 8, 12, 13) and the current
excavation phasing plan for the CEA(Figure 3). If true,then this possible source of potable water could have
supported seasonal camp inhabitants and functions resulting from the exploitation of the considerable
variety of riparian and riverine resources in the Creek area.
8
Biological Resources
Potable water, while admittedly critical,will not result in an absence of human use of an area. In the case of
Mattituck Creek and its flanking settings,there is no doubt that both Indigenous Nation and Euro-American
occupants exploited the rich fish, shellfish, and riparian resources. Craven (1906:236 [pdf 247]) noted the
importance of the aquatic resources
"The bays and creeks about Mattituck abound in sea food of every description, and from the earliest
times to the present some of the inhabitants have devoted most of their time, and most of the
inhabitants have devoted some of their time,to fishing and procuring eels, clams and crabs.The
oysters of Mattituck Creek have been recognized for many years as of superior quality, but it was
not until the tide gates at the mill were removed-that their cultivation on a considerable scale was
successful. Since 1903 large quantities have been planted and Mattituck Creek oysters have a well-
established reputation as of the very best quality and of peculiarly fine flavor.There is a large
demand for them from the best restaurants and most famous hotels of New York City."
Morgan et al. (2005:32 [pdf 61] state that "Mattituck Inlet, Mattituck Creek, and the land surrounding it
have been designated as the Mattituck Inlet Significant Coastal Fish and Wildlife Habitat by the NYDOS."
Both intertidal and high marsh vegetation is present in the inlet area and historically,that continued
southward to the Mill dam. Morgan et al. (2005:32 [pdf 61]) notes that today's Oregon Marsh Tidal
Wetlands, on the east side the inlet on the southside of the second dune ridge complex, "supports juvenile
marine finfish, clams, mussels, and osprey" (Morgan et al. 2005:32 [pdf 61]). Although the Creek had to be
re-stocked at one point with oyster seed, it is likely that the same array of species was present in much of
the Indigenous Nation and Euro-American occupation periods.
Historic Context
The Historic Context is based on the results of the project-specific one-mile context buffer review and a
subsequent two-mile context review supplemented by Craven (1906), Ferguson (1935), Folk (2019), Gwynne
(1985),Tweedie (2017-2018), 2021), and Wisniewski and Gwynne (1982). While Ritchie (1980) considers
Long Island resources, his summary of the Woodland-era Windsor and East River Traditions on the island is
exceptionally brief. His cultural sequence, however, is still applied in the region and is applicable to
locations in Suffolk County.
Prior Cultural Resource Investigations in the
Context Buffers
Based on the NYOPRHP CRIS records, no previous cultural resources investigations have been completed on
the two SYC parcels. Within the one-mile context buffer, CRIS acknowledged no archaeological sites and a
single professional archaeological investigation (Riccardi 2005). This Phase IA study was focused on the
mouth of the Mattituck Creek Inlet in support of USACOE breakwater improvements in that area (Ricciardi
2005).
A two-mile context area yielded a slightly more robust archaeological sample. The CRIS listed 10 earlier
projects in the two-mile buffer which cumulatively yielded information on four new archaeological sites.
These are listed below in Table 3.
9
Table 3. Two-mile Context Area Archaeological Site USNs
NYOPRHP SITE NAME S/NRHP
USN STATUS
10310.000226 Youngs Avenue Site Undetermined
10310.000240 James Corwin House Site Undetermined
10310.001289 Macri Prehistoric Site Undetermined
10310.001452 Deep Hole 2 Undetermined
The Youngs Avenue Site was recorded Suffolk County Archaeological Association. The form is not dated and
the archaeological site is not described. Linda Harvey(1985) recorded the James Corwin House Site in 1985
during the Society for Long Island Antiquities (SPLIA)Town of Southold survey. The form,though
archaeological, is primarily focused on the Corwin house and there are no setting particulars except that the
site is one-mile from water and the slope is flat.
The USN 10310.001289 site form names the resource "Macri Prehistoric Site" rather than "Macri at Laurel
Site" as shown in CRIS. The form was prepared by Douglas Mackey based on information provided by Clover
Archaeological Services who reported "finding prehistoric lithic artifacts at the proposed Macri at Laurel
development" (Bernstein and Merwin 2001:8) in 1990. Mr. Mackey compiled information for the site form
based on conversation with Clover Archaeological Services(Mackey 1997). Mackey reported that the site
was in a previously cultivated field,there was lithic artifacts found on the surface and below plowzone, and
that the site functioned as a camp. The site was reported as on gentle slope. The Clover map appended to
the site form shows concentrations of artifacts in three loci within the project area. Bernstein and Merwin
(2001:8) reported that Greenhouse Consultants conducted Phase II testing of the report site area and found
no additional artifacts.
