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Figure 7.7: John White Watercolor, *The towne of
Pomiock" [1585] , An Indian Fort Near Roanoke, North
Carolina Showing Baffle Gate at its Lower End
(Salwen 1978:278) .
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rig. S. plan and profiles of 744ture 1, z• •!els' '•:
rid, 6, plan 42d profiles of Feature 2.
Figure7.8: Plan and Profile Views of Two Circular House
Patterns to the South of Fort Corchaug (Solecki
1950:18) .
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Fig. 15. The meaufseture of wampum. 2-1 illuscrate steps of maeufaeture; m-g ere mis-
cellaaeoue ertifeets; and 1-! are examples oC the tools used
Figure 7.9 : Wampum Production at Fort Corchaug: Whelk Shells
in Various Phases of Reduction (a-i) ; Wampum
Beads(j-m) ; Quahog Shells Used to Produce Purple
Wampum Beads (n-p) ; Ground Stones Tools Used to
Grind Wampum Beads (q-v) (Solecki 1950:27) .
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Figure 7.10: Shantok-Style Pottery -From Fort Corchaug (Solecki
1950:22) .
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Figure 7.11 : Photograph of Carlyle Smith Working at Fort
Corchaug, March, 1946 (Courtesy of Ralph S.
Solecki) .
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Figure 7 .12: Photograph of Clifford Evans in an Excavation
Trench at the Southwest Corner of Fort Corchaug;
Carlyle Smith is at the Left Taking Notes, August
3, 1947 (Courtesy of Ralph S. Solecki) .
Clean sand
TT I •
61ark refuse lens
Dark earth E
W= �•, .
T. .2'
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Poc et -of black
FEET
earth and shells
Fig. 7 , Prof iles of the west walls of
Test Trenches 1 and 2.
Dark refuse lens
N S
apo
eat
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..Ye sand ' • ' • •s '
. • ;• . ,, } Light
o 2 4 -
sterile stand
Reddish sand
Fig, 8 , Prorile of rune north wail of
Test Trench 3 ,
Figure 7.13 : Profile Drawings of Test Trenches 1, 2, and 3
(Solecki 1950:19) .
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Figure
• FC�>x iR "� �• t. .� t �F ry a Rl" � �"v� • / P- tii_'[ ♦v
r e 'Clearing
operations at Fort Corchaug, 1938. Sticks mark the
line of .. post (Courtesy
Ralph S. . -
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T18. 18. Aborl;i2el (d-C) sad Europeam (e-c, F-A') arti:ec:a o[ various :eceriela.
Figure 7 .15 : Fort Corchaug Artifact Assemblage (Solecki
1950:31) .
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Figure 7.16: Plan view of 1968 New York University Excavations
at Fort Corchaug (Williams 1972:86) .
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FIlrvRE 10 A. FT. COrCCNAuC- SITS
PLAAr VIEW aF tcXCAv. v,v,r �:'
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0 feet" S
Ft(rvRE JOB. Fr. CoRcNAvc- SITE
PL.aly Y1 EW of EXCAV. (JNIT -11M
Figure 7.17: Plan Views of Excavation Units IV and VI, 1968 New
York University Excavations at Fort Corchaug
(Williams 1972 :89) .
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Figure 7 .18 : Photograph Taken From Fort Corchaug Looking South
Toward Peconic Bay, 1936 (Courtesy of Ralph S.
Solecki) .
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Figure 7.19 : Aerial Photograph of Fort Corchaug Locale, 1997
(Courtesy of Peconic Land Trust) .
The Bulletin - Number 114
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0 20 40 60 80 eu -excavation unit Fort Corchaug
FEET tt-test trench ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE MAP
Southold, Suffolk County, New York
Figure 2.Map of Solecki test excavations, 1936-1948.Fort Corchaug Archaeological Site National Historic Landmark,Suffolk County,New York(Solecki
1950:16:Revised by James Farrell,National Park Service,Philadelphia,1998).
40 ft beyond the fort's south wall. Another area, Excavation taken to disturb as little of the site as possible.Most work was
Unit C,was situated at a shell midden located above the banks confined to the perimeter wall area; less than one percent of
of Downs Creek,approximately 140 ft to the east of the site. the 34,000-sq-ft interior area was affected.
Seven numbered 10 ft-to 25 ft-long narrow Test Trenches Solecki and his colleagues took extensive field notes and
were situated at various places in the embankment wall. photographs. A total of 49 profile drawings were made of
Solecki and his colleagues also dug nine smaller and narrow- test trench and other site excavations (Figure 3). Most of
er sondages into other parts of the embankment. Care was these notes remain in Solecki's possession at this writing.
5
The Bulletin • Number 114
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0 20 40 60 80 eu -excavation unit Fort Corchaug
FEET 1 ' tt-test trench ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE MAP
Southold, Suffolk County, New York
Figure 2.Map of Solecki test excavations, 1936-1948.Fort Corchaug Archaeological Site National Historic Landmark,Suffolk County,New York(Solecki
1950:16:Revised by James Farrell,National Park Service,Philadelphia,1998).
40 ft beyond the fort's south wall. Another area, Excavation taken to disturb as little of the site as possible.Most work was
Unit C,was situated at a shell midden located above the banks confined to the perimeter wall area; less than one percent of
of Downs Creek,approximately 140 ft to the east of the site. the 34,000-sq-ft interior area was affected.
Seven numbered 10 ft-to 25 ft-long narrow Test Trenches Solecki and his colleagues took extensive field notes and
were situated at various places in the embankment wall. photographs. A total of 49 profile drawings were made of
Solecki and his colleagues also dug nine smaller and narrow- test trench and other site excavations (Figure 3). Most of
er sondages into other parts of the embankment. Care was these notes remain in Solecki's possession at this writing.
5
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Figure 1 lithe Project area shown on the U . S • G . S , map, 7 . 5 minute
series Southampton , Southold , Mattituck and Mattituck
Hills quadrangle 1956 .
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ana the conteo�porary forts on eastern Long Island
2 Manhattsett fort, Shelter Islattd ; 3,
Fig. 2 Location of Fort CorcnaugCutottoguo ; , Fresh Fond tort, hither
1 For Corchaug, fort bond ; 5,
and in Conneoticut : 1MontauK,
Shinne000k fort, n8arSoMolbampton,lltville � So l e c k l 19 5
H1118; 6, Fort Sita ,
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Figure 3 . Sketch of Fort Chorchaug showing cartway (Solecki 1950 : 16 )
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UNITED STATES
c�y, DE AIS �MENT OF THE INTERIOR �`�
OLOGICAL SURVEY -�
72 30' O 11 CUTCHOGUE�Ny,LUNC_-N Y 251 0.e M1. 2713tY'
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COUMM CLUB Maw PROPERTY OMNm - •1
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STEPFOINJNN +�
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104.7071 acres
AT CUTCHOGUE, TOWN OF SOUTHOLD `ONCEP'
SUFFOLK COUNTY. NEW YORK
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Figure 7.3 : ' Map of Montauk Country and Nearby New England (in
Trigger 1978:161) .
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- - - Peconic eoy_
Figure 7.4: Map of Fort Corchaug and Vicinity (Solecki
1950:15) .
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Figure 7.5: Fort Corchaug Test Excavation Plan View (Solecki
1950:16) .
' M
oShallow Jl
t�PtT_
Post- • •
AIL holes , l/
aFire bed
AL �r
0 48
FEET ..
uf.,
WQ %Uwi
Figure 7.6: Excavation Unit E Plan View, Showing Palisade and
Baffle Gate Trench Lines (Solecki 1950:17) .