The Deep Hole 2 site was reported by Cammisa and Padilla in 2016 during the cultural resources survey of a
proposed subdivision. The site yielded chipped stone artifacts including flakes, a scraper, and a Levanna-like
projectile point fragment during the Phase I investigations. Subsequent Phase II work found additional
chipped stone items including a projectile point tip in addition to historic glass, ceramics, and a kaolin pipe
stem. The site form, presented in Appendix B of the report,that the site was found on a flat in a previously
cultivated field and that the site represented a single-component use area.
Unlike the modest archaeological sample within the context areas,there has been intensive effort expended
to document historic buildings and structures in the Town of Southold including Mattituck. Initially,this
work was led by the Society for the Preservation of Long Island Antiquities (SPLIA) in 1984. At the time,
Linda Harvey(1987) completed documentation on properties in Mattituck including the three
Undetermined properties called out in the Town of Southold Final Scope. Her work was updated at the
request of the Town by Mark S.Tweedie in 2012. He also considered the existing conditions of the three
Undetermined properties.
Literature Review Results
The historic map and literature review focused on Project Site functions. Three map and aerial sources were
of exceptional value in defining functional uses of the SYC and adjacent properties. These were the
ESRI/USGS Historic Topographic Quadrangles (1904, 1906, 1947, and 1956);the USGS TM-geo quadrangles
(2016, 2019); and the Suffolk GIS Aerial photographs (1962, 1978, 1984, 2001, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2013,
10
2016, and 2020). The 1947 aerial photograph's flight line in the Suffolk County set does not appear to
extend east to Mattituck Creek. The historical developments in the Project area are discussed below in the
various SYC, abutting, and viewshed parcel presentations.
Direct Impact Area Walkover
Observations
The Project will result in direct impacts to four areas: 1)the construction excavation area that will eventually
host new buildings 9 and 10; 2)the temporary haul road that will be used during the first phase of the
construction area excavation; 3)the temporary access route that will be used between the construction
excavation area through the SYC marina during Phase 2; and 4) utility line trenches and minor elements
within the SYC marina. Each of these direct impact areas are discussed below.
Construction Excavation Area (CEA)
At present,the construction excavation area includes the bluff, part of a filled inlet, a dissected and partially
filled valley slope, and a thin sliver of upland flat on its western margin (see Figure 3 for topography). The
bluff forms the east boundary of the CEA. The bluff rises from the marina surface behind Bldgs. 7 and 8
some 16 ft(ca. 5 m.) and is shorter at its southern end where it links to a now-filled inlet. The now-filled
inlet forms the south end of the CEA(see preceding Geology and Soils discussion). At present,the filled inlet
generally lies at 8-10 ft.AMSL and the maximum width north-south of the inlet below the existing 12 ft.
AMSL contours is approximately 160 ft. (48 m.) (Figure 2).
Most of the CEA west of the bluff and north of filled inlet is occupied by two ridges that bound a swale.
These three features are generally oriented northwest-southeast and seasonal waters in the Swale
historically would have discharged into the inlet rather than directly into Mattituck Creek. The valley ridges
and the Swale rise from the filled inlet to approximately 50 ft.AMSL. The western ridge culminates at the 50
ft.AMSL contour and this area appears to be minimally disturbed. The eastern ridge, however, was
disturbed by a McDonald Geoscience geotechnical test bore (#B3) drilled in 2018 and earlier dredge spoil-
based deposition (Figures 14-17). The western margin of the CEA will cut into the upland flat.
The PWGC 2021 geotechnical bores clearly distinguish dredge spoil layers in Bores B9, B10, and B11 (Figure
20). The dredge spoils are now concentrated between 3.5 and 8 ft. (1 and ca. 3 m.) below surface and
extend downward to depths from 6 to at least 12 ft. (ca. 2 to 3.6 m.). As would be expected the thinnest
and shallowest dredge layer is in PWGC Bore B9,which is furthest east. The thickest deposits were found in
PWGC Bore B11 near the original inlet mouth. Overall,the soil layers above the dredge spoils generally
agree with the CpE texture description (see preceding Geology and Soils section) and represent erosion
sediments from upslope.
CEA Phase 1 Temporary Haul Road
As shown on Figures 2 and 3,the Phase 1 temporary haul road will run north-south parallel to the western
boundary of the CEA. From east to west,the temporary haul road starts on the 12 ft. (3.65 m.)AMSL
contour and continues upward across the 20, 30, and 40 ft. contours to the 50 ft. contour which marks the
start of the upland flat. It will briefly cross the contour nose and then continue northwestward onto 40 ft.
contours. As it trends northwest, it will once again settle on the 50 ft.AMSL upland.
11
The Phase 1 temporary haul road will continue westward in a slightly curved line to an exit/entrance on W.
Mill Road that will be located approximately 145 ft. (44 m.) south of the southeast corner of the house at
4150 W. Mill Road (Figure 4). Overall, the temporary haul road is proposed to be approximately 1454 ft.
(443 m.) long and it will vary between 16 and 24 ft. (ca. 5 and 7 m.)wide.The temporary haul road
exit/entrance on W. Mill Road will be widened, however,to 30 ft. (9 m.)to facilitate the haul trucks turning
off/on to W. Mill Road. Immediately south of the south side of the entrance/exit, a Stabilized RCA Shoulder
will be created to expand the available width of the northbound W. Mill Road Lane. The Stabilized RCA
Shoulder will be approximately the width of the current grass strip, about 6 ft. (1.8 m.). The shoulder will be
stabilized north-south for approximately 100 ft. (30 m.) leaving its south end approximately 100 ft. (30 m.)
north of the historic water tank located at 3380 W. Mill Road (see subsequent discussion of
building/structure at this address).
The vegetation on the ridge slope is Coastal Oak-Beech Forest. Once the upland is reached,the flat is
covered in Successional Southern Hardwood and Successional Shrubland (Land Use Ecological Services, Inc.
2020). The successional land covers directly coincide with prior agricultural uses of this section of the parcel
which is documented between 1962 and 1984 on Suffolk County GIS aerials. Based on the history of land
use in Mattituck overall, it is likely that the west half of the temporary haul road was in agricultural use for
much of the Euro-American period. The Hyde 1902-1909 (Figure 7) shows that the land was owned by John
Dunn who also owned the parcel at what is now 4150 W. Mill Road. The aerials also indicate that an earlier
manifestation of the ATV oval track crossed by the temporary haul road was not present until 2001 (Figure
17) and then formalized into what is shown in 2013 (Figure 18). Between these dates,the ATV tracks were
disturbing the already fallow, successional scrublands.
CEA Phase 2 Temporary Haul Route
At the end of Phase 1, when elevation 9 ft.AMSL has been reached across the central and east parts of the
CEA,the Phase 1 temporary haul road within the CEA will be excavated out. The west side soil will be cut
and the trucks will use the Phase 2 haul road route shown on Figures 3 and 4. On entering/leaving the
marina, the haul trucks will use W. Mill Road. The Phase 2 temporary haul route will not break the surface
of the marina or W. Mill Road. Within the C-horizon soils of the CEA, it will be constructed in the same
manner as the Phase 1 temporary haul road.
SYC Marina Utility Lines and Minor Elements
As noted in Chapter 1, a new water line will be created by connection to an existing main at the intersection
of Naugles Road and W. Mill Road. Once the main water line enters SYC,two new water lines will be laid.
One will parallel a new above-ground electrical line and both lines will be laid along the west side of the
floodplain. The second water line will diverge from the main water line west of Bldg. 5 and trend west and
upslope to Bldg. 1. The electrical line will be ditched in-place starting on the east side of Bldg. 6 and remain
buried into the new building area.
In addition to the two utility trenches, a new OWTS will be created for use marina-wide. With the exception
of the Bldg. 1 water line,the remaining excavations will be in locations that were disturbed between 1962
and 1978 during the construction of the original marina.
The Bldg. 1 water line will be laid in an open trench. The final dimensions of the trench will be established
by the contractor. The trench, however, will require that trees are cut on the bluff and valley slope between
the west side of Bldg. 5 and the upland backyard of Bldg. 1 (Figure 5). At the top of the slope,the waterline
will cross the backyard to new OWTS the southeast corner of the house (Photographs 1313-1314).
12
3
Phase IA Assessment Conclusions
and Recommendations
Based on the limited comparative data for the north shore of the North Fork of Long Island, it appears that
three siting variables were important: 1) elevation/slope, 2) reasonable proximity to potable water, and 3)
proximity to tidal resources. The Project Site has three component parts that will include invasive actions in
relatively undisturbed soils:the CEA,the Phase 1 temporary haul road, and the water lines and hydrant. The
minor Project Actions in the marina will be on a floodplain that has already been filled and reworked to
accommodate the existing buildings and structures.
Tweedie (2017-2018) argues that narrow terraces on steep slopes were utilized in the Indigenous Nation
periods. In the case of the Project Site,the CEA slopes commonly exceed 8-15%. Along the bluff line,the
very narrow terraces are mapped at less than 2 ft.wide with extremely sandy faces. Within the CEA valley
slope ridges and Swale, however,the ridgeline 40 ft. and 50 ft. AMSL contours have micro-terraces with
appreciable width. The ridge contours on the west side, crossed by the Phase 1 temporary haul road, range
in width between about 8 ft.to 20 ft.wide between the 12 ft. and 50 ft.AMSL contours. The broader
terraces, defined herein as 16 ft.to 20 ft. begin to appear above the 30 ft.AMSL contour and continue
northward to the point where the temporary haul road veers west toward W. Mill Road. On the north-
south temporary haul road segment,the 40 ft. AMSL micro-terraces are interrupted by a 50 ft.AMSL
contour without internal terracing. The north-south length of this 40-50-40 ft. contour micro-terrace set is
approximately 216 ft. (ca. 66 m).
East of the swale in the CEA,there has been more disturbance by emplacement of spoil along the
bluff/valley slope juncture and in the vicinity of a 2018 test bore location. However,the northeast quadrant
of the 40 ft.AMSL contour has pronounced terraces that are on average 28-ft. (ca. 7 m.)wide. The
northeast area in question measures approximately 320 ft. (97.5 m.) east-west and at a maximum 160 ft. (49
m.) north-south.
The possible uses of the micro-terraces as defined above by Indigenous Nation persons is hampered by a
lack of permanent potable water in the settings. This also goes for the relatively flat location of the east-
west segment of the Phase 1 temporary haul road which crosses gentle slope within the 50 ft.AMSL
contour. As noted in the preceding Hydrology and Biological Resources sections,the nearest confirmed
potable water source to any Project direct impact element is the kettle pond shown on the 1904 Shelter
Island quadrangle and the 1947 and 1956 Mattituck Hills quadrangles. The now-filled inlet in the south
quarter of the SYC property may once have hosted seasonal potable water but this is a supposition based on
contours.
13
Historically, margins of kettle ponds are preferred settlement locations and such preference is
demonstrated by the presence of a Euro-American era farm complex on the north margin of the kettle pond.
The distance, however, is greater than would be anticipated for permanent or even seasonal villages or
camps along the Phase 1 temporary haul road route or within the CEA in the Indigenous Nation occupation
eras. Certainly, resource specific loci could have been established on the micro-terraces within the CEA that
could have been supported by seasonal waters within the Swale. The micro-terraces would provide usable
space for short term stays while exploiting the Mattituck Creek and associated inlet riverine resources and
the exposed glacial till along the bluff faces.
This same scenario does not seem to hold for the main water line or secondary water line locations. The
main water line slopes downward between Naugles Road and the SYC following a natural break in the bluff
line. The siting of W. Mill Road follows this break slope. However,the very presence of the paved road has
disturbed the soils along this route. The secondary water line rises from W. Mill Road crossing narrow
terraces on the valley slope to an upland flat that will be broken by the Bldg. 1 water line trench. The upland
flat, however, was stripped during the construction of the house at 5104 Mill Road (SYC Bldg. 1).
On the basis of Phase IA research and various walkovers,the Project Site may retain archaeological
sensitivity within the CEA. It is recommended that the areas as outlined on Figure 20 and discussed above
should be subjected to Phase IB archaeological survey as both locations are evaluated as having medium
sensitivity for the presence of Indigenous Nation use. If NYSHPO accepts this recommendation, a Phase IB
work plan will be submitted that outlines the exact locations that will be subject to systematic shovel
testing.
14
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Long Island Sound, New Suffolk, Great Peconic Bay] South Jamesport,Jamesport]. In,Atlas of Suffolk
County, Long Island, New York: based upon maps on file at the county seat in Riverhead and upon private
plans and surveys furnished by surveyors and individual owners,Vol. 2, North.
https:Hd igitalcol lections.nypi.org/items/a6539eOc-ec42-fd b2-eO40-e00a 18O6la2e
USGS/ESRI
1904. Shelter Island quadrangle, 1:62500. Downloaded 4/5/2021 from USGS/ESRI Historic Topographic
Maps.
18
1947. Mattituck Hills quadrangle, 1:24000. Downloaded 12/15/2020 from USGS/ESRI Historic Topographic
Maps.
1956. Mattituck Hills quadrangle, 1:24000. Downloaded 12/15/2020 from USGS/ESRI Historic Topographic
Maps.
2016. 2019. Mattituck Hill quadrangle,TM_geo, 1:24000. Downloaded 4/5/2021 from USGS.
2019. Mattituck Hill quadrangle,TM_geo, 1:24000. Downloaded 3/28/2021 from USGS.
19
Appendix A - Figures
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Appendix B - Photographs: Project
Site
21
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Photograph B1. Project Site CEA, looking NE from the Bluff across SYC Bldgs. 6 and 7 (Field Photograph
RM_IMG0438, 03/25/21).
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Photograph B2. Project Site CEA, looking SE from the bluff across SYC Bldg. 8 (Field Photograph
RM_IMG0436, 03/25/21).
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Photograph B3. Project Site CEA, looking CEA, looking SW. at the floodplain/bluff juncture west of Bldg. 7
(Field Photograph CSW_PA030048, 3/10/21).
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Photograph B4. Project Site CEA, looking across the CEA valley slope ridge and swale topography (Field
Photograph RM_IMG0450, 03/25/21).
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Photograph B5. Project Site CEA,tire in spoil bank(Field Photograph RM_IMG0443, 03/25/21).
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Photograph B6. Project Site CEA,geotechnical bore location (Field Photograph CSW_P1010004,4/28/21).
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Photograph B7. Project Site Temporary Haul Road, looking S downslope across the 40 to 20 AMSL contours
(Field Photograph CSW_PC060018, 6/16/21).
Photograph B8. Project Site,Temporary Haul Road, looking W across successional shrublands (Field
Photograph RM_IMG0416, 03/25/21).
Photograph B9. Project Site,Temporary Haul Road, looking NE across ATV berm (Field Photograph
RM_IMG0408, 03/25/21).
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Photograph B10. Project Site,Temporary Haul Road, looking N. along W. Mill Road from the north side of
the haul road entrance/exit (Field Photograph CSW(DH)_P060030,4/28/21).
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a Photograph 1311. Project Site, Water Main, looking W.from the intersection of Naugles Rd. (right) and W.
Mill Road (left) (Field Photograph CSW_P1010017, 03/10/21).
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Photograph B12. Project Site, Main Water Line, intersection of Naugles Rd. (left)and W. Mill Road (right)
looking E. (Field Photograph CSW_P1010015, 03/10/21).
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Photograph B13. Project Site, Secondary Water Line, looking NE across the backyard of 5104 Mill Rd. (Field
Photograph CSW_PC060011, 6/16/21).
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Photograph B14. Project Site, Secondary Water Line, looking NE at the water line route with SYC Bldgs. 5 and
6 downslope (Field Photograph CSW_PC060014, 6/16/21).
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9s
Photograph B15. SYC, looking W. at Bldgs. 2 and 3 from 80 E. Mill Rd. dock (Field Photograph
CSW_PC060042, 6/16/21).
Photograph B16. SYC, looking SW at Bldgs. 6, 7, and 8 from 80 E. Mill Road dock(Field Photograph CSW-
_PC060040, 6/16/21).
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Photograph B17. SYC, looking SW at the location of now-demolished Bldg.4. It was right of the ladder(Field
Photograph CSW_PC06000S, 6/16/21).
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Photograph B18. SYC, North Dry Dock without lift, looking E/NE (Field Photograph CSW_PC060002, 6/16/21).
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Photograph B19. SYC, zinc plates on hull and rack(Field Photograph CSW_PA030047, 3/10/21).
ti.. ;. i`'1t'1 stt t�s tysC 1j5�
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1
Photograph B20. SYC,current emergency access road orient east-west between W. Mill Road and Mill Road,
looking W. (Field Photograph CSW_PA030024, 3/10/21).
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u
Photograph B21. Project Site, looking N. at the Stabilized RCA Shoulder grass strip
on the east side of W. Mill Road (Field Photograph CSW_PC060028, 6/16/21).